[PGO] MST based PGO instrumentation infrastructure

This patch implements a minimum spanning tree (MST) based instrumentation for
PGO. The use of MST guarantees minimum number of CFG edges getting
instrumented. An addition optimization is to instrument the less executed
edges to further reduce the instrumentation overhead. The patch contains both the
instrumentation and the use of the profile to set the branch weights.

Differential Revision: http://reviews.llvm.org/D12781

llvm-svn: 254021

1 files changed, 210 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/llvm/lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/CFGMST.h b/llvm/lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/CFGMST.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3f0496d3073
--- /dev/null
+++ b/llvm/lib/Transforms/Instrumentation/CFGMST.h
@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+//===-- CFGMST.h - Minimum Spanning Tree for CFG -------*- C++ -*-===//
+//
+//                      The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file implements Union-find algorithm to compute Minimum Spanning Tree
+// for a given CFG.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#include "llvm/ADT/DenseMap.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/BranchProbability.h"
+#include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/BasicBlockUtils.h"
+#include "llvm/Analysis/CFG.h"
+#include "llvm/Analysis/BranchProbabilityInfo.h"
+#include "llvm/Analysis/BlockFrequencyInfo.h"
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <utility>
+
+namespace llvm {
+
+#define DEBUG_TYPE "cfgmst"
+
+template <class Edge, class BBInfo> class CFGMST {
+public:
+  Function &F;
+
+  // Store all the edges in CFG. It may contain some stale edges
+  // when Removed is set.
+  std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Edge>> AllEdges;
+
+  // This map records the auxiliary information for each BB.
+  DenseMap<const BasicBlock *, std::unique_ptr<BBInfo>> BBInfos;
+
+  // Find the root group of the G and compress the path from G to the root.
+  BBInfo *findAndCompressGroup(BBInfo *G) {
+    if (G->Group != G)
+      G->Group = findAndCompressGroup(static_cast<BBInfo *>(G->Group));
+    return static_cast<BBInfo *>(G->Group);
+  }
+
+  // Union BB1 and BB2 into the same group and return true.
+  // Returns false if BB1 and BB2 are already in the same group.
+  bool unionGroups(const BasicBlock *BB1, const BasicBlock *BB2) {
+    BBInfo *BB1G = findAndCompressGroup(&getBBInfo(BB1));
+    BBInfo *BB2G = findAndCompressGroup(&getBBInfo(BB2));
+
+    if (BB1G == BB2G)
+      return false;
+
+    // Make the smaller rank tree a direct child or the root of high rank tree.
+    if (BB1G->Rank < BB2G->Rank)
+      BB1G->Group = BB2G;
+    else {
+      BB2G->Group = BB1G;
+      // If the ranks are the same, increment root of one tree by one.
+      if (BB1G->Rank == BB2G->Rank)
+        BB1G->Rank++;
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  // Give BB, return the auxiliary information.
+  BBInfo &getBBInfo(const BasicBlock *BB) const {
+    auto It = BBInfos.find(BB);
+    assert(It->second.get() != nullptr);
+    return *It->second.get();
+  }
+
+  // Traverse the CFG using a stack. Find all the edges and assign the weight.
+  // Edges with large weight will be put into MST first so they are less likely
+  // to be instrumented.
+  void buildEdges() {
+    DEBUG(dbgs() << "Build Edge on " << F.getName() << "\n");
+
+    const BasicBlock *BB = &(F.getEntryBlock());
+    // Add a fake edge to the entry.
+    addEdge(nullptr, BB, BFI->getEntryFreq());
+
+    // Special handling for single BB functions.
+    if (succ_empty(BB)) {
+      addEdge(BB, nullptr, BFI->getEntryFreq());
+      return;
+    }
+
+    static const uint32_t CriticalEdgeMultiplier = 1000;
+
+    for (Function::iterator BB = F.begin(), E = F.end(); BB != E; ++BB) {
+      TerminatorInst *TI = BB->getTerminator();
+      uint64_t BBWeight = BFI->getBlockFreq(&*BB).getFrequency();
+      uint64_t Weight;
+      if (int successors = TI->getNumSuccessors()) {
+        for (uint32_t i = 0; i != successors; ++i) {
+          BasicBlock *TargetBB = TI->getSuccessor(i);
+          bool Critical = isCriticalEdge(TI, i);
+          uint64_t scaleFactor = BBWeight;
+          if (Critical) {
+            if (scaleFactor < UINT64_MAX / CriticalEdgeMultiplier)
+              scaleFactor *= CriticalEdgeMultiplier;
+            else
+              scaleFactor = UINT64_MAX;
+          }
+          Weight = BPI->getEdgeProbability(&*BB, TargetBB).scale(scaleFactor);
+          addEdge(&*BB, TargetBB, Weight).IsCritical = Critical;
+          DEBUG(dbgs() << "  Edge: from " << BB->getName() << " to "
+                       << TargetBB->getName() << "  w=" << Weight << "\n");
+        }
+      } else {
+        addEdge(&*BB, nullptr, BBWeight);
+        DEBUG(dbgs() << "  Edge: from " << BB->getName() << " to exit"
+                     << " w = " << BBWeight << "\n");
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Sort CFG edges based on its weight.
+  void sortEdgesByWeight() {
+    std::sort(
+        AllEdges.begin(), AllEdges.end(),
+        [](const std::unique_ptr<Edge> &lhs, const std::unique_ptr<Edge> &rhs) {
+          return lhs->Weight > rhs->Weight;
+        });
+  }
+
+  // Traverse all the edges and compute the Minimum Weight Spanning Tree
+  // using union-find algorithm.
+  void computeMinimumSpanningTree() {
+    // First, put all the critical edge with landing-pad as the Dest to MST.
+    // This works around the insufficient support of critical edges split
+    // when destination BB is a landing pad.
+    for (auto &Ei : AllEdges) {
+      if (Ei->Removed)
+        continue;
+      if (Ei->IsCritical) {
+        if (Ei->DestBB && Ei->DestBB->isLandingPad()) {
+          if (unionGroups(Ei->SrcBB, Ei->DestBB))
+            Ei->InMST = true;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    for (auto &Ei : AllEdges) {
+      if (Ei->Removed)
+        continue;
+      if (unionGroups(Ei->SrcBB, Ei->DestBB))
+        Ei->InMST = true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Dump the Debug information about the instrumentation.
+  void dumpEdges(raw_ostream &OS, const StringRef Message = StringRef()) const {
+    if (!Message.empty())
+      OS << Message << "\n";
+    OS << "  Number of Basic Blocks: " << BBInfos.size() << "\n";
+    for (auto &BI : BBInfos) {
+      const BasicBlock *BB = BI.first;
+      OS << "  BB: " << (BB == nullptr ? "FakeNode" : BB->getName()) << "  "
+         << BI.second->infoString() << "\n";
+    }
+
+    OS << "  Number of Edges: " << AllEdges.size()
+       << " (*: Instrument, C: CriticalEdge, -: Removed)\n";
+    uint32_t Count = 0;
+    for (auto &EI : AllEdges) {
+      OS << "  Edge " << Count++ << ": " << getBBInfo(EI->SrcBB).Index << "-->"
+         << getBBInfo(EI->DestBB).Index << EI->infoString() << "\n";
+    };
+  }
+
+  // Add an edge to AllEdges with weight W.
+  Edge &addEdge(const BasicBlock *Src, const BasicBlock *Dest, uint64_t W) {
+    uint32_t Index = BBInfos.size();
+    auto Iter = BBInfos.end();
+    bool Inserted;
+    std::tie(Iter, Inserted) = BBInfos.insert(std::make_pair(Src, nullptr));
+    if (Inserted) {
+      // Newly inserted, update the real info.
+      Iter->second = std::move(llvm::make_unique<BBInfo>(Index));
+      Index++;
+    }
+    std::tie(Iter, Inserted) = BBInfos.insert(std::make_pair(Dest, nullptr));
+    if (Inserted)
+      // Newly inserted, update the real info.
+      Iter->second = std::move(llvm::make_unique<BBInfo>(Index));
+    AllEdges.emplace_back(new Edge(Src, Dest, W));
+    return *AllEdges.back();
+  }
+
+  BranchProbabilityInfo *BPI;
+  BlockFrequencyInfo *BFI;
+
+public:
+  CFGMST(Function &Func, BranchProbabilityInfo *BPI_ = nullptr,
+         BlockFrequencyInfo *BFI_ = nullptr)
+      : F(Func), BPI(BPI_), BFI(BFI_) {
+    buildEdges();
+    sortEdgesByWeight();
+    computeMinimumSpanningTree();
+  }
+};
+
+#undef DEBUG_TYPE // "cfgmst"
+} // end namespace llvm