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authordoko <doko@138bc75d-0d04-0410-961f-82ee72b054a4>2007-06-03 23:18:43 +0000
committerdoko <doko@138bc75d-0d04-0410-961f-82ee72b054a4>2007-06-03 23:18:43 +0000
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treea9c9e7d91c484d53fe154f9285fc57325572ce50 /libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/package.html
parent6d7301dc346a198a89ac987c1008aac09f191ee6 (diff)
downloadppe42-gcc-5bf762459121cc397663d22498d62d71fa179ef6.tar.gz
ppe42-gcc-5bf762459121cc397663d22498d62d71fa179ef6.zip
libjava/classpath/ChangeLog.gcj:
2007-05-31 Matthias Klose <doko@ubuntu.com> * javax/management/NotificationBroadcasterSupport.java (getNotificationInfo): Add cast. * native/jni/qt-peer/Makefile.am (AM_CXXFLAGS): Add libstdc++ include directories. * native/jni/qt-peer/Makefile.in: Regenerate. libjava/ChangeLog: 2007-06-03 Matthias Klose <doko@ubuntu.com> * java/io/natFileWin32.cc (setFilePermissions): New (stub only). _access: Handle EXEC query, stub only. 2007-06-03 Matthias Klose <doko@ubuntu.com> Merged from classpath: * gnu/java/nio/SelectorProviderImpl.java: Whitespace merge. * java/lang/System.java(inheritedChannel): New. * java/lang/Character.java: Remove stray`;'. * java/net/MulticastSocket.java: Merged. * java/text/DateFormatSymbols.java(getInstance): New, comment updates. * java/text/Collator.java(getInstance): Merged. * java/util/Calendar.java: New attributes ALL_STYLES, SHORT, LONG. getDisplayName, getDisplayNames: New. * java/util/logging/Logger.java: Merged. * Regenerate .class and .h files. 2007-06-03 Matthias Klose <doko@ubuntu.com> * java/io/File.java: Merge with classpath-0.95, new method setFilePermissions, new attribute EXEC. * java/io/natFilePosix.cc (setFilePermissions): New. _access: Handle EXEC query. * classpath/lib/java/io/File.class, java/io/File.h: Regenerate. 2007-06-03 Matthias Klose <doko@ubuntu.com> Imported GNU Classpath 0.95. * classpath/Makefile.in, classpath/native/jni/midi-dssi/Makefile.in, classpath/native/jni/classpath/Makefile.in, classpath/native/jni/Makefile.in, classpath/native/jni/gconf-peer/Makefile.in, classpath/native/jni/java-io/Makefile.in, classpath/native/jni/native-lib/Makefile.in, classpath/native/jni/java-util/Makefile.in, classpath/native/jni/midi-alsa/Makefile.in, classpath/native/jni/java-lang/Makefile.in, classpath/native/jni/java-nio/Makefile.in, classpath/native/jni/java-net/Makefile.in, classpath/native/jni/xmlj/Makefile.in, classpath/native/jni/qt-peer/Makefile.in, classpath/native/jni/gtk-peer/Makefile.in, classpath/native/Makefile.in, classpath/native/jawt/Makefile.in, classpath/native/fdlibm/Makefile.in, classpath/native/plugin/Makefile.in, classpath/resource/Makefile.in, classpath/scripts/Makefile.in, classpath/tools/Makefile.in, classpath/doc/Makefile.in, classpath/doc/api/Makefile.in, classpath/lib/Makefile.in, classpath/external/Makefile.in, classpath/external/jsr166/Makefile.in, classpath/external/sax/Makefile.in, classpath/external/w3c_dom/Makefile.in, classpath/external/relaxngDatatype/Makefile.in, classpath/include/Makefile.in, classpath/examples/Makefile.in: Regenerate. * classpath/config.guess, classpath/config.sub, classpath/ltmain.sh : Update. * classpath/configure, classpath/depcomp, classpath/missing, classpath/aclocal.m4, classpath/install-sh: Regenerate. * gnu/classpath/Configuration.java (CLASSPATH_VERSION): Now 0.95. * sources.am: Regenerate. * Makefile.in: Regenerate. * Update the .class files and generated CNI header files, add new .class and generated CNI header files. * Remove generated files for removed java source files: classpath/gnu/java/net/BASE64.java, classpath/gnu/java/security/util/Base64.java, classpath/gnu/java/awt/peer/gtk/GThreadMutex.java, classpath/gnu/java/awt/peer/gtk/GThreadNativeMethodRunner.java, classpath/gnu/java/awt/font/autofit/Scaler.java, classpath/gnu/classpath/jdwp/util/Value.java, classpath/gnu/javax/net/ssl/Base64.java. * Remove empty directories. * Makefile.am(nat_source_files): Add natVMOperatingSystemMXBeanImpl.cc. * java/lang/Class.java(setAccessible): Merge from classpath. * java/util/Locale.java: Remove. * gnu/java/lang/management/VMOperatingSystemMXBeanImpl.java, gnu/java/lang/management/natVMOperatingSystemMXBeanImpl.cc: New. * gcj/javaprims.h: Update class declarations. * scripts/classes.pl: Update usage. * HACKING: Mention to build all peers. git-svn-id: svn+ssh://gcc.gnu.org/svn/gcc/trunk@125302 138bc75d-0d04-0410-961f-82ee72b054a4
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-<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN">
-<html> <head>
-<title>Concurrency Utilities</title>
-</head>
-
-<body>
-
-<p> Utility classes commonly useful in concurrent programming. This
-package includes a few small standardized extensible frameworks, as
-well as some classes that provide useful functionality and are
-otherwise tedious or difficult to implement. Here are brief
-descriptions of the main components. See also the <tt>locks</tt> and
-<tt>atomic</tt> packages.
-
-<h2>Executors</h2>
-
-<b>Interfaces.</b> {@link java.util.concurrent.Executor} is a simple
-standardized interface for defining custom thread-like subsystems,
-including thread pools, asynchronous IO, and lightweight task
-frameworks. Depending on which concrete Executor class is being used,
-tasks may execute in a newly created thread, an existing
-task-execution thread, or the thread calling <tt>execute()</tt>, and
-may execute sequentially or concurrently. {@link
-java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService} provides a more complete
-asynchronous task execution framework. An ExecutorService manages
-queuing and scheduling of tasks, and allows controlled shutdown. The
-{@link java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService} subinterface
-and associated interfaces add support for delayed and periodic task execution.
-ExecutorServices provide methods arranging asynchronous execution of
-any function expressed as {@link java.util.concurrent.Callable}, the
-result-bearing analog of {@link java.lang.Runnable}. A {@link
-java.util.concurrent.Future} returns the results of a function, allows
-determination of whether execution has completed, and provides a means to
-cancel execution. A {@link java.util.concurrent.RunnableFuture} is
-a Future that possesses a <tt>run</tt> method that upon execution,
-sets its results.
-
-<p>
-
-<b>Implementations.</b> Classes {@link
-java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor} and {@link
-java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor} provide tunable,
-flexible thread pools. The {@link java.util.concurrent.Executors}
-class provides factory methods for the most common kinds and
-configurations of Executors, as well as a few utility methods for
-using them. Other utilities based on Executors include the concrete
-class {@link java.util.concurrent.FutureTask} providing a common
-extensible implementation of Futures, and {@link
-java.util.concurrent.ExecutorCompletionService}, that assists in
-coordinating the processing of groups of asynchronous tasks.
-
-<h2>Queues</h2>
-
-The java.util.concurrent {@link
-java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue} class supplies an
-efficient scalable thread-safe non-blocking FIFO queue. Five
-implementations in java.util.concurrent support the extended {@link
-java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue} interface, that defines blocking
-versions of put and take: {@link
-java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue}, {@link
-java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue}, {@link
-java.util.concurrent.SynchronousQueue}, {@link
-java.util.concurrent.PriorityBlockingQueue}, and {@link
-java.util.concurrent.DelayQueue}. The different classes cover the most
-common usage contexts for producer-consumer, messaging, parallel
-tasking, and related concurrent designs. The {@link
-java.util.concurrent.BlockingDeque} interface extends
-<tt>BlockingQueue</tt> to support both FIFO and LIFO (stack-based)
-operations. Class {@link java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingDeque}
-provides an implementation.
-
-
-<h2>Timing</h2>
-
-The {@link java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit} class provides multiple
-granularities (including nanoseconds) for specifying and controlling
-time-out based operations. Most classes in the package contain
-operations based on time-outs in addition to indefinite waits. In all
-cases that time-outs are used, the time-out specifies the minimum time
-that the method should wait before indicating that it
-timed-out. Implementations make a &quot;best effort&quot; to detect
-time-outs as soon as possible after they occur. However, an indefinite
-amount of time may elapse between a time-out being detected and a
-thread actually executing again after that time-out. All methods
-that accept timeout parameters treat values less than or equal to
-zero to mean not to wait at all. To wait "forever", you can use
-a value of <tt>Long.MAX_VALUE</tt>.
-
-<h2>Synchronizers</h2>
-
-Four classes aid common special-purpose synchronization idioms.
-{@link java.util.concurrent.Semaphore} is a classic concurrency tool.
-{@link java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch} is a very simple yet very
-common utility for blocking until a given number of signals, events,
-or conditions hold. A {@link java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier} is a
-resettable multiway synchronization point useful in some styles of
-parallel programming. An {@link java.util.concurrent.Exchanger} allows
-two threads to exchange objects at a rendezvous point, and is useful
-in several pipeline designs.
-
-<h2>Concurrent Collections</h2>
-
-Besides Queues, this package supplies Collection implementations
-designed for use in multithreaded contexts:
-{@link java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap},
-{@link java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentSkipListMap},
-{@link java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentSkipListSet},
-{@link java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList}, and
-{@link java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArraySet}.
-When many threads are expected to access a given collection,
-a <tt>ConcurrentHashMap</tt> is normally preferable to
-a synchronized <tt>HashMap</tt>, and a
-<tt>ConcurrentSkipListMap</tt> is normally preferable
-to a synchronized <tt>TreeMap</tt>. A
-<tt>CopyOnWriteArrayList</tt> is preferable to
-a synchronized <tt>ArrayList</tt> when the expected number of reads
-and traversals greatly outnumber the number of updates to a list.
-
-<p>The "Concurrent" prefix used with some classes in this package is a
-shorthand indicating several differences from similar "synchronized"
-classes. For example <tt>java.util.Hashtable</tt> and
-<tt>Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap())</tt> are
-synchronized. But {@link java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap} is
-"concurrent". A concurrent collection is thread-safe, but not
-governed by a single exclusion lock. In the particular case of
-ConcurrentHashMap, it safely permits any number of concurrent reads as
-well as a tunable number of concurrent writes. "Synchronized" classes
-can be useful when you need to prevent all access to a collection via
-a single lock, at the expense of poorer scalability. In other cases in
-which multiple threads are expected to access a common collection,
-"concurrent" versions are normally preferable. And unsynchronized
-collections are preferable when either collections are unshared, or
-are accessible only when holding other locks.
-
-<p> Most concurrent Collection implementations (including most Queues)
-also differ from the usual java.util conventions in that their Iterators
-provide <em>weakly consistent</em> rather than fast-fail traversal. A
-weakly consistent iterator is thread-safe, but does not necessarily
-freeze the collection while iterating, so it may (or may not) reflect
-any updates since the iterator was created.
-
-<a name="MemoryVisibility">
-<h2> Memory Consistency Properties </h2>
-
-<a href="http://java.sun.com/docs/books/jls/third_edition/html/memory.html">
-Chapter 17 of the Java Language Specification</a> defines the
-<i>happens-before</i> relation on memory operations such as reads and
-writes of shared variables. The results of a write by one thread are
-guaranteed to be visible to a read by another thread only if the write
-operation <i>happens-before</i> the read operation. The
-{@code synchronized} and {@code volatile} constructs, as well as the
-{@code Thread.start()} and {@code Thread.join()} methods, can form
-<i>happens-before</i> relationships. In particular:
-
-<ul>
- <li>Each action in a thread <i>happens-before</i> every action in that
- thread that comes later in the program's order.
-
- <li>An unlock ({@code synchronized} block or method exit) of a
- monitor <i>happens-before</i> every subsequent lock ({@code synchronized}
- block or method entry) of that same monitor. And because
- the <i>happens-before</i> relation is transitive, all actions
- of a thread prior to unlocking <i>happen-before</i> all actions
- subsequent to any thread locking that monitor.
-
- <li>A write to a {@code volatile} field <i>happens-before</i> every
- subsequent read of that same field. Writes and reads of
- {@code volatile} fields have similar memory consistency effects
- as entering and exiting monitors, but do <em>not</em> entail
- mutual exclusion locking.
-
- <li>A call to {@code start} on a thread <i>happens-before</i> any action in the
- started thread.
-
- <li>All actions in a thread <i>happen-before</i> any other thread
- successfully returns from a {@code join} on that thread.
-
-</ul>
-
-
-The methods of all classes in {@code java.util.concurrent} and its
-subpackages extend these guarantees to higher-level
-synchronization. In particular:
-
-<ul>
-
- <li>Actions in a thread prior to placing an object into any concurrent
- collection <i>happen-before</i> actions subsequent to the access or
- removal of that element from the collection in another thread.
-
- <li>Actions in a thread prior to the submission of a {@code Runnable}
- to an {@code Executor} <i>happen-before</i> its execution begins.
- Similarly for {@code Callables} submitted to an {@code ExecutorService}.
-
- <li>Actions taken by the asynchronous computation represented by a
- {@code Future} <i>happen-before</i> actions subsequent to the
- retrieval of the result via {@code Future.get()} in another thread.
-
- <li>Actions prior to "releasing" synchronizer methods such as
- {@code Lock.unlock}, {@code Semaphore.release}, and
- {@code CountDownLatch.countDown} <i>happen-before</i> actions
- subsequent to a successful "acquiring" method such as
- {@code Lock.lock}, {@code Semaphore.acquire},
- {@code Condition.await}, and {@code CountDownLatch.await} on the
- same synchronizer object in another thread.
-
- <li>For each pair of threads that successfully exchange objects via
- an {@code Exchanger}, actions prior to the {@code exchange()}
- in each thread <i>happen-before</i> those subsequent to the
- corresponding {@code exchange()} in another thread.
-
- <li>Actions prior to calling {@code CyclicBarrier.await}
- <i>happen-before</i> actions performed by the barrier action, and
- actions performed by the barrier action <i>happen-before</i> actions
- subsequent to a successful return from the corresponding {@code await}
- in other threads.
-
-</ul>
-
-@since 1.5
-
-</body> </html>
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