diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'tools/testing/selftests/bpf/test_verifier.c')
-rw-r--r-- | tools/testing/selftests/bpf/test_verifier.c | 371 |
1 files changed, 293 insertions, 78 deletions
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/test_verifier.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/test_verifier.c index 477a9dcf9fff..d27fd929abb9 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/test_verifier.c +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/test_verifier.c @@ -1,13 +1,10 @@ +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only /* * Testsuite for eBPF verifier * * Copyright (c) 2014 PLUMgrid, http://plumgrid.com * Copyright (c) 2017 Facebook * Copyright (c) 2018 Covalent IO, Inc. http://covalent.io - * - * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or - * modify it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public - * License as published by the Free Software Foundation. */ #include <endian.h> @@ -47,11 +44,13 @@ #include "bpf_rlimit.h" #include "bpf_rand.h" #include "bpf_util.h" +#include "test_btf.h" #include "../../../include/linux/filter.h" #define MAX_INSNS BPF_MAXINSNS +#define MAX_TEST_INSNS 1000000 #define MAX_FIXUPS 8 -#define MAX_NR_MAPS 14 +#define MAX_NR_MAPS 19 #define MAX_TEST_RUNS 8 #define POINTER_VALUE 0xcafe4all #define TEST_DATA_LEN 64 @@ -62,10 +61,12 @@ #define UNPRIV_SYSCTL "kernel/unprivileged_bpf_disabled" static bool unpriv_disabled = false; static int skips; +static bool verbose = false; struct bpf_test { const char *descr; struct bpf_insn insns[MAX_INSNS]; + struct bpf_insn *fill_insns; int fixup_map_hash_8b[MAX_FIXUPS]; int fixup_map_hash_48b[MAX_FIXUPS]; int fixup_map_hash_16b[MAX_FIXUPS]; @@ -80,26 +81,38 @@ struct bpf_test { int fixup_cgroup_storage[MAX_FIXUPS]; int fixup_percpu_cgroup_storage[MAX_FIXUPS]; int fixup_map_spin_lock[MAX_FIXUPS]; + int fixup_map_array_ro[MAX_FIXUPS]; + int fixup_map_array_wo[MAX_FIXUPS]; + int fixup_map_array_small[MAX_FIXUPS]; + int fixup_sk_storage_map[MAX_FIXUPS]; + int fixup_map_event_output[MAX_FIXUPS]; const char *errstr; const char *errstr_unpriv; - uint32_t retval, retval_unpriv, insn_processed; + uint32_t insn_processed; + int prog_len; enum { UNDEF, ACCEPT, - REJECT + REJECT, + VERBOSE_ACCEPT, } result, result_unpriv; enum bpf_prog_type prog_type; uint8_t flags; - __u8 data[TEST_DATA_LEN]; void (*fill_helper)(struct bpf_test *self); uint8_t runs; - struct { - uint32_t retval, retval_unpriv; - union { - __u8 data[TEST_DATA_LEN]; - __u64 data64[TEST_DATA_LEN / 8]; - }; - } retvals[MAX_TEST_RUNS]; +#define bpf_testdata_struct_t \ + struct { \ + uint32_t retval, retval_unpriv; \ + union { \ + __u8 data[TEST_DATA_LEN]; \ + __u64 data64[TEST_DATA_LEN / 8]; \ + }; \ + } + union { + bpf_testdata_struct_t; + bpf_testdata_struct_t retvals[MAX_TEST_RUNS]; + }; + enum bpf_attach_type expected_attach_type; }; /* Note we want this to be 64 bit aligned so that the end of our array is @@ -119,49 +132,61 @@ struct other_val { static void bpf_fill_ld_abs_vlan_push_pop(struct bpf_test *self) { - /* test: {skb->data[0], vlan_push} x 68 + {skb->data[0], vlan_pop} x 68 */ + /* test: {skb->data[0], vlan_push} x 51 + {skb->data[0], vlan_pop} x 51 */ #define PUSH_CNT 51 - unsigned int len = BPF_MAXINSNS; - struct bpf_insn *insn = self->insns; + /* jump range is limited to 16 bit. PUSH_CNT of ld_abs needs room */ + unsigned int len = (1 << 15) - PUSH_CNT * 2 * 5 * 6; + struct bpf_insn *insn = self->fill_insns; int i = 0, j, k = 0; insn[i++] = BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_6, BPF_REG_1); loop: for (j = 0; j < PUSH_CNT; j++) { insn[i++] = BPF_LD_ABS(BPF_B, 0); - insn[i] = BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JNE, BPF_REG_0, 0x34, len - i - 2); + /* jump to error label */ + insn[i] = BPF_JMP32_IMM(BPF_JNE, BPF_REG_0, 0x34, len - i - 3); i++; insn[i++] = BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_1, BPF_REG_6); insn[i++] = BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_2, 1); insn[i++] = BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_3, 2); insn[i++] = BPF_RAW_INSN(BPF_JMP | BPF_CALL, 0, 0, 0, BPF_FUNC_skb_vlan_push), - insn[i] = BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JNE, BPF_REG_0, 0, len - i - 2); + insn[i] = BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JNE, BPF_REG_0, 0, len - i - 3); i++; } for (j = 0; j < PUSH_CNT; j++) { insn[i++] = BPF_LD_ABS(BPF_B, 0); - insn[i] = BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JNE, BPF_REG_0, 0x34, len - i - 2); + insn[i] = BPF_JMP32_IMM(BPF_JNE, BPF_REG_0, 0x34, len - i - 3); i++; insn[i++] = BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_1, BPF_REG_6); insn[i++] = BPF_RAW_INSN(BPF_JMP | BPF_CALL, 0, 0, 0, BPF_FUNC_skb_vlan_pop), - insn[i] = BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JNE, BPF_REG_0, 0, len - i - 2); + insn[i] = BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JNE, BPF_REG_0, 0, len - i - 3); i++; } if (++k < 5) goto loop; - for (; i < len - 1; i++) - insn[i] = BPF_ALU32_IMM(BPF_MOV, BPF_REG_0, 0xbef); + for (; i < len - 3; i++) + insn[i] = BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_MOV, BPF_REG_0, 0xbef); + insn[len - 3] = BPF_JMP_A(1); + /* error label */ + insn[len - 2] = BPF_MOV32_IMM(BPF_REG_0, 0); insn[len - 1] = BPF_EXIT_INSN(); + self->prog_len = len; } static void bpf_fill_jump_around_ld_abs(struct bpf_test *self) { - struct bpf_insn *insn = self->insns; - unsigned int len = BPF_MAXINSNS; + struct bpf_insn *insn = self->fill_insns; + /* jump range is limited to 16 bit. every ld_abs is replaced by 6 insns, + * but on arches like arm, ppc etc, there will be one BPF_ZEXT inserted + * to extend the error value of the inlined ld_abs sequence which then + * contains 7 insns. so, set the dividend to 7 so the testcase could + * work on all arches. + */ + unsigned int len = (1 << 15) / 7; int i = 0; insn[i++] = BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_6, BPF_REG_1); @@ -171,11 +196,12 @@ static void bpf_fill_jump_around_ld_abs(struct bpf_test *self) while (i < len - 1) insn[i++] = BPF_LD_ABS(BPF_B, 1); insn[i] = BPF_EXIT_INSN(); + self->prog_len = i + 1; } static void bpf_fill_rand_ld_dw(struct bpf_test *self) { - struct bpf_insn *insn = self->insns; + struct bpf_insn *insn = self->fill_insns; uint64_t res = 0; int i = 0; @@ -193,12 +219,83 @@ static void bpf_fill_rand_ld_dw(struct bpf_test *self) insn[i++] = BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_RSH, BPF_REG_1, 32); insn[i++] = BPF_ALU64_REG(BPF_XOR, BPF_REG_0, BPF_REG_1); insn[i] = BPF_EXIT_INSN(); + self->prog_len = i + 1; res ^= (res >> 32); self->retval = (uint32_t)res; } +#define MAX_JMP_SEQ 8192 + +/* test the sequence of 8k jumps */ +static void bpf_fill_scale1(struct bpf_test *self) +{ + struct bpf_insn *insn = self->fill_insns; + int i = 0, k = 0; + + insn[i++] = BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_6, BPF_REG_1); + /* test to check that the long sequence of jumps is acceptable */ + while (k++ < MAX_JMP_SEQ) { + insn[i++] = BPF_RAW_INSN(BPF_JMP | BPF_CALL, 0, 0, 0, + BPF_FUNC_get_prandom_u32); + insn[i++] = BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JEQ, BPF_REG_0, bpf_semi_rand_get(), 2); + insn[i++] = BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_1, BPF_REG_10); + insn[i++] = BPF_STX_MEM(BPF_DW, BPF_REG_1, BPF_REG_6, + -8 * (k % 64 + 1)); + } + /* is_state_visited() doesn't allocate state for pruning for every jump. + * Hence multiply jmps by 4 to accommodate that heuristic + */ + while (i < MAX_TEST_INSNS - MAX_JMP_SEQ * 4) + insn[i++] = BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_MOV, BPF_REG_0, 42); + insn[i] = BPF_EXIT_INSN(); + self->prog_len = i + 1; + self->retval = 42; +} + +/* test the sequence of 8k jumps in inner most function (function depth 8)*/ +static void bpf_fill_scale2(struct bpf_test *self) +{ + struct bpf_insn *insn = self->fill_insns; + int i = 0, k = 0; + +#define FUNC_NEST 7 + for (k = 0; k < FUNC_NEST; k++) { + insn[i++] = BPF_CALL_REL(1); + insn[i++] = BPF_EXIT_INSN(); + } + insn[i++] = BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_6, BPF_REG_1); + /* test to check that the long sequence of jumps is acceptable */ + k = 0; + while (k++ < MAX_JMP_SEQ) { + insn[i++] = BPF_RAW_INSN(BPF_JMP | BPF_CALL, 0, 0, 0, + BPF_FUNC_get_prandom_u32); + insn[i++] = BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JEQ, BPF_REG_0, bpf_semi_rand_get(), 2); + insn[i++] = BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_1, BPF_REG_10); + insn[i++] = BPF_STX_MEM(BPF_DW, BPF_REG_1, BPF_REG_6, + -8 * (k % (64 - 4 * FUNC_NEST) + 1)); + } + while (i < MAX_TEST_INSNS - MAX_JMP_SEQ * 4) + insn[i++] = BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_MOV, BPF_REG_0, 42); + insn[i] = BPF_EXIT_INSN(); + self->prog_len = i + 1; + self->retval = 42; +} + +static void bpf_fill_scale(struct bpf_test *self) +{ + switch (self->retval) { + case 1: + return bpf_fill_scale1(self); + case 2: + return bpf_fill_scale2(self); + default: + self->prog_len = 0; + break; + } +} + /* BPF_SK_LOOKUP contains 13 instructions, if you need to fix up maps */ -#define BPF_SK_LOOKUP \ +#define BPF_SK_LOOKUP(func) \ /* struct bpf_sock_tuple tuple = {} */ \ BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_2, 0), \ BPF_STX_MEM(BPF_W, BPF_REG_10, BPF_REG_2, -8), \ @@ -207,13 +304,13 @@ static void bpf_fill_rand_ld_dw(struct bpf_test *self) BPF_STX_MEM(BPF_DW, BPF_REG_10, BPF_REG_2, -32), \ BPF_STX_MEM(BPF_DW, BPF_REG_10, BPF_REG_2, -40), \ BPF_STX_MEM(BPF_DW, BPF_REG_10, BPF_REG_2, -48), \ - /* sk = sk_lookup_tcp(ctx, &tuple, sizeof tuple, 0, 0) */ \ + /* sk = func(ctx, &tuple, sizeof tuple, 0, 0) */ \ BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_2, BPF_REG_10), \ BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_ADD, BPF_REG_2, -48), \ BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_3, sizeof(struct bpf_sock_tuple)), \ BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_4, 0), \ BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_5, 0), \ - BPF_EMIT_CALL(BPF_FUNC_sk_lookup_tcp) + BPF_EMIT_CALL(BPF_FUNC_ ## func) /* BPF_DIRECT_PKT_R2 contains 7 instructions, it initializes default return * value into 0 and does necessary preparation for direct packet access @@ -277,13 +374,15 @@ static bool skip_unsupported_map(enum bpf_map_type map_type) return false; } -static int create_map(uint32_t type, uint32_t size_key, - uint32_t size_value, uint32_t max_elem) +static int __create_map(uint32_t type, uint32_t size_key, + uint32_t size_value, uint32_t max_elem, + uint32_t extra_flags) { int fd; fd = bpf_create_map(type, size_key, size_value, max_elem, - type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH ? BPF_F_NO_PREALLOC : 0); + (type == BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH ? + BPF_F_NO_PREALLOC : 0) | extra_flags); if (fd < 0) { if (skip_unsupported_map(type)) return -1; @@ -293,6 +392,12 @@ static int create_map(uint32_t type, uint32_t size_key, return fd; } +static int create_map(uint32_t type, uint32_t size_key, + uint32_t size_value, uint32_t max_elem) +{ + return __create_map(type, size_key, size_value, max_elem, 0); +} + static void update_map(int fd, int index) { struct test_val value = { @@ -408,24 +513,6 @@ static int create_cgroup_storage(bool percpu) return fd; } -#define BTF_INFO_ENC(kind, kind_flag, vlen) \ - ((!!(kind_flag) << 31) | ((kind) << 24) | ((vlen) & BTF_MAX_VLEN)) -#define BTF_TYPE_ENC(name, info, size_or_type) \ - (name), (info), (size_or_type) -#define BTF_INT_ENC(encoding, bits_offset, nr_bits) \ - ((encoding) << 24 | (bits_offset) << 16 | (nr_bits)) -#define BTF_TYPE_INT_ENC(name, encoding, bits_offset, bits, sz) \ - BTF_TYPE_ENC(name, BTF_INFO_ENC(BTF_KIND_INT, 0, 0), sz), \ - BTF_INT_ENC(encoding, bits_offset, bits) -#define BTF_MEMBER_ENC(name, type, bits_offset) \ - (name), (type), (bits_offset) - -struct btf_raw_data { - __u32 raw_types[64]; - const char *str_sec; - __u32 str_sec_size; -}; - /* struct bpf_spin_lock { * int val; * }; @@ -500,6 +587,31 @@ static int create_map_spin_lock(void) return fd; } +static int create_sk_storage_map(void) +{ + struct bpf_create_map_attr attr = { + .name = "test_map", + .map_type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_SK_STORAGE, + .key_size = 4, + .value_size = 8, + .max_entries = 0, + .map_flags = BPF_F_NO_PREALLOC, + .btf_key_type_id = 1, + .btf_value_type_id = 3, + }; + int fd, btf_fd; + + btf_fd = load_btf(); + if (btf_fd < 0) + return -1; + attr.btf_fd = btf_fd; + fd = bpf_create_map_xattr(&attr); + close(attr.btf_fd); + if (fd < 0) + printf("Failed to create sk_storage_map\n"); + return fd; +} + static char bpf_vlog[UINT_MAX >> 8]; static void do_test_fixup(struct bpf_test *test, enum bpf_prog_type prog_type, @@ -519,9 +631,16 @@ static void do_test_fixup(struct bpf_test *test, enum bpf_prog_type prog_type, int *fixup_cgroup_storage = test->fixup_cgroup_storage; int *fixup_percpu_cgroup_storage = test->fixup_percpu_cgroup_storage; int *fixup_map_spin_lock = test->fixup_map_spin_lock; - - if (test->fill_helper) + int *fixup_map_array_ro = test->fixup_map_array_ro; + int *fixup_map_array_wo = test->fixup_map_array_wo; + int *fixup_map_array_small = test->fixup_map_array_small; + int *fixup_sk_storage_map = test->fixup_sk_storage_map; + int *fixup_map_event_output = test->fixup_map_event_output; + + if (test->fill_helper) { + test->fill_insns = calloc(MAX_TEST_INSNS, sizeof(struct bpf_insn)); test->fill_helper(test); + } /* Allocating HTs with 1 elem is fine here, since we only test * for verifier and not do a runtime lookup, so the only thing @@ -642,6 +761,50 @@ static void do_test_fixup(struct bpf_test *test, enum bpf_prog_type prog_type, fixup_map_spin_lock++; } while (*fixup_map_spin_lock); } + if (*fixup_map_array_ro) { + map_fds[14] = __create_map(BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY, sizeof(int), + sizeof(struct test_val), 1, + BPF_F_RDONLY_PROG); + update_map(map_fds[14], 0); + do { + prog[*fixup_map_array_ro].imm = map_fds[14]; + fixup_map_array_ro++; + } while (*fixup_map_array_ro); + } + if (*fixup_map_array_wo) { + map_fds[15] = __create_map(BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY, sizeof(int), + sizeof(struct test_val), 1, + BPF_F_WRONLY_PROG); + update_map(map_fds[15], 0); + do { + prog[*fixup_map_array_wo].imm = map_fds[15]; + fixup_map_array_wo++; + } while (*fixup_map_array_wo); + } + if (*fixup_map_array_small) { + map_fds[16] = __create_map(BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY, sizeof(int), + 1, 1, 0); + update_map(map_fds[16], 0); + do { + prog[*fixup_map_array_small].imm = map_fds[16]; + fixup_map_array_small++; + } while (*fixup_map_array_small); + } + if (*fixup_sk_storage_map) { + map_fds[17] = create_sk_storage_map(); + do { + prog[*fixup_sk_storage_map].imm = map_fds[17]; + fixup_sk_storage_map++; + } while (*fixup_sk_storage_map); + } + if (*fixup_map_event_output) { + map_fds[18] = __create_map(BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERF_EVENT_ARRAY, + sizeof(int), sizeof(int), 1, 0); + do { + prog[*fixup_map_event_output].imm = map_fds[18]; + fixup_map_event_output++; + } while (*fixup_map_event_output); + } } static int set_admin(bool admin) @@ -698,12 +861,43 @@ static int do_prog_test_run(int fd_prog, bool unpriv, uint32_t expected_val, return 0; } +static bool cmp_str_seq(const char *log, const char *exp) +{ + char needle[80]; + const char *p, *q; + int len; + + do { + p = strchr(exp, '\t'); + if (!p) + p = exp + strlen(exp); + + len = p - exp; + if (len >= sizeof(needle) || !len) { + printf("FAIL\nTestcase bug\n"); + return false; + } + strncpy(needle, exp, len); + needle[len] = 0; + q = strstr(log, needle); + if (!q) { + printf("FAIL\nUnexpected verifier log in successful load!\n" + "EXP: %s\nRES:\n", needle); + return false; + } + log = q + len; + exp = p + 1; + } while (*p); + return true; +} + static void do_test_single(struct bpf_test *test, bool unpriv, int *passes, int *errors) { int fd_prog, expected_ret, alignment_prevented_execution; int prog_len, prog_type = test->prog_type; struct bpf_insn *prog = test->insns; + struct bpf_load_program_attr attr; int run_errs, run_successes; int map_fds[MAX_NR_MAPS]; const char *expected_err; @@ -718,34 +912,49 @@ static void do_test_single(struct bpf_test *test, bool unpriv, prog_type = BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCKET_FILTER; fixup_skips = skips; do_test_fixup(test, prog_type, prog, map_fds); + if (test->fill_insns) { + prog = test->fill_insns; + prog_len = test->prog_len; + } else { + prog_len = probe_filter_length(prog); + } /* If there were some map skips during fixup due to missing bpf * features, skip this test. */ if (fixup_skips != skips) return; - prog_len = probe_filter_length(prog); - pflags = 0; + pflags = BPF_F_TEST_RND_HI32; if (test->flags & F_LOAD_WITH_STRICT_ALIGNMENT) pflags |= BPF_F_STRICT_ALIGNMENT; if (test->flags & F_NEEDS_EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS) pflags |= BPF_F_ANY_ALIGNMENT; - fd_prog = bpf_verify_program(prog_type, prog, prog_len, pflags, - "GPL", 0, bpf_vlog, sizeof(bpf_vlog), 1); - if (fd_prog < 0 && !bpf_probe_prog_type(prog_type, 0)) { - printf("SKIP (unsupported program type %d)\n", prog_type); - skips++; - goto close_fds; - } + if (test->flags & ~3) + pflags |= test->flags; expected_ret = unpriv && test->result_unpriv != UNDEF ? test->result_unpriv : test->result; expected_err = unpriv && test->errstr_unpriv ? test->errstr_unpriv : test->errstr; + memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr)); + attr.prog_type = prog_type; + attr.expected_attach_type = test->expected_attach_type; + attr.insns = prog; + attr.insns_cnt = prog_len; + attr.license = "GPL"; + attr.log_level = verbose || expected_ret == VERBOSE_ACCEPT ? 1 : 4; + attr.prog_flags = pflags; + + fd_prog = bpf_load_program_xattr(&attr, bpf_vlog, sizeof(bpf_vlog)); + if (fd_prog < 0 && !bpf_probe_prog_type(prog_type, 0)) { + printf("SKIP (unsupported program type %d)\n", prog_type); + skips++; + goto close_fds; + } alignment_prevented_execution = 0; - if (expected_ret == ACCEPT) { + if (expected_ret == ACCEPT || expected_ret == VERBOSE_ACCEPT) { if (fd_prog < 0) { printf("FAIL\nFailed to load prog '%s'!\n", strerror(errno)); @@ -756,12 +965,15 @@ static void do_test_single(struct bpf_test *test, bool unpriv, (test->flags & F_NEEDS_EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS)) alignment_prevented_execution = 1; #endif + if (expected_ret == VERBOSE_ACCEPT && !cmp_str_seq(bpf_vlog, expected_err)) { + goto fail_log; + } } else { if (fd_prog >= 0) { printf("FAIL\nUnexpected success to load!\n"); goto fail_log; } - if (!strstr(bpf_vlog, expected_err)) { + if (!expected_err || !strstr(bpf_vlog, expected_err)) { printf("FAIL\nUnexpected error message!\n\tEXP: %s\n\tRES: %s\n", expected_err, bpf_vlog); goto fail_log; @@ -781,23 +993,17 @@ static void do_test_single(struct bpf_test *test, bool unpriv, } } + if (verbose) + printf(", verifier log:\n%s", bpf_vlog); + run_errs = 0; run_successes = 0; if (!alignment_prevented_execution && fd_prog >= 0) { uint32_t expected_val; int i; - if (!test->runs) { - expected_val = unpriv && test->retval_unpriv ? - test->retval_unpriv : test->retval; - - err = do_prog_test_run(fd_prog, unpriv, expected_val, - test->data, sizeof(test->data)); - if (err) - run_errs++; - else - run_successes++; - } + if (!test->runs) + test->runs = 1; for (i = 0; i < test->runs; i++) { if (unpriv && test->retvals[i].retval_unpriv) @@ -830,6 +1036,8 @@ static void do_test_single(struct bpf_test *test, bool unpriv, goto fail_log; } close_fds: + if (test->fill_insns) + free(test->fill_insns); close(fd_prog); for (i = 0; i < MAX_NR_MAPS; i++) close(map_fds[i]); @@ -928,17 +1136,24 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) { unsigned int from = 0, to = ARRAY_SIZE(tests); bool unpriv = !is_admin(); + int arg = 1; + + if (argc > 1 && strcmp(argv[1], "-v") == 0) { + arg++; + verbose = true; + argc--; + } if (argc == 3) { - unsigned int l = atoi(argv[argc - 2]); - unsigned int u = atoi(argv[argc - 1]); + unsigned int l = atoi(argv[arg]); + unsigned int u = atoi(argv[arg + 1]); if (l < to && u < to) { from = l; to = u + 1; } } else if (argc == 2) { - unsigned int t = atoi(argv[argc - 1]); + unsigned int t = atoi(argv[arg]); if (t < to) { from = t; |