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registers.
The goal of this patch is to improve the throughput analysis in llvm-mca for the
case where instructions perform partial register writes.
On x86, partial register writes are quite difficult to model, mainly because
different processors tend to implement different register merging schemes in
hardware.
When the code contains partial register writes, the IPC (instructions per
cycles) estimated by llvm-mca tends to diverge quite significantly from the
observed IPC (using perf).
Modern AMD processors (at least, from Bulldozer onwards) don't rename partial
registers. Quoting Agner Fog's microarchitecture.pdf:
" The processor always keeps the different parts of an integer register together.
For example, AL and AH are not treated as independent by the out-of-order
execution mechanism. An instruction that writes to part of a register will
therefore have a false dependence on any previous write to the same register or
any part of it."
This patch is a first important step towards improving the analysis of partial
register updates. It changes the semantic of RegisterFile descriptors in
tablegen, and teaches llvm-mca how to identify false dependences in the presence
of partial register writes (for more details: see the new code comments in
include/Target/TargetSchedule.h - class RegisterFile).
This patch doesn't address the case where a write to a part of a register is
followed by a read from the whole register. On Intel chips, high8 registers
(AH/BH/CH/DH)) can be stored in separate physical registers. However, a later
(dirty) read of the full register (example: AX/EAX) triggers a merge uOp, which
adds extra latency (and potentially affects the pipe usage).
This is a very interesting article on the subject with a very informative answer
from Peter Cordes:
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45660139/how-exactly-do-partial-registers-on-haswell-skylake-perform-writing-al-seems-to
In future, the definition of RegisterFile can be extended with extra information
that may be used to identify delays caused by merge opcodes triggered by a dirty
read of a partial write.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D49196
llvm-svn: 337123
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This patch moves the construction of the default backend from llvm-mca.cpp and
into mca::Context. The Context class is responsible for holding ownership of
the simulated hardware components. These components are subclasses of
HardwareUnit. Right now the HardwareUnit is pretty bare-bones, but eventually
we might want to add some common functionality across all hardware components,
such as isReady() or something similar.
I have a feeling this patch will probably need some updates, but it's a start.
One thing I am not particularly fond of is the rather large interface for
createDefaultPipeline. That convenience routine takes a rather large set of
inputs from the llvm-mca driver, where many of those inputs are generated via
command line options.
One item I think we might want to change is the separating of ownership of
hardware components (owned by the context) and the pipeline (which owns
Stages). In short, a Pipeline owns Stages, a Context (currently) owns hardware.
The Pipeline's Stages make use of the components, and thus there is a lifetime
dependency generated. The components must outlive the pipeline. We could solve
this by having the Context also own the Pipeline, and not return a
unique_ptr<Pipeline>. Now that I think about it, I like that idea more.
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D48691
llvm-svn: 336456
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This patch introduces a new class named WriteRef. A WriteRef is used by the
RegisterFile to keep track of register definitions. Internally it wraps a
WriteState, as well as the source index of the defining instruction.
This patch allows the tool to propagate additional information to support future
analysis on data dependencies.
llvm-svn: 335867
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Also, rename fields `TotalMappings` and `NumUsedMappings` in struct
RegisterMappingTracker into `NumPhysRegs` and `NumUsedPhysRegs`.
llvm-svn: 335219
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Summary: This change will help us turn the DispatchUnit into its own stage.
Reviewers: andreadb, RKSimon, courbet
Reviewed By: andreadb, courbet
Subscribers: mgorny, tschuett, gbedwell, llvm-commits
Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D46916
llvm-svn: 332493
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