License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier.  The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
 - file had no licensing information it it.
 - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
 - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne.  Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed.  Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
 - Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
 - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
   lines of source
 - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
   lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

 - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
   considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
   COPYING file license applied.

   For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0                                              11139

   and resulted in the first patch in this series.

   If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
   Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0".  Results of that was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        930

   and resulted in the second patch in this series.

 - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
   of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
   any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
   it (per prior point).  Results summary:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                       270
   GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      169
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause)    21
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    17
   LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      15
   GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       14
   ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    5
   LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       4
   LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT)              3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT)             1

   and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

 - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
   the concluded license(s).

 - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
   license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
   licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

 - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
   resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
   which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

 - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
   confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

 - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
   the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
   in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights.  The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
 - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
   license ids and scores
 - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
   files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
 - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
   was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
   SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction.  This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg.  Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected.  This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.)  Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

109 files changed, 109 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/Makefile b/arch/x86/kernel/Makefile
index fd0a7895b63f..5f70044340ff 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/Makefile
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #
 # Makefile for the linux kernel.
 #
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/acpi/Makefile b/arch/x86/kernel/acpi/Makefile
index 85a9e17e0dbc..f1bb57b0e41e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/acpi/Makefile
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/acpi/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 OBJECT_FILES_NON_STANDARD_wakeup_$(BITS).o := y
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_ACPI)		+= boot.o
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/acpi/sleep.c b/arch/x86/kernel/acpi/sleep.c
index ed014814ea35..7188aea91549 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/acpi/sleep.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/acpi/sleep.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * sleep.c - x86-specific ACPI sleep support.
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/acpi/sleep.h b/arch/x86/kernel/acpi/sleep.h
index 65c7b606b606..fbb60ca4255c 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/acpi/sleep.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/acpi/sleep.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  *	Variables and functions used by the code in sleep.c
  */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/aperture_64.c b/arch/x86/kernel/aperture_64.c
index ef2859f9fcce..f5d92bc3b884 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/aperture_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/aperture_64.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Firmware replacement code.
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/Makefile b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/Makefile
index 8e63ebdcbd0b..2fb7309c6900 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/Makefile
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #
 # Makefile for local APIC drivers and for the IO-APIC code
 #
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic_noop.c b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic_noop.c
index 6599f437b4ab..c8d211277315 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic_noop.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic_noop.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * NOOP APIC driver.
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/bigsmp_32.c b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/bigsmp_32.c
index 456e45e8bf84..e12fbcfc9571 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/bigsmp_32.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/bigsmp_32.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * APIC driver for "bigsmp" xAPIC machines with more than 8 virtual CPUs.
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/hw_nmi.c b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/hw_nmi.c
index d6f387780849..d1fc62a67320 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/hw_nmi.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/hw_nmi.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  *  HW NMI watchdog support
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/io_apic.c b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/io_apic.c
index 70e48aa6af98..3b89b27945ff 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/io_apic.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/io_apic.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  *	Intel IO-APIC support for multi-Pentium hosts.
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/ipi.c b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/ipi.c
index 3a205d4a12d0..82f9244fe61f 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/ipi.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/ipi.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/cpumask.h>
 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/x2apic_cluster.c b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/x2apic_cluster.c
index 481237cb1544..e216cf3d64d2 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/x2apic_cluster.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/x2apic_cluster.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/threads.h>
 #include <linux/cpumask.h>
 #include <linux/string.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/x2apic_phys.c b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/x2apic_phys.c
index 3baf0c3dc875..b94d35320f85 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/apic/x2apic_phys.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/apic/x2apic_phys.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/threads.h>
 #include <linux/cpumask.h>
 #include <linux/string.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/asm-offsets.c b/arch/x86/kernel/asm-offsets.c
index de827d6ac8c2..8ea78275480d 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/asm-offsets.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/asm-offsets.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Generate definitions needed by assembly language modules.
  * This code generates raw asm output which is post-processed to extract
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/asm-offsets_32.c b/arch/x86/kernel/asm-offsets_32.c
index 710edab9e644..dedf428b20b6 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/asm-offsets_32.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/asm-offsets_32.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #ifndef __LINUX_KBUILD_H
 # error "Please do not build this file directly, build asm-offsets.c instead"
 #endif
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/asm-offsets_64.c b/arch/x86/kernel/asm-offsets_64.c
index cf42206926af..630212fa9b9d 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/asm-offsets_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/asm-offsets_64.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #ifndef __LINUX_KBUILD_H
 # error "Please do not build this file directly, build asm-offsets.c instead"
 #endif
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/audit_64.c b/arch/x86/kernel/audit_64.c
index f3672508b249..e1efe44ebefc 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/audit_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/audit_64.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/audit.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/bootflag.c b/arch/x86/kernel/bootflag.c
index 52c8e3c7789d..3fed7ae58b60 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/bootflag.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/bootflag.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  *	Implement 'Simple Boot Flag Specification 2.0'
  */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/check.c b/arch/x86/kernel/check.c
index 145863d4d343..33399426793e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/check.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/check.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/kthread.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/Makefile b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/Makefile
index e17942c131c8..c60922a66385 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/Makefile
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #
 # Makefile for x86-compatible CPU details, features and quirks
 #
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/bugs.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/bugs.c
index 0af86d9242da..ba0b2424c9b0 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/bugs.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/bugs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 1994  Linus Torvalds
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/centaur.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/centaur.c
index 44207b71fee1..68bc6d9b3132 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/centaur.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/centaur.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/sched/clock.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/cpu.h b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/cpu.h
index 2584265d4745..f52a370b6c00 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/cpu.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/cpu.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef ARCH_X86_CPU_H
 #define ARCH_X86_CPU_H
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/cyrix.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/cyrix.c
index 6f077445647a..6b4bb335641f 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/cyrix.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/cyrix.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/bitops.h>
 #include <linux/delay.h>
 #include <linux/pci.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/intel.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/intel.c
index dfa90a3a5145..b720dacac051 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/intel.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/intel.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 
 #include <linux/string.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/intel_cacheinfo.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/intel_cacheinfo.c
index 9990a71e311f..54d04d574148 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/intel_cacheinfo.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/intel_cacheinfo.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  *	Routines to identify caches on Intel CPU.
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/intel_rdt.h b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/intel_rdt.h
index ebaddaeef023..a43a72d8e88e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/intel_rdt.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/intel_rdt.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef _ASM_X86_INTEL_RDT_H
 #define _ASM_X86_INTEL_RDT_H
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/match.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/match.c
index e42117d5f4d7..3fed38812eea 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/match.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/match.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <asm/cpu_device_id.h>
 #include <asm/cpufeature.h>
 #include <linux/cpu.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/Makefile b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/Makefile
index 43051f0777d4..bcc7c54c7041 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/Makefile
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 obj-y				=  mce.o mce-severity.o mce-genpool.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_X86_ANCIENT_MCE)	+= winchip.o p5.o
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/mce-internal.h b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/mce-internal.h
index debb974fd17d..aa0d5df9dc60 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/mce-internal.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/mce-internal.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __X86_MCE_INTERNAL_H__
 #define __X86_MCE_INTERNAL_H__
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/mce_intel.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/mce_intel.c
index e84db79ef272..d05be307d081 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/mce_intel.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/mce_intel.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Intel specific MCE features.
  * Copyright 2004 Zwane Mwaikambo <zwane@linuxpower.ca>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/p5.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/p5.c
index 2a0717bf8033..5cddf831720f 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/p5.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/p5.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * P5 specific Machine Check Exception Reporting
  * (C) Copyright 2002 Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/threshold.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/threshold.c
index 5e7249e42f8f..2b584b319eff 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/threshold.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/threshold.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Common corrected MCE threshold handler code:
  */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/winchip.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/winchip.c
index c6a722e1d011..3b45b270a865 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/winchip.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mcheck/winchip.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * IDT Winchip specific Machine Check Exception Reporting
  * (C) Copyright 2002 Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mkcapflags.sh b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mkcapflags.sh
index 6988c74409a8..d0dfb892c72f 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mkcapflags.sh
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mkcapflags.sh
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/bin/sh
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #
 # Generate the x86_cap/bug_flags[] arrays from include/asm/cpufeatures.h
 #
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/amd.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/amd.c
index 92ba9cd31c9a..a65a0272096d 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/amd.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/amd.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/mm.h>
 #include <asm/mtrr.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/centaur.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/centaur.c
index 3d689937fc1b..f27177816569 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/centaur.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/centaur.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/mm.h>
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/cyrix.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/cyrix.c
index b1086f79e57e..4296c702a3f7 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/cyrix.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/cyrix.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/io.h>
 #include <linux/mm.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/if.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/if.c
index 6d9b45549109..558444b23923 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/if.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/if.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/capability.h>
 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/mtrr.h b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/mtrr.h
index ad8bd763efa5..2ac99e561181 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/mtrr.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mtrr/mtrr.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  * local MTRR defines.
  */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perfctr-watchdog.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perfctr-watchdog.c
index 181eabecae25..d389083330c5 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perfctr-watchdog.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perfctr-watchdog.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * local apic based NMI watchdog for various CPUs.
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/powerflags.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/powerflags.c
index 1dd8294fd730..fd6ec2aa0303 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/powerflags.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/powerflags.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Strings for the various x86 power flags
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/proc.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/proc.c
index 218f79825b3c..5455f3b8b969 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/proc.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/proc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/smp.h>
 #include <linux/timex.h>
 #include <linux/string.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/topology.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/topology.c
index cd531355e838..b099024d339c 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/topology.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/topology.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Check for extended topology enumeration cpuid leaf 0xb and if it
  * exists, use it for populating initial_apicid and cpu topology
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/transmeta.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/transmeta.c
index d77d07ab310b..42c939827621 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/transmeta.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/transmeta.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/sched/clock.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/umc.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/umc.c
index ef9c2a0078bd..65a58a390fc3 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/umc.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/umc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <asm/processor.h>
 #include "cpu.h"
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/crash_dump_32.c b/arch/x86/kernel/crash_dump_32.c
index 538fedea9b3f..33ee47670b99 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/crash_dump_32.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/crash_dump_32.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  *	Memory preserving reboot related code.
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/crash_dump_64.c b/arch/x86/kernel/crash_dump_64.c
index afa64adb75ee..4f2e0778feac 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/crash_dump_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/crash_dump_64.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  *	Memory preserving reboot related code.
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/devicetree.c b/arch/x86/kernel/devicetree.c
index cbf1f6ba39a8..76e07698e6d1 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/devicetree.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/devicetree.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Architecture specific OF callbacks.
  */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/doublefault.c b/arch/x86/kernel/doublefault.c
index f9c324e08d85..0e662c55ae90 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/doublefault.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/doublefault.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/mm.h>
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack_32.c b/arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack_32.c
index 4f0481474903..daefae83a3aa 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack_32.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack_32.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
  *  Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack_64.c b/arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack_64.c
index 225af4184f06..88ce2ffdb110 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack_64.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
  *  Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/early-quirks.c b/arch/x86/kernel/early-quirks.c
index 927abeaf63e2..1e82f787c160 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/early-quirks.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/early-quirks.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /* Various workarounds for chipset bugs.
    This code runs very early and can't use the regular PCI subsystem
    The entries are keyed to PCI bridges which usually identify chipsets
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/early_printk.c b/arch/x86/kernel/early_printk.c
index 0f0840304452..5e801c8c8ce7 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/early_printk.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/early_printk.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/console.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/ebda.c b/arch/x86/kernel/ebda.c
index 4312f8ae71b7..38e7d597b660 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/ebda.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/ebda.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/memblock.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/bugs.c b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/bugs.c
index d913047f832c..2954fab15e51 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/bugs.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/bugs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * x86 FPU bug checks:
  */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/regset.c b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/regset.c
index 3ea151372389..bc02f5144b95 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/regset.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/regset.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * FPU register's regset abstraction, for ptrace, core dumps, etc.
  */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/signal.c b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/signal.c
index fb639e70048f..23f1691670b6 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/signal.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/fpu/signal.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * FPU signal frame handling routines.
  */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace.c b/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace.c
index 9bef1bbeba63..01ebcb6f263e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Dynamic function tracing support.
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace_32.S b/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace_32.S
index 722a145b4139..b6c6468e10bc 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace_32.S
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace_32.S
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 2017  Steven Rostedt, VMware Inc.
  */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace_64.S b/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace_64.S
index 1dfac634bbf7..c832291d948a 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace_64.S
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace_64.S
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 2014  Steven Rostedt, Red Hat Inc
  */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/head32.c b/arch/x86/kernel/head32.c
index 2902ca4d5993..ec6fefbfd3c0 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/head32.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/head32.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  *  linux/arch/i386/kernel/head32.c -- prepare to run common code
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/head64.c b/arch/x86/kernel/head64.c
index bab4fa579450..6a5d757b9cfd 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/head64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/head64.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  *  prepare to run common code
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/head_32.S b/arch/x86/kernel/head_32.S
index 9ed3074d0d27..f1d528bb66a6 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/head_32.S
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/head_32.S
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  *
  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/head_64.S b/arch/x86/kernel/head_64.S
index 513cbb012ecc..6dde3f3fc1f8 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/head_64.S
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/head_64.S
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  *  linux/arch/x86/kernel/head_64.S -- start in 32bit and switch to 64bit
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/i8253.c b/arch/x86/kernel/i8253.c
index 6ebe00cb4a3b..0d307a657abb 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/i8253.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/i8253.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * 8253/PIT functions
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/i8259.c b/arch/x86/kernel/i8259.c
index 4e3b8a587c88..8f5cb2c7060c 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/i8259.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/i8259.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/linkage.h>
 #include <linux/errno.h>
 #include <linux/signal.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/io_delay.c b/arch/x86/kernel/io_delay.c
index 7ebcc4a74438..805b7a341aca 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/io_delay.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/io_delay.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * I/O delay strategies for inb_p/outb_p
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/ioport.c b/arch/x86/kernel/ioport.c
index 9c3cf0944bce..3feb648781c4 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/ioport.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/ioport.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * This contains the io-permission bitmap code - written by obz, with changes
  * by Linus. 32/64 bits code unification by Miguel Botón.
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/irq_32.c b/arch/x86/kernel/irq_32.c
index d4eb450144fd..a83b3346a0e1 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/irq_32.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/irq_32.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  *	Copyright (C) 1992, 1998 Linus Torvalds, Ingo Molnar
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/irq_64.c b/arch/x86/kernel/irq_64.c
index 3be74fbdeff2..020efbf5786b 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/irq_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/irq_64.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  *	Copyright (C) 1992, 1998 Linus Torvalds, Ingo Molnar
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/irq_work.c b/arch/x86/kernel/irq_work.c
index 70dee056f92b..80bee7695a20 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/irq_work.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/irq_work.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * x86 specific code for irq_work
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/irqinit.c b/arch/x86/kernel/irqinit.c
index 1add9e08e83e..1e4094eba15e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/irqinit.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/irqinit.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/linkage.h>
 #include <linux/errno.h>
 #include <linux/signal.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/jump_label.c b/arch/x86/kernel/jump_label.c
index ab4f491da2a9..e56c95be2808 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/jump_label.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/jump_label.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * jump label x86 support
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/common.h b/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/common.h
index 3fc0f9a794cb..615105cf7d58 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/common.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/common.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 #ifndef __X86_KERNEL_KPROBES_COMMON_H
 #define __X86_KERNEL_KPROBES_COMMON_H
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/ldt.c b/arch/x86/kernel/ldt.c
index f0e64db18ac8..4d17bacf4030 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/ldt.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/ldt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Copyright (C) 1992 Krishna Balasubramanian and Linus Torvalds
  * Copyright (C) 1999 Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/mmconf-fam10h_64.c b/arch/x86/kernel/mmconf-fam10h_64.c
index f4c886d9165c..b5cb49e57df8 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/mmconf-fam10h_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/mmconf-fam10h_64.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * AMD Family 10h mmconfig enablement
  */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/mpparse.c b/arch/x86/kernel/mpparse.c
index 5cbb3177ed17..410c5dadcee3 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/mpparse.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/mpparse.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  *	Intel Multiprocessor Specification 1.1 and 1.4
  *	compliant MP-table parsing routines.
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/nmi_selftest.c b/arch/x86/kernel/nmi_selftest.c
index d27f8d84c4ff..a1a96df3dff1 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/nmi_selftest.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/nmi_selftest.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * arch/x86/kernel/nmi-selftest.c
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/paravirt-spinlocks.c b/arch/x86/kernel/paravirt-spinlocks.c
index 8f2d1c9d43a8..71f2d1125ec0 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/paravirt-spinlocks.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/paravirt-spinlocks.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Split spinlock implementation out into its own file, so it can be
  * compiled in a FTRACE-compatible way.
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/paravirt_patch_32.c b/arch/x86/kernel/paravirt_patch_32.c
index 553acbbb4d32..758e69d72ebf 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/paravirt_patch_32.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/paravirt_patch_32.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
 
 DEF_NATIVE(pv_irq_ops, irq_disable, "cli");
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/paravirt_patch_64.c b/arch/x86/kernel/paravirt_patch_64.c
index 11aaf1eaa0e4..ac0be8283325 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/paravirt_patch_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/paravirt_patch_64.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
 #include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
 #include <linux/stringify.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/pci-dma.c b/arch/x86/kernel/pci-dma.c
index 0accc2404b92..599d7462eccc 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/pci-dma.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/pci-dma.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
 #include <linux/dma-debug.h>
 #include <linux/dmar.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/pci-iommu_table.c b/arch/x86/kernel/pci-iommu_table.c
index f712dfdf1357..4dfd90a75e63 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/pci-iommu_table.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/pci-iommu_table.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
 #include <asm/iommu_table.h>
 #include <linux/string.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/pci-nommu.c b/arch/x86/kernel/pci-nommu.c
index 4fc3cb60ea11..b0caae27e1b7 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/pci-nommu.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/pci-nommu.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /* Fallback functions when the main IOMMU code is not compiled in. This
    code is roughly equivalent to i386. */
 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/pci-swiotlb.c b/arch/x86/kernel/pci-swiotlb.c
index 677077510e30..53bd05ea90d8 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/pci-swiotlb.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/pci-swiotlb.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /* Glue code to lib/swiotlb.c */
 
 #include <linux/pci.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/pcspeaker.c b/arch/x86/kernel/pcspeaker.c
index a311ffcaad16..da5190a1ea16 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/pcspeaker.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/pcspeaker.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/platform_device.h>
 #include <linux/err.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/perf_regs.c b/arch/x86/kernel/perf_regs.c
index 587d887f7f17..e47b2dbbdef3 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/perf_regs.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/perf_regs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/errno.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/sched.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/platform-quirks.c b/arch/x86/kernel/platform-quirks.c
index 502a77d0adb0..39a59299bfa0 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/platform-quirks.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/platform-quirks.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/pmem.c b/arch/x86/kernel/pmem.c
index 0c5315d322c8..3fe690067802 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/pmem.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/pmem.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2015, Christoph Hellwig.
  * Copyright (c) 2015, Intel Corporation.
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/probe_roms.c b/arch/x86/kernel/probe_roms.c
index 963e3fb56437..ee0286390a4c 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/probe_roms.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/probe_roms.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/mm.h>
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/process.c b/arch/x86/kernel/process.c
index bd6b85fac666..c67685337c5a 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/process.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/process.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
 
 #include <linux/errno.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/quirks.c b/arch/x86/kernel/quirks.c
index eaa591cfd98b..697a4ce04308 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/quirks.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/quirks.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * This file contains work-arounds for x86 and x86_64 platform bugs.
  */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/reboot.c b/arch/x86/kernel/reboot.c
index add33f600531..2126b9d27c34 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/reboot.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/reboot.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
 
 #include <linux/export.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/reboot_fixups_32.c b/arch/x86/kernel/reboot_fixups_32.c
index c8e41e90f59c..b7c0f142d026 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/reboot_fixups_32.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/reboot_fixups_32.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * This is a good place to put board specific reboot fixups.
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/resource.c b/arch/x86/kernel/resource.c
index 5ab3895516ac..9b9fb7882c20 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/resource.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/resource.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/ioport.h>
 #include <asm/e820/api.h>
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/rtc.c b/arch/x86/kernel/rtc.c
index 5b21cb7d84d6..69ac9cb9cac6 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/rtc.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/rtc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * RTC related functions
  */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/setup_percpu.c b/arch/x86/kernel/setup_percpu.c
index 28dafed6c682..497aa766fab3 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/setup_percpu.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/setup_percpu.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
 
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/signal.c b/arch/x86/kernel/signal.c
index 4e188fda5961..b9e00e8f1c9b 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/signal.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/signal.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
  *  Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002 Andi Kleen SuSE Labs
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/signal_compat.c b/arch/x86/kernel/signal_compat.c
index ab9feb5887b1..8c6da1a643da 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/signal_compat.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/signal_compat.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/compat.h>
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/step.c b/arch/x86/kernel/step.c
index 5ee663836c08..60d2c3798ba2 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/step.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/step.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * x86 single-step support code, common to 32-bit and 64-bit.
  */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c b/arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c
index 73e4d28112f8..a63fe77b3217 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/errno.h>
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/sched/mm.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/time.c b/arch/x86/kernel/time.c
index e0754cdbad37..879af864d99a 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/time.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/time.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  *  Copyright (c) 1991,1992,1995  Linus Torvalds
  *  Copyright (c) 1994  Alan Modra
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/tls.c b/arch/x86/kernel/tls.c
index a106b9719c58..9a9c9b076955 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/tls.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/tls.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/errno.h>
 #include <linux/sched.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/trace_clock.c b/arch/x86/kernel/trace_clock.c
index 80bb24d9b880..b8e7abe00b06 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/trace_clock.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/trace_clock.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * X86 trace clocks
  */
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/tracepoint.c b/arch/x86/kernel/tracepoint.c
index c6636d1f60b9..5bd30c442794 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/tracepoint.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/tracepoint.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * Code for supporting irq vector tracepoints.
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/tsc_sync.c b/arch/x86/kernel/tsc_sync.c
index 7842371bc9e4..e76a9881306b 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/tsc_sync.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/tsc_sync.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  * check TSC synchronization.
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/vm86_32.c b/arch/x86/kernel/vm86_32.c
index 7924a5356c8a..68244742ecb0 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/vm86_32.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/vm86_32.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 /*
  *  Copyright (C) 1994  Linus Torvalds
  *
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S b/arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
index f05f00acac89..a4009fb9be87 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
 /*
  * ld script for the x86 kernel
  *