summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/package/genext2fs/0001-update-genext2fs.c-to-rev-1.118.patch
blob: 755ee9dee273d1ed371c9450bd9d797f03d7843c (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
2070
2071
2072
2073
2074
2075
2076
2077
2078
2079
2080
2081
2082
2083
2084
2085
2086
2087
2088
2089
2090
2091
2092
2093
2094
2095
2096
2097
2098
2099
2100
2101
2102
2103
2104
2105
2106
2107
2108
2109
2110
2111
2112
2113
2114
2115
2116
2117
2118
2119
2120
2121
2122
2123
2124
2125
2126
2127
2128
2129
2130
2131
2132
2133
2134
2135
2136
2137
2138
2139
2140
2141
2142
2143
2144
2145
2146
2147
2148
2149
2150
2151
2152
2153
2154
2155
2156
2157
2158
2159
2160
2161
2162
2163
2164
2165
2166
2167
2168
2169
2170
2171
2172
2173
2174
2175
2176
2177
2178
2179
2180
2181
2182
2183
2184
2185
2186
2187
2188
2189
2190
2191
2192
2193
2194
2195
2196
2197
2198
2199
2200
2201
2202
2203
2204
2205
2206
2207
2208
2209
2210
2211
2212
2213
2214
2215
2216
2217
2218
2219
2220
2221
2222
2223
2224
2225
2226
2227
2228
2229
2230
2231
2232
2233
2234
2235
2236
2237
2238
2239
2240
2241
2242
2243
2244
2245
2246
2247
2248
2249
2250
2251
2252
2253
2254
2255
2256
2257
2258
2259
2260
2261
2262
2263
2264
2265
2266
2267
2268
2269
2270
2271
2272
2273
2274
2275
2276
2277
2278
2279
2280
2281
2282
2283
2284
2285
2286
2287
2288
2289
2290
2291
2292
2293
2294
2295
2296
2297
2298
2299
2300
2301
2302
2303
2304
2305
2306
2307
2308
2309
2310
2311
2312
2313
2314
2315
2316
2317
2318
2319
2320
2321
2322
2323
2324
2325
2326
2327
2328
2329
2330
2331
2332
2333
2334
2335
2336
2337
2338
2339
2340
2341
2342
2343
2344
2345
2346
2347
2348
2349
2350
2351
2352
2353
2354
2355
2356
2357
2358
2359
2360
2361
2362
2363
2364
2365
2366
2367
2368
2369
2370
2371
2372
2373
2374
2375
2376
2377
2378
2379
2380
2381
2382
2383
2384
2385
2386
2387
2388
2389
2390
2391
2392
2393
2394
2395
2396
2397
2398
2399
2400
2401
2402
2403
2404
2405
2406
2407
2408
2409
2410
2411
2412
2413
2414
2415
2416
2417
2418
2419
2420
2421
2422
2423
2424
2425
2426
2427
2428
2429
2430
2431
2432
2433
2434
2435
2436
2437
2438
2439
2440
2441
2442
2443
2444
2445
2446
2447
2448
2449
2450
2451
2452
2453
2454
2455
2456
2457
2458
2459
2460
2461
2462
2463
2464
2465
2466
2467
2468
2469
2470
2471
2472
2473
2474
2475
2476
2477
2478
2479
2480
2481
2482
2483
2484
2485
2486
2487
2488
2489
2490
2491
2492
2493
2494
2495
2496
2497
2498
2499
2500
2501
2502
2503
2504
2505
2506
2507
2508
2509
2510
2511
2512
2513
2514
2515
2516
2517
2518
2519
2520
2521
2522
2523
2524
2525
2526
2527
2528
2529
2530
2531
2532
2533
2534
2535
2536
2537
2538
2539
2540
2541
2542
2543
2544
2545
2546
2547
2548
2549
2550
2551
2552
2553
2554
2555
2556
2557
2558
2559
2560
2561
2562
2563
2564
2565
2566
2567
2568
2569
2570
2571
2572
2573
2574
2575
2576
2577
2578
2579
2580
2581
2582
2583
2584
2585
2586
2587
2588
2589
2590
2591
2592
2593
2594
2595
2596
2597
2598
2599
2600
2601
2602
2603
2604
2605
2606
2607
2608
2609
2610
2611
2612
2613
2614
2615
2616
2617
2618
2619
2620
2621
2622
2623
2624
2625
2626
2627
2628
2629
2630
2631
2632
2633
2634
2635
2636
2637
2638
2639
2640
2641
2642
2643
2644
2645
2646
2647
2648
2649
2650
2651
2652
2653
2654
2655
2656
2657
2658
2659
2660
2661
2662
2663
2664
2665
2666
2667
2668
2669
2670
2671
2672
2673
2674
2675
2676
2677
2678
2679
2680
2681
2682
2683
2684
2685
2686
2687
2688
2689
2690
2691
2692
2693
2694
2695
2696
2697
2698
2699
2700
2701
2702
2703
2704
2705
2706
2707
2708
2709
2710
2711
2712
2713
2714
2715
2716
2717
2718
2719
2720
2721
2722
2723
2724
2725
2726
2727
2728
2729
2730
2731
2732
2733
2734
2735
2736
2737
2738
2739
2740
2741
2742
2743
2744
2745
2746
2747
2748
2749
2750
2751
2752
2753
2754
2755
2756
2757
2758
2759
2760
2761
2762
2763
2764
2765
2766
2767
2768
2769
2770
2771
2772
2773
2774
2775
2776
2777
2778
2779
2780
2781
2782
2783
2784
2785
2786
2787
2788
2789
2790
2791
2792
2793
2794
2795
2796
2797
2798
2799
2800
2801
2802
2803
2804
2805
2806
2807
2808
2809
2810
2811
2812
2813
2814
2815
2816
2817
2818
2819
2820
2821
2822
2823
2824
2825
2826
2827
2828
2829
2830
2831
2832
2833
2834
2835
2836
2837
2838
2839
2840
2841
2842
2843
2844
2845
2846
2847
2848
2849
2850
2851
2852
2853
2854
2855
2856
2857
2858
2859
2860
2861
2862
2863
2864
2865
2866
2867
2868
2869
2870
2871
2872
2873
2874
2875
2876
2877
2878
2879
2880
2881
2882
2883
2884
2885
2886
2887
2888
2889
2890
2891
2892
2893
2894
2895
2896
2897
2898
2899
2900
2901
2902
2903
2904
2905
2906
2907
2908
2909
2910
2911
2912
2913
2914
2915
2916
2917
2918
2919
2920
2921
2922
2923
2924
2925
2926
2927
2928
2929
2930
2931
2932
2933
2934
2935
2936
2937
2938
2939
2940
2941
2942
2943
2944
2945
2946
2947
2948
2949
2950
2951
2952
2953
2954
2955
2956
2957
2958
2959
2960
2961
2962
2963
2964
2965
2966
2967
2968
2969
2970
2971
[PATCH] update genext2fs.c to CVS rev 1.118

See http://genext2fs.cvs.sourceforge.net/viewvc/genext2fs/genext2fs/genext2fs.c?view=log
for details.

Numerous bugfixes, large file and filesystem support, rev 1 filesystems,
volume id support, block size, ..

Signed-off-by: Peter Korsgaard <jacmet@sunsite.dk>
---
 cache.h     |  128 ++++
 genext2fs.c | 1870 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------
 list.h      |   78 ++
 3 files changed, 1527 insertions(+), 549 deletions(-)

Index: genext2fs-1.4.1/genext2fs.c
===================================================================
--- genext2fs-1.4.1.orig/genext2fs.c
+++ genext2fs-1.4.1/genext2fs.c
@@ -53,6 +53,12 @@
 // 			along with -q, -P, -U
 
 
+/*
+ * Allow fseeko/off_t to be 64-bit offsets to allow filesystems and
+ * individual files >2GB.
+ */
+#define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
+
 #include <config.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 
@@ -107,10 +113,8 @@
 
 #if HAVE_DIRENT_H
 # include <dirent.h>
-# define NAMLEN(dirent) strlen((dirent)->d_name)
 #else
 # define dirent direct
-# define NAMLEN(dirent) (dirent)->d_namlen
 # if HAVE_SYS_NDIR_H
 #  include <sys/ndir.h>
 # endif
@@ -144,6 +148,8 @@
 # include <limits.h>
 #endif
 
+#include "cache.h"
+
 struct stats {
 	unsigned long nblocks;
 	unsigned long ninodes;
@@ -151,13 +157,42 @@
 
 // block size
 
-#define BLOCKSIZE         1024
+static int blocksize = 1024;
+
+#define SUPERBLOCK_OFFSET	1024
+#define SUPERBLOCK_SIZE		1024
+
+#define BLOCKSIZE         blocksize
 #define BLOCKS_PER_GROUP  8192
 #define INODES_PER_GROUP  8192
 /* Percentage of blocks that are reserved.*/
 #define RESERVED_BLOCKS       5/100
 #define MAX_RESERVED_BLOCKS  25/100
 
+/* The default value for s_creator_os. */
+#if defined(__linux__)    &&    defined(EXT2_OS_LINUX)
+#define CREATOR_OS EXT2_OS_LINUX
+#define CREATOR_OS_NAME "linux"
+#else
+#if defined(__GNU__)     &&     defined(EXT2_OS_HURD)
+#define CREATOR_OS EXT2_OS_HURD
+#define CREATOR_OS_NAME "hurd"
+#else
+#if defined(__FreeBSD__) &&     defined(EXT2_OS_FREEBSD)
+#define CREATOR_OS EXT2_OS_FREEBSD
+#define CREATOR_OS_NAME "freebsd"
+#else
+#if defined(LITES)         &&   defined(EXT2_OS_LITES)
+#define CREATOR_OS EXT2_OS_LITES
+#define CREATOR_OS_NAME "lites"
+#else
+#define CREATOR_OS EXT2_OS_LINUX /* by default */
+#define CREATOR_OS_NAME "linux"
+#endif /* defined(LITES) && defined(EXT2_OS_LITES) */
+#endif /* defined(__FreeBSD__) && defined(EXT2_OS_FREEBSD) */
+#endif /* defined(__GNU__)     && defined(EXT2_OS_HURD) */
+#endif /* defined(__linux__)   && defined(EXT2_OS_LINUX) */
+
 
 // inode block size (why is it != BLOCKSIZE ?!?)
 /* The field i_blocks in the ext2 inode stores the number of data blocks
@@ -190,6 +225,14 @@
 #define EXT2_TIND_BLOCK    14                    // triple indirect block
 #define EXT2_INIT_BLOCK    0xFFFFFFFF            // just initialized (not really a block address)
 
+// codes for operating systems
+
+#define EXT2_OS_LINUX           0
+#define EXT2_OS_HURD            1
+#define EXT2_OS_MASIX           2
+#define EXT2_OS_FREEBSD         3
+#define EXT2_OS_LITES           4
+
 // end of a block walk
 
 #define WALK_END           0xFFFFFFFE
@@ -227,44 +270,46 @@
 #define FM_IWOTH   0000002	// write
 #define FM_IXOTH   0000001	// execute
 
-// options
-
-#define OP_HOLES     0x01       // make files with holes
-
 /* Defines for accessing group details */
 
 // Number of groups in the filesystem
 #define GRP_NBGROUPS(fs) \
-	(((fs)->sb.s_blocks_count - fs->sb.s_first_data_block + \
-	  (fs)->sb.s_blocks_per_group - 1) / (fs)->sb.s_blocks_per_group)
+	(((fs)->sb->s_blocks_count - fs->sb->s_first_data_block + \
+	  (fs)->sb->s_blocks_per_group - 1) / (fs)->sb->s_blocks_per_group)
 
 // Get group block bitmap (bbm) given the group number
-#define GRP_GET_GROUP_BBM(fs,grp) ( get_blk((fs),(fs)->gd[(grp)].bg_block_bitmap) )
+#define GRP_GET_GROUP_BBM(fs,grp,bi) (get_blk((fs),(grp)->bg_block_bitmap,(bi)))
+#define GRP_PUT_GROUP_BBM(bi) ( put_blk((bi)) )
 
 // Get group inode bitmap (ibm) given the group number
-#define GRP_GET_GROUP_IBM(fs,grp) ( get_blk((fs),(fs)->gd[(grp)].bg_inode_bitmap) )
-		
+#define GRP_GET_GROUP_IBM(fs,grp,bi) (get_blk((fs), (grp)->bg_inode_bitmap,(bi)))
+#define GRP_PUT_GROUP_IBM(bi) ( put_blk((bi)) )
+
 // Given an inode number find the group it belongs to
-#define GRP_GROUP_OF_INODE(fs,nod) ( ((nod)-1) / (fs)->sb.s_inodes_per_group)
+#define GRP_GROUP_OF_INODE(fs,nod) ( ((nod)-1) / (fs)->sb->s_inodes_per_group)
 
 //Given an inode number get the inode bitmap that covers it
-#define GRP_GET_INODE_BITMAP(fs,nod) \
-	( GRP_GET_GROUP_IBM((fs),GRP_GROUP_OF_INODE((fs),(nod))) )
+#define GRP_GET_INODE_BITMAP(fs,nod,bi,gi)				\
+	( GRP_GET_GROUP_IBM((fs),get_gd(fs,GRP_GROUP_OF_INODE((fs),(nod)),gi),bi) )
+#define GRP_PUT_INODE_BITMAP(bi,gi)		\
+	( GRP_PUT_GROUP_IBM((bi)),put_gd((gi)) )
 
 //Given an inode number find its offset within the inode bitmap that covers it
 #define GRP_IBM_OFFSET(fs,nod) \
-	( (nod) - GRP_GROUP_OF_INODE((fs),(nod))*(fs)->sb.s_inodes_per_group )
+	( (nod) - GRP_GROUP_OF_INODE((fs),(nod))*(fs)->sb->s_inodes_per_group )
 
 // Given a block number find the group it belongs to
-#define GRP_GROUP_OF_BLOCK(fs,blk) ( ((blk)-1) / (fs)->sb.s_blocks_per_group)
+#define GRP_GROUP_OF_BLOCK(fs,blk) ( ((blk)-1) / (fs)->sb->s_blocks_per_group)
 	
-//Given a block number get the block bitmap that covers it
-#define GRP_GET_BLOCK_BITMAP(fs,blk) \
-	( GRP_GET_GROUP_BBM((fs),GRP_GROUP_OF_BLOCK((fs),(blk))) )
+//Given a block number get/put the block bitmap that covers it
+#define GRP_GET_BLOCK_BITMAP(fs,blk,bi,gi)				\
+	( GRP_GET_GROUP_BBM((fs),get_gd(fs,GRP_GROUP_OF_BLOCK((fs),(blk)),(gi)),(bi)) )
+#define GRP_PUT_BLOCK_BITMAP(bi,gi)		\
+	( GRP_PUT_GROUP_BBM((bi)),put_gd((gi)) )
 
 //Given a block number find its offset within the block bitmap that covers it
 #define GRP_BBM_OFFSET(fs,blk) \
-	( (blk) - GRP_GROUP_OF_BLOCK((fs),(blk))*(fs)->sb.s_blocks_per_group )
+	( (blk) - GRP_GROUP_OF_BLOCK((fs),(blk))*(fs)->sb->s_blocks_per_group )
 
 
 // used types
@@ -286,7 +331,9 @@
 // older solaris. Note that this is still not very portable, in that
 // the return value cannot be trusted.
 
-#if SCANF_CAN_MALLOC
+#if 0 // SCANF_CAN_MALLOC
+// C99 define "a" for floating point, so you can have runtime surprise
+// according the library versions
 # define SCANF_PREFIX "a"
 # define SCANF_STRING(s) (&s)
 #else
@@ -430,6 +477,17 @@
 			((val<<8)&0xFF0000) | (val<<24));
 }
 
+static inline int
+is_blk_empty(uint8 *b)
+{
+	uint32 i;
+	uint32 *v = (uint32 *) b;
+
+	for(i = 0; i < BLOCKSIZE / 4; i++)
+		if (*v++)
+			return 0;
+	return 1;
+}
 
 // on-disk structures
 // this trick makes me declare things only once
@@ -460,7 +518,22 @@
 	udecl32(s_creator_os)          /* Indicator of which OS created the filesystem */ \
 	udecl32(s_rev_level)           /* The revision level of the filesystem */ \
 	udecl16(s_def_resuid)          /* The default uid for reserved blocks */ \
-	udecl16(s_def_resgid)          /* The default gid for reserved blocks */
+	udecl16(s_def_resgid)          /* The default gid for reserved blocks */ \
+	/* rev 1 version fields start here */ \
+	udecl32(s_first_ino) 		/* First non-reserved inode */	\
+	udecl16(s_inode_size) 		/* size of inode structure */	\
+	udecl16(s_block_group_nr) 	/* block group # of this superblock */ \
+	udecl32(s_feature_compat) 	/* compatible feature set */	\
+	udecl32(s_feature_incompat) 	/* incompatible feature set */	\
+	udecl32(s_feature_ro_compat) 	/* readonly-compatible feature set */ \
+	utdecl8(s_uuid,16)		/* 128-bit uuid for volume */	\
+	utdecl8(s_volume_name,16) 	/* volume name */		\
+	utdecl8(s_last_mounted,64) 	/* directory where last mounted */ \
+	udecl32(s_algorithm_usage_bitmap) /* For compression */
+
+#define EXT2_GOOD_OLD_FIRST_INO	11
+#define EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE 128
+#define EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_LARGE_FILE	0x0002
 
 #define groupdescriptor_decl \
 	udecl32(bg_block_bitmap)       /* Block number of the block bitmap */ \
@@ -500,6 +573,7 @@
 
 #define decl8(x) int8 x;
 #define udecl8(x) uint8 x;
+#define utdecl8(x,n) uint8 x[n];
 #define decl16(x) int16 x;
 #define udecl16(x) uint16 x;
 #define decl32(x) int32 x;
@@ -509,7 +583,7 @@
 typedef struct
 {
 	superblock_decl
-	uint32 s_reserved[235];       // Reserved
+	uint32 s_reserved[205];       // Reserved
 } superblock;
 
 typedef struct
@@ -527,10 +601,9 @@
 typedef struct
 {
 	directory_decl
-	char d_name[0];
 } directory;
 
-typedef uint8 block[BLOCKSIZE];
+typedef uint8 *block;
 
 /* blockwalker fields:
    The blockwalker is used to access all the blocks of a file (including
@@ -567,23 +640,41 @@
 	uint32 bptind;
 } blockwalker;
 
+#define HDLINK_CNT   16
+struct hdlink_s
+{
+	uint32	src_inode;
+	uint32	dst_nod;
+};
+
+struct hdlinks_s
+{
+	int32 count;
+	struct hdlink_s *hdl;
+};
 
 /* Filesystem structure that support groups */
-#if BLOCKSIZE == 1024
 typedef struct
 {
-	block zero;            // The famous block 0
-	superblock sb;         // The superblock
-	groupdescriptor gd[0]; // The group descriptors
+	FILE *f;
+	superblock *sb;
+	int swapit;
+	int32 hdlink_cnt;
+	struct hdlinks_s hdlinks;
+
+	int holes;
+
+	listcache blks;
+	listcache gds;
+	listcache inodes;
+	listcache blkmaps;
 } filesystem;
-#else
-#error UNHANDLED BLOCKSIZE
-#endif
 
 // now the endianness swap
 
 #undef decl8
 #undef udecl8
+#undef utdecl8
 #undef decl16
 #undef udecl16
 #undef decl32
@@ -592,28 +683,13 @@
 
 #define decl8(x)
 #define udecl8(x)
+#define utdecl8(x,n)
 #define decl16(x) this->x = swab16(this->x);
 #define udecl16(x) this->x = swab16(this->x);
 #define decl32(x) this->x = swab32(this->x);
 #define udecl32(x) this->x = swab32(this->x);
 #define utdecl32(x,n) { int i; for(i=0; i<n; i++) this->x[i] = swab32(this->x[i]); }
 
-#define HDLINK_CNT   16
-static int32 hdlink_cnt = HDLINK_CNT;
-struct hdlink_s
-{
-	uint32	src_inode;
-	uint32	dst_nod;
-};
-
-struct hdlinks_s 
-{
-	int32 count;
-	struct hdlink_s *hdl;
-};
-
-static struct hdlinks_s hdlinks;
-
 static void
 swap_sb(superblock *sb)
 {
@@ -633,9 +709,24 @@
 static void
 swap_nod(inode *nod)
 {
+	uint32 nblk;
+
 #define this nod
 	inode_decl
 #undef this
+
+	// block and character inodes store the major and minor in the
+	// i_block, so we need to unswap to get those.  Also, if it's
+	// zero iblocks, put the data back like it belongs.
+	nblk = nod->i_blocks / INOBLK;
+	if ((nod->i_size && !nblk)
+	    || ((nod->i_mode & FM_IFBLK) == FM_IFBLK)
+	    || ((nod->i_mode & FM_IFCHR) == FM_IFCHR))
+	{
+		int i;
+		for(i = 0; i <= EXT2_TIND_BLOCK; i++)
+			nod->i_block[i] = swab32(nod->i_block[i]);
+	}
 }
 
 static void
@@ -657,6 +748,7 @@
 
 #undef decl8
 #undef udecl8
+#undef utdecl8
 #undef decl16
 #undef udecl16
 #undef decl32
@@ -770,15 +862,15 @@
 }
 
 int
-is_hardlink(ino_t inode)
+is_hardlink(filesystem *fs, ino_t inode)
 {
 	int i;
 
-	for(i = 0; i < hdlinks.count; i++) {
-		if(hdlinks.hdl[i].src_inode == inode)
+	for(i = 0; i < fs->hdlinks.count; i++) {
+		if(fs->hdlinks.hdl[i].src_inode == inode)
 			return i;
 	}
-	return -1;		
+	return -1;
 }
 
 // printf helper macro
@@ -789,6 +881,8 @@
 get_workblk(void)
 {
 	unsigned char* b=calloc(1,BLOCKSIZE);
+	if (!b)
+		error_msg_and_die("get_workblk() failed, out of memory");
 	return b;
 }
 static inline void
@@ -811,24 +905,464 @@
 	return b[(item-1) / 8] & (1 << ((item-1) % 8));
 }
 
-// return a given block from a filesystem
+// Used by get_blk/put_blk to hold information about a block owned
+// by the user.
+typedef struct
+{
+	cache_link link;
+
+	filesystem *fs;
+	uint32 blk;
+	uint8 *b;
+	uint32 usecount;
+} blk_info;
+
+#define MAX_FREE_CACHE_BLOCKS 100
+
+static uint32
+blk_elem_val(cache_link *elem)
+{
+	blk_info *bi = container_of(elem, blk_info, link);
+	return bi->blk;
+}
+
+static void
+blk_freed(cache_link *elem)
+{
+	blk_info *bi = container_of(elem, blk_info, link);
+
+	if (fseeko(bi->fs->f, ((off_t) bi->blk) * BLOCKSIZE, SEEK_SET))
+		perror_msg_and_die("fseek");
+	if (fwrite(bi->b, BLOCKSIZE, 1, bi->fs->f) != 1)
+		perror_msg_and_die("get_blk: write");
+	free(bi->b);
+	free(bi);
+}
+
+// Return a given block from a filesystem.  Make sure to call
+// put_blk when you are done with it.
 static inline uint8 *
-get_blk(filesystem *fs, uint32 blk)
+get_blk(filesystem *fs, uint32 blk, blk_info **rbi)
 {
-	return (uint8*)fs + blk*BLOCKSIZE;
+	cache_link *curr;
+	blk_info *bi;
+
+	if (blk >= fs->sb->s_blocks_count)
+		error_msg_and_die("Internal error, block out of range");
+
+	curr = cache_find(&fs->blks, blk);
+	if (curr) {
+		bi = container_of(curr, blk_info, link);
+		bi->usecount++;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	bi = malloc(sizeof(*bi));
+	if (!bi)
+		error_msg_and_die("get_blk: out of memory");
+	bi->fs = fs;
+	bi->blk = blk;
+	bi->usecount = 1;
+	bi->b = malloc(BLOCKSIZE);
+	if (!bi->b)
+		error_msg_and_die("get_blk: out of memory");
+	cache_add(&fs->blks, &bi->link);
+	if (fseeko(fs->f, ((off_t) blk) * BLOCKSIZE, SEEK_SET))
+		perror_msg_and_die("fseek");
+	if (fread(bi->b, BLOCKSIZE, 1, fs->f) != 1) {
+		if (ferror(fs->f))
+			perror_msg_and_die("fread");
+		memset(bi->b, 0, BLOCKSIZE);
+	}
+
+out:
+	*rbi = bi;
+	return bi->b;
 }
 
 // return a given inode from a filesystem
-static inline inode *
-get_nod(filesystem *fs, uint32 nod)
+static inline void
+put_blk(blk_info *bi)
+{
+	if (bi->usecount == 0)
+		error_msg_and_die("Internal error: put_blk usecount zero");
+	bi->usecount--;
+	if (bi->usecount == 0)
+		/* Free happens in the cache code */
+		cache_item_set_unused(&bi->fs->blks, &bi->link);
+}
+
+typedef struct
 {
-	int grp,offset;
+	cache_link link;
+
+	filesystem *fs;
+	int gds;
+	blk_info *bi;
+	groupdescriptor *gd;
+	uint32 usecount;
+} gd_info;
+
+#define MAX_FREE_CACHE_GDS 100
+
+static uint32
+gd_elem_val(cache_link *elem)
+{
+	gd_info *gi = container_of(elem, gd_info, link);
+	return gi->gds;
+}
+
+static void
+gd_freed(cache_link *elem)
+{
+	gd_info *gi = container_of(elem, gd_info, link);
+
+	if (gi->fs->swapit)
+		swap_gd(gi->gd);
+	put_blk(gi->bi);
+	free(gi);
+}
+
+#define GDS_START ((SUPERBLOCK_OFFSET + SUPERBLOCK_SIZE + BLOCKSIZE - 1) / BLOCKSIZE)
+#define GDS_PER_BLOCK (BLOCKSIZE / sizeof(groupdescriptor))
+// the group descriptors are aligned on the block size
+static inline groupdescriptor *
+get_gd(filesystem *fs, uint32 no, gd_info **rgi)
+{
+	uint32 gdblk;
+	uint32 offset;
+	gd_info *gi;
+	cache_link *curr;
+
+	curr = cache_find(&fs->gds, no);
+	if (curr) {
+		gi = container_of(curr, gd_info, link);
+		gi->usecount++;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	gi = malloc(sizeof(*gi));
+	if (!gi)
+		error_msg_and_die("get_gd: out of memory");
+	gi->fs = fs;
+	gi->gds = no;
+	gi->usecount = 1;
+	gdblk = GDS_START + (no / GDS_PER_BLOCK);
+	offset = no % GDS_PER_BLOCK;
+	gi->gd = ((groupdescriptor *) get_blk(fs, gdblk, &gi->bi)) + offset;
+	cache_add(&fs->gds, &gi->link);
+	if (fs->swapit)
+		swap_gd(gi->gd);
+ out:
+	*rgi = gi;
+
+	return gi->gd;
+}
+
+static inline void
+put_gd(gd_info *gi)
+{
+	if (gi->usecount == 0)
+		error_msg_and_die("Internal error: put_gd usecount zero");
+
+	gi->usecount--;
+	if (gi->usecount == 0)
+		/* Free happens in the cache code */
+		cache_item_set_unused(&gi->fs->gds, &gi->link);
+}
+
+// Used by get_blkmap/put_blkmap to hold information about an block map
+// owned by the user.
+typedef struct
+{
+	cache_link link;
+
+	filesystem *fs;
+	uint32 blk;
+	uint8 *b;
+	blk_info *bi;
+	uint32 usecount;
+} blkmap_info;
+
+#define MAX_FREE_CACHE_BLOCKMAPS 100
+
+static uint32
+blkmap_elem_val(cache_link *elem)
+{
+	blkmap_info *bmi = container_of(elem, blkmap_info, link);
+	return bmi->blk;
+}
+
+static void
+blkmap_freed(cache_link *elem)
+{
+	blkmap_info *bmi = container_of(elem, blkmap_info, link);
+
+	if (bmi->fs->swapit)
+		swap_block(bmi->b);
+	put_blk(bmi->bi);
+	free(bmi);
+}
+
+// Return a given block map from a filesystem.  Make sure to call
+// put_blkmap when you are done with it.
+static inline uint32 *
+get_blkmap(filesystem *fs, uint32 blk, blkmap_info **rbmi)
+{
+	blkmap_info *bmi;
+	cache_link *curr;
+
+	curr = cache_find(&fs->blkmaps, blk);
+	if (curr) {
+		bmi = container_of(curr, blkmap_info, link);
+		bmi->usecount++;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	bmi = malloc(sizeof(*bmi));
+	if (!bmi)
+		error_msg_and_die("get_blkmap: out of memory");
+	bmi->fs = fs;
+	bmi->blk = blk;
+	bmi->b = get_blk(fs, blk, &bmi->bi);
+	bmi->usecount = 1;
+	cache_add(&fs->blkmaps, &bmi->link);
+
+	if (fs->swapit)
+		swap_block(bmi->b);
+ out:
+	*rbmi = bmi;
+	return (uint32 *) bmi->b;
+}
+
+static inline void
+put_blkmap(blkmap_info *bmi)
+{
+	if (bmi->usecount == 0)
+		error_msg_and_die("Internal error: put_blkmap usecount zero");
+
+	bmi->usecount--;
+	if (bmi->usecount == 0)
+		/* Free happens in the cache code */
+		cache_item_set_unused(&bmi->fs->blkmaps, &bmi->link);
+}
+
+// Used by get_nod/put_nod to hold information about an inode owned
+// by the user.
+typedef struct
+{
+	cache_link link;
+
+	filesystem *fs;
+	uint32 nod;
+	uint8 *b;
+	blk_info *bi;
 	inode *itab;
+	uint32 usecount;
+} nod_info;
+
+#define MAX_FREE_CACHE_INODES 100
+
+static uint32
+inode_elem_val(cache_link *elem)
+{
+	nod_info *ni = container_of(elem, nod_info, link);
+	return ni->nod;
+}
+
+static void
+inode_freed(cache_link *elem)
+{
+	nod_info *ni = container_of(elem, nod_info, link);
+
+	if (ni->fs->swapit)
+		swap_nod(ni->itab);
+	put_blk(ni->bi);
+	free(ni);
+}
+
+#define INODES_PER_BLOCK (BLOCKSIZE / sizeof(inode))
 
-	offset = GRP_IBM_OFFSET(fs,nod);
+// return a given inode from a filesystem
+static inline inode *
+get_nod(filesystem *fs, uint32 nod, nod_info **rni)
+{
+	uint32 grp, boffset, offset;
+	cache_link *curr;
+	groupdescriptor *gd;
+	gd_info *gi;
+	nod_info *ni;
+
+	curr = cache_find(&fs->inodes, nod);
+	if (curr) {
+		ni = container_of(curr, nod_info, link);
+		ni->usecount++;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	ni = malloc(sizeof(*ni));
+	if (!ni)
+		error_msg_and_die("get_nod: out of memory");
+	ni->fs = fs;
+	ni->nod = nod;
+	ni->usecount = 1;
+	cache_add(&fs->inodes, &ni->link);
+
+	offset = GRP_IBM_OFFSET(fs,nod) - 1;
+	boffset = offset / INODES_PER_BLOCK;
+	offset %= INODES_PER_BLOCK;
 	grp = GRP_GROUP_OF_INODE(fs,nod);
-	itab = (inode *)get_blk(fs, fs->gd[grp].bg_inode_table);
-	return itab+offset-1;
+	gd = get_gd(fs, grp, &gi);
+	ni->b = get_blk(fs, gd->bg_inode_table + boffset, &ni->bi);
+	ni->itab = ((inode *) ni->b) + offset;
+	if (fs->swapit)
+		swap_nod(ni->itab);
+	put_gd(gi);
+ out:
+	*rni = ni;
+	return ni->itab;
+}
+
+static inline void
+put_nod(nod_info *ni)
+{
+	if (ni->usecount == 0)
+		error_msg_and_die("Internal error: put_nod usecount zero");
+
+	ni->usecount--;
+	if (ni->usecount == 0)
+		/* Free happens in the cache code */
+		cache_item_set_unused(&ni->fs->inodes, &ni->link);
+}
+
+// Used to hold state information while walking a directory inode.
+typedef struct
+{
+	directory d;
+	filesystem *fs;
+	uint32 nod;
+	directory *last_d;
+	uint8 *b;
+	blk_info *bi;
+} dirwalker;
+
+// Start a directory walk on the given inode.  You must pass in a
+// dirwalker structure, then use that dirwalker for future operations.
+// Call put_dir when you are done walking the directory.
+static inline directory *
+get_dir(filesystem *fs, uint32 nod, dirwalker *dw)
+{
+	dw->fs = fs;
+	dw->b = get_blk(fs, nod, &dw->bi);
+	dw->nod = nod;
+	dw->last_d = (directory *) dw->b;
+
+	memcpy(&dw->d, dw->last_d, sizeof(directory));
+	if (fs->swapit)
+		swap_dir(&dw->d);
+	return &dw->d;
+}
+
+// Move to the next directory.
+static inline directory *
+next_dir(dirwalker *dw)
+{
+	directory *next_d = (directory *)((int8*)dw->last_d + dw->d.d_rec_len);
+
+	if (dw->fs->swapit)
+		swap_dir(&dw->d);
+	memcpy(dw->last_d, &dw->d, sizeof(directory));
+
+	if (((int8 *) next_d) >= ((int8 *) dw->b + BLOCKSIZE))
+		return NULL;
+
+	dw->last_d = next_d;
+	memcpy(&dw->d, next_d, sizeof(directory));
+	if (dw->fs->swapit)
+		swap_dir(&dw->d);
+	return &dw->d;
+}
+
+// Call then when you are done with the directory walk.
+static inline void
+put_dir(dirwalker *dw)
+{
+	if (dw->fs->swapit)
+		swap_dir(&dw->d);
+	memcpy(dw->last_d, &dw->d, sizeof(directory));
+
+	if (dw->nod == 0)
+		free_workblk(dw->b);
+	else
+		put_blk(dw->bi);
+}
+
+// Create a new directory block with the given inode as it's destination
+// and append it to the current dirwalker.
+static directory *
+new_dir(filesystem *fs, uint32 dnod, const char *name, int nlen, dirwalker *dw)
+{
+	directory *d;
+
+	dw->fs = fs;
+	dw->b = get_workblk();
+	dw->nod = 0;
+	dw->last_d = (directory *) dw->b;
+	d = &dw->d;
+	d->d_inode = dnod;
+	d->d_rec_len = BLOCKSIZE;
+	d->d_name_len = nlen;
+	strncpy(((char *) dw->last_d) + sizeof(directory), name, nlen);
+	return d;
+}
+
+// Shrink the current directory entry, make a new one with the free
+// space, and return the new directory entry (making it current).
+static inline directory *
+shrink_dir(dirwalker *dw, uint32 nod, const char *name, int nlen)
+{
+	int reclen, preclen;
+	directory *d = &dw->d;
+
+	reclen = d->d_rec_len;
+	d->d_rec_len = sizeof(directory) + rndup(d->d_name_len, 4);
+	preclen = d->d_rec_len;
+	reclen -= preclen;
+	if (dw->fs->swapit)
+		swap_dir(&dw->d);
+	memcpy(dw->last_d, &dw->d, sizeof(directory));
+
+	dw->last_d = (directory *) (((int8 *) dw->last_d) + preclen);
+	d->d_rec_len = reclen;
+	d->d_inode = nod;
+	d->d_name_len = nlen;
+	strncpy(((char *) dw->last_d) + sizeof(directory), name, nlen);
+
+	return d;
+}
+
+// Return the current block the directory is walking
+static inline uint8 *
+dir_data(dirwalker *dw)
+{
+	return dw->b;
+}
+
+// Return the pointer to the name for the current directory
+static inline char *
+dir_name(dirwalker *dw)
+{
+	return ((char *) dw->last_d) + sizeof(directory);
+}
+
+// Set the name for the current directory.  Note that this doesn't
+// verify that there is space for the directory name, you must do
+// that yourself.
+static void
+dir_set_name(dirwalker *dw, const char *name, int nlen)
+{
+	dw->d.d_name_len = nlen;
+	strncpy(((char *) dw->last_d) + sizeof(directory), name, nlen);
 }
 
 // allocate a given block/inode in the bitmap
@@ -870,21 +1404,34 @@
 {
 	uint32 bk=0;
 	uint32 grp,nbgroups;
+	blk_info *bi;
+	groupdescriptor *gd;
+	gd_info *gi;
 
 	grp = GRP_GROUP_OF_INODE(fs,nod);
 	nbgroups = GRP_NBGROUPS(fs);
-	if(!(bk = allocate(get_blk(fs,fs->gd[grp].bg_block_bitmap), 0))) {
-		for(grp=0;grp<nbgroups && !bk;grp++)
-			bk=allocate(get_blk(fs,fs->gd[grp].bg_block_bitmap),0);
+	gd = get_gd(fs, grp, &gi);
+	bk = allocate(GRP_GET_GROUP_BBM(fs, gd, &bi), 0);
+	GRP_PUT_GROUP_BBM(bi);
+	put_gd(gi);
+	if (!bk) {
+		for (grp=0; grp<nbgroups && !bk; grp++) {
+			gd = get_gd(fs, grp, &gi);
+			bk = allocate(GRP_GET_GROUP_BBM(fs, gd, &bi), 0);
+			GRP_PUT_GROUP_BBM(bi);
+			put_gd(gi);
+		}
 		grp--;
 	}
 	if (!bk)
 		error_msg_and_die("couldn't allocate a block (no free space)");
-	if(!(fs->gd[grp].bg_free_blocks_count--))
+	gd = get_gd(fs, grp, &gi);
+	if(!(gd->bg_free_blocks_count--))
 		error_msg_and_die("group descr %d. free blocks count == 0 (corrupted fs?)",grp);
-	if(!(fs->sb.s_free_blocks_count--))
+	put_gd(gi);
+	if(!(fs->sb->s_free_blocks_count--))
 		error_msg_and_die("superblock free blocks count == 0 (corrupted fs?)");
-	return fs->sb.s_blocks_per_group*grp + bk;
+	return fs->sb->s_first_data_block + fs->sb->s_blocks_per_group*grp + (bk-1);
 }
 
 // free a block
@@ -892,12 +1439,18 @@
 free_blk(filesystem *fs, uint32 bk)
 {
 	uint32 grp;
-
-	grp = bk / fs->sb.s_blocks_per_group;
-	bk %= fs->sb.s_blocks_per_group;
-	deallocate(get_blk(fs,fs->gd[grp].bg_block_bitmap), bk);
-	fs->gd[grp].bg_free_blocks_count++;
-	fs->sb.s_free_blocks_count++;
+	blk_info *bi;
+	gd_info *gi;
+	groupdescriptor *gd;
+
+	grp = bk / fs->sb->s_blocks_per_group;
+	bk %= fs->sb->s_blocks_per_group;
+	gd = get_gd(fs, grp, &gi);
+	deallocate(GRP_GET_GROUP_BBM(fs, gd, &bi), bk);
+	GRP_PUT_GROUP_BBM(bi);
+	gd->bg_free_blocks_count++;
+	put_gd(gi);
+	fs->sb->s_free_blocks_count++;
 }
 
 // allocate an inode
@@ -906,6 +1459,9 @@
 {
 	uint32 nod,best_group=0;
 	uint32 grp,nbgroups,avefreei;
+	blk_info *bi;
+	gd_info *gi, *bestgi;
+	groupdescriptor *gd, *bestgd;
 
 	nbgroups = GRP_NBGROUPS(fs);
 
@@ -914,22 +1470,32 @@
 	/* find the one with the most free blocks and allocate node there     */
 	/* Idea from find_group_dir in fs/ext2/ialloc.c in 2.4.19 kernel      */
 	/* We do it for all inodes.                                           */
-	avefreei  =  fs->sb.s_free_inodes_count / nbgroups;
+	avefreei  =  fs->sb->s_free_inodes_count / nbgroups;
+	bestgd = get_gd(fs, best_group, &bestgi);
 	for(grp=0; grp<nbgroups; grp++) {
-		if (fs->gd[grp].bg_free_inodes_count < avefreei ||
-		    fs->gd[grp].bg_free_inodes_count == 0)
+		gd = get_gd(fs, grp, &gi);
+		if (gd->bg_free_inodes_count < avefreei ||
+		    gd->bg_free_inodes_count == 0) {
+			put_gd(gi);
 			continue;
-		if (!best_group || 
-			fs->gd[grp].bg_free_blocks_count > fs->gd[best_group].bg_free_blocks_count)
+		}
+		if (!best_group || gd->bg_free_blocks_count > bestgd->bg_free_blocks_count) {
+			put_gd(bestgi);
 			best_group = grp;
+			bestgd = gd;
+			bestgi = gi;
+		} else
+			put_gd(gi);
 	}
-	if (!(nod = allocate(get_blk(fs,fs->gd[best_group].bg_inode_bitmap),0)))
+	if (!(nod = allocate(GRP_GET_GROUP_IBM(fs, bestgd, &bi), 0)))
 		error_msg_and_die("couldn't allocate an inode (no free inode)");
-	if(!(fs->gd[best_group].bg_free_inodes_count--))
+	GRP_PUT_GROUP_IBM(bi);
+	if(!(bestgd->bg_free_inodes_count--))
 		error_msg_and_die("group descr. free blocks count == 0 (corrupted fs?)");
-	if(!(fs->sb.s_free_inodes_count--))
+	put_gd(bestgi);
+	if(!(fs->sb->s_free_inodes_count--))
 		error_msg_and_die("superblock free blocks count == 0 (corrupted fs?)");
-	return fs->sb.s_inodes_per_group*best_group+nod;
+	return fs->sb->s_inodes_per_group*best_group+nod;
 }
 
 // print a bitmap allocation
@@ -962,30 +1528,40 @@
 //				  used after being freed, so once you start
 //				  freeing blocks don't stop until the end of
 //				  the file. moreover, i_blocks isn't updated.
-//				  in fact, don't do that, just use extend_blk
 // if hole!=0, create a hole in the file
 static uint32
 walk_bw(filesystem *fs, uint32 nod, blockwalker *bw, int32 *create, uint32 hole)
 {
 	uint32 *bkref = 0;
+	uint32 bk = 0;
+	blkmap_info *bmi1 = NULL, *bmi2 = NULL, *bmi3 = NULL;
 	uint32 *b;
 	int extend = 0, reduce = 0;
+	inode *inod;
+	nod_info *ni;
+	uint32 *iblk;
+
 	if(create && (*create) < 0)
 		reduce = 1;
-	if(bw->bnum >= get_nod(fs, nod)->i_blocks / INOBLK)
+	inod = get_nod(fs, nod, &ni);
+	if(bw->bnum >= inod->i_blocks / INOBLK)
 	{
 		if(create && (*create) > 0)
 		{
 			(*create)--;
 			extend = 1;
 		}
-		else	
+		else
+		{
+			put_nod(ni);
 			return WALK_END;
+		}
 	}
+	iblk = inod->i_block;
 	// first direct block
 	if(bw->bpdir == EXT2_INIT_BLOCK)
 	{
-		bkref = &get_nod(fs, nod)->i_block[bw->bpdir = 0];
+		bkref = &iblk[bw->bpdir = 0];
 		if(extend) // allocate first block
 			*bkref = hole ? 0 : alloc_blk(fs,nod);
 		if(reduce) // free first block
@@ -994,7 +1570,7 @@
 	// direct block
 	else if(bw->bpdir < EXT2_NDIR_BLOCKS)
 	{
-		bkref = &get_nod(fs, nod)->i_block[++bw->bpdir];
+		bkref = &iblk[++bw->bpdir];
 		if(extend) // allocate block
 			*bkref = hole ? 0 : alloc_blk(fs,nod);
 		if(reduce) // free block
@@ -1007,10 +1583,10 @@
 		bw->bpdir = EXT2_IND_BLOCK;
 		bw->bpind = 0;
 		if(extend) // allocate indirect block
-			get_nod(fs, nod)->i_block[bw->bpdir] = alloc_blk(fs,nod);
+			iblk[bw->bpdir] = alloc_blk(fs,nod);
 		if(reduce) // free indirect block
-			free_blk(fs, get_nod(fs, nod)->i_block[bw->bpdir]);
-		b = (uint32*)get_blk(fs, get_nod(fs, nod)->i_block[bw->bpdir]);
+			free_blk(fs, iblk[bw->bpdir]);
+		b = get_blkmap(fs, iblk[bw->bpdir], &bmi1);
 		bkref = &b[bw->bpind];
 		if(extend) // allocate first block
 			*bkref = hole ? 0 : alloc_blk(fs,nod);
@@ -1021,7 +1597,7 @@
 	else if((bw->bpdir == EXT2_IND_BLOCK) && (bw->bpind < BLOCKSIZE/4 - 1))
 	{
 		bw->bpind++;
-		b = (uint32*)get_blk(fs, get_nod(fs, nod)->i_block[bw->bpdir]);
+		b = get_blkmap(fs, iblk[bw->bpdir], &bmi1);
 		bkref = &b[bw->bpind];
 		if(extend) // allocate block
 			*bkref = hole ? 0 : alloc_blk(fs,nod);
@@ -1036,15 +1612,15 @@
 		bw->bpind = 0;
 		bw->bpdind = 0;
 		if(extend) // allocate double indirect block
-			get_nod(fs, nod)->i_block[bw->bpdir] = alloc_blk(fs,nod);
+			iblk[bw->bpdir] = alloc_blk(fs,nod);
 		if(reduce) // free double indirect block
-			free_blk(fs, get_nod(fs, nod)->i_block[bw->bpdir]);
-		b = (uint32*)get_blk(fs, get_nod(fs, nod)->i_block[bw->bpdir]);
+			free_blk(fs, iblk[bw->bpdir]);
+		b = get_blkmap(fs, iblk[bw->bpdir], &bmi1);
 		if(extend) // allocate first indirect block
 			b[bw->bpind] = alloc_blk(fs,nod);
 		if(reduce) // free  firstindirect block
 			free_blk(fs, b[bw->bpind]);
-		b = (uint32*)get_blk(fs, b[bw->bpind]);
+		b = get_blkmap(fs, b[bw->bpind], &bmi2);
 		bkref = &b[bw->bpdind];
 		if(extend) // allocate first block
 			*bkref = hole ? 0 : alloc_blk(fs,nod);
@@ -1055,8 +1631,8 @@
 	else if((bw->bpdir == EXT2_DIND_BLOCK) && (bw->bpdind < BLOCKSIZE/4 - 1))
 	{
 		bw->bpdind++;
-		b = (uint32*)get_blk(fs, get_nod(fs, nod)->i_block[bw->bpdir]);
-		b = (uint32*)get_blk(fs, b[bw->bpind]);
+		b = get_blkmap(fs, iblk[bw->bpdir], &bmi1);
+		b = get_blkmap(fs, b[bw->bpind], &bmi2);
 		bkref = &b[bw->bpdind];
 		if(extend) // allocate block
 			*bkref = hole ? 0 : alloc_blk(fs,nod);
@@ -1069,12 +1645,12 @@
 		bw->bnum++;
 		bw->bpdind = 0;
 		bw->bpind++;
-		b = (uint32*)get_blk(fs, get_nod(fs, nod)->i_block[bw->bpdir]);
+		b = get_blkmap(fs, iblk[bw->bpdir], &bmi1);
 		if(extend) // allocate indirect block
 			b[bw->bpind] = alloc_blk(fs,nod);
 		if(reduce) // free indirect block
 			free_blk(fs, b[bw->bpind]);
-		b = (uint32*)get_blk(fs, b[bw->bpind]);
+		b = get_blkmap(fs, b[bw->bpind], &bmi2);
 		bkref = &b[bw->bpdind];
 		if(extend) // allocate first block
 			*bkref = hole ? 0 : alloc_blk(fs,nod);
@@ -1094,20 +1670,20 @@
 		bw->bpdind = 0;
 		bw->bptind = 0;
 		if(extend) // allocate triple indirect block
-			get_nod(fs, nod)->i_block[bw->bpdir] = alloc_blk(fs,nod);
+			iblk[bw->bpdir] = alloc_blk(fs,nod);
 		if(reduce) // free triple indirect block
-			free_blk(fs, get_nod(fs, nod)->i_block[bw->bpdir]);
-		b = (uint32*)get_blk(fs, get_nod(fs, nod)->i_block[bw->bpdir]);
+			free_blk(fs, iblk[bw->bpdir]);
+		b = get_blkmap(fs, iblk[bw->bpdir], &bmi1);
 		if(extend) // allocate first double indirect block
 			b[bw->bpind] = alloc_blk(fs,nod);
 		if(reduce) // free first double indirect block
 			free_blk(fs, b[bw->bpind]);
-		b = (uint32*)get_blk(fs, b[bw->bpind]);
+		b = get_blkmap(fs, b[bw->bpind], &bmi2);
 		if(extend) // allocate first indirect block
 			b[bw->bpdind] = alloc_blk(fs,nod);
 		if(reduce) // free first indirect block
 			free_blk(fs, b[bw->bpind]);
-		b = (uint32*)get_blk(fs, b[bw->bpdind]);
+		b = get_blkmap(fs, b[bw->bpdind], &bmi3);
 		bkref = &b[bw->bptind];
 		if(extend) // allocate first data block
 			*bkref = hole ? 0 : alloc_blk(fs,nod);
@@ -1121,9 +1697,9 @@
 		  (bw->bptind < BLOCKSIZE/4 -1) )
 	{
 		bw->bptind++;
-		b = (uint32*)get_blk(fs, get_nod(fs, nod)->i_block[bw->bpdir]);
-		b = (uint32*)get_blk(fs, b[bw->bpind]);
-		b = (uint32*)get_blk(fs, b[bw->bpdind]);
+		b = get_blkmap(fs, iblk[bw->bpdir], &bmi1);
+		b = get_blkmap(fs, b[bw->bpind], &bmi2);
+		b = get_blkmap(fs, b[bw->bpdind], &bmi3);
 		bkref = &b[bw->bptind];
 		if(extend) // allocate data block
 			*bkref = hole ? 0 : alloc_blk(fs,nod);
@@ -1140,13 +1716,13 @@
 		bw->bnum++;
 		bw->bptind = 0;
 		bw->bpdind++;
-		b = (uint32*)get_blk(fs, get_nod(fs, nod)->i_block[bw->bpdir]);
-		b = (uint32*)get_blk(fs, b[bw->bpind]);
+		b = get_blkmap(fs, iblk[bw->bpdir], &bmi1);
+		b = get_blkmap(fs, b[bw->bpind], &bmi2);
 		if(extend) // allocate single indirect block
 			b[bw->bpdind] = alloc_blk(fs,nod);
 		if(reduce) // free indirect block
 			free_blk(fs, b[bw->bpind]);
-		b = (uint32*)get_blk(fs, b[bw->bpdind]);
+		b = get_blkmap(fs, b[bw->bpdind], &bmi3);
 		bkref = &b[bw->bptind];
 		if(extend) // allocate first data block
 			*bkref = hole ? 0 : alloc_blk(fs,nod);
@@ -1163,17 +1739,17 @@
 		bw->bpdind = 0;
 		bw->bptind = 0;
 		bw->bpind++;
-		b = (uint32*)get_blk(fs, get_nod(fs, nod)->i_block[bw->bpdir]);
+		b = get_blkmap(fs, iblk[bw->bpdir], &bmi1);
 		if(extend) // allocate double indirect block
 			b[bw->bpind] = alloc_blk(fs,nod);
 		if(reduce) // free double indirect block
 			free_blk(fs, b[bw->bpind]);
-		b = (uint32*)get_blk(fs, b[bw->bpind]);
+		b = get_blkmap(fs, b[bw->bpind], &bmi2);
 		if(extend) // allocate single indirect block
 			b[bw->bpdind] = alloc_blk(fs,nod);
 		if(reduce) // free indirect block
 			free_blk(fs, b[bw->bpind]);
-		b = (uint32*)get_blk(fs, b[bw->bpdind]);
+		b = get_blkmap(fs, b[bw->bpdind], &bmi3);
 		bkref = &b[bw->bptind];
 		if(extend) // allocate first block
 			*bkref = hole ? 0 : alloc_blk(fs,nod);
@@ -1184,56 +1760,105 @@
 		error_msg_and_die("file too big !"); 
 	/* End change for walking triple indirection */
 
-	if(*bkref)
-	{
+	bk = *bkref;
+	if (bmi3)
+		put_blkmap(bmi3);
+	if (bmi2)
+		put_blkmap(bmi2);
+	if (bmi1)
+		put_blkmap(bmi1);
+
+	if(bk)
+	{
+		blk_info *bi;
+		gd_info *gi;
+		uint8 *block;
 		bw->bnum++;
-		if(!reduce && !allocated(GRP_GET_BLOCK_BITMAP(fs,*bkref), GRP_BBM_OFFSET(fs,*bkref)))
-			error_msg_and_die("[block %d of inode %d is unallocated !]", *bkref, nod);
+		block = GRP_GET_BLOCK_BITMAP(fs,bk,&bi,&gi);
+		if(!reduce && !allocated(block, GRP_BBM_OFFSET(fs,bk)))
+			error_msg_and_die("[block %d of inode %d is unallocated !]", bk, nod);
+		GRP_PUT_BLOCK_BITMAP(bi, gi);
 	}
 	if(extend)
-		get_nod(fs, nod)->i_blocks = bw->bnum * INOBLK;
-	return *bkref;
+		inod->i_blocks = bw->bnum * INOBLK;
+	put_nod(ni);
+	return bk;
 }
 
-// add blocks to an inode (file/dir/etc...)
-static void
-extend_blk(filesystem *fs, uint32 nod, block b, int amount)
+typedef struct
 {
-	int create = amount;
-	blockwalker bw, lbw;
-	uint32 bk;
-	init_bw(&bw);
-	if(amount < 0)
-	{
-		uint32 i;
-		for(i = 0; i < get_nod(fs, nod)->i_blocks / INOBLK + amount; i++)
-			walk_bw(fs, nod, &bw, 0, 0);
-		while(walk_bw(fs, nod, &bw, &create, 0) != WALK_END)
+	blockwalker bw;
+	uint32 nod;
+	nod_info *ni;
+	inode *inod;
+} inode_pos;
+#define INODE_POS_TRUNCATE 0
+#define INODE_POS_EXTEND 1
+
+// Call this to set up an ipos structure for future use with
+// extend_inode_blk to append blocks to the given inode.  If
+// op is INODE_POS_TRUNCATE, the inode is truncated to zero size.
+// If op is INODE_POS_EXTEND, the position is moved to the end
+// of the inode's data blocks.
+// Call inode_pos_finish when done with the inode_pos structure.
+static void
+inode_pos_init(filesystem *fs, inode_pos *ipos, uint32 nod, int op,
+	       blockwalker *endbw)
+{
+	blockwalker lbw;
+
+	init_bw(&ipos->bw);
+	ipos->nod = nod;
+	ipos->inod = get_nod(fs, nod, &ipos->ni);
+	if (op == INODE_POS_TRUNCATE) {
+		int32 create = -1;
+		while(walk_bw(fs, nod, &ipos->bw, &create, 0) != WALK_END)
 			/*nop*/;
-		get_nod(fs, nod)->i_blocks += amount * INOBLK;
+		ipos->inod->i_blocks = 0;
 	}
-	else
+
+	if (endbw)
+		ipos->bw = *endbw;
+	else {
+		/* Seek to the end */
+		init_bw(&ipos->bw);
+		lbw = ipos->bw;
+		while(walk_bw(fs, nod, &ipos->bw, 0, 0) != WALK_END)
+			lbw = ipos->bw;
+		ipos->bw = lbw;
+	}
+}
+
+// Clean up the inode_pos structure.
+static void
+inode_pos_finish(filesystem *fs, inode_pos *ipos)
+{
+	put_nod(ipos->ni);
+}
+
+// add blocks to an inode (file/dir/etc...) at the given position.
+// This will only work when appending to the end of an inode.
+static void
+extend_inode_blk(filesystem *fs, inode_pos *ipos, block b, int amount)
+{
+	uint32 bk;
+	uint32 pos;
+
+	if (amount < 0)
+		error_msg_and_die("extend_inode_blk: Got negative amount");
+
+	for (pos = 0; amount; pos += BLOCKSIZE)
 	{
-		lbw = bw;
-		while((bk = walk_bw(fs, nod, &bw, 0, 0)) != WALK_END)
-			lbw = bw;
-		bw = lbw;
-		while(create)
-		{
-			int i, copyb = 0;
-			if(!(fs->sb.s_reserved[200] & OP_HOLES))
-				copyb = 1;
-			else
-				for(i = 0; i < BLOCKSIZE / 4; i++)
-					if(((int32*)(b + BLOCKSIZE * (amount - create)))[i])
-					{
-						copyb = 1;
-						break;
-					}
-			if((bk = walk_bw(fs, nod, &bw, &create, !copyb)) == WALK_END)
-				break;
-			if(copyb)
-				memcpy(get_blk(fs, bk), b + BLOCKSIZE * (amount - create - 1), BLOCKSIZE);
+		int hole = (fs->holes && is_blk_empty(b + pos));
+
+		bk = walk_bw(fs, ipos->nod, &ipos->bw, &amount, hole);
+		if (bk == WALK_END)
+			error_msg_and_die("extend_inode_blk: extend failed");
+		if (!hole) {
+			blk_info *bi;
+			uint8 *block = get_blk(fs, bk, &bi);
+			memcpy(block, b + pos, BLOCKSIZE);
+			put_blk(bi);
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -1242,15 +1867,17 @@
 static void
 add2dir(filesystem *fs, uint32 dnod, uint32 nod, const char* name)
 {
-	blockwalker bw;
+	blockwalker bw, lbw;
 	uint32 bk;
-	uint8 *b;
 	directory *d;
+	dirwalker dw;
 	int reclen, nlen;
 	inode *node;
 	inode *pnode;
+	nod_info *dni, *ni;
+	inode_pos ipos;
 
-	pnode = get_nod(fs, dnod);
+	pnode = get_nod(fs, dnod, &dni);
 	if((pnode->i_mode & FM_IFMT) != FM_IFDIR)
 		error_msg_and_die("can't add '%s' to a non-directory", name);
 	if(!*name)
@@ -1262,52 +1889,52 @@
 	if(reclen > BLOCKSIZE)
 		error_msg_and_die("bad name '%s' (too long)", name);
 	init_bw(&bw);
+	lbw = bw;
 	while((bk = walk_bw(fs, dnod, &bw, 0, 0)) != WALK_END) // for all blocks in dir
 	{
-		b = get_blk(fs, bk);
 		// for all dir entries in block
-		for(d = (directory*)b; (int8*)d + sizeof(*d) < (int8*)b + BLOCKSIZE; d = (directory*)((int8*)d + d->d_rec_len))
+		for(d = get_dir(fs, bk, &dw); d; d = next_dir(&dw))
 		{
 			// if empty dir entry, large enough, use it
 			if((!d->d_inode) && (d->d_rec_len >= reclen))
 			{
 				d->d_inode = nod;
-				node = get_nod(fs, nod);
+				node = get_nod(fs, nod, &ni);
+				dir_set_name(&dw, name, nlen);
+				put_dir(&dw);
 				node->i_links_count++;
-				d->d_name_len = nlen;
-				strncpy(d->d_name, name, nlen);
-				return;
+				put_nod(ni);
+				goto out;
 			}
 			// if entry with enough room (last one?), shrink it & use it
 			if(d->d_rec_len >= (sizeof(directory) + rndup(d->d_name_len, 4) + reclen))
 			{
-				reclen = d->d_rec_len;
-				d->d_rec_len = sizeof(directory) + rndup(d->d_name_len, 4);
-				reclen -= d->d_rec_len;
-				d = (directory*) (((int8*)d) + d->d_rec_len);
-				d->d_rec_len = reclen;
-				d->d_inode = nod;
-				node = get_nod(fs, nod);
+				d = shrink_dir(&dw, nod, name, nlen);
+				put_dir(&dw);
+				node = get_nod(fs, nod, &ni);
 				node->i_links_count++;
-				d->d_name_len = nlen;
-				strncpy(d->d_name, name, nlen);
-				return;
+				put_nod(ni);
+				goto out;
 			}
 		}
+		put_dir(&dw);
+		lbw = bw;
 	}
 	// we found no free entry in the directory, so we add a block
-	if(!(b = get_workblk()))
-		error_msg_and_die("get_workblk() failed.");
-	d = (directory*)b;
-	d->d_inode = nod;
-	node = get_nod(fs, nod);
+	node = get_nod(fs, nod, &ni);
+	d = new_dir(fs, nod, name, nlen, &dw);
 	node->i_links_count++;
-	d->d_rec_len = BLOCKSIZE;
-	d->d_name_len = nlen;
-	strncpy(d->d_name, name, nlen);
-	extend_blk(fs, dnod, b, 1);
-	get_nod(fs, dnod)->i_size += BLOCKSIZE;
-	free_workblk(b);
+	put_nod(ni);
+	next_dir(&dw); // Force the data into the buffer
+
+	inode_pos_init(fs, &ipos, dnod, INODE_POS_EXTEND, &lbw);
+	extend_inode_blk(fs, &ipos, dir_data(&dw), 1);
+	inode_pos_finish(fs, &ipos);
+
+	put_dir(&dw);
+	pnode->i_size += BLOCKSIZE;
+out:
+	put_nod(dni);
 }
 
 // find an entry in a directory
@@ -1321,11 +1948,13 @@
 	while((bk = walk_bw(fs, nod, &bw, 0, 0)) != WALK_END)
 	{
 		directory *d;
-		uint8 *b;
-		b = get_blk(fs, bk);
-		for(d = (directory*)b; (int8*)d + sizeof(*d) < (int8*)b + BLOCKSIZE; d = (directory*)((int8*)d + d->d_rec_len))
-			if(d->d_inode && (nlen == d->d_name_len) && !strncmp(d->d_name, name, nlen))
+		dirwalker dw;
+		for (d = get_dir(fs, bk, &dw); d; d=next_dir(&dw))
+			if(d->d_inode && (nlen == d->d_name_len) && !strncmp(dir_name(&dw), name, nlen)) {
+				put_dir(&dw);
 				return d->d_inode;
+			}
+		put_dir(&dw);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1356,47 +1985,55 @@
 	return nod;
 }
 
+// chmod an inode
+void
+chmod_fs(filesystem *fs, uint32 nod, uint16 mode, uint16 uid, uint16 gid)
+{
+	inode *node;
+	nod_info *ni;
+	node = get_nod(fs, nod, &ni);
+	node->i_mode = (node->i_mode & ~FM_IMASK) | (mode & FM_IMASK);
+	node->i_uid = uid;
+	node->i_gid = gid;
+	put_nod(ni);
+}
+
 // create a simple inode
 static uint32
 mknod_fs(filesystem *fs, uint32 parent_nod, const char *name, uint16 mode, uint16 uid, uint16 gid, uint8 major, uint8 minor, uint32 ctime, uint32 mtime)
 {
 	uint32 nod;
 	inode *node;
-	if((nod = find_dir(fs, parent_nod, name)))
-	{
-		node = get_nod(fs, nod);
-		if((node->i_mode & FM_IFMT) != (mode & FM_IFMT))
-			error_msg_and_die("node '%s' already exists and isn't of the same type", name);
-		node->i_mode = mode;
-	}
-	else
+	nod_info *ni;
+	gd_info *gi;
+
+	nod = alloc_nod(fs);
+	node = get_nod(fs, nod, &ni);
+	node->i_mode = mode;
+	add2dir(fs, parent_nod, nod, name);
+	switch(mode & FM_IFMT)
 	{
-		nod = alloc_nod(fs);
-		node = get_nod(fs, nod);
-		node->i_mode = mode;
-		add2dir(fs, parent_nod, nod, name);
-		switch(mode & FM_IFMT)
-		{
-			case FM_IFLNK:
-				mode = FM_IFLNK | FM_IRWXU | FM_IRWXG | FM_IRWXO;
-				break;
-			case FM_IFBLK:
-			case FM_IFCHR:
-				((uint8*)get_nod(fs, nod)->i_block)[0] = minor;
-				((uint8*)get_nod(fs, nod)->i_block)[1] = major;
-				break;
-			case FM_IFDIR:
-				add2dir(fs, nod, nod, ".");
-				add2dir(fs, nod, parent_nod, "..");
-				fs->gd[GRP_GROUP_OF_INODE(fs,nod)].bg_used_dirs_count++;
-				break;
-		}
+	case FM_IFLNK:
+		mode = FM_IFLNK | FM_IRWXU | FM_IRWXG | FM_IRWXO;
+		break;
+	case FM_IFBLK:
+	case FM_IFCHR:
+		((uint8*)node->i_block)[0] = minor;
+		((uint8*)node->i_block)[1] = major;
+		break;
+	case FM_IFDIR:
+		add2dir(fs, nod, nod, ".");
+		add2dir(fs, nod, parent_nod, "..");
+		get_gd(fs,GRP_GROUP_OF_INODE(fs,nod),&gi)->bg_used_dirs_count++;
+		put_gd(gi);
+		break;
 	}
 	node->i_uid = uid;
 	node->i_gid = gid;
 	node->i_atime = mtime;
 	node->i_ctime = ctime;
 	node->i_mtime = mtime;
+	put_nod(ni);
 	return nod;
 }
 
@@ -1413,33 +2050,73 @@
 mklink_fs(filesystem *fs, uint32 parent_nod, const char *name, size_t size, uint8 *b, uid_t uid, gid_t gid, uint32 ctime, uint32 mtime)
 {
 	uint32 nod = mknod_fs(fs, parent_nod, name, FM_IFLNK | FM_IRWXU | FM_IRWXG | FM_IRWXO, uid, gid, 0, 0, ctime, mtime);
-	extend_blk(fs, nod, 0, - (int)get_nod(fs, nod)->i_blocks / INOBLK);
-	get_nod(fs, nod)->i_size = size;
-	if(size <= 4 * (EXT2_TIND_BLOCK+1))
-	{
-		strncpy((char*)get_nod(fs, nod)->i_block, (char*)b, size);
+	nod_info *ni;
+	inode *node = get_nod(fs, nod, &ni);
+	inode_pos ipos;
+
+	inode_pos_init(fs, &ipos, nod, INODE_POS_TRUNCATE, NULL);
+	node->i_size = size;
+	if(size < 4 * (EXT2_TIND_BLOCK+1))
+	{
+		strncpy((char*)node->i_block, (char*)b, size);
+		((char*)node->i_block)[size+1] = '\0';
+		inode_pos_finish(fs, &ipos);
+		put_nod(ni);
 		return nod;
 	}
-	extend_blk(fs, nod, b, rndup(size, BLOCKSIZE) / BLOCKSIZE);
+	extend_inode_blk(fs, &ipos, b, rndup(size, BLOCKSIZE) / BLOCKSIZE);
+	inode_pos_finish(fs, &ipos);
+	put_nod(ni);
 	return nod;
 }
 
+static void
+fs_upgrade_rev1_largefile(filesystem *fs)
+{
+	fs->sb->s_rev_level = 1;
+	fs->sb->s_first_ino = EXT2_GOOD_OLD_FIRST_INO;
+	fs->sb->s_inode_size = EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE;
+}
+
+#define COPY_BLOCKS 16
+#define CB_SIZE (COPY_BLOCKS * BLOCKSIZE)
+
 // make a file from a FILE*
 static uint32
-mkfile_fs(filesystem *fs, uint32 parent_nod, const char *name, uint32 mode, size_t size, FILE *f, uid_t uid, gid_t gid, uint32 ctime, uint32 mtime)
+mkfile_fs(filesystem *fs, uint32 parent_nod, const char *name, uint32 mode, FILE *f, uid_t uid, gid_t gid, uint32 ctime, uint32 mtime)
 {
 	uint8 * b;
 	uint32 nod = mknod_fs(fs, parent_nod, name, mode|FM_IFREG, uid, gid, 0, 0, ctime, mtime);
-	extend_blk(fs, nod, 0, - (int)get_nod(fs, nod)->i_blocks / INOBLK);
-	get_nod(fs, nod)->i_size = size;
-	if (size) {
-		if(!(b = (uint8*)calloc(rndup(size, BLOCKSIZE), 1)))
-			error_msg_and_die("not enough mem to read file '%s'", name);
-		if(f)
-			fread(b, size, 1, f); // FIXME: ugly. use mmap() ...
-		extend_blk(fs, nod, b, rndup(size, BLOCKSIZE) / BLOCKSIZE);
-		free(b);
-	}
+	nod_info *ni;
+	inode *node = get_nod(fs, nod, &ni);
+	off_t size = 0;
+	size_t readbytes;
+	inode_pos ipos;
+	int fullsize;
+
+	b = malloc(CB_SIZE);
+	if (!b)
+		error_msg_and_die("mkfile_fs: out of memory");
+	inode_pos_init(fs, &ipos, nod, INODE_POS_TRUNCATE, NULL);
+	readbytes = fread(b, 1, CB_SIZE, f);
+	while (readbytes) {
+		fullsize = rndup(readbytes, BLOCKSIZE);
+		// Fill to end of block with zeros.
+		memset(b + readbytes, 0, fullsize - readbytes);
+		extend_inode_blk(fs, &ipos, b, fullsize / BLOCKSIZE);
+		size += readbytes;
+		readbytes = fread(b, 1, CB_SIZE, f);
+	}
+	if (size > 0x7fffffff) {
+		if (fs->sb->s_rev_level < 1)
+			fs_upgrade_rev1_largefile(fs);
+		fs->sb->s_feature_ro_compat |= EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_LARGE_FILE;
+	}
+	node->i_dir_acl = size >> 32;
+	node->i_size = size;
+	inode_pos_finish(fs, &ipos);
+	put_nod(ni);
+	free(b);
 	return nod;
 }
 
@@ -1591,13 +2268,24 @@
 				dname = malloc(len + 1);
 				for(i = start; i < count; i++)
 				{
+					uint32 oldnod;
 					SNPRINTF(dname, len, "%s%lu", name, i);
-					mknod_fs(fs, nod, dname, mode, uid, gid, major, minor + (i * increment - start), ctime, mtime);
+					oldnod = find_dir(fs, nod, dname);
+					if(oldnod)
+						chmod_fs(fs, oldnod, mode, uid, gid);
+					else
+						mknod_fs(fs, nod, dname, mode, uid, gid, major, minor + (i * increment - start), ctime, mtime);
 				}
 				free(dname);
 			}
 			else
-				mknod_fs(fs, nod, name, mode, uid, gid, major, minor, ctime, mtime);
+			{
+				uint32 oldnod = find_dir(fs, nod, name);
+				if(oldnod)
+					chmod_fs(fs, oldnod, mode, uid, gid);
+				else
+					mknod_fs(fs, nod, name, mode, uid, gid, major, minor, ctime, mtime);
+			}
 		}
 	}
 	if (line)
@@ -1643,6 +2331,10 @@
 			switch(st.st_mode & S_IFMT)
 			{
 				case S_IFLNK:
+					if((st.st_mode & S_IFMT) == S_IFREG || st.st_size >= 4 * (EXT2_TIND_BLOCK+1))
+						stats->nblocks += (st.st_size + BLOCKSIZE - 1) / BLOCKSIZE;
+					stats->ninodes++;
+					break;
 				case S_IFREG:
 					if((st.st_mode & S_IFMT) == S_IFREG || st.st_size > 4 * (EXT2_TIND_BLOCK+1))
 						stats->nblocks += (st.st_size + BLOCKSIZE - 1) / BLOCKSIZE;
@@ -1657,19 +2349,33 @@
 					if(chdir(dent->d_name) < 0)
 						perror_msg_and_die(dent->d_name);
 					add2fs_from_dir(fs, this_nod, squash_uids, squash_perms, fs_timestamp, stats);
-					chdir("..");
+					if (chdir("..") == -1)
+						perror_msg_and_die("..");
+
 					break;
 				default:
 					break;
 			}
 		else
 		{
+			if((nod = find_dir(fs, this_nod, name)))
+			{
+				error_msg("ignoring duplicate entry %s", name);
+				if(S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+					if(chdir(dent->d_name) < 0)
+						perror_msg_and_die(name);
+					add2fs_from_dir(fs, nod, squash_uids, squash_perms, fs_timestamp, stats);
+					if (chdir("..") == -1)
+						perror_msg_and_die("..");
+				}
+				continue;
+			}
 			save_nod = 0;
 			/* Check for hardlinks */
 			if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) && !S_ISLNK(st.st_mode) && st.st_nlink > 1) {
-				int32 hdlink = is_hardlink(st.st_ino);
+				int32 hdlink = is_hardlink(fs, st.st_ino);
 				if (hdlink >= 0) {
-					add2dir(fs, this_nod, hdlinks.hdl[hdlink].dst_nod, name);
+					add2dir(fs, this_nod, fs->hdlinks.hdl[hdlink].dst_nod, name);
 					continue;
 				} else {
 					save_nod = 1;
@@ -1697,8 +2403,12 @@
 					free(lnk);
 					break;
 				case S_IFREG:
-					fh = xfopen(dent->d_name, "rb");
-					nod = mkfile_fs(fs, this_nod, name, mode, st.st_size, fh, uid, gid, ctime, mtime);
+					fh = fopen(dent->d_name, "rb");
+					if (!fh) {
+						error_msg("Unable to open file %s", dent->d_name);
+						break;
+					}
+					nod = mkfile_fs(fs, this_nod, name, mode, fh, uid, gid, ctime, mtime);
 					fclose(fh);
 					break;
 				case S_IFDIR:
@@ -1706,199 +2416,128 @@
 					if(chdir(dent->d_name) < 0)
 						perror_msg_and_die(name);
 					add2fs_from_dir(fs, nod, squash_uids, squash_perms, fs_timestamp, stats);
-					chdir("..");
+					if (chdir("..") == -1)
+						perror_msg_and_die("..");
 					break;
 				default:
 					error_msg("ignoring entry %s", name);
 			}
 			if (save_nod) {
-				if (hdlinks.count == hdlink_cnt) {
-					if ((hdlinks.hdl = 
-						 realloc (hdlinks.hdl, (hdlink_cnt + HDLINK_CNT) *
+				if (fs->hdlinks.count == fs->hdlink_cnt) {
+					if ((fs->hdlinks.hdl =
+						 realloc (fs->hdlinks.hdl, (fs->hdlink_cnt + HDLINK_CNT) *
 								  sizeof (struct hdlink_s))) == NULL) {
 						error_msg_and_die("Not enough memory");
 					}
-					hdlink_cnt += HDLINK_CNT;
+					fs->hdlink_cnt += HDLINK_CNT;
 				}
-				hdlinks.hdl[hdlinks.count].src_inode = st.st_ino;
-				hdlinks.hdl[hdlinks.count].dst_nod = nod;
-				hdlinks.count++;
+				fs->hdlinks.hdl[fs->hdlinks.count].src_inode = st.st_ino;
+				fs->hdlinks.hdl[fs->hdlinks.count].dst_nod = nod;
+				fs->hdlinks.count++;
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	closedir(dh);
 }
 
-// endianness swap of x-indirect blocks
+// Copy size blocks from src to dst, putting holes in the output
+// file (if possible) if the input block is all zeros.
+// Copy size blocks from src to dst, putting holes in the output
+// file (if possible) if the input block is all zeros.
 static void
-swap_goodblocks(filesystem *fs, inode *nod)
+copy_file(filesystem *fs, FILE *dst, FILE *src, size_t size)
 {
-	uint32 i,j;
-	int done=0;
-	uint32 *b,*b2;
+	uint8 *b;
 
-	uint32 nblk = nod->i_blocks / INOBLK;
-	if((nod->i_size && !nblk) || ((nod->i_mode & FM_IFBLK) == FM_IFBLK) || ((nod->i_mode & FM_IFCHR) == FM_IFCHR))
-		for(i = 0; i <= EXT2_TIND_BLOCK; i++)
-			nod->i_block[i] = swab32(nod->i_block[i]);
-	if(nblk <= EXT2_IND_BLOCK)
-		return;
-	swap_block(get_blk(fs, nod->i_block[EXT2_IND_BLOCK]));
-	if(nblk <= EXT2_DIND_BLOCK + BLOCKSIZE/4)
-		return;
-	/* Currently this will fail b'cos the number of blocks as stored
-	   in i_blocks also includes the indirection blocks (see
-	   walk_bw). But this function assumes that i_blocks only
-	   stores the count of data blocks ( Actually according to
-	   "Understanding the Linux Kernel" (Table 17-3 p502 1st Ed)
-	   i_blocks IS supposed to store the count of data blocks). so
-	   with a file of size 268K nblk would be 269.The above check
-	   will be false even though double indirection hasn't been
-	   started.This is benign as 0 means block 0 which has been
-	   zeroed out and therefore points back to itself from any offset
-	 */
-	// FIXME: I have fixed that, but I have the feeling the rest of
-	// ths function needs to be fixed for the same reasons - Xav
-	assert(nod->i_block[EXT2_DIND_BLOCK] != 0);
-	for(i = 0; i < BLOCKSIZE/4; i++)
-		if(nblk > EXT2_IND_BLOCK + BLOCKSIZE/4 + (BLOCKSIZE/4)*i )
-			swap_block(get_blk(fs, ((uint32*)get_blk(fs, nod->i_block[EXT2_DIND_BLOCK]))[i]));
-	swap_block(get_blk(fs, nod->i_block[EXT2_DIND_BLOCK]));
-	if(nblk <= EXT2_IND_BLOCK + BLOCKSIZE/4 + BLOCKSIZE/4 * BLOCKSIZE/4)
-		return;
-	/* Adding support for triple indirection */
-	b = (uint32*)get_blk(fs,nod->i_block[EXT2_TIND_BLOCK]);
-	for(i=0;i < BLOCKSIZE/4 && !done ; i++) {
-		b2 = (uint32*)get_blk(fs,b[i]); 
-		for(j=0; j<BLOCKSIZE/4;j++) {
-			if (nblk > ( EXT2_IND_BLOCK + BLOCKSIZE/4 + 
-				     (BLOCKSIZE/4)*(BLOCKSIZE/4) + 
-				     i*(BLOCKSIZE/4)*(BLOCKSIZE/4) + 
-				     j*(BLOCKSIZE/4)) ) 
-			  swap_block(get_blk(fs,b2[j]));
-			else {
-			  done = 1;
-			  break;
-			}
+	b = malloc(BLOCKSIZE);
+	if (!b)
+		error_msg_and_die("copy_file: out of memory");
+	if (fseek(src, 0, SEEK_SET))
+		perror_msg_and_die("fseek");
+	if (ftruncate(fileno(dst), 0))
+		perror_msg_and_die("copy_file: ftruncate");
+	while (size > 0) {
+		if (fread(b, BLOCKSIZE, 1, src) != 1)
+			perror_msg_and_die("copy failed on read");
+		if ((dst != stdout) && fs->holes && is_blk_empty(b)) {
+			/* Empty block, just skip it */
+			if (fseek(dst, BLOCKSIZE, SEEK_CUR))
+				perror_msg_and_die("fseek");
+		} else {
+			if (fwrite(b, BLOCKSIZE, 1, dst) != 1)
+				perror_msg_and_die("copy failed on write");
 		}
-		swap_block((uint8 *)b2);
+		size--;
 	}
-	swap_block((uint8 *)b);
-	return;
+	free(b);
 }
 
-static void
-swap_badblocks(filesystem *fs, inode *nod)
+// Allocate a new filesystem structure, allocate internal memory,
+// and initialize the contents.
+static filesystem *
+alloc_fs(int swapit, char *fname, uint32 nbblocks, FILE *srcfile)
 {
-	uint32 i,j;
-	int done=0;
-	uint32 *b,*b2;
+	filesystem *fs;
+	struct stat srcstat, dststat;
 
-	uint32 nblk = nod->i_blocks / INOBLK;
-	if((nod->i_size && !nblk) || ((nod->i_mode & FM_IFBLK) == FM_IFBLK) || ((nod->i_mode & FM_IFCHR) == FM_IFCHR))
-		for(i = 0; i <= EXT2_TIND_BLOCK; i++)
-			nod->i_block[i] = swab32(nod->i_block[i]);
-	if(nblk <= EXT2_IND_BLOCK)
-		return;
-	swap_block(get_blk(fs, nod->i_block[EXT2_IND_BLOCK]));
-	if(nblk <= EXT2_DIND_BLOCK + BLOCKSIZE/4)
-		return;
-	/* See comment in swap_goodblocks */
-	assert(nod->i_block[EXT2_DIND_BLOCK] != 0);
-	swap_block(get_blk(fs, nod->i_block[EXT2_DIND_BLOCK]));
-	for(i = 0; i < BLOCKSIZE/4; i++)
-		if(nblk > EXT2_IND_BLOCK + BLOCKSIZE/4 + (BLOCKSIZE/4)*i )
-			swap_block(get_blk(fs, ((uint32*)get_blk(fs, nod->i_block[EXT2_DIND_BLOCK]))[i]));
-	if(nblk <= EXT2_IND_BLOCK + BLOCKSIZE/4 + BLOCKSIZE/4 * BLOCKSIZE/4)
-		return;
-	/* Adding support for triple indirection */
-	b = (uint32*)get_blk(fs,nod->i_block[EXT2_TIND_BLOCK]);
-	swap_block((uint8 *)b);
-	for(i=0;i < BLOCKSIZE/4 && !done ; i++) {
-		b2 = (uint32*)get_blk(fs,b[i]); 
-		swap_block((uint8 *)b2);
-		for(j=0; j<BLOCKSIZE/4;j++) {
-			if (nblk > ( EXT2_IND_BLOCK + BLOCKSIZE/4 + 
-				     (BLOCKSIZE/4)*(BLOCKSIZE/4) + 
-				     i*(BLOCKSIZE/4)*(BLOCKSIZE/4) + 
-				     j*(BLOCKSIZE/4)) ) 
-			  swap_block(get_blk(fs,b2[j]));
-			else {
-			  done = 1;
-			  break;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return;
-}
+	fs = malloc(sizeof(*fs));
+	if (!fs)
+		error_msg_and_die("not enough memory for filesystem");
+	memset(fs, 0, sizeof(*fs));
+	fs->swapit = swapit;
+	cache_init(&fs->blks, MAX_FREE_CACHE_BLOCKS, blk_elem_val, blk_freed);
+	cache_init(&fs->gds, MAX_FREE_CACHE_GDS, gd_elem_val, gd_freed);
+	cache_init(&fs->blkmaps, MAX_FREE_CACHE_BLOCKMAPS,
+		   blkmap_elem_val, blkmap_freed);
+	cache_init(&fs->inodes, MAX_FREE_CACHE_INODES,
+		   inode_elem_val, inode_freed);
+	fs->hdlink_cnt = HDLINK_CNT;
+	fs->hdlinks.hdl = calloc(sizeof(struct hdlink_s), fs->hdlink_cnt);
+	if (!fs->hdlinks.hdl)
+		error_msg_and_die("Not enough memory");
+	fs->hdlinks.count = 0 ;
 
-// endianness swap of the whole filesystem
-static void
-swap_goodfs(filesystem *fs)
-{
-	uint32 i;
-	for(i = 1; i < fs->sb.s_inodes_count; i++)
-	{
-		inode *nod = get_nod(fs, i);
-		if(nod->i_mode & FM_IFDIR)
-		{
-			blockwalker bw;
-			uint32 bk;
-			init_bw(&bw);
-			while((bk = walk_bw(fs, i, &bw, 0, 0)) != WALK_END)
-			{
-				directory *d;
-				uint8 *b;
-				b = get_blk(fs, bk);
-				for(d = (directory*)b; (int8*)d + sizeof(*d) < (int8*)b + BLOCKSIZE; d = (directory*)((int8*)d + swab16(d->d_rec_len)))
-					swap_dir(d);
-			}
-		}
-		swap_goodblocks(fs, nod);
-		swap_nod(nod);
-	}
-	for(i=0;i<GRP_NBGROUPS(fs);i++)
-		swap_gd(&(fs->gd[i]));
-	swap_sb(&fs->sb);
+	if (strcmp(fname, "-") == 0)
+		fs->f = tmpfile();
+	else if (srcfile) {
+		if (fstat(fileno(srcfile), &srcstat))
+			perror_msg_and_die("fstat srcfile");
+		if (stat(fname, &dststat) == 0
+		    && srcstat.st_ino == dststat.st_ino
+		    && srcstat.st_dev == dststat.st_dev)
+		  {
+			// source and destination are the same file, don't
+			// truncate or copy, just use the file.
+			fs->f = fopen(fname, "r+b");
+		} else {
+			fs->f = fopen(fname, "w+b");
+			if (fs->f)
+				copy_file(fs, fs->f, srcfile, nbblocks);
+		}
+	} else
+		fs->f = fopen(fname, "w+b");
+	if (!fs->f)
+		perror_msg_and_die("opening %s", fname);
+	return fs;
 }
 
+/* Make sure the output file is the right size */
 static void
-swap_badfs(filesystem *fs)
+set_file_size(filesystem *fs)
 {
-	uint32 i;
-	swap_sb(&fs->sb);
-	for(i=0;i<GRP_NBGROUPS(fs);i++)
-		swap_gd(&(fs->gd[i]));
-	for(i = 1; i < fs->sb.s_inodes_count; i++)
-	{
-		inode *nod = get_nod(fs, i);
-		swap_nod(nod);
-		swap_badblocks(fs, nod);
-		if(nod->i_mode & FM_IFDIR)
-		{
-			blockwalker bw;
-			uint32 bk;
-			init_bw(&bw);
-			while((bk = walk_bw(fs, i, &bw, 0, 0)) != WALK_END)
-			{
-				directory *d;
-				uint8 *b;
-				b = get_blk(fs, bk);
-				for(d = (directory*)b; (int8*)d + sizeof(*d) < (int8*)b + BLOCKSIZE; d = (directory*)((int8*)d + d->d_rec_len))
-					swap_dir(d);
-			}
-		}
-	}
+	if (ftruncate(fileno(fs->f),
+		      ((off_t) fs->sb->s_blocks_count) * BLOCKSIZE))
+		perror_msg_and_die("set_file_size: ftruncate");
 }
 
 // initialize an empty filesystem
 static filesystem *
-init_fs(int nbblocks, int nbinodes, int nbresrvd, int holes, uint32 fs_timestamp)
+init_fs(int nbblocks, int nbinodes, int nbresrvd, int holes,
+	uint32 fs_timestamp, uint32 creator_os, int swapit, char *fname)
 {
 	uint32 i;
 	filesystem *fs;
-	directory *d;
-	uint8 * b;
+	dirwalker dw;
 	uint32 nod, first_block;
 	uint32 nbgroups,nbinodes_per_group,overhead_per_group,free_blocks,
 		free_blocks_per_group,nbblocks_per_group,min_nbgroups;
@@ -1906,6 +2545,11 @@
 	uint32 j;
 	uint8 *bbm,*ibm;
 	inode *itab0;
+	blk_info *bi;
+	nod_info *ni;
+	groupdescriptor *gd;
+	gd_info *gi;
+	inode_pos ipos;
 	
 	if(nbresrvd < 0)
 		error_msg_and_die("reserved blocks value is invalid. Note: options have changed, see --help or the man page.");
@@ -1919,10 +2563,14 @@
 	 */
 	min_nbgroups = (nbinodes + INODES_PER_GROUP - 1) / INODES_PER_GROUP;
 
+	/* On filesystems with 1k block size, the bootloader area uses a full
+	 * block. For 2048 and up, the superblock can be fitted into block 0.
+	 */
+	first_block = (BLOCKSIZE == 1024);
+
 	/* nbblocks is the total number of blocks in the filesystem.
 	 * a block group can have no more than 8192 blocks.
 	 */
-	first_block = (BLOCKSIZE == 1024);
 	nbgroups = (nbblocks - first_block + BLOCKS_PER_GROUP - 1) / BLOCKS_PER_GROUP;
 	if(nbgroups < min_nbgroups) nbgroups = min_nbgroups;
 	nbblocks_per_group = rndup((nbblocks - first_block + nbgroups - 1)/nbgroups, 8);
@@ -1934,51 +2582,59 @@
 	gdsz = rndup(nbgroups*sizeof(groupdescriptor),BLOCKSIZE)/BLOCKSIZE;
 	itblsz = nbinodes_per_group * sizeof(inode)/BLOCKSIZE;
 	overhead_per_group = 3 /*sb,bbm,ibm*/ + gdsz + itblsz;
-	if((uint32)nbblocks - 1 < overhead_per_group * nbgroups)
-		error_msg_and_die("too much overhead, try fewer inodes or more blocks. Note: options have changed, see --help or the man page.");
-	free_blocks = nbblocks - overhead_per_group*nbgroups - 1 /*boot block*/;
+	free_blocks = nbblocks - overhead_per_group*nbgroups - first_block;
 	free_blocks_per_group = nbblocks_per_group - overhead_per_group;
+	if(free_blocks < 0)
+		error_msg_and_die("too much overhead, try fewer inodes or more blocks. Note: options have changed, see --help or the man page.");
 
-	if(!(fs = (filesystem*)calloc(nbblocks, BLOCKSIZE)))
-		error_msg_and_die("not enough memory for filesystem");
+	fs = alloc_fs(swapit, fname, nbblocks, NULL);
+	fs->sb = calloc(1, SUPERBLOCK_SIZE);
+	if (!fs->sb)
+		error_msg_and_die("error allocating header memory");
 
 	// create the superblock for an empty filesystem
-	fs->sb.s_inodes_count = nbinodes_per_group * nbgroups;
-	fs->sb.s_blocks_count = nbblocks;
-	fs->sb.s_r_blocks_count = nbresrvd;
-	fs->sb.s_free_blocks_count = free_blocks;
-	fs->sb.s_free_inodes_count = fs->sb.s_inodes_count - EXT2_FIRST_INO + 1;
-	fs->sb.s_first_data_block = first_block;
-	fs->sb.s_log_block_size = BLOCKSIZE >> 11;
-	fs->sb.s_log_frag_size = BLOCKSIZE >> 11;
-	fs->sb.s_blocks_per_group = nbblocks_per_group;
-	fs->sb.s_frags_per_group = nbblocks_per_group;
-	fs->sb.s_inodes_per_group = nbinodes_per_group;
-	fs->sb.s_wtime = fs_timestamp;
-	fs->sb.s_magic = EXT2_MAGIC_NUMBER;
-	fs->sb.s_lastcheck = fs_timestamp;
+	fs->sb->s_inodes_count = nbinodes_per_group * nbgroups;
+	fs->sb->s_blocks_count = nbblocks;
+	fs->sb->s_r_blocks_count = nbresrvd;
+	fs->sb->s_free_blocks_count = free_blocks;
+	fs->sb->s_free_inodes_count = fs->sb->s_inodes_count - EXT2_FIRST_INO + 1;
+	fs->sb->s_first_data_block = first_block;
+	fs->sb->s_log_block_size = BLOCKSIZE >> 11;
+	fs->sb->s_log_frag_size = BLOCKSIZE >> 11;
+	fs->sb->s_blocks_per_group = nbblocks_per_group;
+	fs->sb->s_frags_per_group = nbblocks_per_group;
+	fs->sb->s_inodes_per_group = nbinodes_per_group;
+	fs->sb->s_wtime = fs_timestamp;
+	fs->sb->s_magic = EXT2_MAGIC_NUMBER;
+	fs->sb->s_lastcheck = fs_timestamp;
+	fs->sb->s_creator_os = creator_os;
+
+	set_file_size(fs);
 
 	// set up groupdescriptors
-	for(i=0, bbmpos=gdsz+2, ibmpos=bbmpos+1, itblpos=ibmpos+1;
+	for(i=0, bbmpos=first_block+1+gdsz, ibmpos=bbmpos+1, itblpos=ibmpos+1;
 		i<nbgroups;
 		i++, bbmpos+=nbblocks_per_group, ibmpos+=nbblocks_per_group, itblpos+=nbblocks_per_group)
 	{
+		gd = get_gd(fs, i, &gi);
+
 		if(free_blocks > free_blocks_per_group) {
-			fs->gd[i].bg_free_blocks_count = free_blocks_per_group;
+			gd->bg_free_blocks_count = free_blocks_per_group;
 			free_blocks -= free_blocks_per_group;
 		} else {
-			fs->gd[i].bg_free_blocks_count = free_blocks;
+			gd->bg_free_blocks_count = free_blocks;
 			free_blocks = 0; // this is the last block group
 		}
 		if(i)
-			fs->gd[i].bg_free_inodes_count = nbinodes_per_group;
+			gd->bg_free_inodes_count = nbinodes_per_group;
 		else
-			fs->gd[i].bg_free_inodes_count = nbinodes_per_group -
+			gd->bg_free_inodes_count = nbinodes_per_group -
 							EXT2_FIRST_INO + 2;
-		fs->gd[i].bg_used_dirs_count = 0;
-		fs->gd[i].bg_block_bitmap = bbmpos;
-		fs->gd[i].bg_inode_bitmap = ibmpos;
-		fs->gd[i].bg_inode_table = itblpos;
+		gd->bg_used_dirs_count = 0;
+		gd->bg_block_bitmap = bbmpos;
+		gd->bg_inode_bitmap = ibmpos;
+		gd->bg_inode_table = itblpos;
+		put_gd(gi);
 	}
 
 	/* Mark non-filesystem blocks and inodes as allocated */
@@ -1984,110 +2640,143 @@
 	/* Mark non-filesystem blocks and inodes as allocated */
 	/* Mark system blocks and inodes as allocated         */
 	for(i = 0; i<nbgroups;i++) {
-
 		/* Block bitmap */
-		bbm = get_blk(fs,fs->gd[i].bg_block_bitmap);	
+		gd = get_gd(fs, i, &gi);
+		bbm = GRP_GET_GROUP_BBM(fs, gd, &bi);
 		//non-filesystem blocks
-		for(j = fs->gd[i].bg_free_blocks_count
+		for(j = gd->bg_free_blocks_count
 		        + overhead_per_group + 1; j <= BLOCKSIZE * 8; j++)
 			allocate(bbm, j); 
 		//system blocks
 		for(j = 1; j <= overhead_per_group; j++)
 			allocate(bbm, j); 
-		
+		GRP_PUT_GROUP_BBM(bi);
+
 		/* Inode bitmap */
-		ibm = get_blk(fs,fs->gd[i].bg_inode_bitmap);	
+		ibm = GRP_GET_GROUP_IBM(fs, gd, &bi);
 		//non-filesystem inodes
-		for(j = fs->sb.s_inodes_per_group+1; j <= BLOCKSIZE * 8; j++)
+		for(j = fs->sb->s_inodes_per_group+1; j <= BLOCKSIZE * 8; j++)
 			allocate(ibm, j);
 
 		//system inodes
 		if(i == 0)
 			for(j = 1; j < EXT2_FIRST_INO; j++)
 				allocate(ibm, j);
+		GRP_PUT_GROUP_IBM(bi);
+		put_gd(gi);
 	}
 
 	// make root inode and directory
 	/* We have groups now. Add the root filesystem in group 0 */
 	/* Also increment the directory count for group 0 */
-	fs->gd[0].bg_free_inodes_count--;
-	fs->gd[0].bg_used_dirs_count = 1;
-	itab0 = (inode *)get_blk(fs,fs->gd[0].bg_inode_table);
-	itab0[EXT2_ROOT_INO-1].i_mode = FM_IFDIR | FM_IRWXU | FM_IRGRP | FM_IROTH | FM_IXGRP | FM_IXOTH; 
-	itab0[EXT2_ROOT_INO-1].i_ctime = fs_timestamp;
-	itab0[EXT2_ROOT_INO-1].i_mtime = fs_timestamp;
-	itab0[EXT2_ROOT_INO-1].i_atime = fs_timestamp;
-	itab0[EXT2_ROOT_INO-1].i_size = BLOCKSIZE;
-	itab0[EXT2_ROOT_INO-1].i_links_count = 2;
-
-	if(!(b = get_workblk()))
-		error_msg_and_die("get_workblk() failed.");
-	d = (directory*)b;
-	d->d_inode = EXT2_ROOT_INO;
-	d->d_rec_len = sizeof(directory)+4;
-	d->d_name_len = 1;
-	strcpy(d->d_name, ".");
-	d = (directory*)(b + d->d_rec_len);
-	d->d_inode = EXT2_ROOT_INO;
-	d->d_rec_len = BLOCKSIZE - (sizeof(directory)+4);
-	d->d_name_len = 2;
-	strcpy(d->d_name, "..");
-	extend_blk(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, b, 1);
+	gd = get_gd(fs, 0, &gi);
+	gd->bg_free_inodes_count--;
+	gd->bg_used_dirs_count = 1;
+	put_gd(gi);
+	itab0 = get_nod(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, &ni);
+	itab0->i_mode = FM_IFDIR | FM_IRWXU | FM_IRGRP | FM_IROTH | FM_IXGRP | FM_IXOTH;
+	itab0->i_ctime = fs_timestamp;
+	itab0->i_mtime = fs_timestamp;
+	itab0->i_atime = fs_timestamp;
+	itab0->i_size = BLOCKSIZE;
+	itab0->i_links_count = 2;
+	put_nod(ni);
+
+	new_dir(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, ".", 1, &dw);
+	shrink_dir(&dw, EXT2_ROOT_INO, "..", 2);
+	next_dir(&dw); // Force the data into the buffer
+	inode_pos_init(fs, &ipos, EXT2_ROOT_INO, INODE_POS_EXTEND, NULL);
+	extend_inode_blk(fs, &ipos, dir_data(&dw), 1);
+	inode_pos_finish(fs, &ipos);
+	put_dir(&dw);
 
-	// make lost+found directory and reserve blocks
-	if(fs->sb.s_r_blocks_count)
+	// make lost+found directory
+	if(fs->sb->s_r_blocks_count)
 	{
-		nod = mkdir_fs(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, "lost+found", FM_IRWXU, 0, 0, fs_timestamp, fs_timestamp);
+		inode *node;
+		uint8 *b;
+
+		nod = mkdir_fs(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, "lost+found", FM_IRWXU,
+			       0, 0, fs_timestamp, fs_timestamp);
+		b = get_workblk();
 		memset(b, 0, BLOCKSIZE);
 		((directory*)b)->d_rec_len = BLOCKSIZE;
-		/* We run into problems with e2fsck if directory lost+found grows
-		 * bigger than this. Need to find out why this happens - sundar
-		 */
-		if (fs->sb.s_r_blocks_count > fs->sb.s_blocks_count * MAX_RESERVED_BLOCKS ) 
-			fs->sb.s_r_blocks_count = fs->sb.s_blocks_count * MAX_RESERVED_BLOCKS;
-		for(i = 1; i < fs->sb.s_r_blocks_count; i++)
-			extend_blk(fs, nod, b, 1);
-		get_nod(fs, nod)->i_size = fs->sb.s_r_blocks_count * BLOCKSIZE;
+		inode_pos_init(fs, &ipos, nod, INODE_POS_EXTEND, NULL);
+		// It is always 16 blocks to start out with
+		for(i = 1; i < 16; i++)
+			extend_inode_blk(fs, &ipos, b, 1);
+		inode_pos_finish(fs, &ipos);
+		free_workblk(b);
+		node = get_nod(fs, nod, &ni);
+		node->i_size = 16 * BLOCKSIZE;
+		put_nod(ni);
 	}
-	free_workblk(b);
 
 	// administrative info
-	fs->sb.s_state = 1;
-	fs->sb.s_max_mnt_count = 20;
+	fs->sb->s_state = 1;
+	fs->sb->s_max_mnt_count = 20;
 
 	// options for me
-	if(holes)
-		fs->sb.s_reserved[200] |= OP_HOLES;
+	fs->holes = holes;
 	
 	return fs;
 }
 
 // loads a filesystem from disk
 static filesystem *
-load_fs(FILE * fh, int swapit)
+load_fs(FILE *fh, int swapit, char *fname)
 {
-	size_t fssize;
+	off_t fssize;
 	filesystem *fs;
-	if((fseek(fh, 0, SEEK_END) < 0) || ((ssize_t)(fssize = ftell(fh)) == -1))
+
+	if((fseek(fh, 0, SEEK_END) < 0) || ((fssize = ftello(fh)) == -1))
 		perror_msg_and_die("input filesystem image");
 	rewind(fh);
-	fssize = (fssize + BLOCKSIZE - 1) / BLOCKSIZE;
+	if ((fssize % BLOCKSIZE) != 0)
+		error_msg_and_die("Input file not a multiple of block size");
+	fssize /= BLOCKSIZE;
 	if(fssize < 16) // totally arbitrary
 		error_msg_and_die("too small filesystem");
-	if(!(fs = (filesystem*)calloc(fssize, BLOCKSIZE)))
-		error_msg_and_die("not enough memory for filesystem");
-	if(fread(fs, BLOCKSIZE, fssize, fh) != fssize)
-		perror_msg_and_die("input filesystem image");
+	fs = alloc_fs(swapit, fname, fssize, fh);
+
+	/* Read and check the superblock, then read the superblock
+	 * and all the group descriptors */
+	fs->sb = malloc(SUPERBLOCK_SIZE);
+	if (!fs->sb)
+		error_msg_and_die("error allocating header memory");
+	if (fseek(fs->f, SUPERBLOCK_OFFSET, SEEK_SET))
+		perror_msg_and_die("fseek");
+	if (fread(fs->sb, SUPERBLOCK_SIZE, 1, fs->f) != 1)
+		perror_msg_and_die("fread filesystem image superblock");
 	if(swapit)
-		swap_badfs(fs);
-	if(fs->sb.s_rev_level || (fs->sb.s_magic != EXT2_MAGIC_NUMBER))
+		swap_sb(fs->sb);
+
+	if((fs->sb->s_rev_level > 1) || (fs->sb->s_magic != EXT2_MAGIC_NUMBER))
 		error_msg_and_die("not a suitable ext2 filesystem");
+	if (fs->sb->s_rev_level > 0) {
+		if (fs->sb->s_first_ino != EXT2_GOOD_OLD_FIRST_INO)
+			error_msg_and_die("First inode incompatible");
+		if (fs->sb->s_inode_size != EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE)
+			error_msg_and_die("inode size incompatible");
+		if (fs->sb->s_feature_compat)
+			error_msg_and_die("Unsupported compat features");
+		if (fs->sb->s_feature_incompat)
+			error_msg_and_die("Unsupported incompat features");
+		if (fs->sb->s_feature_ro_compat
+		    & ~EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_LARGE_FILE)
+			error_msg_and_die("Unsupported ro compat features");
+	}
+
+	set_file_size(fs);
 	return fs;
 }
 
 static void
 free_fs(filesystem *fs)
 {
+	free(fs->hdlinks.hdl);
+	fclose(fs->f);
+	free(fs->sb);
 	free(fs);
 }
 
@@ -2123,16 +2812,23 @@
 {
 	blockwalker bw;
 	uint32 bk;
-	int32 fsize = get_nod(fs, nod)->i_size;
+	nod_info *ni;
+	inode *node = get_nod(fs, nod, &ni);
+	int32 fsize = node->i_size;
+	blk_info *bi;
+
 	init_bw(&bw);
 	while((bk = walk_bw(fs, nod, &bw, 0, 0)) != WALK_END)
 	{
 		if(fsize <= 0)
 			error_msg_and_die("wrong size while saving inode %d", nod);
-		if(fwrite(get_blk(fs, bk), (fsize > BLOCKSIZE) ? BLOCKSIZE : fsize, 1, f) != 1)
+		if(fwrite(get_blk(fs, bk, &bi),
+			  (fsize > BLOCKSIZE) ? BLOCKSIZE : fsize, 1, f) != 1)
 			error_msg_and_die("error while saving inode %d", nod);
+		put_blk(bi);
 		fsize -= BLOCKSIZE;
 	}
+	put_nod(ni);
 }
 
 
@@ -2141,8 +2837,11 @@
 print_dev(filesystem *fs, uint32 nod)
 {
 	int minor, major;
-	minor = ((uint8*)get_nod(fs, nod)->i_block)[0];
-	major = ((uint8*)get_nod(fs, nod)->i_block)[1];
+	nod_info *ni;
+	inode *node = get_nod(fs, nod, &ni);
+	minor = ((uint8*)node->i_block)[0];
+	major = ((uint8*)node->i_block)[1];
+	put_nod(ni);
 	printf("major: %d, minor: %d\n", major, minor);
 }
 
@@ -2157,17 +2856,15 @@
 	while((bk = walk_bw(fs, nod, &bw, 0, 0)) != WALK_END)
 	{
 		directory *d;
-		uint8 *b;
-		b = get_blk(fs, bk);
-		for(d = (directory*)b; (int8*)d + sizeof(*d) < (int8*)b + BLOCKSIZE; d = (directory*)((int8*)d + d->d_rec_len))
+		dirwalker dw;
+		for (d = get_dir(fs, bk, &dw); d; d = next_dir(&dw))
 			if(d->d_inode)
 			{
-				int i;
 				printf("entry '");
-				for(i = 0; i < d->d_name_len; i++)
-					putchar(d->d_name[i]);
+				fwrite(dir_name(&dw), 1, d->d_name_len, stdout);
 				printf("' (inode %d): rec_len: %d (name_len: %d)\n", d->d_inode, d->d_rec_len, d->d_name_len);
 			}
+		put_dir(&dw);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -2175,14 +2872,18 @@
 static void
 print_link(filesystem *fs, uint32 nod)
 {
-	if(!get_nod(fs, nod)->i_blocks)
-		printf("links to '%s'\n", (char*)get_nod(fs, nod)->i_block);
+	nod_info *ni;
+	inode *node = get_nod(fs, nod, &ni);
+
+	if(!node->i_blocks)
+		printf("links to '%s'\n", (char*)node->i_block);
 	else
 	{
 		printf("links to '");
 		write_blocks(fs, nod, stdout);
 		printf("'\n");
 	}
+	put_nod(ni);
 }
 
 // make a ls-like printout of permissions
@@ -2251,8 +2952,13 @@
 {
 	char *s;
 	char perms[11];
-	if(!get_nod(fs, nod)->i_mode)
-		return;
+	nod_info *ni;
+	inode *node = get_nod(fs, nod, &ni);
+	blk_info *bi;
+	gd_info *gi;
+
+	if(!node->i_mode)
+		goto out;
 	switch(nod)
 	{
 		case EXT2_BAD_INO:
@@ -2274,15 +2980,18 @@
 		default:
 			s = (nod >= EXT2_FIRST_INO) ? "normal" : "unknown reserved"; 
 	}
-	printf("inode %d (%s, %d links): ", nod, s, get_nod(fs, nod)->i_links_count);
-	if(!allocated(GRP_GET_INODE_BITMAP(fs,nod), GRP_IBM_OFFSET(fs,nod)))
+	printf("inode %d (%s, %d links): ", nod, s, node->i_links_count);
+	if(!allocated(GRP_GET_INODE_BITMAP(fs,nod,&bi,&gi), GRP_IBM_OFFSET(fs,nod)))
 	{
+		GRP_PUT_INODE_BITMAP(bi,gi);
 		printf("unallocated\n");
-		return;
+		goto out;
 	}
-	make_perms(get_nod(fs, nod)->i_mode, perms);
-	printf("%s,  size: %d byte%s (%d block%s)\n", perms, plural(get_nod(fs, nod)->i_size), plural(get_nod(fs, nod)->i_blocks / INOBLK));
-	switch(get_nod(fs, nod)->i_mode & FM_IFMT)
+	GRP_PUT_INODE_BITMAP(bi,gi);
+	make_perms(node->i_mode, perms);
+	printf("%s,  size: %d byte%s (%d block%s)\n", perms,
+	       plural(node->i_size), plural(node->i_blocks / INOBLK));
+	switch(node->i_mode & FM_IFMT)
 	{
 		case FM_IFSOCK:
 			list_blocks(fs, nod);
@@ -2310,6 +3019,8 @@
 			list_blocks(fs, nod);
 	}
 	printf("Done with inode %d\n",nod);
+out:
+	put_nod(ni);
 }
 
 // describes various fields in a filesystem
@@ -2317,49 +3028,65 @@
 print_fs(filesystem *fs)
 {
 	uint32 i;
+	blk_info *bi;
+	groupdescriptor *gd;
+	gd_info *gi;
 	uint8 *ibm;
 
 	printf("%d blocks (%d free, %d reserved), first data block: %d\n",
-	       fs->sb.s_blocks_count, fs->sb.s_free_blocks_count,
-	       fs->sb.s_r_blocks_count, fs->sb.s_first_data_block);
-	printf("%d inodes (%d free)\n", fs->sb.s_inodes_count,
-	       fs->sb.s_free_inodes_count);
+	       fs->sb->s_blocks_count, fs->sb->s_free_blocks_count,
+	       fs->sb->s_r_blocks_count, fs->sb->s_first_data_block);
+	printf("%d inodes (%d free)\n", fs->sb->s_inodes_count,
+	       fs->sb->s_free_inodes_count);
 	printf("block size = %d, frag size = %d\n",
-	       fs->sb.s_log_block_size ? (fs->sb.s_log_block_size << 11) : 1024,
-	       fs->sb.s_log_frag_size ? (fs->sb.s_log_frag_size << 11) : 1024);
+	       fs->sb->s_log_block_size ? (fs->sb->s_log_block_size << 11) : 1024,
+	       fs->sb->s_log_frag_size ? (fs->sb->s_log_frag_size << 11) : 1024);
 	printf("number of groups: %d\n",GRP_NBGROUPS(fs));
 	printf("%d blocks per group,%d frags per group,%d inodes per group\n",
-	     fs->sb.s_blocks_per_group, fs->sb.s_frags_per_group,
-	     fs->sb.s_inodes_per_group);
+	     fs->sb->s_blocks_per_group, fs->sb->s_frags_per_group,
+	     fs->sb->s_inodes_per_group);
 	printf("Size of inode table: %d blocks\n",
-		(int)(fs->sb.s_inodes_per_group * sizeof(inode) / BLOCKSIZE));
+		(int)(fs->sb->s_inodes_per_group * sizeof(inode) / BLOCKSIZE));
 	for (i = 0; i < GRP_NBGROUPS(fs); i++) {
 		printf("Group No: %d\n", i+1);
+		gd = get_gd(fs, i, &gi);
 		printf("block bitmap: block %d,inode bitmap: block %d, inode table: block %d\n",
-		     fs->gd[i].bg_block_bitmap, fs->gd[i].bg_inode_bitmap,
-		     fs->gd[i].bg_inode_table);
+		     gd->bg_block_bitmap,
+		     gd->bg_inode_bitmap,
+		     gd->bg_inode_table);
 		printf("block bitmap allocation:\n");
-		print_bm(GRP_GET_GROUP_BBM(fs, i),fs->sb.s_blocks_per_group);
+		print_bm(GRP_GET_GROUP_BBM(fs, gd, &bi),fs->sb->s_blocks_per_group);
+		GRP_PUT_GROUP_BBM(bi);
 		printf("inode bitmap allocation:\n");
-		ibm = GRP_GET_GROUP_IBM(fs, i);
-		print_bm(ibm, fs->sb.s_inodes_per_group);
-		for (i = 1; i <= fs->sb.s_inodes_per_group; i++)
+		ibm = GRP_GET_GROUP_IBM(fs, gd, &bi);
+		print_bm(ibm, fs->sb->s_inodes_per_group);
+		for (i = 1; i <= fs->sb->s_inodes_per_group; i++)
 			if (allocated(ibm, i))
 				print_inode(fs, i);
+		GRP_PUT_GROUP_IBM(bi);
+		put_gd(gi);
 	}
 }
 
 static void
-dump_fs(filesystem *fs, FILE * fh, int swapit)
+finish_fs(filesystem *fs)
 {
-	uint32 nbblocks = fs->sb.s_blocks_count;
-	fs->sb.s_reserved[200] = 0;
-	if(swapit)
-		swap_goodfs(fs);
-	if(fwrite(fs, BLOCKSIZE, nbblocks, fh) < nbblocks)
-		perror_msg_and_die("output filesystem image");
-	if(swapit)
-		swap_badfs(fs);
+	if (cache_flush(&fs->inodes))
+		error_msg_and_die("entry mismatch on inode cache flush");
+	if (cache_flush(&fs->blkmaps))
+		error_msg_and_die("entry mismatch on blockmap cache flush");
+	if (cache_flush(&fs->gds))
+		error_msg_and_die("entry mismatch on gd cache flush");
+	if (cache_flush(&fs->blks))
+		error_msg_and_die("entry mismatch on block cache flush");
+	if(fs->swapit)
+		swap_sb(fs->sb);
+	if (fseek(fs->f, SUPERBLOCK_OFFSET, SEEK_SET))
+		perror_msg_and_die("fseek");
+	if(fwrite(fs->sb, SUPERBLOCK_SIZE, 1, fs->f) != 1)
+		perror_msg_and_die("output filesystem superblock");
+	if(fs->swapit)
+		swap_sb(fs->sb);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -2419,10 +3146,12 @@
 	"  -x, --starting-image <image>\n"
 	"  -d, --root <directory>\n"
 	"  -D, --devtable <file>\n"
+	"  -B, --block-size <bytes>\n"
 	"  -b, --size-in-blocks <blocks>\n"
 	"  -i, --bytes-per-inode <bytes per inode>\n"
 	"  -N, --number-of-inodes <number of inodes>\n"
 	"  -m, --reserved-percentage <percentage of blocks to reserve>\n"
+	"  -o, --creator-os <os>      'linux' (default), 'hurd', 'freebsd' or number.\n"
 	"  -g, --block-map <path>     Generate a block map file for this path.\n"
 	"  -e, --fill-value <value>   Fill unallocated blocks with value.\n"
 	"  -z, --allow-holes          Allow files with holes.\n"
@@ -2444,15 +3173,34 @@
 extern char* optarg;
 extern int optind, opterr, optopt;
 
+// parse the value for -o <os>
+int
+lookup_creator_os(const char *name)
+{
+        if (isdigit (*name))
+                return atoi(name);
+        else if (strcasecmp(name, "linux") == 0)
+                return EXT2_OS_LINUX;
+        else if (strcasecmp(name, "GNU") == 0 || strcasecmp(name, "hurd") == 0)
+                return EXT2_OS_HURD;
+        else if (strcasecmp(name, "freebsd") == 0)
+                return EXT2_OS_FREEBSD;
+        else if (strcasecmp(name, "lites") == 0)
+                return EXT2_OS_LITES;
+        else
+                return EXT2_OS_LINUX;
+}
+
 int
 main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
-	int nbblocks = -1;
+	long long nbblocks = -1;
 	int nbinodes = -1;
 	int nbresrvd = -1;
 	float bytes_per_inode = -1;
 	float reserved_frac = -1;
 	int fs_timestamp = -1;
+	int creator_os = CREATOR_OS;
 	char * fsout = "-";
 	char * fsin = 0;
 	char * dopt[MAX_DOPT];
@@ -2466,6 +3214,7 @@
 	int squash_perms = 0;
 	uint16 endian = 1;
 	int bigendian = !*(char*)&endian;
+	char *volumelabel = NULL;
 	filesystem *fs;
 	int i;
 	int c;
@@ -2476,13 +3225,16 @@
 	  { "starting-image",	required_argument,	NULL, 'x' },
 	  { "root",		required_argument,	NULL, 'd' },
 	  { "devtable",		required_argument,	NULL, 'D' },
+	  { "block-size",	required_argument,	NULL, 'B' },
 	  { "size-in-blocks",	required_argument,	NULL, 'b' },
 	  { "bytes-per-inode",	required_argument,	NULL, 'i' },
 	  { "number-of-inodes",	required_argument,	NULL, 'N' },
+	  { "volume-label",     required_argument,      NULL, 'L' },
 	  { "reserved-percentage", required_argument,	NULL, 'm' },
+	  { "creator-os",	required_argument,	NULL, 'o' },
 	  { "block-map",	required_argument,	NULL, 'g' },
 	  { "fill-value",	required_argument,	NULL, 'e' },
-	  { "allow-holes",	no_argument, 		NULL, 'z' },
+	  { "allow-holes",	no_argument,		NULL, 'z' },
 	  { "faketime",		no_argument,		NULL, 'f' },
 	  { "squash",		no_argument,		NULL, 'q' },
 	  { "squash-uids",	no_argument,		NULL, 'U' },
@@ -2495,11 +3247,11 @@
 
 	app_name = argv[0];
 
-	while((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "x:d:D:b:i:N:m:g:e:zfqUPhVv", longopts, NULL)) != EOF) {
+	while((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "x:d:D:B:b:i:N:L:m:o:g:e:zfqUPhVv", longopts, NULL)) != EOF) {
 #else
 	app_name = argv[0];
 
-	while((c = getopt(argc, argv,      "x:d:D:b:i:N:m:g:e:zfqUPhVv")) != EOF) {
+	while((c = getopt(argc, argv,      "x:d:D:B:b:i:N:L:m:o:g:e:zfqUPhVv")) != EOF) {
 #endif /* HAVE_GETOPT_LONG */
 		switch(c)
 		{
@@ -2510,6 +3262,9 @@
 			case 'D':
 				dopt[didx++] = optarg;
 				break;
+			case 'B':
+				blocksize = SI_atof(optarg);
+				break;
 			case 'b':
 				nbblocks = SI_atof(optarg);
 				break;
@@ -2519,9 +3274,15 @@
 			case 'N':
 				nbinodes = SI_atof(optarg);
 				break;
+			case 'L':
+				volumelabel = optarg;
+				break;
 			case 'm':
 				reserved_frac = SI_atof(optarg) / 100;
 				break;
+			case 'o':
+				creator_os = lookup_creator_os(optarg);
+				break;
 			case 'g':
 				gopt[gidx++] = optarg;
 				break;
@@ -2565,21 +3326,21 @@
 		error_msg_and_die("Not enough arguments. Try --help or else see the man page.");
 	fsout = argv[optind];
 
-	hdlinks.hdl = (struct hdlink_s *)malloc(hdlink_cnt * sizeof(struct hdlink_s));
-	if (!hdlinks.hdl)
-		error_msg_and_die("Not enough memory");
-	hdlinks.count = 0 ;
+	if(blocksize != 1024 && blocksize != 2048 && blocksize != 4096)
+		error_msg_and_die("Valid block sizes: 1024, 2048 or 4096.");
+	if(creator_os < 0)
+		error_msg_and_die("Creator OS unknown.");
 
 	if(fsin)
 	{
 		if(strcmp(fsin, "-"))
 		{
 			FILE * fh = xfopen(fsin, "rb");
-			fs = load_fs(fh, bigendian);
+			fs = load_fs(fh, bigendian, fsout);
 			fclose(fh);
 		}
 		else
-			fs = load_fs(stdin, bigendian);
+			fs = load_fs(stdin, bigendian, fsout);
 	}
 	else
 	{
@@ -2609,16 +3370,29 @@
 		}
 		if(fs_timestamp == -1)
 			fs_timestamp = time(NULL);
-		fs = init_fs(nbblocks, nbinodes, nbresrvd, holes, fs_timestamp);
+		fs = init_fs(nbblocks, nbinodes, nbresrvd, holes,
+			     fs_timestamp, creator_os, bigendian, fsout);
 	}
+	if (volumelabel != NULL)
+		strncpy((char *)fs->sb->s_volume_name, volumelabel,
+			sizeof(fs->sb->s_volume_name));
 	
 	populate_fs(fs, dopt, didx, squash_uids, squash_perms, fs_timestamp, NULL);
 
 	if(emptyval) {
 		uint32 b;
-		for(b = 1; b < fs->sb.s_blocks_count; b++)
-			if(!allocated(GRP_GET_BLOCK_BITMAP(fs,b),GRP_BBM_OFFSET(fs,b)))
-				memset(get_blk(fs, b), emptyval, BLOCKSIZE);
+		for(b = 1; b < fs->sb->s_blocks_count; b++) {
+			blk_info *bi;
+			gd_info *gi;
+			if(!allocated(GRP_GET_BLOCK_BITMAP(fs,b,&bi,&gi),
+				      GRP_BBM_OFFSET(fs,b))) {
+				blk_info *bi2;
+				memset(get_blk(fs, b, &bi2), emptyval,
+				       BLOCKSIZE);
+				put_blk(bi2);
+			}
+			GRP_PUT_BLOCK_BITMAP(bi,gi);
+		}
 	}
 	if(verbose)
 		print_fs(fs);
@@ -2628,24 +3402,22 @@
 		char fname[MAX_FILENAME];
 		char *p;
 		FILE *fh;
+		nod_info *ni;
 		if(!(nod = find_path(fs, EXT2_ROOT_INO, gopt[i])))
 			error_msg_and_die("path %s not found in filesystem", gopt[i]);
 		while((p = strchr(gopt[i], '/')))
 			*p = '_';
 		SNPRINTF(fname, MAX_FILENAME-1, "%s.blk", gopt[i]);
 		fh = xfopen(fname, "wb");
-		fprintf(fh, "%d:", get_nod(fs, nod)->i_size);
+		fprintf(fh, "%d:", get_nod(fs, nod, &ni)->i_size);
+		put_nod(ni);
 		flist_blocks(fs, nod, fh);
 		fclose(fh);
 	}
-	if(strcmp(fsout, "-"))
-	{
-		FILE * fh = xfopen(fsout, "wb");
-		dump_fs(fs, fh, bigendian);
-		fclose(fh);
-	}
-	else
-		dump_fs(fs, stdout, bigendian);
+	finish_fs(fs);
+	if(strcmp(fsout, "-") == 0)
+		copy_file(fs, stdout, fs->f, fs->sb->s_blocks_count);
+
 	free_fs(fs);
 	return 0;
 }
Index: genext2fs-1.4.1/cache.h
===================================================================
--- /dev/null
+++ genext2fs-1.4.1/cache.h
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+#ifndef __CACHE_H__
+#define __CACHE_H__
+
+#include "list.h"
+
+#define CACHE_LISTS 256
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    list_elem link;
+    list_elem lru_link;
+} cache_link;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+    /* LRU list holds unused items */
+    unsigned int lru_entries;
+    list_elem lru_list;
+    unsigned int max_free_entries;
+
+    unsigned int entries;
+    list_elem lists[CACHE_LISTS];
+    unsigned int (*elem_val)(cache_link *elem);
+    void (*freed)(cache_link *elem);
+} listcache;
+
+static inline void
+cache_add(listcache *c, cache_link *elem)
+{
+    unsigned int hash = c->elem_val(elem) % CACHE_LISTS;
+    int delcount = c->lru_entries - c->max_free_entries;
+
+    if (delcount > 0) {
+        /* Delete some unused items. */
+        list_elem *lru, *next;
+        cache_link *l;
+        list_for_each_elem_safe(&c->lru_list, lru, next) {
+            l = container_of(lru, cache_link, lru_link);
+            list_del(lru);
+            list_del(&l->link);
+            c->entries--;
+            c->lru_entries--;
+            c->freed(l);
+            delcount--;
+            if (delcount <= 0)
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    c->entries++;
+    list_item_init(&elem->lru_link); /* Mark it not in the LRU list */
+    list_add_after(&c->lists[hash], &elem->link);
+}
+
+static inline void
+cache_item_set_unused(listcache *c, cache_link *elem)
+{
+    list_add_before(&c->lru_list, &elem->lru_link);
+    c->lru_entries++;
+}
+
+static inline cache_link *
+cache_find(listcache *c, unsigned int val)
+{
+    unsigned int hash = val % CACHE_LISTS;
+    list_elem *elem;
+
+    list_for_each_elem(&c->lists[hash], elem) {
+        cache_link *l = container_of(elem, cache_link, link);
+        if (c->elem_val(l) == val) {
+            if (!list_empty(&l->lru_link)) {
+                /* It's in the unused list, remove it. */
+                list_del(&l->lru_link);
+                list_item_init(&l->lru_link);
+                c->lru_entries--;
+            }
+            return l;
+        }
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static inline int
+cache_flush(listcache *c)
+{
+    list_elem *elem, *next;
+    cache_link *l;
+    int i;
+
+    list_for_each_elem_safe(&c->lru_list, elem, next) {
+        l = container_of(elem, cache_link, lru_link);
+        list_del(elem);
+        list_del(&l->link);
+        c->entries--;
+        c->lru_entries--;
+        c->freed(l);
+    }
+
+    for (i = 0; i < CACHE_LISTS; i++) {
+        list_for_each_elem_safe(&c->lists[i], elem, next) {
+            l = container_of(elem, cache_link, link);
+            list_del(&l->link);
+            c->entries--;
+            c->freed(l);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return c->entries || c->lru_entries;
+}
+
+static inline void
+cache_init(listcache *c, unsigned int max_free_entries,
+       unsigned int (*elem_val)(cache_link *elem),
+       void (*freed)(cache_link *elem))
+{
+    int i;
+
+    c->entries = 0;
+    c->lru_entries = 0;
+    c->max_free_entries = max_free_entries;
+    list_init(&c->lru_list);
+    for (i = 0; i < CACHE_LISTS; i++)
+        list_init(&c->lists[i]);
+    c->elem_val = elem_val;
+    c->freed = freed;
+}
+
+#endif /* __CACHE_H__ */
Index: genext2fs-1.4.1/list.h
===================================================================
--- /dev/null
+++ genext2fs-1.4.1/list.h
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#ifndef __LIST_H__
+#define __LIST_H__
+
+#if STDC_HEADERS
+# include <stdlib.h>
+# include <stddef.h>
+#else
+# if HAVE_STDLIB_H
+#  include <stdlib.h>
+# endif
+# if HAVE_STDDEF_H
+#  include <stddef.h>
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef offsetof
+#define offsetof(st, m) \
+     ((size_t) ( (char *)&((st *)(0))->m - (char *)0 ))
+#endif
+
+#define container_of(ptr, type, member) ({ \
+                const typeof( ((type *)0)->member ) *__mptr = (ptr); \
+                (type *)( (char *)__mptr - offsetof(type,member) );})
+
+typedef struct list_elem
+{
+    struct list_elem *next;
+    struct list_elem *prev;
+} list_elem;
+
+static inline void list_init(list_elem *list)
+{
+    list->next = list;
+    list->prev = list;
+}
+
+static inline void list_add_after(list_elem *pos, list_elem *elem)
+{
+    elem->next = pos->next;
+    elem->prev = pos;
+    pos->next->prev = elem;
+    pos->next = elem;
+}
+
+static inline void list_add_before(list_elem *pos, list_elem *elem)
+{
+    elem->prev = pos->prev;
+    elem->next = pos;
+    pos->prev->next = elem;
+    pos->prev = elem;
+}
+
+static inline void list_del(list_elem *elem)
+{
+    elem->next->prev = elem->prev;
+    elem->prev->next = elem->next;
+}
+
+static inline void list_item_init(list_elem *elem)
+{
+    elem->next = elem;
+    elem->prev = elem;
+}
+
+static inline int list_empty(list_elem *elem)
+{
+    return elem->next == elem;
+}
+
+#define list_for_each_elem(list, curr)            \
+    for ((curr) = (list)->next; (curr) != (list); (curr) = (curr)->next)
+
+#define list_for_each_elem_safe(list, curr, next)    \
+    for ((curr) = (list)->next, (next) = (curr)->next;    \
+         (curr) != (list);                    \
+         (curr) = (next), (next) = (curr)->next)
+
+#endif /* __LIST_H__ */
OpenPOWER on IntegriCloud