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* kexec: split kexec_load syscall from kexec core codeDave Young2015-09-101-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | There are two kexec load syscalls, kexec_load another and kexec_file_load. kexec_file_load has been splited as kernel/kexec_file.c. In this patch I split kexec_load syscall code to kernel/kexec.c. And add a new kconfig option KEXEC_CORE, so we can disable kexec_load and use kexec_file_load only, or vice verse. The original requirement is from Ted Ts'o, he want kexec kernel signature being checked with CONFIG_KEXEC_VERIFY_SIG enabled. But kexec-tools use kexec_load syscall can bypass the checking. Vivek Goyal proposed to create a common kconfig option so user can compile in only one syscall for loading kexec kernel. KEXEC/KEXEC_FILE selects KEXEC_CORE so that old config files still work. Because there's general code need CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE, so I updated all the architecture Kconfig with a new option KEXEC_CORE, and let KEXEC selects KEXEC_CORE in arch Kconfig. Also updated general kernel code with to kexec_load syscall. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Signed-off-by: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com> Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com> Cc: Petr Tesarik <ptesarik@suse.cz> Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu> Cc: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@fedoraproject.org> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* init/initramfs.c: resolve shadow warningsMark Rustad2014-10-141-17/+17
| | | | | | | | | | | Resolve shadow warnings that are produced in W=2 builds by renaming a global with a too-generic name and renaming a formal parameter. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Signed-off-by: Mark Rustad <mark.d.rustad@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Jeff Kirsher <jeffrey.t.kirsher@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* initramfs: add write error checksDavid Engraf2014-08-081-2/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | On a system with low memory extracting the initramfs may fail. If this happens the user gets "Failed to execute /init" instead of an initramfs error. Check return value of sys_write and call error() when the write was incomplete or failed. Signed-off-by: David Engraf <david.engraf@sysgo.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* initramfs: support initramfs that is bigger than 2GiBYinghai Lu2014-08-081-11/+11
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Now with 64bit bzImage and kexec tools, we support ramdisk that size is bigger than 2g, as we could put it above 4G. Found compressed initramfs image could not be decompressed properly. It turns out that image length is int during decompress detection, and it will become < 0 when length is more than 2G. Furthermore, during decompressing len as int is used for inbuf count, that has problem too. Change len to long, that should be ok as on 32 bit platform long is 32bits. Tested with following compressed initramfs image as root with kexec. gzip, bzip2, xz, lzma, lzop, lz4. run time for populate_rootfs(): size name Nehalem-EX Westmere-EX Ivybridge-EX 9034400256 root_img : 26s 24s 30s 3561095057 root_img.lz4 : 28s 27s 27s 3459554629 root_img.lzo : 29s 29s 28s 3219399480 root_img.gz : 64s 62s 49s 2251594592 root_img.xz : 262s 260s 183s 2226366598 root_img.lzma: 386s 376s 277s 2901482513 root_img.bz2 : 635s 599s Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Rashika Kheria <rashika.kheria@gmail.com> Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org> Cc: Kyungsik Lee <kyungsik.lee@lge.com> Cc: P J P <ppandit@redhat.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp> Cc: "Daniel M. Weeks" <dan@danweeks.net> Cc: Alexandre Courbot <acourbot@nvidia.com> Cc: Jan Beulich <JBeulich@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* initramfs: support initrd that is bigger than 2GiBYinghai Lu2014-08-081-4/+32
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When initrd (compressed or not) is used, kernel report data corrupted with /dev/ram0. The root cause: During initramfs checking, if it is initrd, it will be transferred to /initrd.image with sys_write. sys_write only support 2G-4K write, so if the initrd ram is more than that, /initrd.image will not complete at all. Add local xwrite to loop calling sys_write to workaround the problem. Also need to use xwrite in write_buffer() to handle: image is uncompressed cpio and there is one big file (>2G) in it. unpack_to_rootfs ===> write_buffer ===> actions[]/do_copy At the same time, we don't need to worry about sys_read/sys_write in do_mounts_rd.c::crd_load. As decompressor will have fill/flush and local buffer that is smaller than 2G. Test with uncompressed initrd, and compressed ones with gz, bz2, lzma,xz, lzop. Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org> Acked-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp> Cc: "Daniel M. Weeks" <dan@danweeks.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* initramfs: debug detected compression methodDaniel M. Weeks2014-04-071-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | This can greatly aid in narrowing down the real source of initramfs problems such as failures related to the compression of the in-kernel initramfs when an external initramfs is in use as well. Existing errors are ambiguous as to which initramfs is a problem and why. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: use pr_debug()] Signed-off-by: Daniel M. Weeks <dan@danweeks.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* init: fix possible format string bugTetsuo Handa2014-01-231-1/+1
| | | | | | | | Use constant format string in case message changes. Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* init, block: try to load default elevator module early during bootTejun Heo2013-01-181-1/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This patch adds default module loading and uses it to load the default block elevator. During boot, it's called right after initramfs or initrd is made available and right before control is passed to userland. This ensures that as long as the modules are available in the usual places in initramfs, initrd or the root filesystem, the default modules are loaded as soon as possible. This will replace the on-demand elevator module loading from elevator init path. v2: Fixed build breakage when !CONFIG_BLOCK. Reported by kbuild test robot. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk> Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Alex Riesen <raa.lkml@gmail.com> Cc: Fengguang We <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
* init: disable sparse checking of the mount.o source filesH Hartley Sweeten2012-05-311-3/+13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The init/mount.o source files produce a number of sparse warnings of the type: warning: incorrect type in argument 1 (different address spaces) expected char [noderef] <asn:1>*dev_name got char *name This is due to the syscalls expecting some of the arguments to be user pointers but they are being passed as kernel pointers. This is harmless but adds a lot of noise to a sparse build. To limit the noise just disable the sparse checking in the relevant source files, but still display a warning so that the user knows this has been done. Since the sparse checking has been disabled we can also remove the __user __force casts that are scattered thru the source. Signed-off-by: H Hartley Sweeten <hsweeten@visionengravers.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* init/initramfs.c: should use umode_tAl Viro2012-01-031-4/+4
| | | | Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
* Merge branch 'kbuild' of ↵Linus Torvalds2010-10-281-5/+4
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mmarek/kbuild-2.6 * 'kbuild' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mmarek/kbuild-2.6: initramfs: Fix build break on symbol-prefixed archs initramfs: fix initramfs size calculation initramfs: generalize initramfs_data.xxx.S variants scripts/kallsyms: Enable error messages while hush up unnecessary warnings scripts/setlocalversion: update comment kbuild: Use a single clean rule for kernel and external modules kbuild: Do not run make clean in $(srctree) scripts/mod/modpost.c: fix commentary accordingly to last changes kbuild: Really don't clean bounds.h and asm-offsets.h
| * initramfs: fix initramfs size calculationHendrik Brueckner2010-09-291-5/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The size of a built-in initramfs is calculated in init/initramfs.c by "__initramfs_end - __initramfs_start". Those symbols are defined in the linker script include/asm-generic/vmlinux.lds.h: #define INIT_RAM_FS \ . = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE); \ VMLINUX_SYMBOL(__initramfs_start) = .; \ *(.init.ramfs) \ VMLINUX_SYMBOL(__initramfs_end) = .; If the initramfs file has an odd number of bytes, the "__initramfs_end" symbol points to an odd address, for example, the symbols in the System.map might look like: 0000000000572000 T __initramfs_start 00000000005bcd05 T __initramfs_end <-- odd address At least on s390 this causes a problem: Certain s390 instructions, especially instructions for loading addresses (larl) or branch addresses must be on even addresses. The compiler loads the symbol addresses with the "larl" instruction. This instruction sets the last bit to 0 and, therefore, for odd size files, the calculated size is one byte less than it should be: 0000000000540a9c <populate_rootfs>: 540a9c: eb cf f0 78 00 24 stmg %r12,%r15,120(%r15), 540aa2: c0 10 00 01 8a af larl %r1,572000 <__initramfs_start> 540aa8: c0 c0 00 03 e1 2e larl %r12,5bcd04 <initramfs_end> (Instead of 5bcd05) ... 540abe: 1b c1 sr %r12,%r1 To fix the problem, this patch introduces the global variable __initramfs_size, which is calculated in the "usr/initramfs_data.S" file. The populate_rootfs() function can then use the start marker of the .init.ramfs section and the value of __initramfs_size for loading the initramfs. Because the start marker and size is sufficient, the __initramfs_end symbol is no longer needed and is removed. Signed-off-by: Michael Holzheu <holzheu@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Hendrik Brueckner <brueckner@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: WANG Cong <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com> Acked-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz> Acked-by: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz>
* | init: mark __user address space on string literalsNamhyung Kim2010-10-261-2/+3
|/ | | | | | | | | | | When calling syscall service routines in kernel, some of arguments should be user pointers but were missing __user markup on string literals. Add it. Removes some sparse warnings. Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com> Cc: Phillip Lougher <phillip@lougher.demon.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* initramfs: handle unrecognised decompressor when unpackingPhillip Lougher2010-04-241-1/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The unpack routine fails to handle the decompress_method() returning unrecognised decompressor (compress_name == NULL). This results in the routine looping eventually oopsing on an out of bounds memory access. Note this bug is usually hidden, only triggering on trailing junk after one or more correct compressed blocks. The case of the compressed archive being complete junk is (by accident?) caught by the if (state != Reset) check because state is initialised to Start, but not updated due to the decompressor not having been called. Obviously if the junk is trailing a correctly decompressed buffer, state == Reset from the previous call to the decompressor. Signed-off-by: Phillip Lougher <phillip@lougher.demon.co.uk> Reported-by: Aaro Koskinen <aaro.koskinen@iki.fi> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* init/initramfs.c: fix "symbol shadows an earlier one" noiseH Hartley Sweeten2010-03-061-6/+6
| | | | | | | | | | The symbol 'count' is a local global variable in this file. The function clean_rootfs() should use a different symbol name to prevent "symbol shadows an earlier one" noise. Signed-off-by: H Hartley Sweeten <hsweeten@visionengravers.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* initramfs: add missing decompressor error checkPhillip Lougher2009-12-151-4/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | The decompressors return error by calling a supplied error function, and/or by returning an error return value. The initramfs code, however, fails to check the exit code returned by the decompressor, and only checks the error status set by calling the error function. This patch adds a return code check and calls the error function. Signed-off-by: Phillip Lougher <phillip@lougher.demon.co.uk> LKML-Reference: <4b26b1ef.0+ZWxT6886olqcSc%phillip@lougher.demon.co.uk> Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
* initramfs: clean up messages related to initramfs unpackingEric Piel2009-05-061-9/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | With the removal of duplicate unpack_to_rootfs() (commit df52092f3c97788592ef72501a43fb7ac6a3cfe0) the messages displayed do not actually correspond to what the kernel is doing. In addition, depending if ramdisks are supported or not, the messages are not at all the same. So keep the messages more in sync with what is really doing the kernel, and only display a second message in case of failure. This also ensure that the printk message cannot be split by other printk's. Signed-off-by: Eric Piel <eric.piel@tremplin-utc.net> Acked-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* initramfs: fix initramfs to work with hardlinked initRandy Robertson2009-04-131-1/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Change cb6ff208076b5f434db1b8c983429269d719cef5 ("NOMMU: Support XIP on initramfs") seems to have broken booting from initramfs with /sbin/init being a hardlink. It seems like the logic required for XIP on nommu, i.e. ftruncate to reported cpio header file size (body_len) is broken for hardlinks, which have a reported size of 0, and the truncate thus nukes the contents of the file (in my case busybox), making boot impossible and ending with runaway loop modprobe binfmt-0000 - and of course 0000 is not a valid binary format. My fix is to only call ftruncate if size is non-zero which fixes things for me, but I'm not certain whether this will break XIP for those files on nommu systems, although I would guess not. Signed-off-by: Randy Robertson <rmrobert@vmware.com> Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Acked-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Acked-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* init/initramfs: fix warning with CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM=nNikanth Karthikesan2009-04-131-0/+2
| | | | | | | | init/initramfs.c:520: warning: 'clean_rootfs' defined but not used Signed-off-by: Nikanth Karthikesan <knikanth@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* initramfs: prevent initramfs printk message being split by messages from ↵Simon Kitching2009-04-021-3/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | other code. initramfs uses printk without a linefeed, then does some work, then uses printk to finish the message off. However if some other code does a printk in between, then the messages get mixed together. Better for each message to be an independent line... Example of problem that this fixes: checking if image is initramfs...<7>Switched to high resolution mode on CPU 1 Switched to high resolution mode on CPU 0 it is Signed-off-by: Simon Kitching <skitching@apache.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arjan/linux-2.6-async-for-30Linus Torvalds2009-03-281-15/+56
|\ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arjan/linux-2.6-async-for-30: fastboot: remove duplicate unpack_to_rootfs() ide/net: flip the order of SATA and network init async: remove the temporary (2.6.29) "async is off by default" code Fix up conflicts in init/initramfs.c manually
| * fastboot: remove duplicate unpack_to_rootfs()Li, Shaohua2009-03-281-15/+56
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | we check if initrd is initramfs first and then do the real unpack. The check isn't required, we can directly do unpack. If the initrd isn't an initramfs, we can remove the garbage. In my laptop, this saves 0.1s boot time. This patch penalizes non-initramfs initrd case, but nowadays, initramfs is the most widely used method for initrds. Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com> Acked-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* | init: make initrd/initramfs decompression failure a KERN_EMERG eventH. Peter Anvin2009-01-141-4/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Impact: More consistent behaviour, avoid policy in the kernel Upgrade/downgrade initrd/initramfs decompression failure from inconsistently a panic or a KERN_ALERT message to a KERN_EMERG event. It is, however, possible do design a system which can recover from this (using the kernel builtin code and/or the internal initramfs), which means this is policy, not a technical necessity. A good way to handle this would be to have a panic-level=X option, to force a panic on a printk above a certain level. That is a separate patch, however. Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
* | bzip2/lzma: comprehensible error messages for missing decompressorH. Peter Anvin2009-01-121-1/+11
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Instead of failing to identify a compressed image with a decompressor that we don't have compiled in, identify it and fail with a comprehensible panic message. Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
* | bzip2/lzma: make flush_buffer() unconditionalIngo Molnar2009-01-101-2/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Impact: build fix flush_buffer() is used unconditionally: init/initramfs.c:456: error: 'flush_buffer' undeclared (first use in this function) init/initramfs.c:456: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once init/initramfs.c:456: error: for each function it appears in.) So remove the decompressor #ifdefs from around it. Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* | Merge branch 'linus' into x86/setup-lzmaIngo Molnar2009-01-101-0/+1
|\ \ | |/ | | | | | | Conflicts: init/do_mounts_rd.c
| * NOMMU: Support XIP on initramfsDavid Howells2009-01-081-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Support XIP on files unpacked from the initramfs image on NOMMU systems. This simply requires the length of the file to be preset so that the ramfs fs can attempt to garner sufficient contiguous storage to store the file (NOMMU mmap can only map contiguous RAM). All the other bits to do XIP on initramfs files are present: (1) ramfs's truncate attempts to allocate a contiguous run of pages when a file is truncated upwards from nothing. (2) ramfs sets BDI on its files to indicate direct mapping is possible, and that its files can be mapped for read, write and exec. (3) NOMMU mmap() will use the above bits to determine that it can do XIP. Possibly this needs better controls, because it will _always_ try and do XIP. One disadvantage of this very simplistic approach is that sufficient space will be allocated to store the whole file, and not just the bit that would be XIP'd. To deal with this, though, the initramfs unpacker would have to be able to parse the file contents. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Acked-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
* | bzip2/lzma: centralize format detectionH. Peter Anvin2009-01-081-32/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Centralize the compression format detection to a common routine in the lib directory, and use it for both initramfs and initrd. Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
* | bzip2/lzma: fix built-in initramfs vs CONFIG_RD_GZIPAlain Knaff2009-01-071-1/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Impact: Resolves build failures in some configurations Makes it possible to disable CONFIG_RD_GZIP . In that case, the built-in initramfs will be compressed by whatever compressor is available (bzip2 or lzma) or left uncompressed if none is available. It also removes a couple of warnings which occur when no ramdisk compression at all is chosen. It also restores the select ZLIB_INFLATE in drivers/block/Kconfig which somehow came missing. This is needed to activate compilation of the stuff in zlib_deflate. Signed-off-by: Alain Knaff <alain@knaff.lu> Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
* | bzip2/lzma: config and initramfs support for bzip2/lzma decompressionAlain Knaff2009-01-041-81/+42
|/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Impact: New code for initramfs decompression, new features This is the second part of the bzip2/lzma patch The bzip patch is based on an idea by Christian Ludwig, includes support for compressing the kernel with bzip2 or lzma rather than gzip. Both compressors give smaller sizes than gzip. Lzma's decompresses faster than bzip2. It also supports ramdisks and initramfs' compressed using these two compressors. The functionality has been successfully used for a couple of years by the udpcast project This version applies to "tip" kernel 2.6.28 This part contains: - support for new compressions (bzip2 and lzma) in initramfs and old-style ramdisk - config dialog for kernel compression (but new kernel compressions not yet supported) Signed-off-by: Alain Knaff <alain@knaff.lu> Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
* initramfs: add option to preserve mtime from initramfs cpio imagesNye Liu2008-10-161-0/+53
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | When unpacking the cpio into the initramfs, mtimes are not preserved by default. This patch adds an INITRAMFS_PRESERVE_MTIME option that allows mtimes stored in the cpio image to be used when constructing the initramfs. For embedded applications that run exclusively out of the initramfs, this is invaluable: When building embedded application initramfs images, its nice to know when the files were actually created during the build process - that makes it easier to see what files were modified when so we can compare the files that are being used on the image with the files used during the build process. This might help (for example) to determine if the target system has all the updated files you expect to see w/o having to check MD5s etc. In our environment, the whole system runs off the initramfs partition, and seeing the modified times of the shared libraries (for example) helps us find bugs that may have been introduced by the build system incorrectly propogating outdated shared libraries into the image. Similarly, many of the initializion/configuration files in /etc might be dynamically built by the build system, and knowing when they were modified helps us sanity check whether the target system has the "latest" files etc. Finally, we might use last modified times to determine whether a hot fix should be applied or not to the running ramfs. Signed-off-by: Nye Liu <nyet@nyet.org> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* inflate: refactor inflate malloc codeThomas Petazzoni2008-07-251-20/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Inflate requires some dynamic memory allocation very early in the boot process and this is provided with a set of four functions: malloc/free/gzip_mark/gzip_release. The old inflate code used a mark/release strategy rather than implement free. This new version instead keeps a count on the number of outstanding allocations and when it hits zero, it resets the malloc arena. This allows removing all the mark and release implementations and unifying all the malloc/free implementations. The architecture-dependent code must define two addresses: - free_mem_ptr, the address of the beginning of the area in which allocations should be made - free_mem_end_ptr, the address of the end of the area in which allocations should be made. If set to 0, then no check is made on the number of allocations, it just grows as much as needed The architecture-dependent code can also provide an arch_decomp_wdog() function call. This function will be called several times during the decompression process, and allow to notify the watchdog that the system is still running. If an architecture provides such a call, then it must define ARCH_HAS_DECOMP_WDOG so that the generic inflate code calls arch_decomp_wdog(). Work initially done by Matt Mackall, updated to a recent version of the kernel and improved by me. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Signed-off-by: Thomas Petazzoni <thomas.petazzoni@free-electrons.com> Cc: Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com> Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net> Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru> Cc: Mikael Starvik <mikael.starvik@axis.com> Cc: Jesper Nilsson <jesper.nilsson@axis.com> Cc: Haavard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@atmel.com> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Acked-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Acked-by: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* directly use kmalloc() and kfree() in init/initramfs.cThomas Petazzoni2008-04-291-10/+10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Instead of using the malloc() and free() wrappers needed by the lib/inflate.c code for allocations, simply use kmalloc() and kfree() in the initramfs code. This is needed for a further lib/inflate.c-related cleanup patch that will remove the malloc() and free() functions. Take that opportunity to remove the useless kmalloc() return value cast. Based on work done by Matt Mackall. Signed-off-by: Thomas Petazzoni <thomas.petazzoni@free-electrons.com> Signed-off-by: Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com> Cc: Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@computergmbh.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* ACPI: Remove ACPI_CUSTOM_DSDT_INITRD optionLinus Torvalds2008-03-151-7/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This essentially reverts commit 71fc47a9adf8ee89e5c96a47222915c5485ac437 ("ACPI: basic initramfs DSDT override support"), because the code simply isn't ready. It did ugly things to the init sequence to populate the rootfs image early, but that just ended up showing other problems with the whole approach. The fact is, the VFS layer simply isn't initialized this early, and the relevant ACPI code should either run much later, or this shouldn't be done at all. For 2.6.25, we'll just pick the latter option. We can revisit this concept later if necessary. Cc: Dave Hansen <haveblue@us.ibm.com> Cc: Tilman Schmidt <tilman@imap.cc> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de> Cc: Eric Piel <eric.piel@tremplin-utc.net> Cc: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org> Cc: Markus Gaugusch <dsdt@gaugusch.at> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* ACPI: basic initramfs DSDT override supportMarkus Gaugusch2008-02-061-1/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The basics of DSDT from initramfs. In case this option is selected, populate_rootfs() is called a bit earlier to have the initramfs content available during ACPI initialization. This is a very similar path to the one available at http://gaugusch.at/kernel.shtml but with some update in the documentation, default set to No and the change of populate_rootfs() the "Jeff Mahony way" (which avoids reading the initramfs twice). Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Eric Piel <eric.piel@tremplin-utc.net> Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
* Remove superfluous checks for CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD from initramfs.cRobert P. J. Day2008-02-061-5/+0
| | | | | | | | | | Given that init/Makefile includes initramfs.c in the build only if CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD is defined, there seems to be no point checking for it yet again. Signed-off-by: Robert P. J. Day <rpjday@crashcourse.ca> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* initramfs: missing __initAl Viro2007-07-261-1/+1
| | | | | Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* [PATCH] Add retain_initrd boot optionMichael Neuling2007-02-111-1/+16
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Add retain_initrd option to control freeing of initrd memory after extraction. By default, free memory as previously. The first boot will need to hold a copy of the in memory fs for the second boot. This image can be large (much larger than the kernel), hence we can save time when the memory loader is slow. Also, it reduces the memory footprint while extracting the first boot since you don't need another copy of the fs. Signed-off-by: Michael Neuling <mikey@neuling.org> Cc: "Randy.Dunlap" <rdunlap@xenotime.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Make sure we populate the initroot filesystem late enoughLinus Torvalds2006-12-111-2/+4
| | | | | | | | We should not initialize rootfs before all the core initializers have run. So do it as a separate stage just before starting the regular driver initializers. Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] Make initramfs printk a warning on incorrect cpio typeArjan van de Ven2006-12-071-0/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | It turns out that the "-c" option of cpio is highly unportable even between distros let alone unix variants, and may actually make the wrong type of cpio archive. I just wasted quite some time on this, and the kernel can detect this and warn about it (it's __init memory so it gets thrown away and thus there is no runtime overhead) Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] initramfs overwrite fixH. Peter Anvin2006-06-261-6/+30
| | | | | | | | | | | | This patch ensures that initramfs overwrites work correctly, even when dealing with device nodes of different types. Furthermore, when replacing a file which already exists, we must make very certain that we truncate the existing file. Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Michael Neuling <mikey@neuling.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] initramfs: fix CPIO hardlink checkMark Huang2006-05-151-4/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Copy the filenames of hardlinks when inserting them into the hash, since the "name" pointer may point to scratch space (name_buf). Not doing so results in corruption if the scratch space is later overwritten: the wrong file may be hardlinked, or, if the scratch space contains garbage, the link will fail and a 0-byte file will be created instead. Signed-off-by: Mark Huang <mlhuang@cs.princeton.edu> Acked-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] Fix typo causing bad mode of /initrd.imageJason Gunthorpe2006-03-261-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | I noticed that after boot with an initrd in 2.6.16 the rootfs had: --w-r-xr-T 1 root root 6241141 Jan 1 1970 initrd.image Which is caused by a small typo: Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] BLK_DEV_INITRD: do not require BLK_DEV_RAM=yZdenek Pavlas2006-03-251-0/+10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Initramfs initrd images do not need a ramdisk device, so remove this restriction in Kconfig. BLK_DEV_RAM=n saves about 13k on i386. Also without ramdisk device there's no need for "dry run", so initramfs unpacks much faster. People using cramfs, squashfs, or gzipped ext2/minix initrd images are probably smart enough not to turn off ramdisk support by accident. Cc: Al Viro <viro@ftp.linux.org.uk> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] kexec: fix in free initrd when overlapped with crashkernel regionHaren Myneni2006-02-101-1/+23
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | It is possible that the reserved crashkernel region can be overlapped with initrd since the bootloader sets the initrd location. When the initrd region is freed, the second kernel memory will not be contiguous. The Kexec_load can cause an oops since there is no contiguous memory to write the second kernel or this memory could be used in the first kernel itself and may not be part of the dump. For example, on powerpc, the initrd is located at 36MB and the crashkernel starts at 32MB. The kexec_load caused panic since writing into non-allocated memory (after 36MB). We could see the similar issue even on other archs. One possibility is to move the initrd outside of crashkernel region. But, the initrd region will be freed anyway before the system is up. This patch fixes this issue and frees only regions that are not part of crashkernel memory in case overlaps. Signed-off-by: Haren Myneni <haren@us.ibm.com> Acked-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@in.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* [PATCH] free initrd mem adjustmentJan Beulich2005-09-131-2/+10
| | | | | | | | | Besides freeing initrd memory, also clear out the now dangling pointers to it, to make sure accidental late use attempts can be detected. Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* Linux-2.6.12-rc2v2.6.12-rc2Linus Torvalds2005-04-161-0/+500
Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history, even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about 3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good infrastructure for it. Let it rip!
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