path: root/gdb/findvar.c

/* Find a variable's value in memory, for GDB, the GNU debugger.

   Copyright (C) 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995,
   1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008
   Free Software Foundation, Inc.

   This file is part of GDB.

   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.

   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */

#include "defs.h"
#include "symtab.h"
#include "gdbtypes.h"
#include "frame.h"
#include "value.h"
#include "gdbcore.h"
#include "inferior.h"
#include "target.h"
#include "gdb_string.h"
#include "gdb_assert.h"
#include "floatformat.h"
#include "symfile.h"		/* for overlay functions */
#include "regcache.h"
#include "user-regs.h"
#include "block.h"

/* Basic byte-swapping routines.  GDB has needed these for a long time...
   All extract a target-format integer at ADDR which is LEN bytes long.  */

#if TARGET_CHAR_BIT != 8 || HOST_CHAR_BIT != 8
  /* 8 bit characters are a pretty safe assumption these days, so we
     assume it throughout all these swapping routines.  If we had to deal with
     9 bit characters, we would need to make len be in bits and would have
     to re-write these routines...  */
you lose
#endif

LONGEST
extract_signed_integer (const gdb_byte *addr, int len)
{
  LONGEST retval;
  const unsigned char *p;
  const unsigned char *startaddr = addr;
  const unsigned char *endaddr = startaddr + len;

  if (len > (int) sizeof (LONGEST))
    error (_("\
That operation is not available on integers of more than %d bytes."),
	   (int) sizeof (LONGEST));

  /* Start at the most significant end of the integer, and work towards
     the least significant.  */
  if (gdbarch_byte_order (current_gdbarch) == BFD_ENDIAN_BIG)
    {
      p = startaddr;
      /* Do the sign extension once at the start.  */
      retval = ((LONGEST) * p ^ 0x80) - 0x80;
      for (++p; p < endaddr; ++p)
	retval = (retval << 8) | *p;
    }
  else
    {
      p = endaddr - 1;
      /* Do the sign extension once at the start.  */
      retval = ((LONGEST) * p ^ 0x80) - 0x80;
      for (--p; p >= startaddr; --p)
	retval = (retval << 8) | *p;
    }
  return retval;
}

ULONGEST
extract_unsigned_integer (const gdb_byte *addr, int len)
{
  ULONGEST retval;
  const unsigned char *p;
  const unsigned char *startaddr = addr;
  const unsigned char *endaddr = startaddr + len;

  if (len > (int) sizeof (ULONGEST))
    error (_("\
That operation is not available on integers of more than %d bytes."),
	   (int) sizeof (ULONGEST));

  /* Start at the most significant end of the integer, and work towards
     the least significant.  */
  retval = 0;
  if (gdbarch_byte_order (current_gdbarch) == BFD_ENDIAN_BIG)
    {
      for (p = startaddr; p < endaddr; ++p)
	retval = (retval << 8) | *p;
    }
  else
    {
      for (p = endaddr - 1; p >= startaddr; --p)
	retval = (retval << 8) | *p;
    }
  return retval;
}

/* Sometimes a long long unsigned integer can be extracted as a
   LONGEST value.  This is done so that we can print these values
   better.  If this integer can be converted to a LONGEST, this
   function returns 1 and sets *PVAL.  Otherwise it returns 0.  */

int
extract_long_unsigned_integer (const gdb_byte *addr, int orig_len,
			       LONGEST *pval)
{
  const gdb_byte *p;
  const gdb_byte *first_addr;
  int len;

  len = orig_len;
  if (gdbarch_byte_order (current_gdbarch) == BFD_ENDIAN_BIG)
    {
      for (p = addr;
	   len > (int) sizeof (LONGEST) && p < addr + orig_len;
	   p++)
	{
	  if (*p == 0)
	    len--;
	  else
	    break;
	}
      first_addr = p;
    }
  else
    {
      first_addr = addr;
      for (p = addr + orig_len - 1;
	   len > (int) sizeof (LONGEST) && p >= addr;
	   p--)
	{
	  if (*p == 0)
	    len--;
	  else
	    break;
	}
    }

  if (len <= (int) sizeof (LONGEST))
    {
      *pval = (LONGEST) extract_unsigned_integer (first_addr,
						  sizeof (LONGEST));
      return 1;
    }

  return 0;
}


/* Treat the bytes at BUF as a pointer of type TYPE, and return the
   address it represents.  */
CORE_ADDR
extract_typed_address (const gdb_byte *buf, struct type *type)
{
  if (TYPE_CODE (type) != TYPE_CODE_PTR
      && TYPE_CODE (type) != TYPE_CODE_REF)
    internal_error (__FILE__, __LINE__,
		    _("extract_typed_address: "
		    "type is not a pointer or reference"));

  return gdbarch_pointer_to_address (current_gdbarch, type, buf);
}


void
store_signed_integer (gdb_byte *addr, int len, LONGEST val)
{
  gdb_byte *p;
  gdb_byte *startaddr = addr;
  gdb_byte *endaddr = startaddr + len;

  /* Start at the least significant end of the integer, and work towards
     the most significant.  */
  if (gdbarch_byte_order (current_gdbarch) == BFD_ENDIAN_BIG)
    {
      for (p = endaddr - 1; p >= startaddr; --p)
	{
	  *p = val & 0xff;
	  val >>= 8;
	}
    }
  else
    {
      for (p = startaddr; p < endaddr; ++p)
	{
	  *p = val & 0xff;
	  val >>= 8;
	}
    }
}

void
store_unsigned_integer (gdb_byte *addr, int len, ULONGEST val)
{
  unsigned char *p;
  unsigned char *startaddr = (unsigned char *) addr;
  unsigned char *endaddr = startaddr + len;

  /* Start at the least significant end of the integer, and work towards
     the most significant.  */
  if (gdbarch_byte_order (current_gdbarch) == BFD_ENDIAN_BIG)
    {
      for (p = endaddr - 1; p >= startaddr; --p)
	{
	  *p = val & 0xff;
	  val >>= 8;
	}
    }
  else
    {
      for (p = startaddr; p < endaddr; ++p)
	{
	  *p = val & 0xff;
	  val >>= 8;
	}
    }
}

/* Store the address ADDR as a pointer of type TYPE at BUF, in target
   form.  */
void
store_typed_address (gdb_byte *buf, struct type *type, CORE_ADDR addr)
{
  if (TYPE_CODE (type) != TYPE_CODE_PTR
      && TYPE_CODE (type) != TYPE_CODE_REF)
    internal_error (__FILE__, __LINE__,
		    _("store_typed_address: "
		    "type is not a pointer or reference"));

  gdbarch_address_to_pointer (current_gdbarch, type, buf, addr);
}



/* Return a `value' with the contents of (virtual or cooked) register
   REGNUM as found in the specified FRAME.  The register's type is
   determined by register_type().  */

struct value *
value_of_register (int regnum, struct frame_info *frame)
{
  struct gdbarch *gdbarch = get_frame_arch (frame);
  CORE_ADDR addr;
  int optim;
  struct value *reg_val;
  int realnum;
  gdb_byte raw_buffer[MAX_REGISTER_SIZE];
  enum lval_type lval;

  /* User registers lie completely outside of the range of normal
     registers.  Catch them early so that the target never sees them.  */
  if (regnum >= gdbarch_num_regs (gdbarch)
		+ gdbarch_num_pseudo_regs (gdbarch))
    return value_of_user_reg (regnum, frame);

  frame_register (frame, regnum, &optim, &lval, &addr, &realnum, raw_buffer);

  reg_val = allocate_value (register_type (gdbarch, regnum));

  memcpy (value_contents_raw (reg_val), raw_buffer,
	  register_size (gdbarch, regnum));
  VALUE_LVAL (reg_val) = lval;
  VALUE_ADDRESS (reg_val) = addr;
  VALUE_REGNUM (reg_val) = regnum;
  set_value_optimized_out (reg_val, optim);
  VALUE_FRAME_ID (reg_val) = get_frame_id (frame);
  return reg_val;
}

/* Return a `value' with the contents of (virtual or cooked) register
   REGNUM as found in the specified FRAME.  The register's type is
   determined by register_type().  The value is not fetched.  */

struct value *
value_of_register_lazy (struct frame_info *frame, int regnum)
{
  struct gdbarch *gdbarch = get_frame_arch (frame);
  struct value *reg_val;

  gdb_assert (regnum < (gdbarch_num_regs (gdbarch)
			+ gdbarch_num_pseudo_regs (gdbarch)));

  /* We should have a valid (i.e. non-sentinel) frame.  */
  gdb_assert (frame_id_p (get_frame_id (frame)));

  reg_val = allocate_value (register_type (gdbarch, regnum));
  VALUE_LVAL (reg_val) = lval_register;
  VALUE_REGNUM (reg_val) = regnum;
  VALUE_FRAME_ID (reg_val) = get_frame_id (frame);
  set_value_lazy (reg_val, 1);
  return reg_val;
}

/* Given a pointer of type TYPE in target form in BUF, return the
   address it represents.  */
CORE_ADDR
unsigned_pointer_to_address (struct type *type, const gdb_byte *buf)
{
  return extract_unsigned_integer (buf, TYPE_LENGTH (type));
}

CORE_ADDR
signed_pointer_to_address (struct type *type, const gdb_byte *buf)
{
  return extract_signed_integer (buf, TYPE_LENGTH (type));
}

/* Given an address, store it as a pointer of type TYPE in target
   format in BUF.  */
void
unsigned_address_to_pointer (struct type *type, gdb_byte *buf,
			     CORE_ADDR addr)
{
  store_unsigned_integer (buf, TYPE_LENGTH (type), addr);
}

void
address_to_signed_pointer (struct type *type, gdb_byte *buf, CORE_ADDR addr)
{
  store_signed_integer (buf, TYPE_LENGTH (type), addr);
}

/* Will calling read_var_value or locate_var_value on SYM end
   up caring what frame it is being evaluated relative to?  SYM must
   be non-NULL.  */
int
symbol_read_needs_frame (struct symbol *sym)
{
  switch (SYMBOL_CLASS (sym))
    {
      /* All cases listed explicitly so that gcc -Wall will detect it if
         we failed to consider one.  */
    case LOC_COMPUTED:
    case LOC_COMPUTED_ARG:
      /* FIXME: cagney/2004-01-26: It should be possible to
	 unconditionally call the SYMBOL_OPS method when available.
	 Unfortunately DWARF 2 stores the frame-base (instead of the
	 function) location in a function's symbol.  Oops!  For the
	 moment enable this when/where applicable.  */
      return SYMBOL_OPS (sym)->read_needs_frame (sym);

    case LOC_REGISTER:
    case LOC_ARG:
    case LOC_REF_ARG:
    case LOC_REGPARM:
    case LOC_REGPARM_ADDR:
    case LOC_LOCAL:
    case LOC_LOCAL_ARG:
    case LOC_BASEREG:
    case LOC_BASEREG_ARG:
    case LOC_HP_THREAD_LOCAL_STATIC:
      return 1;

    case LOC_UNDEF:
    case LOC_CONST:
    case LOC_STATIC:
    case LOC_INDIRECT:
    case LOC_TYPEDEF:

    case LOC_LABEL:
      /* Getting the address of a label can be done independently of the block,
         even if some *uses* of that address wouldn't work so well without
         the right frame.  */

    case LOC_BLOCK:
    case LOC_CONST_BYTES:
    case LOC_UNRESOLVED:
    case LOC_OPTIMIZED_OUT:
      return 0;
    }
  return 1;
}

/* Given a struct symbol for a variable,
   and a stack frame id, read the value of the variable
   and return a (pointer to a) struct value containing the value. 
   If the variable cannot be found, return a zero pointer.
   If FRAME is NULL, use the selected frame.  */

struct value *
read_var_value (struct symbol *var, struct frame_info *frame)
{
  struct value *v;
  struct type *type = SYMBOL_TYPE (var);
  CORE_ADDR addr;
  int len;

  if (SYMBOL_CLASS (var) == LOC_COMPUTED
      || SYMBOL_CLASS (var) == LOC_COMPUTED_ARG
      || SYMBOL_CLASS (var) == LOC_REGISTER
      || SYMBOL_CLASS (var) == LOC_REGPARM)
    /* These cases do not use V.  */
    v = NULL;
  else
    {
      v = allocate_value (type);
      VALUE_LVAL (v) = lval_memory;	/* The most likely possibility.  */
    }

  len = TYPE_LENGTH (type);

  /* FIXME drow/2003-09-06: this call to the selected frame should be
     pushed upwards to the callers.  */
  if (frame == NULL)
    frame = deprecated_safe_get_selected_frame ();

  switch (SYMBOL_CLASS (var))
    {
    case LOC_CONST:
      /* Put the constant back in target format.  */
      store_signed_integer (value_contents_raw (v), len,
			    (LONGEST) SYMBOL_VALUE (var));
      VALUE_LVAL (v) = not_lval;
      return v;

    case LOC_LABEL:
      /* Put the constant back in target format.  */
      if (overlay_debugging)
	{
	  CORE_ADDR addr
	    = symbol_overlayed_address (SYMBOL_VALUE_ADDRESS (var),
					SYMBOL_BFD_SECTION (var));
	  store_typed_address (value_contents_raw (v), type, addr);
	}
      else
	store_typed_address (value_contents_raw (v), type,
			      SYMBOL_VALUE_ADDRESS (var));
      VALUE_LVAL (v) = not_lval;
      return v;

    case LOC_CONST_BYTES:
      {
	memcpy (value_contents_raw (v), SYMBOL_VALUE_BYTES (var), len);
	VALUE_LVAL (v) = not_lval;
	return v;
      }

    case LOC_STATIC:
      if (overlay_debugging)
	addr = symbol_overlayed_address (SYMBOL_VALUE_ADDRESS (var),
					 SYMBOL_BFD_SECTION (var));
      else
	addr = SYMBOL_VALUE_ADDRESS (var);
      break;

    case LOC_INDIRECT:
      {
	/* The import slot does not have a real address in it from the
	   dynamic loader (dld.sl on HP-UX), if the target hasn't
	   begun execution yet, so check for that. */
	CORE_ADDR locaddr;
	struct value *loc;
	if (!target_has_execution)
	  error (_("\
Attempt to access variable defined in different shared object or load module when\n\
addresses have not been bound by the dynamic loader. Try again when executable is running."));

	locaddr = SYMBOL_VALUE_ADDRESS (var);
	loc = value_at (lookup_pointer_type (type), locaddr);
	addr = value_as_address (loc);
	break;
      }

    case LOC_ARG:
      if (frame == NULL)
	return 0;
      addr = get_frame_args_address (frame);
      if (!addr)
	return 0;
      addr += SYMBOL_VALUE (var);
      break;

    case LOC_REF_ARG:
      {
	struct value *ref;
	CORE_ADDR argref;
	if (frame == NULL)
	  return 0;
	argref = get_frame_args_address (frame);
	if (!argref)
	  return 0;
	argref += SYMBOL_VALUE (var);
	ref = value_at (lookup_pointer_type (type), argref);
	addr = value_as_address (ref);
	break;
      }

    case LOC_LOCAL:
    case LOC_LOCAL_ARG:
      if (frame == NULL)
	return 0;
      addr = get_frame_locals_address (frame);
      addr += SYMBOL_VALUE (var);
      break;

    case LOC_BASEREG:
    case LOC_BASEREG_ARG:
    case LOC_HP_THREAD_LOCAL_STATIC:
      {
	struct value *regval;

	regval = value_from_register (lookup_pointer_type (type),
				      SYMBOL_BASEREG (var), frame);
	if (regval == NULL)
	  error (_("Value of base register not available."));
	addr = value_as_address (regval);
	addr += SYMBOL_VALUE (var);
	break;
      }

    case LOC_TYPEDEF:
      error (_("Cannot look up value of a typedef"));
      break;

    case LOC_BLOCK:
      if (overlay_debugging)
	VALUE_ADDRESS (v) = symbol_overlayed_address
	  (BLOCK_START (SYMBOL_BLOCK_VALUE (var)), SYMBOL_BFD_SECTION (var));
      else
	VALUE_ADDRESS (v) = BLOCK_START (SYMBOL_BLOCK_VALUE (var));
      return v;

    case LOC_REGISTER:
    case LOC_REGPARM:
    case LOC_REGPARM_ADDR:
      {
	struct block *b;
	int regno = SYMBOL_VALUE (var);
	struct value *regval;

	if (frame == NULL)
	  return 0;
	b = get_frame_block (frame, 0);

	if (SYMBOL_CLASS (var) == LOC_REGPARM_ADDR)
	  {
	    regval = value_from_register (lookup_pointer_type (type),
					  regno,
					  frame);

	    if (regval == NULL)
	      error (_("Value of register variable not available."));

	    addr = value_as_address (regval);
	    VALUE_LVAL (v) = lval_memory;
	  }
	else
	  {
	    regval = value_from_register (type, regno, frame);

	    if (regval == NULL)
	      error (_("Value of register variable not available."));
	    return regval;
	  }
      }
      break;

    case LOC_COMPUTED:
    case LOC_COMPUTED_ARG:
      /* FIXME: cagney/2004-01-26: It should be possible to
	 unconditionally call the SYMBOL_OPS method when available.
	 Unfortunately DWARF 2 stores the frame-base (instead of the
	 function) location in a function's symbol.  Oops!  For the
	 moment enable this when/where applicable.  */
      if (frame == 0 && SYMBOL_OPS (var)->read_needs_frame (var))
	return 0;
      return SYMBOL_OPS (var)->read_variable (var, frame);

    case LOC_UNRESOLVED:
      {
	struct minimal_symbol *msym;

	msym = lookup_minimal_symbol (DEPRECATED_SYMBOL_NAME (var), NULL, NULL);
	if (msym == NULL)
	  return 0;
	if (overlay_debugging)
	  addr = symbol_overlayed_address (SYMBOL_VALUE_ADDRESS (msym),
					   SYMBOL_BFD_SECTION (msym));
	else
	  addr = SYMBOL_VALUE_ADDRESS (msym);
      }
      break;

    case LOC_OPTIMIZED_OUT:
      VALUE_LVAL (v) = not_lval;
      set_value_optimized_out (v, 1);
      return v;

    default:
      error (_("Cannot look up value of a botched symbol."));
      break;
    }

  VALUE_ADDRESS (v) = addr;
  set_value_lazy (v, 1);
  return v;
}

/* Install default attributes for register values.  */

struct value *
default_value_from_register (struct type *type, int regnum,
			     struct frame_info *frame)
{
  struct gdbarch *gdbarch = get_frame_arch (frame);
  int len = TYPE_LENGTH (type);
  struct value *value = allocate_value (type);

  VALUE_LVAL (value) = lval_register;
  VALUE_FRAME_ID (value) = get_frame_id (frame);
  VALUE_REGNUM (value) = regnum;

  /* Any structure stored in more than one register will always be
     an integral number of registers.  Otherwise, you need to do
     some fiddling with the last register copied here for little
     endian machines.  */
  if (gdbarch_byte_order (gdbarch) == BFD_ENDIAN_BIG
      && len < register_size (gdbarch, regnum))
    /* Big-endian, and we want less than full size.  */
    set_value_offset (value, register_size (gdbarch, regnum) - len);
  else
    set_value_offset (value, 0);

  return value;
}

/* Return a value of type TYPE, stored in register REGNUM, in frame FRAME.  */

struct value *
value_from_register (struct type *type, int regnum, struct frame_info *frame)
{
  struct gdbarch *gdbarch = get_frame_arch (frame);
  struct type *type1 = check_typedef (type);
  struct value *v;

  if (gdbarch_convert_register_p (gdbarch, regnum, type1))
    {
      /* The ISA/ABI need to something weird when obtaining the
         specified value from this register.  It might need to
         re-order non-adjacent, starting with REGNUM (see MIPS and
         i386).  It might need to convert the [float] register into
         the corresponding [integer] type (see Alpha).  The assumption
         is that gdbarch_register_to_value populates the entire value
         including the location.  */
      v = allocate_value (type);
      VALUE_LVAL (v) = lval_register;
      VALUE_FRAME_ID (v) = get_frame_id (frame);
      VALUE_REGNUM (v) = regnum;
      gdbarch_register_to_value (gdbarch,
				 frame, regnum, type1, value_contents_raw (v));
    }
  else
    {
      int len = TYPE_LENGTH (type);

      /* Construct the value.  */
      v = gdbarch_value_from_register (gdbarch, type, regnum, frame);

      /* Get the data.  */
      if (!get_frame_register_bytes (frame, regnum, value_offset (v), len,
				     value_contents_raw (v)))
	set_value_optimized_out (v, 1);
    }
  return v;
}

/* Return contents of register REGNUM in frame FRAME as address,
   interpreted as value of type TYPE.   Will abort if register
   value is not available.  */

CORE_ADDR
address_from_register (struct type *type, int regnum, struct frame_info *frame)
{
  struct value *value;
  CORE_ADDR result;

  value = value_from_register (type, regnum, frame);
  gdb_assert (value);

  result = value_as_address (value);
  release_value (value);
  value_free (value);

  return result;
}


/* Given a struct symbol for a variable or function,
   and a stack frame id, 
   return a (pointer to a) struct value containing the properly typed
   address.  */

struct value *
locate_var_value (struct symbol *var, struct frame_info *frame)
{
  struct gdbarch *gdbarch = get_frame_arch (frame);
  CORE_ADDR addr = 0;
  struct type *type = SYMBOL_TYPE (var);
  struct value *lazy_value;

  /* Evaluate it first; if the result is a memory address, we're fine.
     Lazy evaluation pays off here. */

  lazy_value = read_var_value (var, frame);
  if (lazy_value == 0)
    error (_("Address of \"%s\" is unknown."), SYMBOL_PRINT_NAME (var));

  if ((VALUE_LVAL (lazy_value) == lval_memory && value_lazy (lazy_value))
      || TYPE_CODE (type) == TYPE_CODE_FUNC)
    {
      struct value *val;

      addr = VALUE_ADDRESS (lazy_value);
      val = value_from_pointer (lookup_pointer_type (type), addr);
      return val;
    }

  /* Not a memory address; check what the problem was.  */
  switch (VALUE_LVAL (lazy_value))
    {
    case lval_register:
      gdb_assert (gdbarch_register_name
		   (gdbarch, VALUE_REGNUM (lazy_value)) != NULL
		  && *gdbarch_register_name
		    (gdbarch, VALUE_REGNUM (lazy_value)) != '\0');
      error (_("Address requested for identifier "
	       "\"%s\" which is in register $%s"),
            SYMBOL_PRINT_NAME (var), 
	    gdbarch_register_name (gdbarch, VALUE_REGNUM (lazy_value)));
      break;

    default:
      error (_("Can't take address of \"%s\" which isn't an lvalue."),
	     SYMBOL_PRINT_NAME (var));
      break;
    }
  return 0;			/* For lint -- never reached */
}