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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup
Pull cgroup updates from Tejun Heo:
"A lot of activities on cgroup side. Heavy restructuring including
locking simplification took place to improve the code base and enable
implementation of the unified hierarchy, which currently exists behind
a __DEVEL__ mount option. The core support is mostly complete but
individual controllers need further work. To explain the design and
rationales of the the unified hierarchy
Documentation/cgroups/unified-hierarchy.txt
is added.
Another notable change is css (cgroup_subsys_state - what each
controller uses to identify and interact with a cgroup) iteration
update. This is part of continuing updates on css object lifetime and
visibility. cgroup started with reference count draining on removal
way back and is now reaching a point where csses behave and are
iterated like normal refcnted objects albeit with some complexities to
allow distinguishing the state where they're being deleted. The css
iteration update isn't taken advantage of yet but is planned to be
used to simplify memcg significantly"
* 'for-3.16' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup: (77 commits)
cgroup: disallow disabled controllers on the default hierarchy
cgroup: don't destroy the default root
cgroup: disallow debug controller on the default hierarchy
cgroup: clean up MAINTAINERS entries
cgroup: implement css_tryget()
device_cgroup: use css_has_online_children() instead of has_children()
cgroup: convert cgroup_has_live_children() into css_has_online_children()
cgroup: use CSS_ONLINE instead of CGRP_DEAD
cgroup: iterate cgroup_subsys_states directly
cgroup: introduce CSS_RELEASED and reduce css iteration fallback window
cgroup: move cgroup->serial_nr into cgroup_subsys_state
cgroup: link all cgroup_subsys_states in their sibling lists
cgroup: move cgroup->sibling and ->children into cgroup_subsys_state
cgroup: remove cgroup->parent
device_cgroup: remove direct access to cgroup->children
memcg: update memcg_has_children() to use css_next_child()
memcg: remove tasks/children test from mem_cgroup_force_empty()
cgroup: remove css_parent()
cgroup: skip refcnting on normal root csses and cgrp_dfl_root self css
cgroup: use cgroup->self.refcnt for cgroup refcnting
...
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Convert all cftype->write_string() users to the new cftype->write()
which maps directly to kernfs write operation and has full access to
kernfs and cgroup contexts. The conversions are mostly mechanical.
* @css and @cft are accessed using of_css() and of_cft() accessors
respectively instead of being specified as arguments.
* Should return @nbytes on success instead of 0.
* @buf is not trimmed automatically. Trim if necessary. Note that
blkcg and netprio don't need this as the parsers already handle
whitespaces.
cftype->write_string() has no user left after the conversions and
removed.
While at it, remove unnecessary local variable @p in
cgroup_subtree_control_write() and stale comment about
CGROUP_LOCAL_BUFFER_SIZE in cgroup_freezer.c.
This patch doesn't introduce any visible behavior changes.
v2: netprio was missing from conversion. Converted.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Aristeu Rozanski <arozansk@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
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Fix format string mismatch in cfq_var_show()
Signed-off-by: Masanari Iida <standby24x7@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
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The queue parameter is never used, just get rid of it.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup
Pull cgroup updates from Tejun Heo:
"A lot updates for cgroup:
- The biggest one is cgroup's conversion to kernfs. cgroup took
after the long abandoned vfs-entangled sysfs implementation and
made it even more convoluted over time. cgroup's internal objects
were fused with vfs objects which also brought in vfs locking and
object lifetime rules. Naturally, there are places where vfs rules
don't fit and nasty hacks, such as credential switching or lock
dance interleaving inode mutex and cgroup_mutex with object serial
number comparison thrown in to decide whether the operation is
actually necessary, needed to be employed.
After conversion to kernfs, internal object lifetime and locking
rules are mostly isolated from vfs interactions allowing shedding
of several nasty hacks and overall simplification. This will also
allow implmentation of operations which may affect multiple cgroups
which weren't possible before as it would have required nesting
i_mutexes.
- Various simplifications including dropping of module support,
easier cgroup name/path handling, simplified cgroup file type
handling and task_cg_lists optimization.
- Prepatory changes for the planned unified hierarchy, which is still
a patchset away from being actually operational. The dummy
hierarchy is updated to serve as the default unified hierarchy.
Controllers which aren't claimed by other hierarchies are
associated with it, which BTW was what the dummy hierarchy was for
anyway.
- Various fixes from Li and others. This pull request includes some
patches to add missing slab.h to various subsystems. This was
triggered xattr.h include removal from cgroup.h. cgroup.h
indirectly got included a lot of files which brought in xattr.h
which brought in slab.h.
There are several merge commits - one to pull in kernfs updates
necessary for converting cgroup (already in upstream through
driver-core), others for interfering changes in the fixes branch"
* 'for-3.15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup: (74 commits)
cgroup: remove useless argument from cgroup_exit()
cgroup: fix spurious lockdep warning in cgroup_exit()
cgroup: Use RCU_INIT_POINTER(x, NULL) in cgroup.c
cgroup: break kernfs active_ref protection in cgroup directory operations
cgroup: fix cgroup_taskset walking order
cgroup: implement CFTYPE_ONLY_ON_DFL
cgroup: make cgrp_dfl_root mountable
cgroup: drop const from @buffer of cftype->write_string()
cgroup: rename cgroup_dummy_root and related names
cgroup: move ->subsys_mask from cgroupfs_root to cgroup
cgroup: treat cgroup_dummy_root as an equivalent hierarchy during rebinding
cgroup: remove NULL checks from [pr_cont_]cgroup_{name|path}()
cgroup: use cgroup_setup_root() to initialize cgroup_dummy_root
cgroup: reorganize cgroup bootstrapping
cgroup: relocate setting of CGRP_DEAD
cpuset: use rcu_read_lock() to protect task_cs()
cgroup_freezer: document freezer_fork() subtleties
cgroup: update cgroup_transfer_tasks() to either succeed or fail
cgroup: drop task_lock() protection around task->cgroups
cgroup: update how a newly forked task gets associated with css_set
...
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cftype->write_string() just passes on the writeable buffer from kernfs
and there's no reason to add const restriction on the buffer. The
only thing const achieves is unnecessarily complicating parsing of the
buffer. Drop const from @buffer.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@ghostprotocols.net>
Cc: Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
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cftype->max_write_len is used to extend the maximum size of writes.
It's interpreted in such a way that the actual maximum size is one
less than the specified value. The default size is defined by
CGROUP_LOCAL_BUFFER_SIZE. Its interpretation is quite confusing - its
value is decremented by 1 and then compared for equality with max
size, which means that the actual default size is
CGROUP_LOCAL_BUFFER_SIZE - 2, which is 62 chars.
There's no point in having a limit that low. Update its definition so
that it means the actual string length sans termination and anything
below PAGE_SIZE-1 is treated as PAGE_SIZE-1.
.max_write_len for "release_agent" is updated to PATH_MAX-1 and
cgroup_release_agent_write() is updated so that the redundant strlen()
check is removed and it uses strlcpy() instead of strcpy().
.max_write_len initializations in blk-throttle.c and cfq-iosched.c are
no longer necessary and removed. The one in cpuset is kept unchanged
as it's an approximated value to begin with.
This will also make transition to kernfs smoother.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
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Block layer currently abuses rq->csd.list.next for storing fifo_time.
That is a terrible hack and completely unnecessary as well. Union
achieves the same space saving in a cleaner way.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
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In preparation of conversion to kernfs, cgroup file handling is
updated so that it can be easily mapped to kernfs. This patch
replaces cftype->read_seq_string() with cftype->seq_show() which is
not limited to single_open() operation and will map directcly to
kernfs seq_file interface.
The conversions are mechanical. As ->seq_show() doesn't have @css and
@cft, the functions which make use of them are converted to use
seq_css() and seq_cft() respectively. In several occassions, e.f. if
it has seq_string in its name, the function name is updated to fit the
new method better.
This patch does not introduce any behavior changes.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Aristeu Rozanski <arozansk@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Daniel Wagner <daniel.wagner@bmw-carit.de>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Neil Horman <nhorman@tuxdriver.com>
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Now that seqcounts are lockdep enabled objects, we need to explicitly
initialize runtime allocated seqcounts so that lockdep can track them.
Without this patch, Fengguang was seeing:
[ 4.127282] INFO: trying to register non-static key.
[ 4.128027] the code is fine but needs lockdep annotation.
[ 4.128027] turning off the locking correctness validator.
[ 4.128027] CPU: 0 PID: 96 Comm: kworker/u4:1 Not tainted 3.12.0-next-20131108-10601-gbad570d #2
[ 4.128027] Hardware name: Bochs Bochs, BIOS Bochs 01/01/2011
[ ... ]
[ 4.128027] Call Trace:
[ 4.128027] [<7908e744>] ? console_unlock+0x353/0x380
[ 4.128027] [<79dc7cf2>] dump_stack+0x48/0x60
[ 4.128027] [<7908953e>] __lock_acquire.isra.26+0x7e3/0xceb
[ 4.128027] [<7908a1c5>] lock_acquire+0x71/0x9a
[ 4.128027] [<794079aa>] ? blk_throtl_bio+0x1c3/0x485
[ 4.128027] [<7940658b>] throtl_update_dispatch_stats+0x7c/0x153
[ 4.128027] [<794079aa>] ? blk_throtl_bio+0x1c3/0x485
[ 4.128027] [<794079aa>] blk_throtl_bio+0x1c3/0x485
...
Use u64_stats_init() for all affected data structures, which initializes
the seqcount.
Reported-and-Tested-by: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
[ Folded in another fix from the mailing list as well as a fix to that fix. Tweaked commit message. ]
Signed-off-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1384314134-6895-1-git-send-email-john.stultz@linaro.org
[ So I actually think that the two SOBs from PeterZ are the right depiction of the patch route. ]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Pull block IO fixes from Jens Axboe:
"After merge window, no new stuff this time only a collection of neatly
confined and simple fixes"
* 'for-3.12/core' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block:
cfq: explicitly use 64bit divide operation for 64bit arguments
block: Add nr_bios to block_rq_remap tracepoint
If the queue is dying then we only call the rq->end_io callout. This leaves bios setup on the request, because the caller assumes when the blk_execute_rq_nowait/blk_execute_rq call has completed that the rq->bios have been cleaned up.
bio-integrity: Fix use of bs->bio_integrity_pool after free
blkcg: relocate root_blkg setting and clearing
block: Convert kmalloc_node(...GFP_ZERO...) to kzalloc_node(...)
block: trace all devices plug operation
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'samples' is 64bit operant, but do_div() second parameter is 32.
do_div silently truncates high 32 bits and calculated result
is invalid.
In case if low 32bit of 'samples' are zeros then do_div() produces
kernel crash.
Signed-off-by: Anatol Pomozov <anatol.pomozov@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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Use the helper function instead of __GFP_ZERO.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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cgroup is currently in the process of transitioning to using struct
cgroup_subsys_state * as the primary handle instead of struct cgroup.
Please see the previous commit which converts the subsystem methods
for rationale.
This patch converts all cftype file operations to take @css instead of
@cgroup. cftypes for the cgroup core files don't have their subsytem
pointer set. These will automatically use the dummy_css added by the
previous patch and can be converted the same way.
Most subsystem conversions are straight forwards but there are some
interesting ones.
* freezer: update_if_frozen() is also converted to take @css instead
of @cgroup for consistency. This will make the code look simpler
too once iterators are converted to use css.
* memory/vmpressure: mem_cgroup_from_css() needs to be exported to
vmpressure while mem_cgroup_from_cont() can be made static.
Updated accordingly.
* cpu: cgroup_tg() doesn't have any user left. Removed.
* cpuacct: cgroup_ca() doesn't have any user left. Removed.
* hugetlb: hugetlb_cgroup_form_cgroup() doesn't have any user left.
Removed.
* net_cls: cgrp_cls_state() doesn't have any user left. Removed.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Aristeu Rozanski <aris@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Daniel Wagner <daniel.wagner@bmw-carit.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: Matt Helsley <matthltc@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
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There's a race between elevator switching and normal io operation.
Because the allocation of struct elevator_queue and struct elevator_data
don't in a atomic operation.So there are have chance to use NULL
->elevator_data.
For example:
Thread A: Thread B
blk_queu_bio elevator_switch
spin_lock_irq(q->queue_block) elevator_alloc
elv_merge elevator_init_fn
Because call elevator_alloc, it can't hold queue_lock and the
->elevator_data is NULL.So at the same time, threadA call elv_merge and
nedd some info of elevator_data.So the crash happened.
Move the elevator_alloc into func elevator_init_fn, it make the
operations in a atomic operation.
Using the follow method can easy reproduce this bug
1:dd if=/dev/sdb of=/dev/null
2:while true;do echo noop > scheduler;echo deadline > scheduler;done
The test method also use this method.
Signed-off-by: Jianpeng Ma <majianpeng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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Just a little convenience macro - main reason to add it now is preparing
for immutable bio vecs, it'll reduce the size of the patch that puts
bi_sector/bi_size/bi_idx into a struct bvec_iter.
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com>
CC: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
CC: Lars Ellenberg <drbd-dev@lists.linbit.com>
CC: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
CC: Alasdair Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
CC: dm-devel@redhat.com
CC: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
CC: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
CC: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
CC: linux-s390@vger.kernel.org
CC: Chris Mason <chris.mason@fusionio.com>
CC: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
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Pull block IO core bits from Jens Axboe:
"Below are the core block IO bits for 3.9. It was delayed a few days
since my workstation kept crashing every 2-8h after pulling it into
current -git, but turns out it is a bug in the new pstate code (divide
by zero, will report separately). In any case, it contains:
- The big cfq/blkcg update from Tejun and and Vivek.
- Additional block and writeback tracepoints from Tejun.
- Improvement of the should sort (based on queues) logic in the plug
flushing.
- _io() variants of the wait_for_completion() interface, using
io_schedule() instead of schedule() to contribute to io wait
properly.
- Various little fixes.
You'll get two trivial merge conflicts, which should be easy enough to
fix up"
Fix up the trivial conflicts due to hlist traversal cleanups (commit
b67bfe0d42ca: "hlist: drop the node parameter from iterators").
* 'for-3.9/core' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block: (39 commits)
block: remove redundant check to bd_openers()
block: use i_size_write() in bd_set_size()
cfq: fix lock imbalance with failed allocations
drivers/block/swim3.c: fix null pointer dereference
block: don't select PERCPU_RWSEM
block: account iowait time when waiting for completion of IO request
sched: add wait_for_completion_io[_timeout]
writeback: add more tracepoints
block: add block_{touch|dirty}_buffer tracepoint
buffer: make touch_buffer() an exported function
block: add @req to bio_{front|back}_merge tracepoints
block: add missing block_bio_complete() tracepoint
block: Remove should_sort judgement when flush blk_plug
block,elevator: use new hashtable implementation
cfq-iosched: add hierarchical cfq_group statistics
cfq-iosched: collect stats from dead cfqgs
cfq-iosched: separate out cfqg_stats_reset() from cfq_pd_reset_stats()
blkcg: make blkcg_print_blkgs() grab q locks instead of blkcg lock
block: RCU free request_queue
blkcg: implement blkg_[rw]stat_recursive_sum() and blkg_[rw]stat_merge()
...
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While stress-running very-small container scenarios with the Kernel Memory
Controller, I've run into a lockdep-detected lock imbalance in
cfq-iosched.c.
I'll apologize beforehand for not posting a backlog: I didn't anticipate
it would be so hard to reproduce, so I didn't save my serial output and
went directly on debugging. Turns out that it did not happen again in
more than 20 runs, making it a quite rare pattern.
But here is my analysis:
When we are in very low-memory situations, we will arrive at
cfq_find_alloc_queue and may not find a queue, having to resort to the oom
queue, in an rcu-locked condition:
if (!cfqq || cfqq == &cfqd->oom_cfqq)
[ ... ]
Next, we will release the rcu lock, and try to allocate a queue, retrying
if we succeed:
rcu_read_unlock();
spin_unlock_irq(cfqd->queue->queue_lock);
new_cfqq = kmem_cache_alloc_node(cfq_pool,
gfp_mask | __GFP_ZERO,
cfqd->queue->node);
spin_lock_irq(cfqd->queue->queue_lock);
if (new_cfqq)
goto retry;
We are unlocked at this point, but it should be fine, since we will
reacquire the rcu_read_lock when we retry.
Except of course, that we may not retry: the allocation may very well fail
and we'll keep on going through the flow:
The next branch is:
if (cfqq) {
[ ... ]
} else
cfqq = &cfqd->oom_cfqq;
And right before exiting, we'll issue rcu_read_unlock().
Being already unlocked, this is the likely source of our imbalance. Since
cfqq is either already NULL or made NULL in the first statement of the
outter branch, the only viable alternative here seems to be to return the
oom queue right away in case of allocation failure.
Please review the following patch and apply if you agree with my analysis.
Signed-off-by: Glauber Costa <glommer@parallels.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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Unfortunately, at this point, there's no way to make the existing
statistics hierarchical without creating nasty surprises for the
existing users. Just create recursive counterpart of the existing
stats.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
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To support hierarchical stats, it's necessary to remember stats from
dead children. Add cfqg->dead_stats and make a dying cfqg transfer
its stats to the parent's dead-stats.
The transfer happens form ->pd_offline_fn() and it is possible that
there are some residual IOs completing afterwards. Currently, we lose
these stats. Given that cgroup removal isn't a very high frequency
operation and the amount of residual IOs on offline are likely to be
nil or small, this shouldn't be a big deal and the complexity needed
to handle residual IOs - another callback and rather elaborate
synchronization to reach and lock the matching q - doesn't seem
justified.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
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Separate out cfqg_stats_reset() which takes struct cfqg_stats * from
cfq_pd_reset_stats() and move the latter to where other pd methods are
defined. cfqg_stats_reset() will be used to implement hierarchical
stats.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
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Rename blkg_rwstat_sum() to blkg_rwstat_total(). sum will be used for
summing up stats from multiple blkgs.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
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With the previous two patches, all cfqg scheduling decisions are based
on vfraction and ready for hierarchy support. The only thing which
keeps the behavior flat is cfqg_flat_parent() which makes vfraction
calculation consider all non-root cfqgs children of the root cfqg.
Replace it with cfqg_parent() which returns the real parent. This
enables full blkcg hierarchy support for cfq-iosched. For example,
consider the following hierarchy.
root
/ \
A:500 B:250
/ \
AA:500 AB:1000
For simplicity, let's say all the leaf nodes have active tasks and are
on service tree. For each leaf node, vfraction would be
AA: (500 / 1500) * (500 / 750) =~ 0.2222
AB: (1000 / 1500) * (500 / 750) =~ 0.4444
B: (250 / 750) =~ 0.3333
and vdisktime will be distributed accordingly. For more detail,
please refer to Documentation/block/cfq-iosched.txt.
v2: cfq-iosched.txt updated to describe group scheduling as suggested
by Vivek.
v3: blkio-controller.txt updated.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
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cfq_group_slice() calculates slice by taking a fraction of
cfq_target_latency according to the ratio of cfqg->weight against
service_tree->total_weight. This currently works only because all
cfqgs are treated to be at the same level.
To prepare for proper hierarchy support, convert cfq_group_slice() to
base the calculation on cfqg->vfraction. As cfqg->vfraction is always
a fraction of 1 and represents the fraction allocated to the cfqg with
hierarchy considered, the slice can be simply calculated by
multiplying cfqg->vfraction to cfq_target_latency (with fixed point
shift factored in).
As vfraction calculation currently treats all non-root cfqgs as
children of the root cfqg, this patch doesn't introduce noticeable
behavior difference.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
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Currently, cfqg charges are scaled directly according to cfqg->weight.
Regardless of the number of active cfqgs or the amount of active
weights, a given weight value always scales charge the same way. This
works fine as long as all cfqgs are treated equally regardless of
their positions in the hierarchy, which is what cfq currently
implements. It can't work in hierarchical settings because the
interpretation of a given weight value depends on where the weight is
located in the hierarchy.
This patch reimplements cfqg charge scaling so that it can be used to
support hierarchy properly. The scheme is fairly simple and
light-weight.
* When a cfqg is added to the service tree, v(disktime)weight is
calculated. It walks up the tree to root calculating the fraction
it has in the hierarchy. At each level, the fraction can be
calculated as
cfqg->weight / parent->level_weight
By compounding these, the global fraction of vdisktime the cfqg has
claim to - vfraction - can be determined.
* When the cfqg needs to be charged, the charge is scaled inversely
proportionally to the vfraction.
The new scaling scheme uses the same CFQ_SERVICE_SHIFT for fixed point
representation as before; however, the smallest scaling factor is now
1 (ie. 1 << CFQ_SERVICE_SHIFT). This is different from before where 1
was for CFQ_WEIGHT_DEFAULT and higher weight would result in smaller
scaling factor.
While this shifts the global scale of vdisktime a bit, it doesn't
change the relative relationships among cfqgs and the scheduling
result isn't different.
cfq_group_notify_queue_add uses fixed CFQ_IDLE_DELAY when appending
new cfqg to the service tree. The specific value of CFQ_IDLE_DELAY
didn't have any relevance to vdisktime before and is unlikely to cause
any visible behavior difference now especially as the scale shift
isn't that large.
As the new scheme now makes proper distinction between cfqg->weight
and ->leaf_weight, reverse the weight aliasing for root cfqgs. For
root, both weights are now mapped to ->leaf_weight instead of the
other way around.
Because we're still using cfqg_flat_parent(), this patch shouldn't
change the scheduling behavior in any noticeable way.
v2: Beefed up comments on vfraction as requested by Vivek.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
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To prepare for blkcg hierarchy support, add cfqg->nr_active and
->children_weight. cfqg->nr_active counts the number of active cfqgs
at the cfqg's level and ->children_weight is sum of weights of those
cfqgs. The level covers itself (cfqg->leaf_weight) and immediate
children.
The two values are updated when a cfqg enters and leaves the group
service tree. Unless the hierarchy is very deep, the added overhead
should be negligible.
Currently, the parent is determined using cfqg_flat_parent() which
makes the root cfqg the parent of all other cfqgs. This is to make
the transition to hierarchy-aware scheduling gradual. Scheduling
logic will be converted to use cfqg->children_weight without actually
changing the behavior. When everything is ready,
blkcg_weight_parent() will be replaced with proper parent function.
This patch doesn't introduce any behavior chagne.
v2: s/cfqg->level_weight/cfqg->children_weight/ as per Vivek.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
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cfq blkcg is about to grow proper hierarchy handling, where a child
blkg's weight would nest inside the parent's. This makes tasks in a
blkg to compete against both tasks in the sibling blkgs and the tasks
of child blkgs.
We're gonna use the existing weight as the group weight which decides
the blkg's weight against its siblings. This patch introduces a new
weight - leaf_weight - which decides the weight of a blkg against the
child blkgs.
It's named leaf_weight because another way to look at it is that each
internal blkg nodes have a hidden child leaf node which contains all
its tasks and leaf_weight is the weight of the leaf node and handled
the same as the weight of the child blkgs.
This patch only adds leaf_weight fields and exposes it to userland.
The new weight isn't actually used anywhere yet. Note that
cfq-iosched currently offcially supports only single level hierarchy
and root blkgs compete with the first level blkgs - ie. root weight is
basically being used as leaf_weight. For root blkgs, the two weights
are kept in sync for backward compatibility.
v2: cfqd->root_group->leaf_weight initialization was missing from
cfq_init_queue() causing divide by zero when
!CONFIG_CFQ_GROUP_SCHED. Fix it. Reported by Fengguang.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
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Currently we attach a character "S" or "A" to the cfqq<pid>, to represent
whether queues is sync or async. Add one more character "N" to represent
whether it is sync-noidle queue or sync queue. So now three different
type of queues will look as follows.
cfq1234S --> sync queus
cfq1234SN --> sync noidle queue
cfq1234A --> Async queue
Previously S/A classification was being printed only if group scheduling
was enabled. This patch also makes sure that this classification is
displayed even if group idling is disabled.
Signed-off-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
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Use of local varibale "n" seems to be unnecessary. Remove it. This brings
it inline with function __cfq_group_st_add(), which is also doing the
similar operation of adding a group to a rb tree.
No functionality change here.
Signed-off-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
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choose_service_tree() selects/sets both wl_class and wl_type. Rename it to
choose_wl_class_and_type() to make it very clear.
cfq_choose_wl() only selects and sets wl_type. It is easy to confuse
it with choose_st(). So rename it to cfq_choose_wl_type() to make
it clear what does it do.
Just renaming. No functionality change.
Signed-off-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
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At quite a few places we use the keyword "service_tree". At some places,
especially local variables, I have abbreviated it to "st".
Also at couple of places moved binary operator "+" from beginning of line
to end of previous line, as per Tejun's feedback.
v2:
Reverted most of the service tree name change based on Jeff Moyer's feedback.
Signed-off-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
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Some more renaming. Again making the code uniform w.r.t use of
wl_class/class to represent IO class (RT, BE, IDLE) and using
wl_type/type to represent subclass (SYNC, SYNC-IDLE, ASYNC).
At places this patch shortens the string "workload" to "wl".
Renamed "saved_workload" to "saved_wl_type". Renamed
"saved_serving_class" to "saved_wl_class".
For uniformity with "saved_wl_*" variables, renamed "serving_class"
to "serving_wl_class" and renamed "serving_type" to "serving_wl_type".
Again, just trying to improve upon code uniformity and improve
readability. No functional change.
v2:
- Restored the usage of keyword "service" based on Jeff Moyer's feedback.
Signed-off-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
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Currently CFQ has three IO classes, RT, BE and IDLE. At many a places we
are calling workloads belonging to these classes as "prio". This gets
very confusing as one starts to associate it with ioprio.
So this patch just does bunch of renaming so that reading code becomes
easier. All reference to RT, BE and IDLE workload are done using keyword
"class" and all references to subclass, SYNC, SYNC-IDLE, ASYNC are made
using keyword "type".
This makes me feel much better while I am reading the code. There is no
functionality change due to this patch.
Signed-off-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
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I'm not sure why, but the hlist for each entry iterators were conceived
list_for_each_entry(pos, head, member)
The hlist ones were greedy and wanted an extra parameter:
hlist_for_each_entry(tpos, pos, head, member)
Why did they need an extra pos parameter? I'm not quite sure. Not only
they don't really need it, it also prevents the iterator from looking
exactly like the list iterator, which is unfortunate.
Besides the semantic patch, there was some manual work required:
- Fix up the actual hlist iterators in linux/list.h
- Fix up the declaration of other iterators based on the hlist ones.
- A very small amount of places were using the 'node' parameter, this
was modified to use 'obj->member' instead.
- Coccinelle didn't handle the hlist_for_each_entry_safe iterator
properly, so those had to be fixed up manually.
The semantic patch which is mostly the work of Peter Senna Tschudin is here:
@@
iterator name hlist_for_each_entry, hlist_for_each_entry_continue, hlist_for_each_entry_from, hlist_for_each_entry_rcu, hlist_for_each_entry_rcu_bh, hlist_for_each_entry_continue_rcu_bh, for_each_busy_worker, ax25_uid_for_each, ax25_for_each, inet_bind_bucket_for_each, sctp_for_each_hentry, sk_for_each, sk_for_each_rcu, sk_for_each_from, sk_for_each_safe, sk_for_each_bound, hlist_for_each_entry_safe, hlist_for_each_entry_continue_rcu, nr_neigh_for_each, nr_neigh_for_each_safe, nr_node_for_each, nr_node_for_each_safe, for_each_gfn_indirect_valid_sp, for_each_gfn_sp, for_each_host;
type T;
expression a,c,d,e;
identifier b;
statement S;
@@
-T b;
<+... when != b
(
hlist_for_each_entry(a,
- b,
c, d) S
|
hlist_for_each_entry_continue(a,
- b,
c) S
|
hlist_for_each_entry_from(a,
- b,
c) S
|
hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(a,
- b,
c, d) S
|
hlist_for_each_entry_rcu_bh(a,
- b,
c, d) S
|
hlist_for_each_entry_continue_rcu_bh(a,
- b,
c) S
|
for_each_busy_worker(a, c,
- b,
d) S
|
ax25_uid_for_each(a,
- b,
c) S
|
ax25_for_each(a,
- b,
c) S
|
inet_bind_bucket_for_each(a,
- b,
c) S
|
sctp_for_each_hentry(a,
- b,
c) S
|
sk_for_each(a,
- b,
c) S
|
sk_for_each_rcu(a,
- b,
c) S
|
sk_for_each_from
-(a, b)
+(a)
S
+ sk_for_each_from(a) S
|
sk_for_each_safe(a,
- b,
c, d) S
|
sk_for_each_bound(a,
- b,
c) S
|
hlist_for_each_entry_safe(a,
- b,
c, d, e) S
|
hlist_for_each_entry_continue_rcu(a,
- b,
c) S
|
nr_neigh_for_each(a,
- b,
c) S
|
nr_neigh_for_each_safe(a,
- b,
c, d) S
|
nr_node_for_each(a,
- b,
c) S
|
nr_node_for_each_safe(a,
- b,
c, d) S
|
- for_each_gfn_sp(a, c, d, b) S
+ for_each_gfn_sp(a, c, d) S
|
- for_each_gfn_indirect_valid_sp(a, c, d, b) S
+ for_each_gfn_indirect_valid_sp(a, c, d) S
|
for_each_host(a,
- b,
c) S
|
for_each_host_safe(a,
- b,
c, d) S
|
for_each_mesh_entry(a,
- b,
c, d) S
)
...+>
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: drop bogus change from net/ipv4/raw.c]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: drop bogus hunk from net/ipv6/raw.c]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: checkpatch fixes]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix warnings]
[akpm@linux-foudnation.org: redo intrusive kvm changes]
Tested-by: Peter Senna Tschudin <peter.senna@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Cc: Gleb Natapov <gleb@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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request is queued in cfqq->fifo list. Looks it's possible we are moving a
request from one cfqq to another in request merge case. In such case, adjusting
the fifo list order doesn't make sense and is impossible if we don't iterate
the whole fifo list.
My test does hit one case the two cfqq are different, but didn't cause kernel
crash, maybe it's because fifo list isn't used frequently. Anyway, from the
code logic, this is buggy.
I thought we can re-enable the recusive merge logic after this is fixed.
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shli@fusionio.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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cfq may be built w/ or w/o blkcg support depending on
CONFIG_CFQ_CGROUP_IOSCHED. If blkcg support is disabled, most of
related code is ifdef'd out but some part is left dangling -
blkcg_policy_cfq is left zero-filled and blkcg_policy_[un]register()
calls are made on it.
Feeding zero filled policy to blkcg_policy_register() is incorrect and
triggers the following WARN_ON() if CONFIG_BLK_CGROUP &&
!CONFIG_CFQ_GROUP_IOSCHED.
------------[ cut here ]------------
WARNING: at block/blk-cgroup.c:867
Modules linked in:
Modules linked in:
CPU: 3 Not tainted 3.4.0-09547-gfb21aff #1
Process swapper/0 (pid: 1, task: 000000003ff80000, ksp: 000000003ff7f8b8)
Krnl PSW : 0704100180000000 00000000003d76ca (blkcg_policy_register+0xca/0xe0)
R:0 T:1 IO:1 EX:1 Key:0 M:1 W:0 P:0 AS:0 CC:1 PM:0 EA:3
Krnl GPRS: 0000000000000000 00000000014b85ec 00000000014b85b0 0000000000000000
000000000096fb60 0000000000000000 00000000009a8e78 0000000000000048
000000000099c070 0000000000b6f000 0000000000000000 000000000099c0b8
00000000014b85b0 0000000000667580 000000003ff7fd98 000000003ff7fd70
Krnl Code: 00000000003d76be: a7280001 lhi %r2,1
00000000003d76c2: a7f4ffdf brc 15,3d7680
#00000000003d76c6: a7f40001 brc 15,3d76c8
>00000000003d76ca: a7c8ffea lhi %r12,-22
00000000003d76ce: a7f4ffce brc 15,3d766a
00000000003d76d2: a7f40001 brc 15,3d76d4
00000000003d76d6: a7c80000 lhi %r12,0
00000000003d76da: a7f4ffc2 brc 15,3d765e
Call Trace:
([<0000000000b6f000>] initcall_debug+0x0/0x4)
[<0000000000989e8a>] cfq_init+0x62/0xd4
[<00000000001000ba>] do_one_initcall+0x3a/0x170
[<000000000096fb60>] kernel_init+0x214/0x2bc
[<0000000000623202>] kernel_thread_starter+0x6/0xc
[<00000000006231fc>] kernel_thread_starter+0x0/0xc
no locks held by swapper/0/1.
Last Breaking-Event-Address:
[<00000000003d76c6>] blkcg_policy_register+0xc6/0xe0
---[ end trace b8ef4903fcbf9dd3 ]---
This patch fixes the problem by ensuring all blkcg support code is
inside CONFIG_CFQ_GROUP_IOSCHED.
* blkcg_policy_cfq declaration and blkg_to_cfqg() definition are moved
inside the first CONFIG_CFQ_GROUP_IOSCHED block. __maybe_unused is
dropped from blkcg_policy_cfq decl.
* blkcg_deactivate_poilcy() invocation is moved inside ifdef. This
also makes the activation logic match cfq_init_queue().
* All blkcg_policy_[un]register() invocations are moved inside ifdef.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
LKML-Reference: <20120601112954.GC3535@osiris.boeblingen.de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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cfq_init() would return zero after kmem cache creation failure. Fix
so that it returns -ENOMEM.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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The core branch is behind driver commits that we want to build
on for 3.5, hence I'm pulling in a later -rc.
Linux 3.4-rc5
Conflicts:
Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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In cfq, when we calculate a time slice for a process(or a cfqq to
be precise), we have to consider the cfq_target_latency so that all the
sync request have an estimated latency(300ms) and it is controlled by
cfq_target_latency. But in some hadoop test, we have found that if
there are many processes doing sequential read(24 for example), the
throughput is bad because every process can only work for about 25ms
and the cfqq is switched. That leads to a higher disk seek. We can
achive the good throughput by setting low_latency=0, but then some
read's latency is too much for the application.
So this patch makes cfq_target_latency tunable through sysfs so that
we can tune it and find some magic number which is not bad for both
the throughput and the read latency.
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Tao Ma <boyu.mt@taobao.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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There's no reason to keep blkcg_policy_ops separate. Collapse it into
blkcg_policy.
This patch doesn't introduce any functional change.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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Currently blkg_policy_data carries policy specific data as char flex
array instead of being embedded in policy specific data. This was
forced by oddities around blkg allocation which are all gone now.
This patch makes blkg_policy_data embedded in policy specific data -
throtl_grp and cfq_group so that it's more conventional and consistent
with how io_cq is handled.
* blkcg_policy->pdata_size is renamed to ->pd_size.
* Functions which used to take void *pdata now takes struct
blkg_policy_data *pd.
* blkg_to_pdata/pdata_to_blkg() updated to blkg_to_pd/pd_to_blkg().
* Dummy struct blkg_policy_data definition added. Dummy
pdata_to_blkg() definition was unused and inconsistent with the
non-dummy version - correct dummy pd_to_blkg() added.
* throtl and cfq updated accordingly.
* As dummy blkg_to_pd/pd_to_blkg() are provided,
blkg_to_cfqg/cfqg_to_blkg() don't need to be ifdef'd. Moved outside
ifdef block.
This patch doesn't introduce any functional change.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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During the recent blkcg cleanup, most of blkcg API has changed to such
extent that mass renaming wouldn't cause any noticeable pain. Take
the chance and cleanup the naming.
* Rename blkio_cgroup to blkcg.
* Drop blkio / blkiocg prefixes and consistently use blkcg.
* Rename blkio_group to blkcg_gq, which is consistent with io_cq but
keep the blkg prefix / variable name.
* Rename policy method type and field names to signify they're dealing
with policy data.
* Rename blkio_policy_type to blkcg_policy.
This patch doesn't cause any functional change.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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blkio_group->path[] stores the path of the associated cgroup and is
used only for debug messages. Just format the path from blkg->cgroup
when printing debug messages.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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* All_q_list is unused. Drop all_q_{mutex|list}.
* @for_root of blkg_lookup_create() is always %false when called from
outside blk-cgroup.c proper. Factor out __blkg_lookup_create() so
that it doesn't check whether @q is bypassing and use the
underscored version for the @for_root callsite.
* blkg_destroy_all() is used only from blkcg proper and @destroy_root
is always %true. Make it static and drop @destroy_root.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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All blkcg policies were assumed to be enabled on all request_queues.
Due to various implementation obstacles, during the recent blkcg core
updates, this was temporarily implemented as shooting down all !root
blkgs on elevator switch and policy [de]registration combined with
half-broken in-place root blkg updates. In addition to being buggy
and racy, this meant losing all blkcg configurations across those
events.
Now that blkcg is cleaned up enough, this patch replaces the temporary
implementation with proper per-queue policy activation. Each blkcg
policy should call the new blkcg_[de]activate_policy() to enable and
disable the policy on a specific queue. blkcg_activate_policy()
allocates and installs policy data for the policy for all existing
blkgs. blkcg_deactivate_policy() does the reverse. If a policy is
not enabled for a given queue, blkg printing / config functions skip
the respective blkg for the queue.
blkcg_activate_policy() also takes care of root blkg creation, and
cfq_init_queue() and blk_throtl_init() are updated accordingly.
This replaces blkcg_bypass_{start|end}() and update_root_blkg_pd()
unnecessary. Dropped.
v2: cfq_init_queue() was returning uninitialized @ret on root_group
alloc failure if !CONFIG_CFQ_GROUP_IOSCHED. Fixed.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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With per-queue policy activation, root blkg creation will be moved to
blkcg core. Add q->root_blkg in preparation. For blk-throtl, this
replaces throtl_data->root_tg; however, cfq needs to keep
cfqd->root_group for !CONFIG_CFQ_GROUP_IOSCHED.
This is to prepare for per-queue policy activation and doesn't cause
any functional difference.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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Add @pol to blkg_conf_prep() and let it return with queue lock held
(to be released by blkg_conf_finish()). Note that @pol isn't used
yet.
This is to prepare for per-queue policy activation and doesn't cause
any visible difference.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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Remove BLKIO_POLICY_* enums and let blkio_policy_register() allocate
@pol->plid dynamically on registration. The maximum number of blkcg
policies which can be registered at the same time is defined by
BLKCG_MAX_POLS constant added to include/linux/blkdev.h.
Note that blkio_policy_register() now may fail. Policy init functions
updated accordingly and unnecessary ifdefs removed from cfq_init().
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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blkcg_print_blkgs()
The two functions were taking "enum blkio_policy_id plid". Make them
take "const struct blkio_policy_type *pol" instead.
This is to prepare for per-queue policy activation and doesn't cause
any functional difference.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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* CFQ_WEIGHT_* defined inside CONFIG_BLK_CGROUP causes cfq-iosched.c
compile failure when the config is disabled. Move it outside the
ifdef block.
* Dummy cfqg_stats_*() definitions were lacking inline modifiers
causing unused functions warning if !CONFIG_CFQ_GROUP_IOSCHED. Add
them.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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