mtd, ubi, ubifs: resync with Linux-3.14

resync ubi subsystem with linux:

commit 455c6fdbd219161bd09b1165f11699d6d73de11c
Author: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Date:   Sun Mar 30 20:40:15 2014 -0700

    Linux 3.14

A nice side effect of this, is we introduce UBI Fastmap support
to U-Boot.

Signed-off-by: Heiko Schocher <hs@denx.de>
Signed-off-by: Tom Rini <trini@ti.com>
Cc: Marek Vasut <marex@denx.de>
Cc: Sergey Lapin <slapin@ossfans.org>
Cc: Scott Wood <scottwood@freescale.com>
Cc: Joerg Krause <jkrause@posteo.de>

22 files changed, 14456 insertions, 1934 deletions

diff --git a/fs/ubifs/budget.c b/fs/ubifs/budget.c
index 85377ea2a6..9ed40177cb 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/budget.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/budget.c
@@ -3,18 +3,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Nokia Corporation.
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
- * more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
- * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
- * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
  *
  * Authors: Adrian Hunter
  *          Artem Bityutskiy (Битюцкий Артём)
@@ -31,32 +20,171 @@
  */
 
 #include "ubifs.h"
+#define __UBOOT__
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+#include <linux/writeback.h>
+#else
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#endif
 #include <linux/math64.h>
 
+/*
+ * When pessimistic budget calculations say that there is no enough space,
+ * UBIFS starts writing back dirty inodes and pages, doing garbage collection,
+ * or committing. The below constant defines maximum number of times UBIFS
+ * repeats the operations.
+ */
+#define MAX_MKSPC_RETRIES 3
+
+/*
+ * The below constant defines amount of dirty pages which should be written
+ * back at when trying to shrink the liability.
+ */
+#define NR_TO_WRITE 16
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/**
+ * shrink_liability - write-back some dirty pages/inodes.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @nr_to_write: how many dirty pages to write-back
+ *
+ * This function shrinks UBIFS liability by means of writing back some amount
+ * of dirty inodes and their pages.
+ *
+ * Note, this function synchronizes even VFS inodes which are locked
+ * (@i_mutex) by the caller of the budgeting function, because write-back does
+ * not touch @i_mutex.
+ */
+static void shrink_liability(struct ubifs_info *c, int nr_to_write)
+{
+	down_read(&c->vfs_sb->s_umount);
+	writeback_inodes_sb(c->vfs_sb, WB_REASON_FS_FREE_SPACE);
+	up_read(&c->vfs_sb->s_umount);
+}
+
+/**
+ * run_gc - run garbage collector.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function runs garbage collector to make some more free space. Returns
+ * zero if a free LEB has been produced, %-EAGAIN if commit is required, and a
+ * negative error code in case of failure.
+ */
+static int run_gc(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int err, lnum;
+
+	/* Make some free space by garbage-collecting dirty space */
+	down_read(&c->commit_sem);
+	lnum = ubifs_garbage_collect(c, 1);
+	up_read(&c->commit_sem);
+	if (lnum < 0)
+		return lnum;
+
+	/* GC freed one LEB, return it to lprops */
+	dbg_budg("GC freed LEB %d", lnum);
+	err = ubifs_return_leb(c, lnum);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /**
- * ubifs_calc_min_idx_lebs - calculate amount of eraseblocks for the index.
+ * get_liability - calculate current liability.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  *
- * This function calculates and returns the number of eraseblocks which should
- * be kept for index usage.
+ * This function calculates and returns current UBIFS liability, i.e. the
+ * amount of bytes UBIFS has "promised" to write to the media.
+ */
+static long long get_liability(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	long long liab;
+
+	spin_lock(&c->space_lock);
+	liab = c->bi.idx_growth + c->bi.data_growth + c->bi.dd_growth;
+	spin_unlock(&c->space_lock);
+	return liab;
+}
+
+/**
+ * make_free_space - make more free space on the file-system.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function is called when an operation cannot be budgeted because there
+ * is supposedly no free space. But in most cases there is some free space:
+ *   o budgeting is pessimistic, so it always budgets more than it is actually
+ *     needed, so shrinking the liability is one way to make free space - the
+ *     cached data will take less space then it was budgeted for;
+ *   o GC may turn some dark space into free space (budgeting treats dark space
+ *     as not available);
+ *   o commit may free some LEB, i.e., turn freeable LEBs into free LEBs.
+ *
+ * So this function tries to do the above. Returns %-EAGAIN if some free space
+ * was presumably made and the caller has to re-try budgeting the operation.
+ * Returns %-ENOSPC if it couldn't do more free space, and other negative error
+ * codes on failures.
+ */
+static int make_free_space(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int err, retries = 0;
+	long long liab1, liab2;
+
+	do {
+		liab1 = get_liability(c);
+		/*
+		 * We probably have some dirty pages or inodes (liability), try
+		 * to write them back.
+		 */
+		dbg_budg("liability %lld, run write-back", liab1);
+		shrink_liability(c, NR_TO_WRITE);
+
+		liab2 = get_liability(c);
+		if (liab2 < liab1)
+			return -EAGAIN;
+
+		dbg_budg("new liability %lld (not shrunk)", liab2);
+
+		/* Liability did not shrink again, try GC */
+		dbg_budg("Run GC");
+		err = run_gc(c);
+		if (!err)
+			return -EAGAIN;
+
+		if (err != -EAGAIN && err != -ENOSPC)
+			/* Some real error happened */
+			return err;
+
+		dbg_budg("Run commit (retries %d)", retries);
+		err = ubifs_run_commit(c);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	} while (retries++ < MAX_MKSPC_RETRIES);
+
+	return -ENOSPC;
+}
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_calc_min_idx_lebs - calculate amount of LEBs for the index.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function calculates and returns the number of LEBs which should be kept
+ * for index usage.
  */
 int ubifs_calc_min_idx_lebs(struct ubifs_info *c)
 {
-	int idx_lebs, eff_leb_size = c->leb_size - c->max_idx_node_sz;
+	int idx_lebs;
 	long long idx_size;
 
-	idx_size = c->old_idx_sz + c->budg_idx_growth + c->budg_uncommitted_idx;
-
+	idx_size = c->bi.old_idx_sz + c->bi.idx_growth + c->bi.uncommitted_idx;
 	/* And make sure we have thrice the index size of space reserved */
-	idx_size = idx_size + (idx_size << 1);
-
+	idx_size += idx_size << 1;
 	/*
 	 * We do not maintain 'old_idx_size' as 'old_idx_lebs'/'old_idx_bytes'
 	 * pair, nor similarly the two variables for the new index size, so we
 	 * have to do this costly 64-bit division on fast-path.
 	 */
-	idx_size += eff_leb_size - 1;
-	idx_lebs = div_u64(idx_size, eff_leb_size);
+	idx_lebs = div_u64(idx_size + c->idx_leb_size - 1, c->idx_leb_size);
 	/*
 	 * The index head is not available for the in-the-gaps method, so add an
 	 * extra LEB to compensate.
@@ -67,6 +195,424 @@ int ubifs_calc_min_idx_lebs(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	return idx_lebs;
 }
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/**
+ * ubifs_calc_available - calculate available FS space.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @min_idx_lebs: minimum number of LEBs reserved for the index
+ *
+ * This function calculates and returns amount of FS space available for use.
+ */
+long long ubifs_calc_available(const struct ubifs_info *c, int min_idx_lebs)
+{
+	int subtract_lebs;
+	long long available;
+
+	available = c->main_bytes - c->lst.total_used;
+
+	/*
+	 * Now 'available' contains theoretically available flash space
+	 * assuming there is no index, so we have to subtract the space which
+	 * is reserved for the index.
+	 */
+	subtract_lebs = min_idx_lebs;
+
+	/* Take into account that GC reserves one LEB for its own needs */
+	subtract_lebs += 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * The GC journal head LEB is not really accessible. And since
+	 * different write types go to different heads, we may count only on
+	 * one head's space.
+	 */
+	subtract_lebs += c->jhead_cnt - 1;
+
+	/* We also reserve one LEB for deletions, which bypass budgeting */
+	subtract_lebs += 1;
+
+	available -= (long long)subtract_lebs * c->leb_size;
+
+	/* Subtract the dead space which is not available for use */
+	available -= c->lst.total_dead;
+
+	/*
+	 * Subtract dark space, which might or might not be usable - it depends
+	 * on the data which we have on the media and which will be written. If
+	 * this is a lot of uncompressed or not-compressible data, the dark
+	 * space cannot be used.
+	 */
+	available -= c->lst.total_dark;
+
+	/*
+	 * However, there is more dark space. The index may be bigger than
+	 * @min_idx_lebs. Those extra LEBs are assumed to be available, but
+	 * their dark space is not included in total_dark, so it is subtracted
+	 * here.
+	 */
+	if (c->lst.idx_lebs > min_idx_lebs) {
+		subtract_lebs = c->lst.idx_lebs - min_idx_lebs;
+		available -= subtract_lebs * c->dark_wm;
+	}
+
+	/* The calculations are rough and may end up with a negative number */
+	return available > 0 ? available : 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * can_use_rp - check whether the user is allowed to use reserved pool.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * UBIFS has so-called "reserved pool" which is flash space reserved
+ * for the superuser and for uses whose UID/GID is recorded in UBIFS superblock.
+ * This function checks whether current user is allowed to use reserved pool.
+ * Returns %1  current user is allowed to use reserved pool and %0 otherwise.
+ */
+static int can_use_rp(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	if (uid_eq(current_fsuid(), c->rp_uid) || capable(CAP_SYS_RESOURCE) ||
+	    (!gid_eq(c->rp_gid, GLOBAL_ROOT_GID) && in_group_p(c->rp_gid)))
+		return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * do_budget_space - reserve flash space for index and data growth.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function makes sure UBIFS has enough free LEBs for index growth and
+ * data.
+ *
+ * When budgeting index space, UBIFS reserves thrice as many LEBs as the index
+ * would take if it was consolidated and written to the flash. This guarantees
+ * that the "in-the-gaps" commit method always succeeds and UBIFS will always
+ * be able to commit dirty index. So this function basically adds amount of
+ * budgeted index space to the size of the current index, multiplies this by 3,
+ * and makes sure this does not exceed the amount of free LEBs.
+ *
+ * Notes about @c->bi.min_idx_lebs and @c->lst.idx_lebs variables:
+ * o @c->lst.idx_lebs is the number of LEBs the index currently uses. It might
+ *    be large, because UBIFS does not do any index consolidation as long as
+ *    there is free space. IOW, the index may take a lot of LEBs, but the LEBs
+ *    will contain a lot of dirt.
+ * o @c->bi.min_idx_lebs is the number of LEBS the index presumably takes. IOW,
+ *    the index may be consolidated to take up to @c->bi.min_idx_lebs LEBs.
+ *
+ * This function returns zero in case of success, and %-ENOSPC in case of
+ * failure.
+ */
+static int do_budget_space(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	long long outstanding, available;
+	int lebs, rsvd_idx_lebs, min_idx_lebs;
+
+	/* First budget index space */
+	min_idx_lebs = ubifs_calc_min_idx_lebs(c);
+
+	/* Now 'min_idx_lebs' contains number of LEBs to reserve */
+	if (min_idx_lebs > c->lst.idx_lebs)
+		rsvd_idx_lebs = min_idx_lebs - c->lst.idx_lebs;
+	else
+		rsvd_idx_lebs = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * The number of LEBs that are available to be used by the index is:
+	 *
+	 *    @c->lst.empty_lebs + @c->freeable_cnt + @c->idx_gc_cnt -
+	 *    @c->lst.taken_empty_lebs
+	 *
+	 * @c->lst.empty_lebs are available because they are empty.
+	 * @c->freeable_cnt are available because they contain only free and
+	 * dirty space, @c->idx_gc_cnt are available because they are index
+	 * LEBs that have been garbage collected and are awaiting the commit
+	 * before they can be used. And the in-the-gaps method will grab these
+	 * if it needs them. @c->lst.taken_empty_lebs are empty LEBs that have
+	 * already been allocated for some purpose.
+	 *
+	 * Note, @c->idx_gc_cnt is included to both @c->lst.empty_lebs (because
+	 * these LEBs are empty) and to @c->lst.taken_empty_lebs (because they
+	 * are taken until after the commit).
+	 *
+	 * Note, @c->lst.taken_empty_lebs may temporarily be higher by one
+	 * because of the way we serialize LEB allocations and budgeting. See a
+	 * comment in 'ubifs_find_free_space()'.
+	 */
+	lebs = c->lst.empty_lebs + c->freeable_cnt + c->idx_gc_cnt -
+	       c->lst.taken_empty_lebs;
+	if (unlikely(rsvd_idx_lebs > lebs)) {
+		dbg_budg("out of indexing space: min_idx_lebs %d (old %d), rsvd_idx_lebs %d",
+			 min_idx_lebs, c->bi.min_idx_lebs, rsvd_idx_lebs);
+		return -ENOSPC;
+	}
+
+	available = ubifs_calc_available(c, min_idx_lebs);
+	outstanding = c->bi.data_growth + c->bi.dd_growth;
+
+	if (unlikely(available < outstanding)) {
+		dbg_budg("out of data space: available %lld, outstanding %lld",
+			 available, outstanding);
+		return -ENOSPC;
+	}
+
+	if (available - outstanding <= c->rp_size && !can_use_rp(c))
+		return -ENOSPC;
+
+	c->bi.min_idx_lebs = min_idx_lebs;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * calc_idx_growth - calculate approximate index growth from budgeting request.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @req: budgeting request
+ *
+ * For now we assume each new node adds one znode. But this is rather poor
+ * approximation, though.
+ */
+static int calc_idx_growth(const struct ubifs_info *c,
+			   const struct ubifs_budget_req *req)
+{
+	int znodes;
+
+	znodes = req->new_ino + (req->new_page << UBIFS_BLOCKS_PER_PAGE_SHIFT) +
+		 req->new_dent;
+	return znodes * c->max_idx_node_sz;
+}
+
+/**
+ * calc_data_growth - calculate approximate amount of new data from budgeting
+ * request.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @req: budgeting request
+ */
+static int calc_data_growth(const struct ubifs_info *c,
+			    const struct ubifs_budget_req *req)
+{
+	int data_growth;
+
+	data_growth = req->new_ino  ? c->bi.inode_budget : 0;
+	if (req->new_page)
+		data_growth += c->bi.page_budget;
+	if (req->new_dent)
+		data_growth += c->bi.dent_budget;
+	data_growth += req->new_ino_d;
+	return data_growth;
+}
+
+/**
+ * calc_dd_growth - calculate approximate amount of data which makes other data
+ * dirty from budgeting request.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @req: budgeting request
+ */
+static int calc_dd_growth(const struct ubifs_info *c,
+			  const struct ubifs_budget_req *req)
+{
+	int dd_growth;
+
+	dd_growth = req->dirtied_page ? c->bi.page_budget : 0;
+
+	if (req->dirtied_ino)
+		dd_growth += c->bi.inode_budget << (req->dirtied_ino - 1);
+	if (req->mod_dent)
+		dd_growth += c->bi.dent_budget;
+	dd_growth += req->dirtied_ino_d;
+	return dd_growth;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_budget_space - ensure there is enough space to complete an operation.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @req: budget request
+ *
+ * This function allocates budget for an operation. It uses pessimistic
+ * approximation of how much flash space the operation needs. The goal of this
+ * function is to make sure UBIFS always has flash space to flush all dirty
+ * pages, dirty inodes, and dirty znodes (liability). This function may force
+ * commit, garbage-collection or write-back. Returns zero in case of success,
+ * %-ENOSPC if there is no free space and other negative error codes in case of
+ * failures.
+ */
+int ubifs_budget_space(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_budget_req *req)
+{
+	int uninitialized_var(cmt_retries), uninitialized_var(wb_retries);
+	int err, idx_growth, data_growth, dd_growth, retried = 0;
+
+	ubifs_assert(req->new_page <= 1);
+	ubifs_assert(req->dirtied_page <= 1);
+	ubifs_assert(req->new_dent <= 1);
+	ubifs_assert(req->mod_dent <= 1);
+	ubifs_assert(req->new_ino <= 1);
+	ubifs_assert(req->new_ino_d <= UBIFS_MAX_INO_DATA);
+	ubifs_assert(req->dirtied_ino <= 4);
+	ubifs_assert(req->dirtied_ino_d <= UBIFS_MAX_INO_DATA * 4);
+	ubifs_assert(!(req->new_ino_d & 7));
+	ubifs_assert(!(req->dirtied_ino_d & 7));
+
+	data_growth = calc_data_growth(c, req);
+	dd_growth = calc_dd_growth(c, req);
+	if (!data_growth && !dd_growth)
+		return 0;
+	idx_growth = calc_idx_growth(c, req);
+
+again:
+	spin_lock(&c->space_lock);
+	ubifs_assert(c->bi.idx_growth >= 0);
+	ubifs_assert(c->bi.data_growth >= 0);
+	ubifs_assert(c->bi.dd_growth >= 0);
+
+	if (unlikely(c->bi.nospace) && (c->bi.nospace_rp || !can_use_rp(c))) {
+		dbg_budg("no space");
+		spin_unlock(&c->space_lock);
+		return -ENOSPC;
+	}
+
+	c->bi.idx_growth += idx_growth;
+	c->bi.data_growth += data_growth;
+	c->bi.dd_growth += dd_growth;
+
+	err = do_budget_space(c);
+	if (likely(!err)) {
+		req->idx_growth = idx_growth;
+		req->data_growth = data_growth;
+		req->dd_growth = dd_growth;
+		spin_unlock(&c->space_lock);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Restore the old values */
+	c->bi.idx_growth -= idx_growth;
+	c->bi.data_growth -= data_growth;
+	c->bi.dd_growth -= dd_growth;
+	spin_unlock(&c->space_lock);
+
+	if (req->fast) {
+		dbg_budg("no space for fast budgeting");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	err = make_free_space(c);
+	cond_resched();
+	if (err == -EAGAIN) {
+		dbg_budg("try again");
+		goto again;
+	} else if (err == -ENOSPC) {
+		if (!retried) {
+			retried = 1;
+			dbg_budg("-ENOSPC, but anyway try once again");
+			goto again;
+		}
+		dbg_budg("FS is full, -ENOSPC");
+		c->bi.nospace = 1;
+		if (can_use_rp(c) || c->rp_size == 0)
+			c->bi.nospace_rp = 1;
+		smp_wmb();
+	} else
+		ubifs_err("cannot budget space, error %d", err);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_release_budget - release budgeted free space.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @req: budget request
+ *
+ * This function releases the space budgeted by 'ubifs_budget_space()'. Note,
+ * since the index changes (which were budgeted for in @req->idx_growth) will
+ * only be written to the media on commit, this function moves the index budget
+ * from @c->bi.idx_growth to @c->bi.uncommitted_idx. The latter will be zeroed
+ * by the commit operation.
+ */
+void ubifs_release_budget(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_budget_req *req)
+{
+	ubifs_assert(req->new_page <= 1);
+	ubifs_assert(req->dirtied_page <= 1);
+	ubifs_assert(req->new_dent <= 1);
+	ubifs_assert(req->mod_dent <= 1);
+	ubifs_assert(req->new_ino <= 1);
+	ubifs_assert(req->new_ino_d <= UBIFS_MAX_INO_DATA);
+	ubifs_assert(req->dirtied_ino <= 4);
+	ubifs_assert(req->dirtied_ino_d <= UBIFS_MAX_INO_DATA * 4);
+	ubifs_assert(!(req->new_ino_d & 7));
+	ubifs_assert(!(req->dirtied_ino_d & 7));
+	if (!req->recalculate) {
+		ubifs_assert(req->idx_growth >= 0);
+		ubifs_assert(req->data_growth >= 0);
+		ubifs_assert(req->dd_growth >= 0);
+	}
+
+	if (req->recalculate) {
+		req->data_growth = calc_data_growth(c, req);
+		req->dd_growth = calc_dd_growth(c, req);
+		req->idx_growth = calc_idx_growth(c, req);
+	}
+
+	if (!req->data_growth && !req->dd_growth)
+		return;
+
+	c->bi.nospace = c->bi.nospace_rp = 0;
+	smp_wmb();
+
+	spin_lock(&c->space_lock);
+	c->bi.idx_growth -= req->idx_growth;
+	c->bi.uncommitted_idx += req->idx_growth;
+	c->bi.data_growth -= req->data_growth;
+	c->bi.dd_growth -= req->dd_growth;
+	c->bi.min_idx_lebs = ubifs_calc_min_idx_lebs(c);
+
+	ubifs_assert(c->bi.idx_growth >= 0);
+	ubifs_assert(c->bi.data_growth >= 0);
+	ubifs_assert(c->bi.dd_growth >= 0);
+	ubifs_assert(c->bi.min_idx_lebs < c->main_lebs);
+	ubifs_assert(!(c->bi.idx_growth & 7));
+	ubifs_assert(!(c->bi.data_growth & 7));
+	ubifs_assert(!(c->bi.dd_growth & 7));
+	spin_unlock(&c->space_lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_convert_page_budget - convert budget of a new page.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function converts budget which was allocated for a new page of data to
+ * the budget of changing an existing page of data. The latter is smaller than
+ * the former, so this function only does simple re-calculation and does not
+ * involve any write-back.
+ */
+void ubifs_convert_page_budget(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	spin_lock(&c->space_lock);
+	/* Release the index growth reservation */
+	c->bi.idx_growth -= c->max_idx_node_sz << UBIFS_BLOCKS_PER_PAGE_SHIFT;
+	/* Release the data growth reservation */
+	c->bi.data_growth -= c->bi.page_budget;
+	/* Increase the dirty data growth reservation instead */
+	c->bi.dd_growth += c->bi.page_budget;
+	/* And re-calculate the indexing space reservation */
+	c->bi.min_idx_lebs = ubifs_calc_min_idx_lebs(c);
+	spin_unlock(&c->space_lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_release_dirty_inode_budget - release dirty inode budget.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @ui: UBIFS inode to release the budget for
+ *
+ * This function releases budget corresponding to a dirty inode. It is usually
+ * called when after the inode has been written to the media and marked as
+ * clean. It also causes the "no space" flags to be cleared.
+ */
+void ubifs_release_dirty_inode_budget(struct ubifs_info *c,
+				      struct ubifs_inode *ui)
+{
+	struct ubifs_budget_req req;
+
+	memset(&req, 0, sizeof(struct ubifs_budget_req));
+	/* The "no space" flags will be cleared because dd_growth is > 0 */
+	req.dd_growth = c->bi.inode_budget + ALIGN(ui->data_len, 8);
+	ubifs_release_budget(c, &req);
+}
+#endif
+
 /**
  * ubifs_reported_space - calculate reported free space.
  * @c: the UBIFS file-system description object
@@ -111,3 +657,75 @@ long long ubifs_reported_space(const struct ubifs_info *c, long long free)
 	free *= factor;
 	return div_u64(free, divisor);
 }
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/**
+ * ubifs_get_free_space_nolock - return amount of free space.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function calculates amount of free space to report to user-space.
+ *
+ * Because UBIFS may introduce substantial overhead (the index, node headers,
+ * alignment, wastage at the end of LEBs, etc), it cannot report real amount of
+ * free flash space it has (well, because not all dirty space is reclaimable,
+ * UBIFS does not actually know the real amount). If UBIFS did so, it would
+ * bread user expectations about what free space is. Users seem to accustomed
+ * to assume that if the file-system reports N bytes of free space, they would
+ * be able to fit a file of N bytes to the FS. This almost works for
+ * traditional file-systems, because they have way less overhead than UBIFS.
+ * So, to keep users happy, UBIFS tries to take the overhead into account.
+ */
+long long ubifs_get_free_space_nolock(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int rsvd_idx_lebs, lebs;
+	long long available, outstanding, free;
+
+	ubifs_assert(c->bi.min_idx_lebs == ubifs_calc_min_idx_lebs(c));
+	outstanding = c->bi.data_growth + c->bi.dd_growth;
+	available = ubifs_calc_available(c, c->bi.min_idx_lebs);
+
+	/*
+	 * When reporting free space to user-space, UBIFS guarantees that it is
+	 * possible to write a file of free space size. This means that for
+	 * empty LEBs we may use more precise calculations than
+	 * 'ubifs_calc_available()' is using. Namely, we know that in empty
+	 * LEBs we would waste only @c->leb_overhead bytes, not @c->dark_wm.
+	 * Thus, amend the available space.
+	 *
+	 * Note, the calculations below are similar to what we have in
+	 * 'do_budget_space()', so refer there for comments.
+	 */
+	if (c->bi.min_idx_lebs > c->lst.idx_lebs)
+		rsvd_idx_lebs = c->bi.min_idx_lebs - c->lst.idx_lebs;
+	else
+		rsvd_idx_lebs = 0;
+	lebs = c->lst.empty_lebs + c->freeable_cnt + c->idx_gc_cnt -
+	       c->lst.taken_empty_lebs;
+	lebs -= rsvd_idx_lebs;
+	available += lebs * (c->dark_wm - c->leb_overhead);
+
+	if (available > outstanding)
+		free = ubifs_reported_space(c, available - outstanding);
+	else
+		free = 0;
+	return free;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_get_free_space - return amount of free space.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function calculates and returns amount of free space to report to
+ * user-space.
+ */
+long long ubifs_get_free_space(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	long long free;
+
+	spin_lock(&c->space_lock);
+	free = ubifs_get_free_space_nolock(c);
+	spin_unlock(&c->space_lock);
+
+	return free;
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/debug.c b/fs/ubifs/debug.c
index 6afb8835a5..2f50a554bb 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/debug.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/debug.c
@@ -3,18 +3,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Nokia Corporation
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
- * more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
- * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
- * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
  *
  * Authors: Artem Bityutskiy (Битюцкий Артём)
  *          Adrian Hunter
@@ -27,28 +16,44 @@
  * various local functions of those subsystems.
  */
 
-#define UBIFS_DBG_PRESERVE_UBI
-
+#define __UBOOT__
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/debugfs.h>
+#include <linux/math64.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/random.h>
+#else
+#include <linux/compat.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#endif
 #include "ubifs.h"
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_UBIFS_FS_DEBUG
-
-DEFINE_SPINLOCK(dbg_lock);
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(dbg_lock);
+#endif
 
-static char dbg_key_buf0[128];
-static char dbg_key_buf1[128];
-
-unsigned int ubifs_msg_flags = UBIFS_MSG_FLAGS_DEFAULT;
-unsigned int ubifs_chk_flags = UBIFS_CHK_FLAGS_DEFAULT;
-unsigned int ubifs_tst_flags;
-
-module_param_named(debug_msgs, ubifs_msg_flags, uint, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR);
-module_param_named(debug_chks, ubifs_chk_flags, uint, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR);
-module_param_named(debug_tsts, ubifs_tst_flags, uint, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR);
+static const char *get_key_fmt(int fmt)
+{
+	switch (fmt) {
+	case UBIFS_SIMPLE_KEY_FMT:
+		return "simple";
+	default:
+		return "unknown/invalid format";
+	}
+}
 
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(debug_msgs, "Debug message type flags");
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(debug_chks, "Debug check flags");
-MODULE_PARM_DESC(debug_tsts, "Debug special test flags");
+static const char *get_key_hash(int hash)
+{
+	switch (hash) {
+	case UBIFS_KEY_HASH_R5:
+		return "R5";
+	case UBIFS_KEY_HASH_TEST:
+		return "test";
+	default:
+		return "unknown/invalid name hash";
+	}
+}
 
 static const char *get_key_type(int type)
 {
@@ -68,8 +73,32 @@ static const char *get_key_type(int type)
 	}
 }
 
-static void sprintf_key(const struct ubifs_info *c, const union ubifs_key *key,
-			char *buffer)
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+static const char *get_dent_type(int type)
+{
+	switch (type) {
+	case UBIFS_ITYPE_REG:
+		return "file";
+	case UBIFS_ITYPE_DIR:
+		return "dir";
+	case UBIFS_ITYPE_LNK:
+		return "symlink";
+	case UBIFS_ITYPE_BLK:
+		return "blkdev";
+	case UBIFS_ITYPE_CHR:
+		return "char dev";
+	case UBIFS_ITYPE_FIFO:
+		return "fifo";
+	case UBIFS_ITYPE_SOCK:
+		return "socket";
+	default:
+		return "unknown/invalid type";
+	}
+}
+#endif
+
+const char *dbg_snprintf_key(const struct ubifs_info *c,
+			     const union ubifs_key *key, char *buffer, int len)
 {
 	char *p = buffer;
 	int type = key_type(c, key);
@@ -77,70 +106,3030 @@ static void sprintf_key(const struct ubifs_info *c, const union ubifs_key *key,
 	if (c->key_fmt == UBIFS_SIMPLE_KEY_FMT) {
 		switch (type) {
 		case UBIFS_INO_KEY:
-			sprintf(p, "(%lu, %s)", (unsigned long)key_inum(c, key),
-			       get_key_type(type));
+			len -= snprintf(p, len, "(%lu, %s)",
+					(unsigned long)key_inum(c, key),
+					get_key_type(type));
 			break;
 		case UBIFS_DENT_KEY:
 		case UBIFS_XENT_KEY:
-			sprintf(p, "(%lu, %s, %#08x)",
-				(unsigned long)key_inum(c, key),
-				get_key_type(type), key_hash(c, key));
+			len -= snprintf(p, len, "(%lu, %s, %#08x)",
+					(unsigned long)key_inum(c, key),
+					get_key_type(type), key_hash(c, key));
 			break;
 		case UBIFS_DATA_KEY:
-			sprintf(p, "(%lu, %s, %u)",
-				(unsigned long)key_inum(c, key),
-				get_key_type(type), key_block(c, key));
+			len -= snprintf(p, len, "(%lu, %s, %u)",
+					(unsigned long)key_inum(c, key),
+					get_key_type(type), key_block(c, key));
 			break;
 		case UBIFS_TRUN_KEY:
-			sprintf(p, "(%lu, %s)",
-				(unsigned long)key_inum(c, key),
-				get_key_type(type));
+			len -= snprintf(p, len, "(%lu, %s)",
+					(unsigned long)key_inum(c, key),
+					get_key_type(type));
 			break;
 		default:
-			sprintf(p, "(bad key type: %#08x, %#08x)",
-				key->u32[0], key->u32[1]);
+			len -= snprintf(p, len, "(bad key type: %#08x, %#08x)",
+					key->u32[0], key->u32[1]);
 		}
 	} else
-		sprintf(p, "bad key format %d", c->key_fmt);
+		len -= snprintf(p, len, "bad key format %d", c->key_fmt);
+	ubifs_assert(len > 0);
+	return p;
 }
 
-const char *dbg_key_str0(const struct ubifs_info *c, const union ubifs_key *key)
+const char *dbg_ntype(int type)
 {
-	/* dbg_lock must be held */
-	sprintf_key(c, key, dbg_key_buf0);
-	return dbg_key_buf0;
+	switch (type) {
+	case UBIFS_PAD_NODE:
+		return "padding node";
+	case UBIFS_SB_NODE:
+		return "superblock node";
+	case UBIFS_MST_NODE:
+		return "master node";
+	case UBIFS_REF_NODE:
+		return "reference node";
+	case UBIFS_INO_NODE:
+		return "inode node";
+	case UBIFS_DENT_NODE:
+		return "direntry node";
+	case UBIFS_XENT_NODE:
+		return "xentry node";
+	case UBIFS_DATA_NODE:
+		return "data node";
+	case UBIFS_TRUN_NODE:
+		return "truncate node";
+	case UBIFS_IDX_NODE:
+		return "indexing node";
+	case UBIFS_CS_NODE:
+		return "commit start node";
+	case UBIFS_ORPH_NODE:
+		return "orphan node";
+	default:
+		return "unknown node";
+	}
 }
 
-const char *dbg_key_str1(const struct ubifs_info *c, const union ubifs_key *key)
+static const char *dbg_gtype(int type)
 {
-	/* dbg_lock must be held */
-	sprintf_key(c, key, dbg_key_buf1);
-	return dbg_key_buf1;
+	switch (type) {
+	case UBIFS_NO_NODE_GROUP:
+		return "no node group";
+	case UBIFS_IN_NODE_GROUP:
+		return "in node group";
+	case UBIFS_LAST_OF_NODE_GROUP:
+		return "last of node group";
+	default:
+		return "unknown";
+	}
+}
+
+const char *dbg_cstate(int cmt_state)
+{
+	switch (cmt_state) {
+	case COMMIT_RESTING:
+		return "commit resting";
+	case COMMIT_BACKGROUND:
+		return "background commit requested";
+	case COMMIT_REQUIRED:
+		return "commit required";
+	case COMMIT_RUNNING_BACKGROUND:
+		return "BACKGROUND commit running";
+	case COMMIT_RUNNING_REQUIRED:
+		return "commit running and required";
+	case COMMIT_BROKEN:
+		return "broken commit";
+	default:
+		return "unknown commit state";
+	}
+}
+
+const char *dbg_jhead(int jhead)
+{
+	switch (jhead) {
+	case GCHD:
+		return "0 (GC)";
+	case BASEHD:
+		return "1 (base)";
+	case DATAHD:
+		return "2 (data)";
+	default:
+		return "unknown journal head";
+	}
+}
+
+static void dump_ch(const struct ubifs_ch *ch)
+{
+	pr_err("\tmagic          %#x\n", le32_to_cpu(ch->magic));
+	pr_err("\tcrc            %#x\n", le32_to_cpu(ch->crc));
+	pr_err("\tnode_type      %d (%s)\n", ch->node_type,
+	       dbg_ntype(ch->node_type));
+	pr_err("\tgroup_type     %d (%s)\n", ch->group_type,
+	       dbg_gtype(ch->group_type));
+	pr_err("\tsqnum          %llu\n",
+	       (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(ch->sqnum));
+	pr_err("\tlen            %u\n", le32_to_cpu(ch->len));
+}
+
+void ubifs_dump_inode(struct ubifs_info *c, const struct inode *inode)
+{
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	const struct ubifs_inode *ui = ubifs_inode(inode);
+	struct qstr nm = { .name = NULL };
+	union ubifs_key key;
+	struct ubifs_dent_node *dent, *pdent = NULL;
+	int count = 2;
+
+	pr_err("Dump in-memory inode:");
+	pr_err("\tinode          %lu\n", inode->i_ino);
+	pr_err("\tsize           %llu\n",
+	       (unsigned long long)i_size_read(inode));
+	pr_err("\tnlink          %u\n", inode->i_nlink);
+	pr_err("\tuid            %u\n", (unsigned int)i_uid_read(inode));
+	pr_err("\tgid            %u\n", (unsigned int)i_gid_read(inode));
+	pr_err("\tatime          %u.%u\n",
+	       (unsigned int)inode->i_atime.tv_sec,
+	       (unsigned int)inode->i_atime.tv_nsec);
+	pr_err("\tmtime          %u.%u\n",
+	       (unsigned int)inode->i_mtime.tv_sec,
+	       (unsigned int)inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec);
+	pr_err("\tctime          %u.%u\n",
+	       (unsigned int)inode->i_ctime.tv_sec,
+	       (unsigned int)inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+	pr_err("\tcreat_sqnum    %llu\n", ui->creat_sqnum);
+	pr_err("\txattr_size     %u\n", ui->xattr_size);
+	pr_err("\txattr_cnt      %u\n", ui->xattr_cnt);
+	pr_err("\txattr_names    %u\n", ui->xattr_names);
+	pr_err("\tdirty          %u\n", ui->dirty);
+	pr_err("\txattr          %u\n", ui->xattr);
+	pr_err("\tbulk_read      %u\n", ui->xattr);
+	pr_err("\tsynced_i_size  %llu\n",
+	       (unsigned long long)ui->synced_i_size);
+	pr_err("\tui_size        %llu\n",
+	       (unsigned long long)ui->ui_size);
+	pr_err("\tflags          %d\n", ui->flags);
+	pr_err("\tcompr_type     %d\n", ui->compr_type);
+	pr_err("\tlast_page_read %lu\n", ui->last_page_read);
+	pr_err("\tread_in_a_row  %lu\n", ui->read_in_a_row);
+	pr_err("\tdata_len       %d\n", ui->data_len);
+
+	if (!S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
+		return;
+
+	pr_err("List of directory entries:\n");
+	ubifs_assert(!mutex_is_locked(&c->tnc_mutex));
+
+	lowest_dent_key(c, &key, inode->i_ino);
+	while (1) {
+		dent = ubifs_tnc_next_ent(c, &key, &nm);
+		if (IS_ERR(dent)) {
+			if (PTR_ERR(dent) != -ENOENT)
+				pr_err("error %ld\n", PTR_ERR(dent));
+			break;
+		}
+
+		pr_err("\t%d: %s (%s)\n",
+		       count++, dent->name, get_dent_type(dent->type));
+
+		nm.name = dent->name;
+		nm.len = le16_to_cpu(dent->nlen);
+		kfree(pdent);
+		pdent = dent;
+		key_read(c, &dent->key, &key);
+	}
+	kfree(pdent);
+#endif
+}
+
+void ubifs_dump_node(const struct ubifs_info *c, const void *node)
+{
+	int i, n;
+	union ubifs_key key;
+	const struct ubifs_ch *ch = node;
+	char key_buf[DBG_KEY_BUF_LEN];
+
+	/* If the magic is incorrect, just hexdump the first bytes */
+	if (le32_to_cpu(ch->magic) != UBIFS_NODE_MAGIC) {
+		pr_err("Not a node, first %zu bytes:", UBIFS_CH_SZ);
+		print_hex_dump(KERN_ERR, "", DUMP_PREFIX_OFFSET, 32, 1,
+			       (void *)node, UBIFS_CH_SZ, 1);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	spin_lock(&dbg_lock);
+	dump_ch(node);
+
+	switch (ch->node_type) {
+	case UBIFS_PAD_NODE:
+	{
+		const struct ubifs_pad_node *pad = node;
+
+		pr_err("\tpad_len        %u\n", le32_to_cpu(pad->pad_len));
+		break;
+	}
+	case UBIFS_SB_NODE:
+	{
+		const struct ubifs_sb_node *sup = node;
+		unsigned int sup_flags = le32_to_cpu(sup->flags);
+
+		pr_err("\tkey_hash       %d (%s)\n",
+		       (int)sup->key_hash, get_key_hash(sup->key_hash));
+		pr_err("\tkey_fmt        %d (%s)\n",
+		       (int)sup->key_fmt, get_key_fmt(sup->key_fmt));
+		pr_err("\tflags          %#x\n", sup_flags);
+		pr_err("\t  big_lpt      %u\n",
+		       !!(sup_flags & UBIFS_FLG_BIGLPT));
+		pr_err("\t  space_fixup  %u\n",
+		       !!(sup_flags & UBIFS_FLG_SPACE_FIXUP));
+		pr_err("\tmin_io_size    %u\n", le32_to_cpu(sup->min_io_size));
+		pr_err("\tleb_size       %u\n", le32_to_cpu(sup->leb_size));
+		pr_err("\tleb_cnt        %u\n", le32_to_cpu(sup->leb_cnt));
+		pr_err("\tmax_leb_cnt    %u\n", le32_to_cpu(sup->max_leb_cnt));
+		pr_err("\tmax_bud_bytes  %llu\n",
+		       (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(sup->max_bud_bytes));
+		pr_err("\tlog_lebs       %u\n", le32_to_cpu(sup->log_lebs));
+		pr_err("\tlpt_lebs       %u\n", le32_to_cpu(sup->lpt_lebs));
+		pr_err("\torph_lebs      %u\n", le32_to_cpu(sup->orph_lebs));
+		pr_err("\tjhead_cnt      %u\n", le32_to_cpu(sup->jhead_cnt));
+		pr_err("\tfanout         %u\n", le32_to_cpu(sup->fanout));
+		pr_err("\tlsave_cnt      %u\n", le32_to_cpu(sup->lsave_cnt));
+		pr_err("\tdefault_compr  %u\n",
+		       (int)le16_to_cpu(sup->default_compr));
+		pr_err("\trp_size        %llu\n",
+		       (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(sup->rp_size));
+		pr_err("\trp_uid         %u\n", le32_to_cpu(sup->rp_uid));
+		pr_err("\trp_gid         %u\n", le32_to_cpu(sup->rp_gid));
+		pr_err("\tfmt_version    %u\n", le32_to_cpu(sup->fmt_version));
+		pr_err("\ttime_gran      %u\n", le32_to_cpu(sup->time_gran));
+		pr_err("\tUUID           %pUB\n", sup->uuid);
+		break;
+	}
+	case UBIFS_MST_NODE:
+	{
+		const struct ubifs_mst_node *mst = node;
+
+		pr_err("\thighest_inum   %llu\n",
+		       (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(mst->highest_inum));
+		pr_err("\tcommit number  %llu\n",
+		       (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(mst->cmt_no));
+		pr_err("\tflags          %#x\n", le32_to_cpu(mst->flags));
+		pr_err("\tlog_lnum       %u\n", le32_to_cpu(mst->log_lnum));
+		pr_err("\troot_lnum      %u\n", le32_to_cpu(mst->root_lnum));
+		pr_err("\troot_offs      %u\n", le32_to_cpu(mst->root_offs));
+		pr_err("\troot_len       %u\n", le32_to_cpu(mst->root_len));
+		pr_err("\tgc_lnum        %u\n", le32_to_cpu(mst->gc_lnum));
+		pr_err("\tihead_lnum     %u\n", le32_to_cpu(mst->ihead_lnum));
+		pr_err("\tihead_offs     %u\n", le32_to_cpu(mst->ihead_offs));
+		pr_err("\tindex_size     %llu\n",
+		       (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(mst->index_size));
+		pr_err("\tlpt_lnum       %u\n", le32_to_cpu(mst->lpt_lnum));
+		pr_err("\tlpt_offs       %u\n", le32_to_cpu(mst->lpt_offs));
+		pr_err("\tnhead_lnum     %u\n", le32_to_cpu(mst->nhead_lnum));
+		pr_err("\tnhead_offs     %u\n", le32_to_cpu(mst->nhead_offs));
+		pr_err("\tltab_lnum      %u\n", le32_to_cpu(mst->ltab_lnum));
+		pr_err("\tltab_offs      %u\n", le32_to_cpu(mst->ltab_offs));
+		pr_err("\tlsave_lnum     %u\n", le32_to_cpu(mst->lsave_lnum));
+		pr_err("\tlsave_offs     %u\n", le32_to_cpu(mst->lsave_offs));
+		pr_err("\tlscan_lnum     %u\n", le32_to_cpu(mst->lscan_lnum));
+		pr_err("\tleb_cnt        %u\n", le32_to_cpu(mst->leb_cnt));
+		pr_err("\tempty_lebs     %u\n", le32_to_cpu(mst->empty_lebs));
+		pr_err("\tidx_lebs       %u\n", le32_to_cpu(mst->idx_lebs));
+		pr_err("\ttotal_free     %llu\n",
+		       (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(mst->total_free));
+		pr_err("\ttotal_dirty    %llu\n",
+		       (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(mst->total_dirty));
+		pr_err("\ttotal_used     %llu\n",
+		       (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(mst->total_used));
+		pr_err("\ttotal_dead     %llu\n",
+		       (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(mst->total_dead));
+		pr_err("\ttotal_dark     %llu\n",
+		       (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(mst->total_dark));
+		break;
+	}
+	case UBIFS_REF_NODE:
+	{
+		const struct ubifs_ref_node *ref = node;
+
+		pr_err("\tlnum           %u\n", le32_to_cpu(ref->lnum));
+		pr_err("\toffs           %u\n", le32_to_cpu(ref->offs));
+		pr_err("\tjhead          %u\n", le32_to_cpu(ref->jhead));
+		break;
+	}
+	case UBIFS_INO_NODE:
+	{
+		const struct ubifs_ino_node *ino = node;
+
+		key_read(c, &ino->key, &key);
+		pr_err("\tkey            %s\n",
+		       dbg_snprintf_key(c, &key, key_buf, DBG_KEY_BUF_LEN));
+		pr_err("\tcreat_sqnum    %llu\n",
+		       (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(ino->creat_sqnum));
+		pr_err("\tsize           %llu\n",
+		       (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(ino->size));
+		pr_err("\tnlink          %u\n", le32_to_cpu(ino->nlink));
+		pr_err("\tatime          %lld.%u\n",
+		       (long long)le64_to_cpu(ino->atime_sec),
+		       le32_to_cpu(ino->atime_nsec));
+		pr_err("\tmtime          %lld.%u\n",
+		       (long long)le64_to_cpu(ino->mtime_sec),
+		       le32_to_cpu(ino->mtime_nsec));
+		pr_err("\tctime          %lld.%u\n",
+		       (long long)le64_to_cpu(ino->ctime_sec),
+		       le32_to_cpu(ino->ctime_nsec));
+		pr_err("\tuid            %u\n", le32_to_cpu(ino->uid));
+		pr_err("\tgid            %u\n", le32_to_cpu(ino->gid));
+		pr_err("\tmode           %u\n", le32_to_cpu(ino->mode));
+		pr_err("\tflags          %#x\n", le32_to_cpu(ino->flags));
+		pr_err("\txattr_cnt      %u\n", le32_to_cpu(ino->xattr_cnt));
+		pr_err("\txattr_size     %u\n", le32_to_cpu(ino->xattr_size));
+		pr_err("\txattr_names    %u\n", le32_to_cpu(ino->xattr_names));
+		pr_err("\tcompr_type     %#x\n",
+		       (int)le16_to_cpu(ino->compr_type));
+		pr_err("\tdata len       %u\n", le32_to_cpu(ino->data_len));
+		break;
+	}
+	case UBIFS_DENT_NODE:
+	case UBIFS_XENT_NODE:
+	{
+		const struct ubifs_dent_node *dent = node;
+		int nlen = le16_to_cpu(dent->nlen);
+
+		key_read(c, &dent->key, &key);
+		pr_err("\tkey            %s\n",
+		       dbg_snprintf_key(c, &key, key_buf, DBG_KEY_BUF_LEN));
+		pr_err("\tinum           %llu\n",
+		       (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(dent->inum));
+		pr_err("\ttype           %d\n", (int)dent->type);
+		pr_err("\tnlen           %d\n", nlen);
+		pr_err("\tname           ");
+
+		if (nlen > UBIFS_MAX_NLEN)
+			pr_err("(bad name length, not printing, bad or corrupted node)");
+		else {
+			for (i = 0; i < nlen && dent->name[i]; i++)
+				pr_cont("%c", dent->name[i]);
+		}
+		pr_cont("\n");
+
+		break;
+	}
+	case UBIFS_DATA_NODE:
+	{
+		const struct ubifs_data_node *dn = node;
+		int dlen = le32_to_cpu(ch->len) - UBIFS_DATA_NODE_SZ;
+
+		key_read(c, &dn->key, &key);
+		pr_err("\tkey            %s\n",
+		       dbg_snprintf_key(c, &key, key_buf, DBG_KEY_BUF_LEN));
+		pr_err("\tsize           %u\n", le32_to_cpu(dn->size));
+		pr_err("\tcompr_typ      %d\n",
+		       (int)le16_to_cpu(dn->compr_type));
+		pr_err("\tdata size      %d\n", dlen);
+		pr_err("\tdata:\n");
+		print_hex_dump(KERN_ERR, "\t", DUMP_PREFIX_OFFSET, 32, 1,
+			       (void *)&dn->data, dlen, 0);
+		break;
+	}
+	case UBIFS_TRUN_NODE:
+	{
+		const struct ubifs_trun_node *trun = node;
+
+		pr_err("\tinum           %u\n", le32_to_cpu(trun->inum));
+		pr_err("\told_size       %llu\n",
+		       (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(trun->old_size));
+		pr_err("\tnew_size       %llu\n",
+		       (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(trun->new_size));
+		break;
+	}
+	case UBIFS_IDX_NODE:
+	{
+		const struct ubifs_idx_node *idx = node;
+
+		n = le16_to_cpu(idx->child_cnt);
+		pr_err("\tchild_cnt      %d\n", n);
+		pr_err("\tlevel          %d\n", (int)le16_to_cpu(idx->level));
+		pr_err("\tBranches:\n");
+
+		for (i = 0; i < n && i < c->fanout - 1; i++) {
+			const struct ubifs_branch *br;
+
+			br = ubifs_idx_branch(c, idx, i);
+			key_read(c, &br->key, &key);
+			pr_err("\t%d: LEB %d:%d len %d key %s\n",
+			       i, le32_to_cpu(br->lnum), le32_to_cpu(br->offs),
+			       le32_to_cpu(br->len),
+			       dbg_snprintf_key(c, &key, key_buf,
+						DBG_KEY_BUF_LEN));
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	case UBIFS_CS_NODE:
+		break;
+	case UBIFS_ORPH_NODE:
+	{
+		const struct ubifs_orph_node *orph = node;
+
+		pr_err("\tcommit number  %llu\n",
+		       (unsigned long long)
+				le64_to_cpu(orph->cmt_no) & LLONG_MAX);
+		pr_err("\tlast node flag %llu\n",
+		       (unsigned long long)(le64_to_cpu(orph->cmt_no)) >> 63);
+		n = (le32_to_cpu(ch->len) - UBIFS_ORPH_NODE_SZ) >> 3;
+		pr_err("\t%d orphan inode numbers:\n", n);
+		for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+			pr_err("\t  ino %llu\n",
+			       (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(orph->inos[i]));
+		break;
+	}
+	default:
+		pr_err("node type %d was not recognized\n",
+		       (int)ch->node_type);
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&dbg_lock);
+}
+
+void ubifs_dump_budget_req(const struct ubifs_budget_req *req)
+{
+	spin_lock(&dbg_lock);
+	pr_err("Budgeting request: new_ino %d, dirtied_ino %d\n",
+	       req->new_ino, req->dirtied_ino);
+	pr_err("\tnew_ino_d   %d, dirtied_ino_d %d\n",
+	       req->new_ino_d, req->dirtied_ino_d);
+	pr_err("\tnew_page    %d, dirtied_page %d\n",
+	       req->new_page, req->dirtied_page);
+	pr_err("\tnew_dent    %d, mod_dent     %d\n",
+	       req->new_dent, req->mod_dent);
+	pr_err("\tidx_growth  %d\n", req->idx_growth);
+	pr_err("\tdata_growth %d dd_growth     %d\n",
+	       req->data_growth, req->dd_growth);
+	spin_unlock(&dbg_lock);
+}
+
+void ubifs_dump_lstats(const struct ubifs_lp_stats *lst)
+{
+	spin_lock(&dbg_lock);
+	pr_err("(pid %d) Lprops statistics: empty_lebs %d, idx_lebs  %d\n",
+	       current->pid, lst->empty_lebs, lst->idx_lebs);
+	pr_err("\ttaken_empty_lebs %d, total_free %lld, total_dirty %lld\n",
+	       lst->taken_empty_lebs, lst->total_free, lst->total_dirty);
+	pr_err("\ttotal_used %lld, total_dark %lld, total_dead %lld\n",
+	       lst->total_used, lst->total_dark, lst->total_dead);
+	spin_unlock(&dbg_lock);
+}
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+void ubifs_dump_budg(struct ubifs_info *c, const struct ubifs_budg_info *bi)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct rb_node *rb;
+	struct ubifs_bud *bud;
+	struct ubifs_gced_idx_leb *idx_gc;
+	long long available, outstanding, free;
+
+	spin_lock(&c->space_lock);
+	spin_lock(&dbg_lock);
+	pr_err("(pid %d) Budgeting info: data budget sum %lld, total budget sum %lld\n",
+	       current->pid, bi->data_growth + bi->dd_growth,
+	       bi->data_growth + bi->dd_growth + bi->idx_growth);
+	pr_err("\tbudg_data_growth %lld, budg_dd_growth %lld, budg_idx_growth %lld\n",
+	       bi->data_growth, bi->dd_growth, bi->idx_growth);
+	pr_err("\tmin_idx_lebs %d, old_idx_sz %llu, uncommitted_idx %lld\n",
+	       bi->min_idx_lebs, bi->old_idx_sz, bi->uncommitted_idx);
+	pr_err("\tpage_budget %d, inode_budget %d, dent_budget %d\n",
+	       bi->page_budget, bi->inode_budget, bi->dent_budget);
+	pr_err("\tnospace %u, nospace_rp %u\n", bi->nospace, bi->nospace_rp);
+	pr_err("\tdark_wm %d, dead_wm %d, max_idx_node_sz %d\n",
+	       c->dark_wm, c->dead_wm, c->max_idx_node_sz);
+
+	if (bi != &c->bi)
+		/*
+		 * If we are dumping saved budgeting data, do not print
+		 * additional information which is about the current state, not
+		 * the old one which corresponded to the saved budgeting data.
+		 */
+		goto out_unlock;
+
+	pr_err("\tfreeable_cnt %d, calc_idx_sz %lld, idx_gc_cnt %d\n",
+	       c->freeable_cnt, c->calc_idx_sz, c->idx_gc_cnt);
+	pr_err("\tdirty_pg_cnt %ld, dirty_zn_cnt %ld, clean_zn_cnt %ld\n",
+	       atomic_long_read(&c->dirty_pg_cnt),
+	       atomic_long_read(&c->dirty_zn_cnt),
+	       atomic_long_read(&c->clean_zn_cnt));
+	pr_err("\tgc_lnum %d, ihead_lnum %d\n", c->gc_lnum, c->ihead_lnum);
+
+	/* If we are in R/O mode, journal heads do not exist */
+	if (c->jheads)
+		for (i = 0; i < c->jhead_cnt; i++)
+			pr_err("\tjhead %s\t LEB %d\n",
+			       dbg_jhead(c->jheads[i].wbuf.jhead),
+			       c->jheads[i].wbuf.lnum);
+	for (rb = rb_first(&c->buds); rb; rb = rb_next(rb)) {
+		bud = rb_entry(rb, struct ubifs_bud, rb);
+		pr_err("\tbud LEB %d\n", bud->lnum);
+	}
+	list_for_each_entry(bud, &c->old_buds, list)
+		pr_err("\told bud LEB %d\n", bud->lnum);
+	list_for_each_entry(idx_gc, &c->idx_gc, list)
+		pr_err("\tGC'ed idx LEB %d unmap %d\n",
+		       idx_gc->lnum, idx_gc->unmap);
+	pr_err("\tcommit state %d\n", c->cmt_state);
+
+	/* Print budgeting predictions */
+	available = ubifs_calc_available(c, c->bi.min_idx_lebs);
+	outstanding = c->bi.data_growth + c->bi.dd_growth;
+	free = ubifs_get_free_space_nolock(c);
+	pr_err("Budgeting predictions:\n");
+	pr_err("\tavailable: %lld, outstanding %lld, free %lld\n",
+	       available, outstanding, free);
+out_unlock:
+	spin_unlock(&dbg_lock);
+	spin_unlock(&c->space_lock);
+}
+#else
+void ubifs_dump_budg(struct ubifs_info *c, const struct ubifs_budg_info *bi)
+{
+}
+#endif
+
+void ubifs_dump_lprop(const struct ubifs_info *c, const struct ubifs_lprops *lp)
+{
+	int i, spc, dark = 0, dead = 0;
+	struct rb_node *rb;
+	struct ubifs_bud *bud;
+
+	spc = lp->free + lp->dirty;
+	if (spc < c->dead_wm)
+		dead = spc;
+	else
+		dark = ubifs_calc_dark(c, spc);
+
+	if (lp->flags & LPROPS_INDEX)
+		pr_err("LEB %-7d free %-8d dirty %-8d used %-8d free + dirty %-8d flags %#x (",
+		       lp->lnum, lp->free, lp->dirty, c->leb_size - spc, spc,
+		       lp->flags);
+	else
+		pr_err("LEB %-7d free %-8d dirty %-8d used %-8d free + dirty %-8d dark %-4d dead %-4d nodes fit %-3d flags %#-4x (",
+		       lp->lnum, lp->free, lp->dirty, c->leb_size - spc, spc,
+		       dark, dead, (int)(spc / UBIFS_MAX_NODE_SZ), lp->flags);
+
+	if (lp->flags & LPROPS_TAKEN) {
+		if (lp->flags & LPROPS_INDEX)
+			pr_cont("index, taken");
+		else
+			pr_cont("taken");
+	} else {
+		const char *s;
+
+		if (lp->flags & LPROPS_INDEX) {
+			switch (lp->flags & LPROPS_CAT_MASK) {
+			case LPROPS_DIRTY_IDX:
+				s = "dirty index";
+				break;
+			case LPROPS_FRDI_IDX:
+				s = "freeable index";
+				break;
+			default:
+				s = "index";
+			}
+		} else {
+			switch (lp->flags & LPROPS_CAT_MASK) {
+			case LPROPS_UNCAT:
+				s = "not categorized";
+				break;
+			case LPROPS_DIRTY:
+				s = "dirty";
+				break;
+			case LPROPS_FREE:
+				s = "free";
+				break;
+			case LPROPS_EMPTY:
+				s = "empty";
+				break;
+			case LPROPS_FREEABLE:
+				s = "freeable";
+				break;
+			default:
+				s = NULL;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		pr_cont("%s", s);
+	}
+
+	for (rb = rb_first((struct rb_root *)&c->buds); rb; rb = rb_next(rb)) {
+		bud = rb_entry(rb, struct ubifs_bud, rb);
+		if (bud->lnum == lp->lnum) {
+			int head = 0;
+			for (i = 0; i < c->jhead_cnt; i++) {
+				/*
+				 * Note, if we are in R/O mode or in the middle
+				 * of mounting/re-mounting, the write-buffers do
+				 * not exist.
+				 */
+				if (c->jheads &&
+				    lp->lnum == c->jheads[i].wbuf.lnum) {
+					pr_cont(", jhead %s", dbg_jhead(i));
+					head = 1;
+				}
+			}
+			if (!head)
+				pr_cont(", bud of jhead %s",
+				       dbg_jhead(bud->jhead));
+		}
+	}
+	if (lp->lnum == c->gc_lnum)
+		pr_cont(", GC LEB");
+	pr_cont(")\n");
+}
+
+void ubifs_dump_lprops(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int lnum, err;
+	struct ubifs_lprops lp;
+	struct ubifs_lp_stats lst;
+
+	pr_err("(pid %d) start dumping LEB properties\n", current->pid);
+	ubifs_get_lp_stats(c, &lst);
+	ubifs_dump_lstats(&lst);
+
+	for (lnum = c->main_first; lnum < c->leb_cnt; lnum++) {
+		err = ubifs_read_one_lp(c, lnum, &lp);
+		if (err)
+			ubifs_err("cannot read lprops for LEB %d", lnum);
+
+		ubifs_dump_lprop(c, &lp);
+	}
+	pr_err("(pid %d) finish dumping LEB properties\n", current->pid);
+}
+
+void ubifs_dump_lpt_info(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	spin_lock(&dbg_lock);
+	pr_err("(pid %d) dumping LPT information\n", current->pid);
+	pr_err("\tlpt_sz:        %lld\n", c->lpt_sz);
+	pr_err("\tpnode_sz:      %d\n", c->pnode_sz);
+	pr_err("\tnnode_sz:      %d\n", c->nnode_sz);
+	pr_err("\tltab_sz:       %d\n", c->ltab_sz);
+	pr_err("\tlsave_sz:      %d\n", c->lsave_sz);
+	pr_err("\tbig_lpt:       %d\n", c->big_lpt);
+	pr_err("\tlpt_hght:      %d\n", c->lpt_hght);
+	pr_err("\tpnode_cnt:     %d\n", c->pnode_cnt);
+	pr_err("\tnnode_cnt:     %d\n", c->nnode_cnt);
+	pr_err("\tdirty_pn_cnt:  %d\n", c->dirty_pn_cnt);
+	pr_err("\tdirty_nn_cnt:  %d\n", c->dirty_nn_cnt);
+	pr_err("\tlsave_cnt:     %d\n", c->lsave_cnt);
+	pr_err("\tspace_bits:    %d\n", c->space_bits);
+	pr_err("\tlpt_lnum_bits: %d\n", c->lpt_lnum_bits);
+	pr_err("\tlpt_offs_bits: %d\n", c->lpt_offs_bits);
+	pr_err("\tlpt_spc_bits:  %d\n", c->lpt_spc_bits);
+	pr_err("\tpcnt_bits:     %d\n", c->pcnt_bits);
+	pr_err("\tlnum_bits:     %d\n", c->lnum_bits);
+	pr_err("\tLPT root is at %d:%d\n", c->lpt_lnum, c->lpt_offs);
+	pr_err("\tLPT head is at %d:%d\n",
+	       c->nhead_lnum, c->nhead_offs);
+	pr_err("\tLPT ltab is at %d:%d\n", c->ltab_lnum, c->ltab_offs);
+	if (c->big_lpt)
+		pr_err("\tLPT lsave is at %d:%d\n",
+		       c->lsave_lnum, c->lsave_offs);
+	for (i = 0; i < c->lpt_lebs; i++)
+		pr_err("\tLPT LEB %d free %d dirty %d tgc %d cmt %d\n",
+		       i + c->lpt_first, c->ltab[i].free, c->ltab[i].dirty,
+		       c->ltab[i].tgc, c->ltab[i].cmt);
+	spin_unlock(&dbg_lock);
+}
+
+void ubifs_dump_sleb(const struct ubifs_info *c,
+		     const struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb, int offs)
+{
+	struct ubifs_scan_node *snod;
+
+	pr_err("(pid %d) start dumping scanned data from LEB %d:%d\n",
+	       current->pid, sleb->lnum, offs);
+
+	list_for_each_entry(snod, &sleb->nodes, list) {
+		cond_resched();
+		pr_err("Dumping node at LEB %d:%d len %d\n",
+		       sleb->lnum, snod->offs, snod->len);
+		ubifs_dump_node(c, snod->node);
+	}
+}
+
+void ubifs_dump_leb(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum)
+{
+	struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb;
+	struct ubifs_scan_node *snod;
+	void *buf;
+
+	pr_err("(pid %d) start dumping LEB %d\n", current->pid, lnum);
+
+	buf = __vmalloc(c->leb_size, GFP_NOFS, PAGE_KERNEL);
+	if (!buf) {
+		ubifs_err("cannot allocate memory for dumping LEB %d", lnum);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	sleb = ubifs_scan(c, lnum, 0, buf, 0);
+	if (IS_ERR(sleb)) {
+		ubifs_err("scan error %d", (int)PTR_ERR(sleb));
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	pr_err("LEB %d has %d nodes ending at %d\n", lnum,
+	       sleb->nodes_cnt, sleb->endpt);
+
+	list_for_each_entry(snod, &sleb->nodes, list) {
+		cond_resched();
+		pr_err("Dumping node at LEB %d:%d len %d\n", lnum,
+		       snod->offs, snod->len);
+		ubifs_dump_node(c, snod->node);
+	}
+
+	pr_err("(pid %d) finish dumping LEB %d\n", current->pid, lnum);
+	ubifs_scan_destroy(sleb);
+
+out:
+	vfree(buf);
+	return;
+}
+
+void ubifs_dump_znode(const struct ubifs_info *c,
+		      const struct ubifs_znode *znode)
+{
+	int n;
+	const struct ubifs_zbranch *zbr;
+	char key_buf[DBG_KEY_BUF_LEN];
+
+	spin_lock(&dbg_lock);
+	if (znode->parent)
+		zbr = &znode->parent->zbranch[znode->iip];
+	else
+		zbr = &c->zroot;
+
+	pr_err("znode %p, LEB %d:%d len %d parent %p iip %d level %d child_cnt %d flags %lx\n",
+	       znode, zbr->lnum, zbr->offs, zbr->len, znode->parent, znode->iip,
+	       znode->level, znode->child_cnt, znode->flags);
+
+	if (znode->child_cnt <= 0 || znode->child_cnt > c->fanout) {
+		spin_unlock(&dbg_lock);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	pr_err("zbranches:\n");
+	for (n = 0; n < znode->child_cnt; n++) {
+		zbr = &znode->zbranch[n];
+		if (znode->level > 0)
+			pr_err("\t%d: znode %p LEB %d:%d len %d key %s\n",
+			       n, zbr->znode, zbr->lnum, zbr->offs, zbr->len,
+			       dbg_snprintf_key(c, &zbr->key, key_buf,
+						DBG_KEY_BUF_LEN));
+		else
+			pr_err("\t%d: LNC %p LEB %d:%d len %d key %s\n",
+			       n, zbr->znode, zbr->lnum, zbr->offs, zbr->len,
+			       dbg_snprintf_key(c, &zbr->key, key_buf,
+						DBG_KEY_BUF_LEN));
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&dbg_lock);
+}
+
+void ubifs_dump_heap(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_lpt_heap *heap, int cat)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	pr_err("(pid %d) start dumping heap cat %d (%d elements)\n",
+	       current->pid, cat, heap->cnt);
+	for (i = 0; i < heap->cnt; i++) {
+		struct ubifs_lprops *lprops = heap->arr[i];
+
+		pr_err("\t%d. LEB %d hpos %d free %d dirty %d flags %d\n",
+		       i, lprops->lnum, lprops->hpos, lprops->free,
+		       lprops->dirty, lprops->flags);
+	}
+	pr_err("(pid %d) finish dumping heap\n", current->pid);
+}
+
+void ubifs_dump_pnode(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_pnode *pnode,
+		      struct ubifs_nnode *parent, int iip)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	pr_err("(pid %d) dumping pnode:\n", current->pid);
+	pr_err("\taddress %zx parent %zx cnext %zx\n",
+	       (size_t)pnode, (size_t)parent, (size_t)pnode->cnext);
+	pr_err("\tflags %lu iip %d level %d num %d\n",
+	       pnode->flags, iip, pnode->level, pnode->num);
+	for (i = 0; i < UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT; i++) {
+		struct ubifs_lprops *lp = &pnode->lprops[i];
+
+		pr_err("\t%d: free %d dirty %d flags %d lnum %d\n",
+		       i, lp->free, lp->dirty, lp->flags, lp->lnum);
+	}
+}
+
+void ubifs_dump_tnc(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	struct ubifs_znode *znode;
+	int level;
+
+	pr_err("\n");
+	pr_err("(pid %d) start dumping TNC tree\n", current->pid);
+	znode = ubifs_tnc_levelorder_next(c->zroot.znode, NULL);
+	level = znode->level;
+	pr_err("== Level %d ==\n", level);
+	while (znode) {
+		if (level != znode->level) {
+			level = znode->level;
+			pr_err("== Level %d ==\n", level);
+		}
+		ubifs_dump_znode(c, znode);
+		znode = ubifs_tnc_levelorder_next(c->zroot.znode, znode);
+	}
+	pr_err("(pid %d) finish dumping TNC tree\n", current->pid);
+}
+
+static int dump_znode(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_znode *znode,
+		      void *priv)
+{
+	ubifs_dump_znode(c, znode);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /**
- * ubifs_debugging_init - initialize UBIFS debugging.
+ * ubifs_dump_index - dump the on-flash index.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  *
- * This function initializes debugging-related data for the file system.
+ * This function dumps whole UBIFS indexing B-tree, unlike 'ubifs_dump_tnc()'
+ * which dumps only in-memory znodes and does not read znodes which from flash.
+ */
+void ubifs_dump_index(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	dbg_walk_index(c, NULL, dump_znode, NULL);
+}
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/**
+ * dbg_save_space_info - save information about flash space.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function saves information about UBIFS free space, dirty space, etc, in
+ * order to check it later.
+ */
+void dbg_save_space_info(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	struct ubifs_debug_info *d = c->dbg;
+	int freeable_cnt;
+
+	spin_lock(&c->space_lock);
+	memcpy(&d->saved_lst, &c->lst, sizeof(struct ubifs_lp_stats));
+	memcpy(&d->saved_bi, &c->bi, sizeof(struct ubifs_budg_info));
+	d->saved_idx_gc_cnt = c->idx_gc_cnt;
+
+	/*
+	 * We use a dirty hack here and zero out @c->freeable_cnt, because it
+	 * affects the free space calculations, and UBIFS might not know about
+	 * all freeable eraseblocks. Indeed, we know about freeable eraseblocks
+	 * only when we read their lprops, and we do this only lazily, upon the
+	 * need. So at any given point of time @c->freeable_cnt might be not
+	 * exactly accurate.
+	 *
+	 * Just one example about the issue we hit when we did not zero
+	 * @c->freeable_cnt.
+	 * 1. The file-system is mounted R/O, c->freeable_cnt is %0. We save the
+	 *    amount of free space in @d->saved_free
+	 * 2. We re-mount R/W, which makes UBIFS to read the "lsave"
+	 *    information from flash, where we cache LEBs from various
+	 *    categories ('ubifs_remount_fs()' -> 'ubifs_lpt_init()'
+	 *    -> 'lpt_init_wr()' -> 'read_lsave()' -> 'ubifs_lpt_lookup()'
+	 *    -> 'ubifs_get_pnode()' -> 'update_cats()'
+	 *    -> 'ubifs_add_to_cat()').
+	 * 3. Lsave contains a freeable eraseblock, and @c->freeable_cnt
+	 *    becomes %1.
+	 * 4. We calculate the amount of free space when the re-mount is
+	 *    finished in 'dbg_check_space_info()' and it does not match
+	 *    @d->saved_free.
+	 */
+	freeable_cnt = c->freeable_cnt;
+	c->freeable_cnt = 0;
+	d->saved_free = ubifs_get_free_space_nolock(c);
+	c->freeable_cnt = freeable_cnt;
+	spin_unlock(&c->space_lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_check_space_info - check flash space information.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function compares current flash space information with the information
+ * which was saved when the 'dbg_save_space_info()' function was called.
+ * Returns zero if the information has not changed, and %-EINVAL it it has
+ * changed.
+ */
+int dbg_check_space_info(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	struct ubifs_debug_info *d = c->dbg;
+	struct ubifs_lp_stats lst;
+	long long free;
+	int freeable_cnt;
+
+	spin_lock(&c->space_lock);
+	freeable_cnt = c->freeable_cnt;
+	c->freeable_cnt = 0;
+	free = ubifs_get_free_space_nolock(c);
+	c->freeable_cnt = freeable_cnt;
+	spin_unlock(&c->space_lock);
+
+	if (free != d->saved_free) {
+		ubifs_err("free space changed from %lld to %lld",
+			  d->saved_free, free);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+
+out:
+	ubifs_msg("saved lprops statistics dump");
+	ubifs_dump_lstats(&d->saved_lst);
+	ubifs_msg("saved budgeting info dump");
+	ubifs_dump_budg(c, &d->saved_bi);
+	ubifs_msg("saved idx_gc_cnt %d", d->saved_idx_gc_cnt);
+	ubifs_msg("current lprops statistics dump");
+	ubifs_get_lp_stats(c, &lst);
+	ubifs_dump_lstats(&lst);
+	ubifs_msg("current budgeting info dump");
+	ubifs_dump_budg(c, &c->bi);
+	dump_stack();
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_check_synced_i_size - check synchronized inode size.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @inode: inode to check
+ *
+ * If inode is clean, synchronized inode size has to be equivalent to current
+ * inode size. This function has to be called only for locked inodes (@i_mutex
+ * has to be locked). Returns %0 if synchronized inode size if correct, and
+ * %-EINVAL if not.
+ */
+int dbg_check_synced_i_size(const struct ubifs_info *c, struct inode *inode)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	struct ubifs_inode *ui = ubifs_inode(inode);
+
+	if (!dbg_is_chk_gen(c))
+		return 0;
+	if (!S_ISREG(inode->i_mode))
+		return 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&ui->ui_mutex);
+	spin_lock(&ui->ui_lock);
+	if (ui->ui_size != ui->synced_i_size && !ui->dirty) {
+		ubifs_err("ui_size is %lld, synced_i_size is %lld, but inode is clean",
+			  ui->ui_size, ui->synced_i_size);
+		ubifs_err("i_ino %lu, i_mode %#x, i_size %lld", inode->i_ino,
+			  inode->i_mode, i_size_read(inode));
+		dump_stack();
+		err = -EINVAL;
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&ui->ui_lock);
+	mutex_unlock(&ui->ui_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * dbg_check_dir - check directory inode size and link count.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @dir: the directory to calculate size for
+ * @size: the result is returned here
+ *
+ * This function makes sure that directory size and link count are correct.
  * Returns zero in case of success and a negative error code in case of
  * failure.
+ *
+ * Note, it is good idea to make sure the @dir->i_mutex is locked before
+ * calling this function.
+ */
+int dbg_check_dir(struct ubifs_info *c, const struct inode *dir)
+{
+	unsigned int nlink = 2;
+	union ubifs_key key;
+	struct ubifs_dent_node *dent, *pdent = NULL;
+	struct qstr nm = { .name = NULL };
+	loff_t size = UBIFS_INO_NODE_SZ;
+
+	if (!dbg_is_chk_gen(c))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!S_ISDIR(dir->i_mode))
+		return 0;
+
+	lowest_dent_key(c, &key, dir->i_ino);
+	while (1) {
+		int err;
+
+		dent = ubifs_tnc_next_ent(c, &key, &nm);
+		if (IS_ERR(dent)) {
+			err = PTR_ERR(dent);
+			if (err == -ENOENT)
+				break;
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		nm.name = dent->name;
+		nm.len = le16_to_cpu(dent->nlen);
+		size += CALC_DENT_SIZE(nm.len);
+		if (dent->type == UBIFS_ITYPE_DIR)
+			nlink += 1;
+		kfree(pdent);
+		pdent = dent;
+		key_read(c, &dent->key, &key);
+	}
+	kfree(pdent);
+
+	if (i_size_read(dir) != size) {
+		ubifs_err("directory inode %lu has size %llu, but calculated size is %llu",
+			  dir->i_ino, (unsigned long long)i_size_read(dir),
+			  (unsigned long long)size);
+		ubifs_dump_inode(c, dir);
+		dump_stack();
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	if (dir->i_nlink != nlink) {
+		ubifs_err("directory inode %lu has nlink %u, but calculated nlink is %u",
+			  dir->i_ino, dir->i_nlink, nlink);
+		ubifs_dump_inode(c, dir);
+		dump_stack();
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_check_key_order - make sure that colliding keys are properly ordered.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @zbr1: first zbranch
+ * @zbr2: following zbranch
+ *
+ * In UBIFS indexing B-tree colliding keys has to be sorted in binary order of
+ * names of the direntries/xentries which are referred by the keys. This
+ * function reads direntries/xentries referred by @zbr1 and @zbr2 and makes
+ * sure the name of direntry/xentry referred by @zbr1 is less than
+ * direntry/xentry referred by @zbr2. Returns zero if this is true, %1 if not,
+ * and a negative error code in case of failure.
  */
+static int dbg_check_key_order(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_zbranch *zbr1,
+			       struct ubifs_zbranch *zbr2)
+{
+	int err, nlen1, nlen2, cmp;
+	struct ubifs_dent_node *dent1, *dent2;
+	union ubifs_key key;
+	char key_buf[DBG_KEY_BUF_LEN];
+
+	ubifs_assert(!keys_cmp(c, &zbr1->key, &zbr2->key));
+	dent1 = kmalloc(UBIFS_MAX_DENT_NODE_SZ, GFP_NOFS);
+	if (!dent1)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	dent2 = kmalloc(UBIFS_MAX_DENT_NODE_SZ, GFP_NOFS);
+	if (!dent2) {
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out_free;
+	}
+
+	err = ubifs_tnc_read_node(c, zbr1, dent1);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_free;
+	err = ubifs_validate_entry(c, dent1);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_free;
+
+	err = ubifs_tnc_read_node(c, zbr2, dent2);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_free;
+	err = ubifs_validate_entry(c, dent2);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_free;
+
+	/* Make sure node keys are the same as in zbranch */
+	err = 1;
+	key_read(c, &dent1->key, &key);
+	if (keys_cmp(c, &zbr1->key, &key)) {
+		ubifs_err("1st entry at %d:%d has key %s", zbr1->lnum,
+			  zbr1->offs, dbg_snprintf_key(c, &key, key_buf,
+						       DBG_KEY_BUF_LEN));
+		ubifs_err("but it should have key %s according to tnc",
+			  dbg_snprintf_key(c, &zbr1->key, key_buf,
+					   DBG_KEY_BUF_LEN));
+		ubifs_dump_node(c, dent1);
+		goto out_free;
+	}
+
+	key_read(c, &dent2->key, &key);
+	if (keys_cmp(c, &zbr2->key, &key)) {
+		ubifs_err("2nd entry at %d:%d has key %s", zbr1->lnum,
+			  zbr1->offs, dbg_snprintf_key(c, &key, key_buf,
+						       DBG_KEY_BUF_LEN));
+		ubifs_err("but it should have key %s according to tnc",
+			  dbg_snprintf_key(c, &zbr2->key, key_buf,
+					   DBG_KEY_BUF_LEN));
+		ubifs_dump_node(c, dent2);
+		goto out_free;
+	}
+
+	nlen1 = le16_to_cpu(dent1->nlen);
+	nlen2 = le16_to_cpu(dent2->nlen);
+
+	cmp = memcmp(dent1->name, dent2->name, min_t(int, nlen1, nlen2));
+	if (cmp < 0 || (cmp == 0 && nlen1 < nlen2)) {
+		err = 0;
+		goto out_free;
+	}
+	if (cmp == 0 && nlen1 == nlen2)
+		ubifs_err("2 xent/dent nodes with the same name");
+	else
+		ubifs_err("bad order of colliding key %s",
+			  dbg_snprintf_key(c, &key, key_buf, DBG_KEY_BUF_LEN));
+
+	ubifs_msg("first node at %d:%d\n", zbr1->lnum, zbr1->offs);
+	ubifs_dump_node(c, dent1);
+	ubifs_msg("second node at %d:%d\n", zbr2->lnum, zbr2->offs);
+	ubifs_dump_node(c, dent2);
+
+out_free:
+	kfree(dent2);
+	kfree(dent1);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_check_znode - check if znode is all right.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @zbr: zbranch which points to this znode
+ *
+ * This function makes sure that znode referred to by @zbr is all right.
+ * Returns zero if it is, and %-EINVAL if it is not.
+ */
+static int dbg_check_znode(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_zbranch *zbr)
+{
+	struct ubifs_znode *znode = zbr->znode;
+	struct ubifs_znode *zp = znode->parent;
+	int n, err, cmp;
+
+	if (znode->child_cnt <= 0 || znode->child_cnt > c->fanout) {
+		err = 1;
+		goto out;
+	}
+	if (znode->level < 0) {
+		err = 2;
+		goto out;
+	}
+	if (znode->iip < 0 || znode->iip >= c->fanout) {
+		err = 3;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (zbr->len == 0)
+		/* Only dirty zbranch may have no on-flash nodes */
+		if (!ubifs_zn_dirty(znode)) {
+			err = 4;
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+	if (ubifs_zn_dirty(znode)) {
+		/*
+		 * If znode is dirty, its parent has to be dirty as well. The
+		 * order of the operation is important, so we have to have
+		 * memory barriers.
+		 */
+		smp_mb();
+		if (zp && !ubifs_zn_dirty(zp)) {
+			/*
+			 * The dirty flag is atomic and is cleared outside the
+			 * TNC mutex, so znode's dirty flag may now have
+			 * been cleared. The child is always cleared before the
+			 * parent, so we just need to check again.
+			 */
+			smp_mb();
+			if (ubifs_zn_dirty(znode)) {
+				err = 5;
+				goto out;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (zp) {
+		const union ubifs_key *min, *max;
+
+		if (znode->level != zp->level - 1) {
+			err = 6;
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		/* Make sure the 'parent' pointer in our znode is correct */
+		err = ubifs_search_zbranch(c, zp, &zbr->key, &n);
+		if (!err) {
+			/* This zbranch does not exist in the parent */
+			err = 7;
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		if (znode->iip >= zp->child_cnt) {
+			err = 8;
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		if (znode->iip != n) {
+			/* This may happen only in case of collisions */
+			if (keys_cmp(c, &zp->zbranch[n].key,
+				     &zp->zbranch[znode->iip].key)) {
+				err = 9;
+				goto out;
+			}
+			n = znode->iip;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Make sure that the first key in our znode is greater than or
+		 * equal to the key in the pointing zbranch.
+		 */
+		min = &zbr->key;
+		cmp = keys_cmp(c, min, &znode->zbranch[0].key);
+		if (cmp == 1) {
+			err = 10;
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		if (n + 1 < zp->child_cnt) {
+			max = &zp->zbranch[n + 1].key;
+
+			/*
+			 * Make sure the last key in our znode is less or
+			 * equivalent than the key in the zbranch which goes
+			 * after our pointing zbranch.
+			 */
+			cmp = keys_cmp(c, max,
+				&znode->zbranch[znode->child_cnt - 1].key);
+			if (cmp == -1) {
+				err = 11;
+				goto out;
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		/* This may only be root znode */
+		if (zbr != &c->zroot) {
+			err = 12;
+			goto out;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Make sure that next key is greater or equivalent then the previous
+	 * one.
+	 */
+	for (n = 1; n < znode->child_cnt; n++) {
+		cmp = keys_cmp(c, &znode->zbranch[n - 1].key,
+			       &znode->zbranch[n].key);
+		if (cmp > 0) {
+			err = 13;
+			goto out;
+		}
+		if (cmp == 0) {
+			/* This can only be keys with colliding hash */
+			if (!is_hash_key(c, &znode->zbranch[n].key)) {
+				err = 14;
+				goto out;
+			}
+
+			if (znode->level != 0 || c->replaying)
+				continue;
+
+			/*
+			 * Colliding keys should follow binary order of
+			 * corresponding xentry/dentry names.
+			 */
+			err = dbg_check_key_order(c, &znode->zbranch[n - 1],
+						  &znode->zbranch[n]);
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+			if (err) {
+				err = 15;
+				goto out;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (n = 0; n < znode->child_cnt; n++) {
+		if (!znode->zbranch[n].znode &&
+		    (znode->zbranch[n].lnum == 0 ||
+		     znode->zbranch[n].len == 0)) {
+			err = 16;
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		if (znode->zbranch[n].lnum != 0 &&
+		    znode->zbranch[n].len == 0) {
+			err = 17;
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		if (znode->zbranch[n].lnum == 0 &&
+		    znode->zbranch[n].len != 0) {
+			err = 18;
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		if (znode->zbranch[n].lnum == 0 &&
+		    znode->zbranch[n].offs != 0) {
+			err = 19;
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		if (znode->level != 0 && znode->zbranch[n].znode)
+			if (znode->zbranch[n].znode->parent != znode) {
+				err = 20;
+				goto out;
+			}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+
+out:
+	ubifs_err("failed, error %d", err);
+	ubifs_msg("dump of the znode");
+	ubifs_dump_znode(c, znode);
+	if (zp) {
+		ubifs_msg("dump of the parent znode");
+		ubifs_dump_znode(c, zp);
+	}
+	dump_stack();
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+#else
+
+int dbg_check_dir(struct ubifs_info *c, const struct inode *dir)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void dbg_debugfs_exit_fs(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	return;
+}
+
 int ubifs_debugging_init(struct ubifs_info *c)
 {
-	c->dbg = kzalloc(sizeof(struct ubifs_debug_info), GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!c->dbg)
+	return 0;
+}
+void ubifs_debugging_exit(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+}
+int dbg_check_filesystem(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+int dbg_debugfs_init_fs(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/**
+ * dbg_check_tnc - check TNC tree.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @extra: do extra checks that are possible at start commit
+ *
+ * This function traverses whole TNC tree and checks every znode. Returns zero
+ * if everything is all right and %-EINVAL if something is wrong with TNC.
+ */
+int dbg_check_tnc(struct ubifs_info *c, int extra)
+{
+	struct ubifs_znode *znode;
+	long clean_cnt = 0, dirty_cnt = 0;
+	int err, last;
+
+	if (!dbg_is_chk_index(c))
+		return 0;
+
+	ubifs_assert(mutex_is_locked(&c->tnc_mutex));
+	if (!c->zroot.znode)
+		return 0;
+
+	znode = ubifs_tnc_postorder_first(c->zroot.znode);
+	while (1) {
+		struct ubifs_znode *prev;
+		struct ubifs_zbranch *zbr;
+
+		if (!znode->parent)
+			zbr = &c->zroot;
+		else
+			zbr = &znode->parent->zbranch[znode->iip];
+
+		err = dbg_check_znode(c, zbr);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+
+		if (extra) {
+			if (ubifs_zn_dirty(znode))
+				dirty_cnt += 1;
+			else
+				clean_cnt += 1;
+		}
+
+		prev = znode;
+		znode = ubifs_tnc_postorder_next(znode);
+		if (!znode)
+			break;
+
+		/*
+		 * If the last key of this znode is equivalent to the first key
+		 * of the next znode (collision), then check order of the keys.
+		 */
+		last = prev->child_cnt - 1;
+		if (prev->level == 0 && znode->level == 0 && !c->replaying &&
+		    !keys_cmp(c, &prev->zbranch[last].key,
+			      &znode->zbranch[0].key)) {
+			err = dbg_check_key_order(c, &prev->zbranch[last],
+						  &znode->zbranch[0]);
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+			if (err) {
+				ubifs_msg("first znode");
+				ubifs_dump_znode(c, prev);
+				ubifs_msg("second znode");
+				ubifs_dump_znode(c, znode);
+				return -EINVAL;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (extra) {
+		if (clean_cnt != atomic_long_read(&c->clean_zn_cnt)) {
+			ubifs_err("incorrect clean_zn_cnt %ld, calculated %ld",
+				  atomic_long_read(&c->clean_zn_cnt),
+				  clean_cnt);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		if (dirty_cnt != atomic_long_read(&c->dirty_zn_cnt)) {
+			ubifs_err("incorrect dirty_zn_cnt %ld, calculated %ld",
+				  atomic_long_read(&c->dirty_zn_cnt),
+				  dirty_cnt);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+#else
+int dbg_check_tnc(struct ubifs_info *c, int extra)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * dbg_walk_index - walk the on-flash index.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @leaf_cb: called for each leaf node
+ * @znode_cb: called for each indexing node
+ * @priv: private data which is passed to callbacks
+ *
+ * This function walks the UBIFS index and calls the @leaf_cb for each leaf
+ * node and @znode_cb for each indexing node. Returns zero in case of success
+ * and a negative error code in case of failure.
+ *
+ * It would be better if this function removed every znode it pulled to into
+ * the TNC, so that the behavior more closely matched the non-debugging
+ * behavior.
+ */
+int dbg_walk_index(struct ubifs_info *c, dbg_leaf_callback leaf_cb,
+		   dbg_znode_callback znode_cb, void *priv)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct ubifs_zbranch *zbr;
+	struct ubifs_znode *znode, *child;
+
+	mutex_lock(&c->tnc_mutex);
+	/* If the root indexing node is not in TNC - pull it */
+	if (!c->zroot.znode) {
+		c->zroot.znode = ubifs_load_znode(c, &c->zroot, NULL, 0);
+		if (IS_ERR(c->zroot.znode)) {
+			err = PTR_ERR(c->zroot.znode);
+			c->zroot.znode = NULL;
+			goto out_unlock;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * We are going to traverse the indexing tree in the postorder manner.
+	 * Go down and find the leftmost indexing node where we are going to
+	 * start from.
+	 */
+	znode = c->zroot.znode;
+	while (znode->level > 0) {
+		zbr = &znode->zbranch[0];
+		child = zbr->znode;
+		if (!child) {
+			child = ubifs_load_znode(c, zbr, znode, 0);
+			if (IS_ERR(child)) {
+				err = PTR_ERR(child);
+				goto out_unlock;
+			}
+			zbr->znode = child;
+		}
+
+		znode = child;
+	}
+
+	/* Iterate over all indexing nodes */
+	while (1) {
+		int idx;
+
+		cond_resched();
+
+		if (znode_cb) {
+			err = znode_cb(c, znode, priv);
+			if (err) {
+				ubifs_err("znode checking function returned error %d",
+					  err);
+				ubifs_dump_znode(c, znode);
+				goto out_dump;
+			}
+		}
+		if (leaf_cb && znode->level == 0) {
+			for (idx = 0; idx < znode->child_cnt; idx++) {
+				zbr = &znode->zbranch[idx];
+				err = leaf_cb(c, zbr, priv);
+				if (err) {
+					ubifs_err("leaf checking function returned error %d, for leaf at LEB %d:%d",
+						  err, zbr->lnum, zbr->offs);
+					goto out_dump;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (!znode->parent)
+			break;
+
+		idx = znode->iip + 1;
+		znode = znode->parent;
+		if (idx < znode->child_cnt) {
+			/* Switch to the next index in the parent */
+			zbr = &znode->zbranch[idx];
+			child = zbr->znode;
+			if (!child) {
+				child = ubifs_load_znode(c, zbr, znode, idx);
+				if (IS_ERR(child)) {
+					err = PTR_ERR(child);
+					goto out_unlock;
+				}
+				zbr->znode = child;
+			}
+			znode = child;
+		} else
+			/*
+			 * This is the last child, switch to the parent and
+			 * continue.
+			 */
+			continue;
+
+		/* Go to the lowest leftmost znode in the new sub-tree */
+		while (znode->level > 0) {
+			zbr = &znode->zbranch[0];
+			child = zbr->znode;
+			if (!child) {
+				child = ubifs_load_znode(c, zbr, znode, 0);
+				if (IS_ERR(child)) {
+					err = PTR_ERR(child);
+					goto out_unlock;
+				}
+				zbr->znode = child;
+			}
+			znode = child;
+		}
+	}
+
+	mutex_unlock(&c->tnc_mutex);
+	return 0;
+
+out_dump:
+	if (znode->parent)
+		zbr = &znode->parent->zbranch[znode->iip];
+	else
+		zbr = &c->zroot;
+	ubifs_msg("dump of znode at LEB %d:%d", zbr->lnum, zbr->offs);
+	ubifs_dump_znode(c, znode);
+out_unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&c->tnc_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * add_size - add znode size to partially calculated index size.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @znode: znode to add size for
+ * @priv: partially calculated index size
+ *
+ * This is a helper function for 'dbg_check_idx_size()' which is called for
+ * every indexing node and adds its size to the 'long long' variable pointed to
+ * by @priv.
+ */
+static int add_size(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_znode *znode, void *priv)
+{
+	long long *idx_size = priv;
+	int add;
+
+	add = ubifs_idx_node_sz(c, znode->child_cnt);
+	add = ALIGN(add, 8);
+	*idx_size += add;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_check_idx_size - check index size.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @idx_size: size to check
+ *
+ * This function walks the UBIFS index, calculates its size and checks that the
+ * size is equivalent to @idx_size. Returns zero in case of success and a
+ * negative error code in case of failure.
+ */
+int dbg_check_idx_size(struct ubifs_info *c, long long idx_size)
+{
+	int err;
+	long long calc = 0;
+
+	if (!dbg_is_chk_index(c))
+		return 0;
+
+	err = dbg_walk_index(c, NULL, add_size, &calc);
+	if (err) {
+		ubifs_err("error %d while walking the index", err);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	if (calc != idx_size) {
+		ubifs_err("index size check failed: calculated size is %lld, should be %lld",
+			  calc, idx_size);
+		dump_stack();
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/**
+ * struct fsck_inode - information about an inode used when checking the file-system.
+ * @rb: link in the RB-tree of inodes
+ * @inum: inode number
+ * @mode: inode type, permissions, etc
+ * @nlink: inode link count
+ * @xattr_cnt: count of extended attributes
+ * @references: how many directory/xattr entries refer this inode (calculated
+ *              while walking the index)
+ * @calc_cnt: for directory inode count of child directories
+ * @size: inode size (read from on-flash inode)
+ * @xattr_sz: summary size of all extended attributes (read from on-flash
+ *            inode)
+ * @calc_sz: for directories calculated directory size
+ * @calc_xcnt: count of extended attributes
+ * @calc_xsz: calculated summary size of all extended attributes
+ * @xattr_nms: sum of lengths of all extended attribute names belonging to this
+ *             inode (read from on-flash inode)
+ * @calc_xnms: calculated sum of lengths of all extended attribute names
+ */
+struct fsck_inode {
+	struct rb_node rb;
+	ino_t inum;
+	umode_t mode;
+	unsigned int nlink;
+	unsigned int xattr_cnt;
+	int references;
+	int calc_cnt;
+	long long size;
+	unsigned int xattr_sz;
+	long long calc_sz;
+	long long calc_xcnt;
+	long long calc_xsz;
+	unsigned int xattr_nms;
+	long long calc_xnms;
+};
+
+/**
+ * struct fsck_data - private FS checking information.
+ * @inodes: RB-tree of all inodes (contains @struct fsck_inode objects)
+ */
+struct fsck_data {
+	struct rb_root inodes;
+};
+
+/**
+ * add_inode - add inode information to RB-tree of inodes.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @fsckd: FS checking information
+ * @ino: raw UBIFS inode to add
+ *
+ * This is a helper function for 'check_leaf()' which adds information about
+ * inode @ino to the RB-tree of inodes. Returns inode information pointer in
+ * case of success and a negative error code in case of failure.
+ */
+static struct fsck_inode *add_inode(struct ubifs_info *c,
+				    struct fsck_data *fsckd,
+				    struct ubifs_ino_node *ino)
+{
+	struct rb_node **p, *parent = NULL;
+	struct fsck_inode *fscki;
+	ino_t inum = key_inum_flash(c, &ino->key);
+	struct inode *inode;
+	struct ubifs_inode *ui;
+
+	p = &fsckd->inodes.rb_node;
+	while (*p) {
+		parent = *p;
+		fscki = rb_entry(parent, struct fsck_inode, rb);
+		if (inum < fscki->inum)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
+		else if (inum > fscki->inum)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
+		else
+			return fscki;
+	}
+
+	if (inum > c->highest_inum) {
+		ubifs_err("too high inode number, max. is %lu",
+			  (unsigned long)c->highest_inum);
+		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+	}
+
+	fscki = kzalloc(sizeof(struct fsck_inode), GFP_NOFS);
+	if (!fscki)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+	inode = ilookup(c->vfs_sb, inum);
+
+	fscki->inum = inum;
+	/*
+	 * If the inode is present in the VFS inode cache, use it instead of
+	 * the on-flash inode which might be out-of-date. E.g., the size might
+	 * be out-of-date. If we do not do this, the following may happen, for
+	 * example:
+	 *   1. A power cut happens
+	 *   2. We mount the file-system R/O, the replay process fixes up the
+	 *      inode size in the VFS cache, but on on-flash.
+	 *   3. 'check_leaf()' fails because it hits a data node beyond inode
+	 *      size.
+	 */
+	if (!inode) {
+		fscki->nlink = le32_to_cpu(ino->nlink);
+		fscki->size = le64_to_cpu(ino->size);
+		fscki->xattr_cnt = le32_to_cpu(ino->xattr_cnt);
+		fscki->xattr_sz = le32_to_cpu(ino->xattr_size);
+		fscki->xattr_nms = le32_to_cpu(ino->xattr_names);
+		fscki->mode = le32_to_cpu(ino->mode);
+	} else {
+		ui = ubifs_inode(inode);
+		fscki->nlink = inode->i_nlink;
+		fscki->size = inode->i_size;
+		fscki->xattr_cnt = ui->xattr_cnt;
+		fscki->xattr_sz = ui->xattr_size;
+		fscki->xattr_nms = ui->xattr_names;
+		fscki->mode = inode->i_mode;
+		iput(inode);
+	}
+
+	if (S_ISDIR(fscki->mode)) {
+		fscki->calc_sz = UBIFS_INO_NODE_SZ;
+		fscki->calc_cnt = 2;
+	}
+
+	rb_link_node(&fscki->rb, parent, p);
+	rb_insert_color(&fscki->rb, &fsckd->inodes);
+
+	return fscki;
+}
+
+/**
+ * search_inode - search inode in the RB-tree of inodes.
+ * @fsckd: FS checking information
+ * @inum: inode number to search
+ *
+ * This is a helper function for 'check_leaf()' which searches inode @inum in
+ * the RB-tree of inodes and returns an inode information pointer or %NULL if
+ * the inode was not found.
+ */
+static struct fsck_inode *search_inode(struct fsck_data *fsckd, ino_t inum)
+{
+	struct rb_node *p;
+	struct fsck_inode *fscki;
+
+	p = fsckd->inodes.rb_node;
+	while (p) {
+		fscki = rb_entry(p, struct fsck_inode, rb);
+		if (inum < fscki->inum)
+			p = p->rb_left;
+		else if (inum > fscki->inum)
+			p = p->rb_right;
+		else
+			return fscki;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * read_add_inode - read inode node and add it to RB-tree of inodes.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @fsckd: FS checking information
+ * @inum: inode number to read
+ *
+ * This is a helper function for 'check_leaf()' which finds inode node @inum in
+ * the index, reads it, and adds it to the RB-tree of inodes. Returns inode
+ * information pointer in case of success and a negative error code in case of
+ * failure.
+ */
+static struct fsck_inode *read_add_inode(struct ubifs_info *c,
+					 struct fsck_data *fsckd, ino_t inum)
+{
+	int n, err;
+	union ubifs_key key;
+	struct ubifs_znode *znode;
+	struct ubifs_zbranch *zbr;
+	struct ubifs_ino_node *ino;
+	struct fsck_inode *fscki;
+
+	fscki = search_inode(fsckd, inum);
+	if (fscki)
+		return fscki;
+
+	ino_key_init(c, &key, inum);
+	err = ubifs_lookup_level0(c, &key, &znode, &n);
+	if (!err) {
+		ubifs_err("inode %lu not found in index", (unsigned long)inum);
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
+	} else if (err < 0) {
+		ubifs_err("error %d while looking up inode %lu",
+			  err, (unsigned long)inum);
+		return ERR_PTR(err);
+	}
+
+	zbr = &znode->zbranch[n];
+	if (zbr->len < UBIFS_INO_NODE_SZ) {
+		ubifs_err("bad node %lu node length %d",
+			  (unsigned long)inum, zbr->len);
+		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+	}
+
+	ino = kmalloc(zbr->len, GFP_NOFS);
+	if (!ino)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+	err = ubifs_tnc_read_node(c, zbr, ino);
+	if (err) {
+		ubifs_err("cannot read inode node at LEB %d:%d, error %d",
+			  zbr->lnum, zbr->offs, err);
+		kfree(ino);
+		return ERR_PTR(err);
+	}
+
+	fscki = add_inode(c, fsckd, ino);
+	kfree(ino);
+	if (IS_ERR(fscki)) {
+		ubifs_err("error %ld while adding inode %lu node",
+			  PTR_ERR(fscki), (unsigned long)inum);
+		return fscki;
+	}
+
+	return fscki;
+}
+
+/**
+ * check_leaf - check leaf node.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @zbr: zbranch of the leaf node to check
+ * @priv: FS checking information
+ *
+ * This is a helper function for 'dbg_check_filesystem()' which is called for
+ * every single leaf node while walking the indexing tree. It checks that the
+ * leaf node referred from the indexing tree exists, has correct CRC, and does
+ * some other basic validation. This function is also responsible for building
+ * an RB-tree of inodes - it adds all inodes into the RB-tree. It also
+ * calculates reference count, size, etc for each inode in order to later
+ * compare them to the information stored inside the inodes and detect possible
+ * inconsistencies. Returns zero in case of success and a negative error code
+ * in case of failure.
+ */
+static int check_leaf(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_zbranch *zbr,
+		      void *priv)
+{
+	ino_t inum;
+	void *node;
+	struct ubifs_ch *ch;
+	int err, type = key_type(c, &zbr->key);
+	struct fsck_inode *fscki;
+
+	if (zbr->len < UBIFS_CH_SZ) {
+		ubifs_err("bad leaf length %d (LEB %d:%d)",
+			  zbr->len, zbr->lnum, zbr->offs);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	node = kmalloc(zbr->len, GFP_NOFS);
+	if (!node)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
-	c->dbg->buf = vmalloc(c->leb_size);
-	if (!c->dbg->buf)
+	err = ubifs_tnc_read_node(c, zbr, node);
+	if (err) {
+		ubifs_err("cannot read leaf node at LEB %d:%d, error %d",
+			  zbr->lnum, zbr->offs, err);
+		goto out_free;
+	}
+
+	/* If this is an inode node, add it to RB-tree of inodes */
+	if (type == UBIFS_INO_KEY) {
+		fscki = add_inode(c, priv, node);
+		if (IS_ERR(fscki)) {
+			err = PTR_ERR(fscki);
+			ubifs_err("error %d while adding inode node", err);
+			goto out_dump;
+		}
 		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (type != UBIFS_DENT_KEY && type != UBIFS_XENT_KEY &&
+	    type != UBIFS_DATA_KEY) {
+		ubifs_err("unexpected node type %d at LEB %d:%d",
+			  type, zbr->lnum, zbr->offs);
+		err = -EINVAL;
+		goto out_free;
+	}
+
+	ch = node;
+	if (le64_to_cpu(ch->sqnum) > c->max_sqnum) {
+		ubifs_err("too high sequence number, max. is %llu",
+			  c->max_sqnum);
+		err = -EINVAL;
+		goto out_dump;
+	}
+
+	if (type == UBIFS_DATA_KEY) {
+		long long blk_offs;
+		struct ubifs_data_node *dn = node;
+
+		/*
+		 * Search the inode node this data node belongs to and insert
+		 * it to the RB-tree of inodes.
+		 */
+		inum = key_inum_flash(c, &dn->key);
+		fscki = read_add_inode(c, priv, inum);
+		if (IS_ERR(fscki)) {
+			err = PTR_ERR(fscki);
+			ubifs_err("error %d while processing data node and trying to find inode node %lu",
+				  err, (unsigned long)inum);
+			goto out_dump;
+		}
+
+		/* Make sure the data node is within inode size */
+		blk_offs = key_block_flash(c, &dn->key);
+		blk_offs <<= UBIFS_BLOCK_SHIFT;
+		blk_offs += le32_to_cpu(dn->size);
+		if (blk_offs > fscki->size) {
+			ubifs_err("data node at LEB %d:%d is not within inode size %lld",
+				  zbr->lnum, zbr->offs, fscki->size);
+			err = -EINVAL;
+			goto out_dump;
+		}
+	} else {
+		int nlen;
+		struct ubifs_dent_node *dent = node;
+		struct fsck_inode *fscki1;
+
+		err = ubifs_validate_entry(c, dent);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_dump;
+
+		/*
+		 * Search the inode node this entry refers to and the parent
+		 * inode node and insert them to the RB-tree of inodes.
+		 */
+		inum = le64_to_cpu(dent->inum);
+		fscki = read_add_inode(c, priv, inum);
+		if (IS_ERR(fscki)) {
+			err = PTR_ERR(fscki);
+			ubifs_err("error %d while processing entry node and trying to find inode node %lu",
+				  err, (unsigned long)inum);
+			goto out_dump;
+		}
+
+		/* Count how many direntries or xentries refers this inode */
+		fscki->references += 1;
+
+		inum = key_inum_flash(c, &dent->key);
+		fscki1 = read_add_inode(c, priv, inum);
+		if (IS_ERR(fscki1)) {
+			err = PTR_ERR(fscki1);
+			ubifs_err("error %d while processing entry node and trying to find parent inode node %lu",
+				  err, (unsigned long)inum);
+			goto out_dump;
+		}
+
+		nlen = le16_to_cpu(dent->nlen);
+		if (type == UBIFS_XENT_KEY) {
+			fscki1->calc_xcnt += 1;
+			fscki1->calc_xsz += CALC_DENT_SIZE(nlen);
+			fscki1->calc_xsz += CALC_XATTR_BYTES(fscki->size);
+			fscki1->calc_xnms += nlen;
+		} else {
+			fscki1->calc_sz += CALC_DENT_SIZE(nlen);
+			if (dent->type == UBIFS_ITYPE_DIR)
+				fscki1->calc_cnt += 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+out:
+	kfree(node);
+	return 0;
+
+out_dump:
+	ubifs_msg("dump of node at LEB %d:%d", zbr->lnum, zbr->offs);
+	ubifs_dump_node(c, node);
+out_free:
+	kfree(node);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * free_inodes - free RB-tree of inodes.
+ * @fsckd: FS checking information
+ */
+static void free_inodes(struct fsck_data *fsckd)
+{
+	struct fsck_inode *fscki, *n;
+
+	rbtree_postorder_for_each_entry_safe(fscki, n, &fsckd->inodes, rb)
+		kfree(fscki);
+}
+
+/**
+ * check_inodes - checks all inodes.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @fsckd: FS checking information
+ *
+ * This is a helper function for 'dbg_check_filesystem()' which walks the
+ * RB-tree of inodes after the index scan has been finished, and checks that
+ * inode nlink, size, etc are correct. Returns zero if inodes are fine,
+ * %-EINVAL if not, and a negative error code in case of failure.
+ */
+static int check_inodes(struct ubifs_info *c, struct fsck_data *fsckd)
+{
+	int n, err;
+	union ubifs_key key;
+	struct ubifs_znode *znode;
+	struct ubifs_zbranch *zbr;
+	struct ubifs_ino_node *ino;
+	struct fsck_inode *fscki;
+	struct rb_node *this = rb_first(&fsckd->inodes);
+
+	while (this) {
+		fscki = rb_entry(this, struct fsck_inode, rb);
+		this = rb_next(this);
+
+		if (S_ISDIR(fscki->mode)) {
+			/*
+			 * Directories have to have exactly one reference (they
+			 * cannot have hardlinks), although root inode is an
+			 * exception.
+			 */
+			if (fscki->inum != UBIFS_ROOT_INO &&
+			    fscki->references != 1) {
+				ubifs_err("directory inode %lu has %d direntries which refer it, but should be 1",
+					  (unsigned long)fscki->inum,
+					  fscki->references);
+				goto out_dump;
+			}
+			if (fscki->inum == UBIFS_ROOT_INO &&
+			    fscki->references != 0) {
+				ubifs_err("root inode %lu has non-zero (%d) direntries which refer it",
+					  (unsigned long)fscki->inum,
+					  fscki->references);
+				goto out_dump;
+			}
+			if (fscki->calc_sz != fscki->size) {
+				ubifs_err("directory inode %lu size is %lld, but calculated size is %lld",
+					  (unsigned long)fscki->inum,
+					  fscki->size, fscki->calc_sz);
+				goto out_dump;
+			}
+			if (fscki->calc_cnt != fscki->nlink) {
+				ubifs_err("directory inode %lu nlink is %d, but calculated nlink is %d",
+					  (unsigned long)fscki->inum,
+					  fscki->nlink, fscki->calc_cnt);
+				goto out_dump;
+			}
+		} else {
+			if (fscki->references != fscki->nlink) {
+				ubifs_err("inode %lu nlink is %d, but calculated nlink is %d",
+					  (unsigned long)fscki->inum,
+					  fscki->nlink, fscki->references);
+				goto out_dump;
+			}
+		}
+		if (fscki->xattr_sz != fscki->calc_xsz) {
+			ubifs_err("inode %lu has xattr size %u, but calculated size is %lld",
+				  (unsigned long)fscki->inum, fscki->xattr_sz,
+				  fscki->calc_xsz);
+			goto out_dump;
+		}
+		if (fscki->xattr_cnt != fscki->calc_xcnt) {
+			ubifs_err("inode %lu has %u xattrs, but calculated count is %lld",
+				  (unsigned long)fscki->inum,
+				  fscki->xattr_cnt, fscki->calc_xcnt);
+			goto out_dump;
+		}
+		if (fscki->xattr_nms != fscki->calc_xnms) {
+			ubifs_err("inode %lu has xattr names' size %u, but calculated names' size is %lld",
+				  (unsigned long)fscki->inum, fscki->xattr_nms,
+				  fscki->calc_xnms);
+			goto out_dump;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+
+out_dump:
+	/* Read the bad inode and dump it */
+	ino_key_init(c, &key, fscki->inum);
+	err = ubifs_lookup_level0(c, &key, &znode, &n);
+	if (!err) {
+		ubifs_err("inode %lu not found in index",
+			  (unsigned long)fscki->inum);
+		return -ENOENT;
+	} else if (err < 0) {
+		ubifs_err("error %d while looking up inode %lu",
+			  err, (unsigned long)fscki->inum);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	zbr = &znode->zbranch[n];
+	ino = kmalloc(zbr->len, GFP_NOFS);
+	if (!ino)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	err = ubifs_tnc_read_node(c, zbr, ino);
+	if (err) {
+		ubifs_err("cannot read inode node at LEB %d:%d, error %d",
+			  zbr->lnum, zbr->offs, err);
+		kfree(ino);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	ubifs_msg("dump of the inode %lu sitting in LEB %d:%d",
+		  (unsigned long)fscki->inum, zbr->lnum, zbr->offs);
+	ubifs_dump_node(c, ino);
+	kfree(ino);
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_check_filesystem - check the file-system.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function checks the file system, namely:
+ * o makes sure that all leaf nodes exist and their CRCs are correct;
+ * o makes sure inode nlink, size, xattr size/count are correct (for all
+ *   inodes).
+ *
+ * The function reads whole indexing tree and all nodes, so it is pretty
+ * heavy-weight. Returns zero if the file-system is consistent, %-EINVAL if
+ * not, and a negative error code in case of failure.
+ */
+int dbg_check_filesystem(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct fsck_data fsckd;
+
+	if (!dbg_is_chk_fs(c))
+		return 0;
+
+	fsckd.inodes = RB_ROOT;
+	err = dbg_walk_index(c, check_leaf, NULL, &fsckd);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_free;
+
+	err = check_inodes(c, &fsckd);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_free;
+
+	free_inodes(&fsckd);
+	return 0;
+
+out_free:
+	ubifs_err("file-system check failed with error %d", err);
+	dump_stack();
+	free_inodes(&fsckd);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_check_data_nodes_order - check that list of data nodes is sorted.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @head: the list of nodes ('struct ubifs_scan_node' objects)
+ *
+ * This function returns zero if the list of data nodes is sorted correctly,
+ * and %-EINVAL if not.
+ */
+int dbg_check_data_nodes_order(struct ubifs_info *c, struct list_head *head)
+{
+	struct list_head *cur;
+	struct ubifs_scan_node *sa, *sb;
+
+	if (!dbg_is_chk_gen(c))
+		return 0;
+
+	for (cur = head->next; cur->next != head; cur = cur->next) {
+		ino_t inuma, inumb;
+		uint32_t blka, blkb;
+
+		cond_resched();
+		sa = container_of(cur, struct ubifs_scan_node, list);
+		sb = container_of(cur->next, struct ubifs_scan_node, list);
+
+		if (sa->type != UBIFS_DATA_NODE) {
+			ubifs_err("bad node type %d", sa->type);
+			ubifs_dump_node(c, sa->node);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		if (sb->type != UBIFS_DATA_NODE) {
+			ubifs_err("bad node type %d", sb->type);
+			ubifs_dump_node(c, sb->node);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+
+		inuma = key_inum(c, &sa->key);
+		inumb = key_inum(c, &sb->key);
+
+		if (inuma < inumb)
+			continue;
+		if (inuma > inumb) {
+			ubifs_err("larger inum %lu goes before inum %lu",
+				  (unsigned long)inuma, (unsigned long)inumb);
+			goto error_dump;
+		}
+
+		blka = key_block(c, &sa->key);
+		blkb = key_block(c, &sb->key);
+
+		if (blka > blkb) {
+			ubifs_err("larger block %u goes before %u", blka, blkb);
+			goto error_dump;
+		}
+		if (blka == blkb) {
+			ubifs_err("two data nodes for the same block");
+			goto error_dump;
+		}
+	}
 
 	return 0;
 
+error_dump:
+	ubifs_dump_node(c, sa->node);
+	ubifs_dump_node(c, sb->node);
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_check_nondata_nodes_order - check that list of data nodes is sorted.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @head: the list of nodes ('struct ubifs_scan_node' objects)
+ *
+ * This function returns zero if the list of non-data nodes is sorted correctly,
+ * and %-EINVAL if not.
+ */
+int dbg_check_nondata_nodes_order(struct ubifs_info *c, struct list_head *head)
+{
+	struct list_head *cur;
+	struct ubifs_scan_node *sa, *sb;
+
+	if (!dbg_is_chk_gen(c))
+		return 0;
+
+	for (cur = head->next; cur->next != head; cur = cur->next) {
+		ino_t inuma, inumb;
+		uint32_t hasha, hashb;
+
+		cond_resched();
+		sa = container_of(cur, struct ubifs_scan_node, list);
+		sb = container_of(cur->next, struct ubifs_scan_node, list);
+
+		if (sa->type != UBIFS_INO_NODE && sa->type != UBIFS_DENT_NODE &&
+		    sa->type != UBIFS_XENT_NODE) {
+			ubifs_err("bad node type %d", sa->type);
+			ubifs_dump_node(c, sa->node);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		if (sa->type != UBIFS_INO_NODE && sa->type != UBIFS_DENT_NODE &&
+		    sa->type != UBIFS_XENT_NODE) {
+			ubifs_err("bad node type %d", sb->type);
+			ubifs_dump_node(c, sb->node);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+
+		if (sa->type != UBIFS_INO_NODE && sb->type == UBIFS_INO_NODE) {
+			ubifs_err("non-inode node goes before inode node");
+			goto error_dump;
+		}
+
+		if (sa->type == UBIFS_INO_NODE && sb->type != UBIFS_INO_NODE)
+			continue;
+
+		if (sa->type == UBIFS_INO_NODE && sb->type == UBIFS_INO_NODE) {
+			/* Inode nodes are sorted in descending size order */
+			if (sa->len < sb->len) {
+				ubifs_err("smaller inode node goes first");
+				goto error_dump;
+			}
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * This is either a dentry or xentry, which should be sorted in
+		 * ascending (parent ino, hash) order.
+		 */
+		inuma = key_inum(c, &sa->key);
+		inumb = key_inum(c, &sb->key);
+
+		if (inuma < inumb)
+			continue;
+		if (inuma > inumb) {
+			ubifs_err("larger inum %lu goes before inum %lu",
+				  (unsigned long)inuma, (unsigned long)inumb);
+			goto error_dump;
+		}
+
+		hasha = key_block(c, &sa->key);
+		hashb = key_block(c, &sb->key);
+
+		if (hasha > hashb) {
+			ubifs_err("larger hash %u goes before %u",
+				  hasha, hashb);
+			goto error_dump;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+
+error_dump:
+	ubifs_msg("dumping first node");
+	ubifs_dump_node(c, sa->node);
+	ubifs_msg("dumping second node");
+	ubifs_dump_node(c, sb->node);
+	return -EINVAL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int chance(unsigned int n, unsigned int out_of)
+{
+	return !!((prandom_u32() % out_of) + 1 <= n);
+
+}
+
+static int power_cut_emulated(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int write)
+{
+	struct ubifs_debug_info *d = c->dbg;
+
+	ubifs_assert(dbg_is_tst_rcvry(c));
+
+	if (!d->pc_cnt) {
+		/* First call - decide delay to the power cut */
+		if (chance(1, 2)) {
+			unsigned long delay;
+
+			if (chance(1, 2)) {
+				d->pc_delay = 1;
+				/* Fail withing 1 minute */
+				delay = prandom_u32() % 60000;
+				d->pc_timeout = jiffies;
+				d->pc_timeout += msecs_to_jiffies(delay);
+				ubifs_warn("failing after %lums", delay);
+			} else {
+				d->pc_delay = 2;
+				delay = prandom_u32() % 10000;
+				/* Fail within 10000 operations */
+				d->pc_cnt_max = delay;
+				ubifs_warn("failing after %lu calls", delay);
+			}
+		}
+
+		d->pc_cnt += 1;
+	}
+
+	/* Determine if failure delay has expired */
+	if (d->pc_delay == 1 && time_before(jiffies, d->pc_timeout))
+			return 0;
+	if (d->pc_delay == 2 && d->pc_cnt++ < d->pc_cnt_max)
+			return 0;
+
+	if (lnum == UBIFS_SB_LNUM) {
+		if (write && chance(1, 2))
+			return 0;
+		if (chance(19, 20))
+			return 0;
+		ubifs_warn("failing in super block LEB %d", lnum);
+	} else if (lnum == UBIFS_MST_LNUM || lnum == UBIFS_MST_LNUM + 1) {
+		if (chance(19, 20))
+			return 0;
+		ubifs_warn("failing in master LEB %d", lnum);
+	} else if (lnum >= UBIFS_LOG_LNUM && lnum <= c->log_last) {
+		if (write && chance(99, 100))
+			return 0;
+		if (chance(399, 400))
+			return 0;
+		ubifs_warn("failing in log LEB %d", lnum);
+	} else if (lnum >= c->lpt_first && lnum <= c->lpt_last) {
+		if (write && chance(7, 8))
+			return 0;
+		if (chance(19, 20))
+			return 0;
+		ubifs_warn("failing in LPT LEB %d", lnum);
+	} else if (lnum >= c->orph_first && lnum <= c->orph_last) {
+		if (write && chance(1, 2))
+			return 0;
+		if (chance(9, 10))
+			return 0;
+		ubifs_warn("failing in orphan LEB %d", lnum);
+	} else if (lnum == c->ihead_lnum) {
+		if (chance(99, 100))
+			return 0;
+		ubifs_warn("failing in index head LEB %d", lnum);
+	} else if (c->jheads && lnum == c->jheads[GCHD].wbuf.lnum) {
+		if (chance(9, 10))
+			return 0;
+		ubifs_warn("failing in GC head LEB %d", lnum);
+	} else if (write && !RB_EMPTY_ROOT(&c->buds) &&
+		   !ubifs_search_bud(c, lnum)) {
+		if (chance(19, 20))
+			return 0;
+		ubifs_warn("failing in non-bud LEB %d", lnum);
+	} else if (c->cmt_state == COMMIT_RUNNING_BACKGROUND ||
+		   c->cmt_state == COMMIT_RUNNING_REQUIRED) {
+		if (chance(999, 1000))
+			return 0;
+		ubifs_warn("failing in bud LEB %d commit running", lnum);
+	} else {
+		if (chance(9999, 10000))
+			return 0;
+		ubifs_warn("failing in bud LEB %d commit not running", lnum);
+	}
+
+	d->pc_happened = 1;
+	ubifs_warn("========== Power cut emulated ==========");
+	dump_stack();
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int corrupt_data(const struct ubifs_info *c, const void *buf,
+			unsigned int len)
+{
+	unsigned int from, to, ffs = chance(1, 2);
+	unsigned char *p = (void *)buf;
+
+	from = prandom_u32() % len;
+	/* Corruption span max to end of write unit */
+	to = min(len, ALIGN(from + 1, c->max_write_size));
+
+	ubifs_warn("filled bytes %u-%u with %s", from, to - 1,
+		   ffs ? "0xFFs" : "random data");
+
+	if (ffs)
+		memset(p + from, 0xFF, to - from);
+	else
+		prandom_bytes(p + from, to - from);
+
+	return to;
+}
+
+int dbg_leb_write(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, const void *buf,
+		  int offs, int len)
+{
+	int err, failing;
+
+	if (c->dbg->pc_happened)
+		return -EROFS;
+
+	failing = power_cut_emulated(c, lnum, 1);
+	if (failing) {
+		len = corrupt_data(c, buf, len);
+		ubifs_warn("actually write %d bytes to LEB %d:%d (the buffer was corrupted)",
+			   len, lnum, offs);
+	}
+	err = ubi_leb_write(c->ubi, lnum, buf, offs, len);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+	if (failing)
+		return -EROFS;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int dbg_leb_change(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, const void *buf,
+		   int len)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if (c->dbg->pc_happened)
+		return -EROFS;
+	if (power_cut_emulated(c, lnum, 1))
+		return -EROFS;
+	err = ubi_leb_change(c->ubi, lnum, buf, len);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+	if (power_cut_emulated(c, lnum, 1))
+		return -EROFS;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int dbg_leb_unmap(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if (c->dbg->pc_happened)
+		return -EROFS;
+	if (power_cut_emulated(c, lnum, 0))
+		return -EROFS;
+	err = ubi_leb_unmap(c->ubi, lnum);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+	if (power_cut_emulated(c, lnum, 0))
+		return -EROFS;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int dbg_leb_map(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if (c->dbg->pc_happened)
+		return -EROFS;
+	if (power_cut_emulated(c, lnum, 0))
+		return -EROFS;
+	err = ubi_leb_map(c->ubi, lnum);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+	if (power_cut_emulated(c, lnum, 0))
+		return -EROFS;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Root directory for UBIFS stuff in debugfs. Contains sub-directories which
+ * contain the stuff specific to particular file-system mounts.
+ */
+static struct dentry *dfs_rootdir;
+
+static int dfs_file_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
+{
+	file->private_data = inode->i_private;
+	return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
+}
+
+/**
+ * provide_user_output - provide output to the user reading a debugfs file.
+ * @val: boolean value for the answer
+ * @u: the buffer to store the answer at
+ * @count: size of the buffer
+ * @ppos: position in the @u output buffer
+ *
+ * This is a simple helper function which stores @val boolean value in the user
+ * buffer when the user reads one of UBIFS debugfs files. Returns amount of
+ * bytes written to @u in case of success and a negative error code in case of
+ * failure.
+ */
+static int provide_user_output(int val, char __user *u, size_t count,
+			       loff_t *ppos)
+{
+	char buf[3];
+
+	if (val)
+		buf[0] = '1';
+	else
+		buf[0] = '0';
+	buf[1] = '\n';
+	buf[2] = 0x00;
+
+	return simple_read_from_buffer(u, count, ppos, buf, 2);
+}
+
+static ssize_t dfs_file_read(struct file *file, char __user *u, size_t count,
+			     loff_t *ppos)
+{
+	struct dentry *dent = file->f_path.dentry;
+	struct ubifs_info *c = file->private_data;
+	struct ubifs_debug_info *d = c->dbg;
+	int val;
+
+	if (dent == d->dfs_chk_gen)
+		val = d->chk_gen;
+	else if (dent == d->dfs_chk_index)
+		val = d->chk_index;
+	else if (dent == d->dfs_chk_orph)
+		val = d->chk_orph;
+	else if (dent == d->dfs_chk_lprops)
+		val = d->chk_lprops;
+	else if (dent == d->dfs_chk_fs)
+		val = d->chk_fs;
+	else if (dent == d->dfs_tst_rcvry)
+		val = d->tst_rcvry;
+	else if (dent == d->dfs_ro_error)
+		val = c->ro_error;
+	else
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	return provide_user_output(val, u, count, ppos);
+}
+
+/**
+ * interpret_user_input - interpret user debugfs file input.
+ * @u: user-provided buffer with the input
+ * @count: buffer size
+ *
+ * This is a helper function which interpret user input to a boolean UBIFS
+ * debugfs file. Returns %0 or %1 in case of success and a negative error code
+ * in case of failure.
+ */
+static int interpret_user_input(const char __user *u, size_t count)
+{
+	size_t buf_size;
+	char buf[8];
+
+	buf_size = min_t(size_t, count, (sizeof(buf) - 1));
+	if (copy_from_user(buf, u, buf_size))
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	if (buf[0] == '1')
+		return 1;
+	else if (buf[0] == '0')
+		return 0;
+
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+static ssize_t dfs_file_write(struct file *file, const char __user *u,
+			      size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
+{
+	struct ubifs_info *c = file->private_data;
+	struct ubifs_debug_info *d = c->dbg;
+	struct dentry *dent = file->f_path.dentry;
+	int val;
+
+	/*
+	 * TODO: this is racy - the file-system might have already been
+	 * unmounted and we'd oops in this case. The plan is to fix it with
+	 * help of 'iterate_supers_type()' which we should have in v3.0: when
+	 * a debugfs opened, we rember FS's UUID in file->private_data. Then
+	 * whenever we access the FS via a debugfs file, we iterate all UBIFS
+	 * superblocks and fine the one with the same UUID, and take the
+	 * locking right.
+	 *
+	 * The other way to go suggested by Al Viro is to create a separate
+	 * 'ubifs-debug' file-system instead.
+	 */
+	if (file->f_path.dentry == d->dfs_dump_lprops) {
+		ubifs_dump_lprops(c);
+		return count;
+	}
+	if (file->f_path.dentry == d->dfs_dump_budg) {
+		ubifs_dump_budg(c, &c->bi);
+		return count;
+	}
+	if (file->f_path.dentry == d->dfs_dump_tnc) {
+		mutex_lock(&c->tnc_mutex);
+		ubifs_dump_tnc(c);
+		mutex_unlock(&c->tnc_mutex);
+		return count;
+	}
+
+	val = interpret_user_input(u, count);
+	if (val < 0)
+		return val;
+
+	if (dent == d->dfs_chk_gen)
+		d->chk_gen = val;
+	else if (dent == d->dfs_chk_index)
+		d->chk_index = val;
+	else if (dent == d->dfs_chk_orph)
+		d->chk_orph = val;
+	else if (dent == d->dfs_chk_lprops)
+		d->chk_lprops = val;
+	else if (dent == d->dfs_chk_fs)
+		d->chk_fs = val;
+	else if (dent == d->dfs_tst_rcvry)
+		d->tst_rcvry = val;
+	else if (dent == d->dfs_ro_error)
+		c->ro_error = !!val;
+	else
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	return count;
+}
+
+static const struct file_operations dfs_fops = {
+	.open = dfs_file_open,
+	.read = dfs_file_read,
+	.write = dfs_file_write,
+	.owner = THIS_MODULE,
+	.llseek = no_llseek,
+};
+
+/**
+ * dbg_debugfs_init_fs - initialize debugfs for UBIFS instance.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function creates all debugfs files for this instance of UBIFS. Returns
+ * zero in case of success and a negative error code in case of failure.
+ *
+ * Note, the only reason we have not merged this function with the
+ * 'ubifs_debugging_init()' function is because it is better to initialize
+ * debugfs interfaces at the very end of the mount process, and remove them at
+ * the very beginning of the mount process.
+ */
+int dbg_debugfs_init_fs(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int err, n;
+	const char *fname;
+	struct dentry *dent;
+	struct ubifs_debug_info *d = c->dbg;
+
+	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS))
+		return 0;
+
+	n = snprintf(d->dfs_dir_name, UBIFS_DFS_DIR_LEN + 1, UBIFS_DFS_DIR_NAME,
+		     c->vi.ubi_num, c->vi.vol_id);
+	if (n == UBIFS_DFS_DIR_LEN) {
+		/* The array size is too small */
+		fname = UBIFS_DFS_DIR_NAME;
+		dent = ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	fname = d->dfs_dir_name;
+	dent = debugfs_create_dir(fname, dfs_rootdir);
+	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(dent))
+		goto out;
+	d->dfs_dir = dent;
+
+	fname = "dump_lprops";
+	dent = debugfs_create_file(fname, S_IWUSR, d->dfs_dir, c, &dfs_fops);
+	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(dent))
+		goto out_remove;
+	d->dfs_dump_lprops = dent;
+
+	fname = "dump_budg";
+	dent = debugfs_create_file(fname, S_IWUSR, d->dfs_dir, c, &dfs_fops);
+	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(dent))
+		goto out_remove;
+	d->dfs_dump_budg = dent;
+
+	fname = "dump_tnc";
+	dent = debugfs_create_file(fname, S_IWUSR, d->dfs_dir, c, &dfs_fops);
+	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(dent))
+		goto out_remove;
+	d->dfs_dump_tnc = dent;
+
+	fname = "chk_general";
+	dent = debugfs_create_file(fname, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, d->dfs_dir, c,
+				   &dfs_fops);
+	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(dent))
+		goto out_remove;
+	d->dfs_chk_gen = dent;
+
+	fname = "chk_index";
+	dent = debugfs_create_file(fname, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, d->dfs_dir, c,
+				   &dfs_fops);
+	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(dent))
+		goto out_remove;
+	d->dfs_chk_index = dent;
+
+	fname = "chk_orphans";
+	dent = debugfs_create_file(fname, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, d->dfs_dir, c,
+				   &dfs_fops);
+	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(dent))
+		goto out_remove;
+	d->dfs_chk_orph = dent;
+
+	fname = "chk_lprops";
+	dent = debugfs_create_file(fname, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, d->dfs_dir, c,
+				   &dfs_fops);
+	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(dent))
+		goto out_remove;
+	d->dfs_chk_lprops = dent;
+
+	fname = "chk_fs";
+	dent = debugfs_create_file(fname, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, d->dfs_dir, c,
+				   &dfs_fops);
+	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(dent))
+		goto out_remove;
+	d->dfs_chk_fs = dent;
+
+	fname = "tst_recovery";
+	dent = debugfs_create_file(fname, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, d->dfs_dir, c,
+				   &dfs_fops);
+	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(dent))
+		goto out_remove;
+	d->dfs_tst_rcvry = dent;
+
+	fname = "ro_error";
+	dent = debugfs_create_file(fname, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, d->dfs_dir, c,
+				   &dfs_fops);
+	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(dent))
+		goto out_remove;
+	d->dfs_ro_error = dent;
+
+	return 0;
+
+out_remove:
+	debugfs_remove_recursive(d->dfs_dir);
 out:
-	kfree(c->dbg);
-	return -ENOMEM;
+	err = dent ? PTR_ERR(dent) : -ENODEV;
+	ubifs_err("cannot create \"%s\" debugfs file or directory, error %d\n",
+		  fname, err);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_debugfs_exit_fs - remove all debugfs files.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ */
+void dbg_debugfs_exit_fs(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS))
+		debugfs_remove_recursive(c->dbg->dfs_dir);
+}
+
+struct ubifs_global_debug_info ubifs_dbg;
+
+static struct dentry *dfs_chk_gen;
+static struct dentry *dfs_chk_index;
+static struct dentry *dfs_chk_orph;
+static struct dentry *dfs_chk_lprops;
+static struct dentry *dfs_chk_fs;
+static struct dentry *dfs_tst_rcvry;
+
+static ssize_t dfs_global_file_read(struct file *file, char __user *u,
+				    size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
+{
+	struct dentry *dent = file->f_path.dentry;
+	int val;
+
+	if (dent == dfs_chk_gen)
+		val = ubifs_dbg.chk_gen;
+	else if (dent == dfs_chk_index)
+		val = ubifs_dbg.chk_index;
+	else if (dent == dfs_chk_orph)
+		val = ubifs_dbg.chk_orph;
+	else if (dent == dfs_chk_lprops)
+		val = ubifs_dbg.chk_lprops;
+	else if (dent == dfs_chk_fs)
+		val = ubifs_dbg.chk_fs;
+	else if (dent == dfs_tst_rcvry)
+		val = ubifs_dbg.tst_rcvry;
+	else
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	return provide_user_output(val, u, count, ppos);
+}
+
+static ssize_t dfs_global_file_write(struct file *file, const char __user *u,
+				     size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
+{
+	struct dentry *dent = file->f_path.dentry;
+	int val;
+
+	val = interpret_user_input(u, count);
+	if (val < 0)
+		return val;
+
+	if (dent == dfs_chk_gen)
+		ubifs_dbg.chk_gen = val;
+	else if (dent == dfs_chk_index)
+		ubifs_dbg.chk_index = val;
+	else if (dent == dfs_chk_orph)
+		ubifs_dbg.chk_orph = val;
+	else if (dent == dfs_chk_lprops)
+		ubifs_dbg.chk_lprops = val;
+	else if (dent == dfs_chk_fs)
+		ubifs_dbg.chk_fs = val;
+	else if (dent == dfs_tst_rcvry)
+		ubifs_dbg.tst_rcvry = val;
+	else
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	return count;
+}
+
+static const struct file_operations dfs_global_fops = {
+	.read = dfs_global_file_read,
+	.write = dfs_global_file_write,
+	.owner = THIS_MODULE,
+	.llseek = no_llseek,
+};
+
+/**
+ * dbg_debugfs_init - initialize debugfs file-system.
+ *
+ * UBIFS uses debugfs file-system to expose various debugging knobs to
+ * user-space. This function creates "ubifs" directory in the debugfs
+ * file-system. Returns zero in case of success and a negative error code in
+ * case of failure.
+ */
+int dbg_debugfs_init(void)
+{
+	int err;
+	const char *fname;
+	struct dentry *dent;
+
+	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS))
+		return 0;
+
+	fname = "ubifs";
+	dent = debugfs_create_dir(fname, NULL);
+	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(dent))
+		goto out;
+	dfs_rootdir = dent;
+
+	fname = "chk_general";
+	dent = debugfs_create_file(fname, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, dfs_rootdir, NULL,
+				   &dfs_global_fops);
+	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(dent))
+		goto out_remove;
+	dfs_chk_gen = dent;
+
+	fname = "chk_index";
+	dent = debugfs_create_file(fname, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, dfs_rootdir, NULL,
+				   &dfs_global_fops);
+	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(dent))
+		goto out_remove;
+	dfs_chk_index = dent;
+
+	fname = "chk_orphans";
+	dent = debugfs_create_file(fname, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, dfs_rootdir, NULL,
+				   &dfs_global_fops);
+	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(dent))
+		goto out_remove;
+	dfs_chk_orph = dent;
+
+	fname = "chk_lprops";
+	dent = debugfs_create_file(fname, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, dfs_rootdir, NULL,
+				   &dfs_global_fops);
+	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(dent))
+		goto out_remove;
+	dfs_chk_lprops = dent;
+
+	fname = "chk_fs";
+	dent = debugfs_create_file(fname, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, dfs_rootdir, NULL,
+				   &dfs_global_fops);
+	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(dent))
+		goto out_remove;
+	dfs_chk_fs = dent;
+
+	fname = "tst_recovery";
+	dent = debugfs_create_file(fname, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, dfs_rootdir, NULL,
+				   &dfs_global_fops);
+	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(dent))
+		goto out_remove;
+	dfs_tst_rcvry = dent;
+
+	return 0;
+
+out_remove:
+	debugfs_remove_recursive(dfs_rootdir);
+out:
+	err = dent ? PTR_ERR(dent) : -ENODEV;
+	ubifs_err("cannot create \"%s\" debugfs file or directory, error %d\n",
+		  fname, err);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_debugfs_exit - remove the "ubifs" directory from debugfs file-system.
+ */
+void dbg_debugfs_exit(void)
+{
+	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS))
+		debugfs_remove_recursive(dfs_rootdir);
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_debugging_init - initialize UBIFS debugging.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function initializes debugging-related data for the file system.
+ * Returns zero in case of success and a negative error code in case of
+ * failure.
+ */
+int ubifs_debugging_init(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	c->dbg = kzalloc(sizeof(struct ubifs_debug_info), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!c->dbg)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -149,8 +3138,6 @@ out:
  */
 void ubifs_debugging_exit(struct ubifs_info *c)
 {
-	vfree(c->dbg->buf);
 	kfree(c->dbg);
 }
-
-#endif /* CONFIG_UBIFS_FS_DEBUG */
+#endif
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/debug.h b/fs/ubifs/debug.h
index 62617b6927..6d325af8bc 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/debug.h
+++ b/fs/ubifs/debug.h
@@ -3,18 +3,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Nokia Corporation.
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
- * more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
- * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
- * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
  *
  * Authors: Artem Bityutskiy (Битюцкий Артём)
  *          Adrian Hunter
@@ -23,19 +12,32 @@
 #ifndef __UBIFS_DEBUG_H__
 #define __UBIFS_DEBUG_H__
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_UBIFS_FS_DEBUG
+#define __UBOOT__
+/* Checking helper functions */
+typedef int (*dbg_leaf_callback)(struct ubifs_info *c,
+				 struct ubifs_zbranch *zbr, void *priv);
+typedef int (*dbg_znode_callback)(struct ubifs_info *c,
+				  struct ubifs_znode *znode, void *priv);
+
+/*
+ * The UBIFS debugfs directory name pattern and maximum name length (3 for "ubi"
+ * + 1 for "_" and plus 2x2 for 2 UBI numbers and 1 for the trailing zero byte.
+ */
+#define UBIFS_DFS_DIR_NAME "ubi%d_%d"
+#define UBIFS_DFS_DIR_LEN  (3 + 1 + 2*2 + 1)
 
 /**
  * ubifs_debug_info - per-FS debugging information.
- * @buf: a buffer of LEB size, used for various purposes
  * @old_zroot: old index root - used by 'dbg_check_old_index()'
  * @old_zroot_level: old index root level - used by 'dbg_check_old_index()'
  * @old_zroot_sqnum: old index root sqnum - used by 'dbg_check_old_index()'
- * @failure_mode: failure mode for recovery testing
- * @fail_delay: 0=>don't delay, 1=>delay a time, 2=>delay a number of calls
- * @fail_timeout: time in jiffies when delay of failure mode expires
- * @fail_cnt: current number of calls to failure mode I/O functions
- * @fail_cnt_max: number of calls by which to delay failure mode
+ *
+ * @pc_happened: non-zero if an emulated power cut happened
+ * @pc_delay: 0=>don't delay, 1=>delay a time, 2=>delay a number of calls
+ * @pc_timeout: time in jiffies when delay of failure mode expires
+ * @pc_cnt: current number of calls to failure mode I/O functions
+ * @pc_cnt_max: number of calls by which to delay failure mode
+ *
  * @chk_lpt_sz: used by LPT tree size checker
  * @chk_lpt_sz2: used by LPT tree size checker
  * @chk_lpt_wastage: used by LPT tree size checker
@@ -45,24 +47,44 @@
  * @new_ihead_offs: used by debugging to check @c->ihead_offs
  *
  * @saved_lst: saved lprops statistics (used by 'dbg_save_space_info()')
- * @saved_free: saved free space (used by 'dbg_save_space_info()')
+ * @saved_bi: saved budgeting information
+ * @saved_free: saved amount of free space
+ * @saved_idx_gc_cnt: saved value of @c->idx_gc_cnt
+ *
+ * @chk_gen: if general extra checks are enabled
+ * @chk_index: if index xtra checks are enabled
+ * @chk_orph: if orphans extra checks are enabled
+ * @chk_lprops: if lprops extra checks are enabled
+ * @chk_fs: if UBIFS contents extra checks are enabled
+ * @tst_rcvry: if UBIFS recovery testing mode enabled
  *
- * dfs_dir_name: name of debugfs directory containing this file-system's files
- * dfs_dir: direntry object of the file-system debugfs directory
- * dfs_dump_lprops: "dump lprops" debugfs knob
- * dfs_dump_budg: "dump budgeting information" debugfs knob
- * dfs_dump_tnc: "dump TNC" debugfs knob
+ * @dfs_dir_name: name of debugfs directory containing this file-system's files
+ * @dfs_dir: direntry object of the file-system debugfs directory
+ * @dfs_dump_lprops: "dump lprops" debugfs knob
+ * @dfs_dump_budg: "dump budgeting information" debugfs knob
+ * @dfs_dump_tnc: "dump TNC" debugfs knob
+ * @dfs_chk_gen: debugfs knob to enable UBIFS general extra checks
+ * @dfs_chk_index: debugfs knob to enable UBIFS index extra checks
+ * @dfs_chk_orph: debugfs knob to enable UBIFS orphans extra checks
+ * @dfs_chk_lprops: debugfs knob to enable UBIFS LEP properties extra checks
+ * @dfs_chk_fs: debugfs knob to enable UBIFS contents extra checks
+ * @dfs_tst_rcvry: debugfs knob to enable UBIFS recovery testing
+ * @dfs_ro_error: debugfs knob to switch UBIFS to R/O mode (different to
+ *                re-mounting to R/O mode because it does not flush any buffers
+ *                and UBIFS just starts returning -EROFS on all write
+ *               operations)
  */
 struct ubifs_debug_info {
-	void *buf;
 	struct ubifs_zbranch old_zroot;
 	int old_zroot_level;
 	unsigned long long old_zroot_sqnum;
-	int failure_mode;
-	int fail_delay;
-	unsigned long fail_timeout;
-	unsigned int fail_cnt;
-	unsigned int fail_cnt_max;
+
+	int pc_happened;
+	int pc_delay;
+	unsigned long pc_timeout;
+	unsigned int pc_cnt;
+	unsigned int pc_cnt_max;
+
 	long long chk_lpt_sz;
 	long long chk_lpt_sz2;
 	long long chk_lpt_wastage;
@@ -72,321 +94,285 @@ struct ubifs_debug_info {
 	int new_ihead_offs;
 
 	struct ubifs_lp_stats saved_lst;
+	struct ubifs_budg_info saved_bi;
 	long long saved_free;
+	int saved_idx_gc_cnt;
+
+	unsigned int chk_gen:1;
+	unsigned int chk_index:1;
+	unsigned int chk_orph:1;
+	unsigned int chk_lprops:1;
+	unsigned int chk_fs:1;
+	unsigned int tst_rcvry:1;
 
-	char dfs_dir_name[100];
+	char dfs_dir_name[UBIFS_DFS_DIR_LEN + 1];
 	struct dentry *dfs_dir;
 	struct dentry *dfs_dump_lprops;
 	struct dentry *dfs_dump_budg;
 	struct dentry *dfs_dump_tnc;
+	struct dentry *dfs_chk_gen;
+	struct dentry *dfs_chk_index;
+	struct dentry *dfs_chk_orph;
+	struct dentry *dfs_chk_lprops;
+	struct dentry *dfs_chk_fs;
+	struct dentry *dfs_tst_rcvry;
+	struct dentry *dfs_ro_error;
 };
 
-#define UBIFS_DBG(op) op
+/**
+ * ubifs_global_debug_info - global (not per-FS) UBIFS debugging information.
+ *
+ * @chk_gen: if general extra checks are enabled
+ * @chk_index: if index xtra checks are enabled
+ * @chk_orph: if orphans extra checks are enabled
+ * @chk_lprops: if lprops extra checks are enabled
+ * @chk_fs: if UBIFS contents extra checks are enabled
+ * @tst_rcvry: if UBIFS recovery testing mode enabled
+ */
+struct ubifs_global_debug_info {
+	unsigned int chk_gen:1;
+	unsigned int chk_index:1;
+	unsigned int chk_orph:1;
+	unsigned int chk_lprops:1;
+	unsigned int chk_fs:1;
+	unsigned int tst_rcvry:1;
+};
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
 #define ubifs_assert(expr) do {                                                \
 	if (unlikely(!(expr))) {                                               \
-		printk(KERN_CRIT "UBIFS assert failed in %s at %u (pid %d)\n", \
-		       __func__, __LINE__, 0);                      \
-		dbg_dump_stack();                                              \
+		pr_crit("UBIFS assert failed in %s at %u (pid %d)\n",          \
+		       __func__, __LINE__, current->pid);                      \
+		dump_stack();                                                  \
 	}                                                                      \
 } while (0)
 
 #define ubifs_assert_cmt_locked(c) do {                                        \
 	if (unlikely(down_write_trylock(&(c)->commit_sem))) {                  \
 		up_write(&(c)->commit_sem);                                    \
-		printk(KERN_CRIT "commit lock is not locked!\n");              \
+		pr_crit("commit lock is not locked!\n");                       \
 		ubifs_assert(0);                                               \
 	}                                                                      \
 } while (0)
 
-#define dbg_dump_stack() do {                                                  \
-	if (!dbg_failure_mode)                                                 \
+#define ubifs_dbg_msg(type, fmt, ...) \
+	pr_debug("UBIFS DBG " type " (pid %d): " fmt "\n", current->pid,       \
+		 ##__VA_ARGS__)
+
+#define DBG_KEY_BUF_LEN 48
+#define ubifs_dbg_msg_key(type, key, fmt, ...) do {                            \
+	char __tmp_key_buf[DBG_KEY_BUF_LEN];                                   \
+	pr_debug("UBIFS DBG " type " (pid %d): " fmt "%s\n", current->pid,     \
+		 ##__VA_ARGS__,                                                \
+		 dbg_snprintf_key(c, key, __tmp_key_buf, DBG_KEY_BUF_LEN));    \
+} while (0)
+#else
+#define ubifs_assert(expr) do {                                                \
+	if (unlikely(!(expr))) {                                               \
+		pr_crit("UBIFS assert failed in %s at %u\n",                   \
+		       __func__, __LINE__);                                    \
 		dump_stack();                                                  \
+	}                                                                      \
 } while (0)
 
-/* Generic debugging messages */
-#define dbg_msg(fmt, ...) do {                                                 \
-	spin_lock(&dbg_lock);                                                  \
-	printk(KERN_DEBUG "UBIFS DBG (pid %d): %s: " fmt "\n", 0,   \
-	       __func__, ##__VA_ARGS__);                                       \
-	spin_unlock(&dbg_lock);                                                \
+#define ubifs_assert_cmt_locked(c) do {                                        \
+	if (unlikely(down_write_trylock(&(c)->commit_sem))) {                  \
+		up_write(&(c)->commit_sem);                                    \
+		pr_crit("commit lock is not locked!\n");                       \
+		ubifs_assert(0);                                               \
+	}                                                                      \
 } while (0)
 
-#define dbg_do_msg(typ, fmt, ...) do {                                         \
-	if (ubifs_msg_flags & typ)                                             \
-		dbg_msg(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__);                                   \
+#define ubifs_dbg_msg(type, fmt, ...) \
+	pr_debug("UBIFS DBG " type ": " fmt "\n",                              \
+		 ##__VA_ARGS__)
+
+#define DBG_KEY_BUF_LEN 48
+#if defined CONFIG_MTD_DEBUG
+#define ubifs_dbg_msg_key(type, key, fmt, ...) do {                            \
+	char __tmp_key_buf[DBG_KEY_BUF_LEN];                                   \
+	pr_debug("UBIFS DBG " type ": " fmt "%s\n",                            \
+		 ##__VA_ARGS__,                                                \
+		 dbg_snprintf_key(c, key, __tmp_key_buf, DBG_KEY_BUF_LEN));    \
 } while (0)
-
-#define dbg_err(fmt, ...) do {                                                 \
-	spin_lock(&dbg_lock);                                                  \
-	ubifs_err(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__);                                         \
-	spin_unlock(&dbg_lock);                                                \
+#else
+#define ubifs_dbg_msg_key(type, key, fmt, ...) do {                            \
+	pr_debug("UBIFS DBG\n");                                               \
 } while (0)
 
-const char *dbg_key_str0(const struct ubifs_info *c,
-			 const union ubifs_key *key);
-const char *dbg_key_str1(const struct ubifs_info *c,
-			 const union ubifs_key *key);
+#endif
 
-/*
- * DBGKEY macros require @dbg_lock to be held, which it is in the dbg message
- * macros.
- */
-#define DBGKEY(key)	dbg_key_str0(c, (key))
-#define DBGKEY1(key)	dbg_key_str1(c, (key))
+#endif
 
 /* General messages */
-#define dbg_gen(fmt, ...)   dbg_do_msg(UBIFS_MSG_GEN, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-
+#define dbg_gen(fmt, ...)   ubifs_dbg_msg("gen", fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
 /* Additional journal messages */
-#define dbg_jnl(fmt, ...)   dbg_do_msg(UBIFS_MSG_JNL, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-
+#define dbg_jnl(fmt, ...)   ubifs_dbg_msg("jnl", fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+#define dbg_jnlk(key, fmt, ...) \
+	ubifs_dbg_msg_key("jnl", key, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
 /* Additional TNC messages */
-#define dbg_tnc(fmt, ...)   dbg_do_msg(UBIFS_MSG_TNC, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-
+#define dbg_tnc(fmt, ...)   ubifs_dbg_msg("tnc", fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+#define dbg_tnck(key, fmt, ...) \
+	ubifs_dbg_msg_key("tnc", key, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
 /* Additional lprops messages */
-#define dbg_lp(fmt, ...)    dbg_do_msg(UBIFS_MSG_LP, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-
+#define dbg_lp(fmt, ...)    ubifs_dbg_msg("lp", fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
 /* Additional LEB find messages */
-#define dbg_find(fmt, ...)  dbg_do_msg(UBIFS_MSG_FIND, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-
+#define dbg_find(fmt, ...)  ubifs_dbg_msg("find", fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
 /* Additional mount messages */
-#define dbg_mnt(fmt, ...)   dbg_do_msg(UBIFS_MSG_MNT, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-
+#define dbg_mnt(fmt, ...)   ubifs_dbg_msg("mnt", fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+#define dbg_mntk(key, fmt, ...) \
+	ubifs_dbg_msg_key("mnt", key, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
 /* Additional I/O messages */
-#define dbg_io(fmt, ...)    dbg_do_msg(UBIFS_MSG_IO, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-
+#define dbg_io(fmt, ...)    ubifs_dbg_msg("io", fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
 /* Additional commit messages */
-#define dbg_cmt(fmt, ...)   dbg_do_msg(UBIFS_MSG_CMT, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-
+#define dbg_cmt(fmt, ...)   ubifs_dbg_msg("cmt", fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
 /* Additional budgeting messages */
-#define dbg_budg(fmt, ...)  dbg_do_msg(UBIFS_MSG_BUDG, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-
+#define dbg_budg(fmt, ...)  ubifs_dbg_msg("budg", fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
 /* Additional log messages */
-#define dbg_log(fmt, ...)   dbg_do_msg(UBIFS_MSG_LOG, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-
+#define dbg_log(fmt, ...)   ubifs_dbg_msg("log", fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
 /* Additional gc messages */
-#define dbg_gc(fmt, ...)    dbg_do_msg(UBIFS_MSG_GC, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-
+#define dbg_gc(fmt, ...)    ubifs_dbg_msg("gc", fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
 /* Additional scan messages */
-#define dbg_scan(fmt, ...)  dbg_do_msg(UBIFS_MSG_SCAN, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-
+#define dbg_scan(fmt, ...)  ubifs_dbg_msg("scan", fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
 /* Additional recovery messages */
-#define dbg_rcvry(fmt, ...) dbg_do_msg(UBIFS_MSG_RCVRY, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+#define dbg_rcvry(fmt, ...) ubifs_dbg_msg("rcvry", fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+extern struct ubifs_global_debug_info ubifs_dbg;
+
+static inline int dbg_is_chk_gen(const struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	return !!(ubifs_dbg.chk_gen || c->dbg->chk_gen);
+}
+static inline int dbg_is_chk_index(const struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	return !!(ubifs_dbg.chk_index || c->dbg->chk_index);
+}
+static inline int dbg_is_chk_orph(const struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	return !!(ubifs_dbg.chk_orph || c->dbg->chk_orph);
+}
+static inline int dbg_is_chk_lprops(const struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	return !!(ubifs_dbg.chk_lprops || c->dbg->chk_lprops);
+}
+static inline int dbg_is_chk_fs(const struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	return !!(ubifs_dbg.chk_fs || c->dbg->chk_fs);
+}
+static inline int dbg_is_tst_rcvry(const struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	return !!(ubifs_dbg.tst_rcvry || c->dbg->tst_rcvry);
+}
+static inline int dbg_is_power_cut(const struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	return !!c->dbg->pc_happened;
+}
 
-/*
- * Debugging message type flags (must match msg_type_names in debug.c).
- *
- * UBIFS_MSG_GEN: general messages
- * UBIFS_MSG_JNL: journal messages
- * UBIFS_MSG_MNT: mount messages
- * UBIFS_MSG_CMT: commit messages
- * UBIFS_MSG_FIND: LEB find messages
- * UBIFS_MSG_BUDG: budgeting messages
- * UBIFS_MSG_GC: garbage collection messages
- * UBIFS_MSG_TNC: TNC messages
- * UBIFS_MSG_LP: lprops messages
- * UBIFS_MSG_IO: I/O messages
- * UBIFS_MSG_LOG: log messages
- * UBIFS_MSG_SCAN: scan messages
- * UBIFS_MSG_RCVRY: recovery messages
- */
-enum {
-	UBIFS_MSG_GEN   = 0x1,
-	UBIFS_MSG_JNL   = 0x2,
-	UBIFS_MSG_MNT   = 0x4,
-	UBIFS_MSG_CMT   = 0x8,
-	UBIFS_MSG_FIND  = 0x10,
-	UBIFS_MSG_BUDG  = 0x20,
-	UBIFS_MSG_GC    = 0x40,
-	UBIFS_MSG_TNC   = 0x80,
-	UBIFS_MSG_LP    = 0x100,
-	UBIFS_MSG_IO    = 0x200,
-	UBIFS_MSG_LOG   = 0x400,
-	UBIFS_MSG_SCAN  = 0x800,
-	UBIFS_MSG_RCVRY = 0x1000,
-};
-
-/* Debugging message type flags for each default debug message level */
-#define UBIFS_MSG_LVL_0 0
-#define UBIFS_MSG_LVL_1 0x1
-#define UBIFS_MSG_LVL_2 0x7f
-#define UBIFS_MSG_LVL_3 0xffff
-
-/*
- * Debugging check flags (must match chk_names in debug.c).
- *
- * UBIFS_CHK_GEN: general checks
- * UBIFS_CHK_TNC: check TNC
- * UBIFS_CHK_IDX_SZ: check index size
- * UBIFS_CHK_ORPH: check orphans
- * UBIFS_CHK_OLD_IDX: check the old index
- * UBIFS_CHK_LPROPS: check lprops
- * UBIFS_CHK_FS: check the file-system
- */
-enum {
-	UBIFS_CHK_GEN     = 0x1,
-	UBIFS_CHK_TNC     = 0x2,
-	UBIFS_CHK_IDX_SZ  = 0x4,
-	UBIFS_CHK_ORPH    = 0x8,
-	UBIFS_CHK_OLD_IDX = 0x10,
-	UBIFS_CHK_LPROPS  = 0x20,
-	UBIFS_CHK_FS      = 0x40,
-};
-
-/*
- * Special testing flags (must match tst_names in debug.c).
- *
- * UBIFS_TST_FORCE_IN_THE_GAPS: force the use of in-the-gaps method
- * UBIFS_TST_RCVRY: failure mode for recovery testing
- */
-enum {
-	UBIFS_TST_FORCE_IN_THE_GAPS = 0x2,
-	UBIFS_TST_RCVRY             = 0x4,
-};
-
-#if CONFIG_UBIFS_FS_DEBUG_MSG_LVL == 1
-#define UBIFS_MSG_FLAGS_DEFAULT UBIFS_MSG_LVL_1
-#elif CONFIG_UBIFS_FS_DEBUG_MSG_LVL == 2
-#define UBIFS_MSG_FLAGS_DEFAULT UBIFS_MSG_LVL_2
-#elif CONFIG_UBIFS_FS_DEBUG_MSG_LVL == 3
-#define UBIFS_MSG_FLAGS_DEFAULT UBIFS_MSG_LVL_3
-#else
-#define UBIFS_MSG_FLAGS_DEFAULT UBIFS_MSG_LVL_0
-#endif
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_UBIFS_FS_DEBUG_CHKS
-#define UBIFS_CHK_FLAGS_DEFAULT 0xffffffff
+int ubifs_debugging_init(struct ubifs_info *c);
+void ubifs_debugging_exit(struct ubifs_info *c);
 #else
-#define UBIFS_CHK_FLAGS_DEFAULT 0
-#endif
-
-#define dbg_ntype(type)                       ""
-#define dbg_cstate(cmt_state)                 ""
-#define dbg_get_key_dump(c, key)              ({})
-#define dbg_dump_inode(c, inode)              ({})
-#define dbg_dump_node(c, node)                ({})
-#define dbg_dump_budget_req(req)              ({})
-#define dbg_dump_lstats(lst)                  ({})
-#define dbg_dump_budg(c)                      ({})
-#define dbg_dump_lprop(c, lp)                 ({})
-#define dbg_dump_lprops(c)                    ({})
-#define dbg_dump_lpt_info(c)                  ({})
-#define dbg_dump_leb(c, lnum)                 ({})
-#define dbg_dump_znode(c, znode)              ({})
-#define dbg_dump_heap(c, heap, cat)           ({})
-#define dbg_dump_pnode(c, pnode, parent, iip) ({})
-#define dbg_dump_tnc(c)                       ({})
-#define dbg_dump_index(c)                     ({})
-
-#define dbg_walk_index(c, leaf_cb, znode_cb, priv) 0
-#define dbg_old_index_check_init(c, zroot)         0
-#define dbg_check_old_index(c, zroot)              0
-#define dbg_check_cats(c)                          0
-#define dbg_check_ltab(c)                          0
-#define dbg_chk_lpt_free_spc(c)                    0
-#define dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, action, len)             0
-#define dbg_check_synced_i_size(inode)             0
-#define dbg_check_dir_size(c, dir)                 0
-#define dbg_check_tnc(c, x)                        0
-#define dbg_check_idx_size(c, idx_size)            0
-#define dbg_check_filesystem(c)                    0
-#define dbg_check_heap(c, heap, cat, add_pos)      ({})
-#define dbg_check_lprops(c)                        0
-#define dbg_check_lpt_nodes(c, cnode, row, col)    0
-#define dbg_force_in_the_gaps_enabled              0
-#define dbg_force_in_the_gaps()                    0
-#define dbg_failure_mode                           0
-#define dbg_failure_mode_registration(c)           ({})
-#define dbg_failure_mode_deregistration(c)         ({})
+static inline int dbg_is_chk_gen(const struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+static inline int dbg_is_chk_index(const struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+static inline int dbg_is_chk_orph(const struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+static inline int dbg_is_chk_lprops(const struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+static inline int dbg_is_chk_fs(const struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+static inline int dbg_is_tst_rcvry(const struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+static inline int dbg_is_power_cut(const struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
 
 int ubifs_debugging_init(struct ubifs_info *c);
 void ubifs_debugging_exit(struct ubifs_info *c);
 
-#else /* !CONFIG_UBIFS_FS_DEBUG */
-
-#define UBIFS_DBG(op)
-
-/* Use "if (0)" to make compiler check arguments even if debugging is off */
-#define ubifs_assert(expr)  do {                                               \
-	if (0 && (expr))                                                       \
-		printk(KERN_CRIT "UBIFS assert failed in %s at %u (pid %d)\n", \
-		       __func__, __LINE__, 0);                      \
-} while (0)
-
-#define dbg_err(fmt, ...)   do {                                               \
-	if (0)                                                                 \
-		ubifs_err(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__);                                 \
-} while (0)
-
-#define dbg_msg(fmt, ...) do {                                                 \
-	if (0)                                                                 \
-		printk(KERN_DEBUG "UBIFS DBG (pid %d): %s: " fmt "\n",         \
-		       0, __func__, ##__VA_ARGS__);                 \
-} while (0)
-
-#define dbg_dump_stack()
-#define ubifs_assert_cmt_locked(c)
-
-#define dbg_gen(fmt, ...)   dbg_msg(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-#define dbg_jnl(fmt, ...)   dbg_msg(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-#define dbg_tnc(fmt, ...)   dbg_msg(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-#define dbg_lp(fmt, ...)    dbg_msg(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-#define dbg_find(fmt, ...)  dbg_msg(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-#define dbg_mnt(fmt, ...)   dbg_msg(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-#define dbg_io(fmt, ...)    dbg_msg(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-#define dbg_cmt(fmt, ...)   dbg_msg(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-#define dbg_budg(fmt, ...)  dbg_msg(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-#define dbg_log(fmt, ...)   dbg_msg(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-#define dbg_gc(fmt, ...)    dbg_msg(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-#define dbg_scan(fmt, ...)  dbg_msg(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-#define dbg_rcvry(fmt, ...) dbg_msg(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
-
-#define DBGKEY(key)  ((char *)(key))
-#define DBGKEY1(key) ((char *)(key))
-
-#define ubifs_debugging_init(c)                0
-#define ubifs_debugging_exit(c)                ({})
-
-#define dbg_ntype(type)                       ""
-#define dbg_cstate(cmt_state)                 ""
-#define dbg_get_key_dump(c, key)              ({})
-#define dbg_dump_inode(c, inode)              ({})
-#define dbg_dump_node(c, node)                ({})
-#define dbg_dump_budget_req(req)              ({})
-#define dbg_dump_lstats(lst)                  ({})
-#define dbg_dump_budg(c)                      ({})
-#define dbg_dump_lprop(c, lp)                 ({})
-#define dbg_dump_lprops(c)                    ({})
-#define dbg_dump_lpt_info(c)                  ({})
-#define dbg_dump_leb(c, lnum)                 ({})
-#define dbg_dump_znode(c, znode)              ({})
-#define dbg_dump_heap(c, heap, cat)           ({})
-#define dbg_dump_pnode(c, pnode, parent, iip) ({})
-#define dbg_dump_tnc(c)                       ({})
-#define dbg_dump_index(c)                     ({})
-
-#define dbg_walk_index(c, leaf_cb, znode_cb, priv) 0
-#define dbg_old_index_check_init(c, zroot)         0
-#define dbg_check_old_index(c, zroot)              0
-#define dbg_check_cats(c)                          0
-#define dbg_check_ltab(c)                          0
-#define dbg_chk_lpt_free_spc(c)                    0
-#define dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, action, len)             0
-#define dbg_check_synced_i_size(inode)             0
-#define dbg_check_dir_size(c, dir)                 0
-#define dbg_check_tnc(c, x)                        0
-#define dbg_check_idx_size(c, idx_size)            0
-#define dbg_check_filesystem(c)                    0
-#define dbg_check_heap(c, heap, cat, add_pos)      ({})
-#define dbg_check_lprops(c)                        0
-#define dbg_check_lpt_nodes(c, cnode, row, col)    0
-#define dbg_force_in_the_gaps_enabled              0
-#define dbg_force_in_the_gaps()                    0
-#define dbg_failure_mode                           0
-#define dbg_failure_mode_registration(c)           ({})
-#define dbg_failure_mode_deregistration(c)         ({})
+#endif
 
-#endif /* !CONFIG_UBIFS_FS_DEBUG */
+/* Dump functions */
+const char *dbg_ntype(int type);
+const char *dbg_cstate(int cmt_state);
+const char *dbg_jhead(int jhead);
+const char *dbg_get_key_dump(const struct ubifs_info *c,
+			     const union ubifs_key *key);
+const char *dbg_snprintf_key(const struct ubifs_info *c,
+			     const union ubifs_key *key, char *buffer, int len);
+void ubifs_dump_inode(struct ubifs_info *c, const struct inode *inode);
+void ubifs_dump_node(const struct ubifs_info *c, const void *node);
+void ubifs_dump_budget_req(const struct ubifs_budget_req *req);
+void ubifs_dump_lstats(const struct ubifs_lp_stats *lst);
+void ubifs_dump_budg(struct ubifs_info *c, const struct ubifs_budg_info *bi);
+void ubifs_dump_lprop(const struct ubifs_info *c,
+		      const struct ubifs_lprops *lp);
+void ubifs_dump_lprops(struct ubifs_info *c);
+void ubifs_dump_lpt_info(struct ubifs_info *c);
+void ubifs_dump_leb(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum);
+void ubifs_dump_sleb(const struct ubifs_info *c,
+		     const struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb, int offs);
+void ubifs_dump_znode(const struct ubifs_info *c,
+		      const struct ubifs_znode *znode);
+void ubifs_dump_heap(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_lpt_heap *heap,
+		     int cat);
+void ubifs_dump_pnode(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_pnode *pnode,
+		      struct ubifs_nnode *parent, int iip);
+void ubifs_dump_tnc(struct ubifs_info *c);
+void ubifs_dump_index(struct ubifs_info *c);
+void ubifs_dump_lpt_lebs(const struct ubifs_info *c);
+
+int dbg_walk_index(struct ubifs_info *c, dbg_leaf_callback leaf_cb,
+		   dbg_znode_callback znode_cb, void *priv);
+
+/* Checking functions */
+void dbg_save_space_info(struct ubifs_info *c);
+int dbg_check_space_info(struct ubifs_info *c);
+int dbg_check_lprops(struct ubifs_info *c);
+int dbg_old_index_check_init(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_zbranch *zroot);
+int dbg_check_old_index(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_zbranch *zroot);
+int dbg_check_cats(struct ubifs_info *c);
+int dbg_check_ltab(struct ubifs_info *c);
+int dbg_chk_lpt_free_spc(struct ubifs_info *c);
+int dbg_chk_lpt_sz(struct ubifs_info *c, int action, int len);
+int dbg_check_synced_i_size(const struct ubifs_info *c, struct inode *inode);
+int dbg_check_dir(struct ubifs_info *c, const struct inode *dir);
+int dbg_check_tnc(struct ubifs_info *c, int extra);
+int dbg_check_idx_size(struct ubifs_info *c, long long idx_size);
+int dbg_check_filesystem(struct ubifs_info *c);
+void dbg_check_heap(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_lpt_heap *heap, int cat,
+		    int add_pos);
+int dbg_check_lpt_nodes(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_cnode *cnode,
+			int row, int col);
+int dbg_check_inode_size(struct ubifs_info *c, const struct inode *inode,
+			 loff_t size);
+int dbg_check_data_nodes_order(struct ubifs_info *c, struct list_head *head);
+int dbg_check_nondata_nodes_order(struct ubifs_info *c, struct list_head *head);
+
+int dbg_leb_write(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, const void *buf, int offs,
+		  int len);
+int dbg_leb_change(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, const void *buf, int len);
+int dbg_leb_unmap(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum);
+int dbg_leb_map(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum);
+
+/* Debugfs-related stuff */
+int dbg_debugfs_init(void);
+void dbg_debugfs_exit(void);
+int dbg_debugfs_init_fs(struct ubifs_info *c);
+void dbg_debugfs_exit_fs(struct ubifs_info *c);
 
 #endif /* !__UBIFS_DEBUG_H__ */
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/io.c b/fs/ubifs/io.c
index aae5c65eae..f87341e108 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/io.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/io.c
@@ -4,18 +4,7 @@
  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Nokia Corporation.
  * Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 University of Szeged, Hungary
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
- * more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
- * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
- * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
  *
  * Authors: Artem Bityutskiy (Битюцкий Артём)
  *          Adrian Hunter
@@ -31,6 +20,26 @@
  * buffer is full or when it is not used for some time (by timer). This is
  * similar to the mechanism is used by JFFS2.
  *
+ * UBIFS distinguishes between minimum write size (@c->min_io_size) and maximum
+ * write size (@c->max_write_size). The latter is the maximum amount of bytes
+ * the underlying flash is able to program at a time, and writing in
+ * @c->max_write_size units should presumably be faster. Obviously,
+ * @c->min_io_size <= @c->max_write_size. Write-buffers are of
+ * @c->max_write_size bytes in size for maximum performance. However, when a
+ * write-buffer is flushed, only the portion of it (aligned to @c->min_io_size
+ * boundary) which contains data is written, not the whole write-buffer,
+ * because this is more space-efficient.
+ *
+ * This optimization adds few complications to the code. Indeed, on the one
+ * hand, we want to write in optimal @c->max_write_size bytes chunks, which
+ * also means aligning writes at the @c->max_write_size bytes offsets. On the
+ * other hand, we do not want to waste space when synchronizing the write
+ * buffer, so during synchronization we writes in smaller chunks. And this makes
+ * the next write offset to be not aligned to @c->max_write_size bytes. So the
+ * have to make sure that the write-buffer offset (@wbuf->offs) becomes aligned
+ * to @c->max_write_size bytes again. We do this by temporarily shrinking
+ * write-buffer size (@wbuf->size).
+ *
  * Write-buffers are defined by 'struct ubifs_wbuf' objects and protected by
  * mutexes defined inside these objects. Since sometimes upper-level code
  * has to lock the write-buffer (e.g. journal space reservation code), many
@@ -46,10 +55,18 @@
  * UBIFS uses padding when it pads to the next min. I/O unit. In this case it
  * uses padding nodes or padding bytes, if the padding node does not fit.
  *
- * All UBIFS nodes are protected by CRC checksums and UBIFS checks all nodes
- * every time they are read from the flash media.
+ * All UBIFS nodes are protected by CRC checksums and UBIFS checks CRC when
+ * they are read from the flash media.
  */
 
+#define __UBOOT__
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+#include <linux/crc32.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#else
+#include <linux/compat.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#endif
 #include "ubifs.h"
 
 /**
@@ -59,12 +76,129 @@
  */
 void ubifs_ro_mode(struct ubifs_info *c, int err)
 {
-	if (!c->ro_media) {
-		c->ro_media = 1;
+	if (!c->ro_error) {
+		c->ro_error = 1;
 		c->no_chk_data_crc = 0;
+		c->vfs_sb->s_flags |= MS_RDONLY;
 		ubifs_warn("switched to read-only mode, error %d", err);
-		dbg_dump_stack();
+		dump_stack();
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Below are simple wrappers over UBI I/O functions which include some
+ * additional checks and UBIFS debugging stuff. See corresponding UBI function
+ * for more information.
+ */
+
+int ubifs_leb_read(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, void *buf, int offs,
+		   int len, int even_ebadmsg)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = ubi_read(c->ubi, lnum, buf, offs, len);
+	/*
+	 * In case of %-EBADMSG print the error message only if the
+	 * @even_ebadmsg is true.
+	 */
+	if (err && (err != -EBADMSG || even_ebadmsg)) {
+		ubifs_err("reading %d bytes from LEB %d:%d failed, error %d",
+			  len, lnum, offs, err);
+		dump_stack();
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+int ubifs_leb_write(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, const void *buf, int offs,
+		    int len)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	ubifs_assert(!c->ro_media && !c->ro_mount);
+	if (c->ro_error)
+		return -EROFS;
+	if (!dbg_is_tst_rcvry(c))
+		err = ubi_leb_write(c->ubi, lnum, buf, offs, len);
+	else
+		err = dbg_leb_write(c, lnum, buf, offs, len);
+	if (err) {
+		ubifs_err("writing %d bytes to LEB %d:%d failed, error %d",
+			  len, lnum, offs, err);
+		ubifs_ro_mode(c, err);
+		dump_stack();
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+int ubifs_leb_change(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, const void *buf, int len)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	ubifs_assert(!c->ro_media && !c->ro_mount);
+	if (c->ro_error)
+		return -EROFS;
+	if (!dbg_is_tst_rcvry(c))
+		err = ubi_leb_change(c->ubi, lnum, buf, len);
+	else
+		err = dbg_leb_change(c, lnum, buf, len);
+	if (err) {
+		ubifs_err("changing %d bytes in LEB %d failed, error %d",
+			  len, lnum, err);
+		ubifs_ro_mode(c, err);
+		dump_stack();
 	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+int ubifs_leb_unmap(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	ubifs_assert(!c->ro_media && !c->ro_mount);
+	if (c->ro_error)
+		return -EROFS;
+	if (!dbg_is_tst_rcvry(c))
+		err = ubi_leb_unmap(c->ubi, lnum);
+	else
+		err = dbg_leb_unmap(c, lnum);
+	if (err) {
+		ubifs_err("unmap LEB %d failed, error %d", lnum, err);
+		ubifs_ro_mode(c, err);
+		dump_stack();
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+int ubifs_leb_map(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	ubifs_assert(!c->ro_media && !c->ro_mount);
+	if (c->ro_error)
+		return -EROFS;
+	if (!dbg_is_tst_rcvry(c))
+		err = ubi_leb_map(c->ubi, lnum);
+	else
+		err = dbg_leb_map(c, lnum);
+	if (err) {
+		ubifs_err("mapping LEB %d failed, error %d", lnum, err);
+		ubifs_ro_mode(c, err);
+		dump_stack();
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+int ubifs_is_mapped(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = ubi_is_mapped(c->ubi, lnum);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		ubifs_err("ubi_is_mapped failed for LEB %d, error %d",
+			  lnum, err);
+		dump_stack();
+	}
+	return err;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -85,8 +219,12 @@ void ubifs_ro_mode(struct ubifs_info *c, int err)
  * This function may skip data nodes CRC checking if @c->no_chk_data_crc is
  * true, which is controlled by corresponding UBIFS mount option. However, if
  * @must_chk_crc is true, then @c->no_chk_data_crc is ignored and CRC is
- * checked. Similarly, if @c->always_chk_crc is true, @c->no_chk_data_crc is
- * ignored and CRC is checked.
+ * checked. Similarly, if @c->mounting or @c->remounting_rw is true (we are
+ * mounting or re-mounting to R/W mode), @c->no_chk_data_crc is ignored and CRC
+ * is checked. This is because during mounting or re-mounting from R/O mode to
+ * R/W mode we may read journal nodes (when replying the journal or doing the
+ * recovery) and the journal nodes may potentially be corrupted, so checking is
+ * required.
  *
  * This function returns zero in case of success and %-EUCLEAN in case of bad
  * CRC or magic.
@@ -128,8 +266,8 @@ int ubifs_check_node(const struct ubifs_info *c, const void *buf, int lnum,
 		   node_len > c->ranges[type].max_len)
 		goto out_len;
 
-	if (!must_chk_crc && type == UBIFS_DATA_NODE && !c->always_chk_crc &&
-	     c->no_chk_data_crc)
+	if (!must_chk_crc && type == UBIFS_DATA_NODE && !c->mounting &&
+	    !c->remounting_rw && c->no_chk_data_crc)
 		return 0;
 
 	crc = crc32(UBIFS_CRC32_INIT, buf + 8, node_len - 8);
@@ -150,8 +288,8 @@ out_len:
 out:
 	if (!quiet) {
 		ubifs_err("bad node at LEB %d:%d", lnum, offs);
-		dbg_dump_node(c, buf);
-		dbg_dump_stack();
+		ubifs_dump_node(c, buf);
+		dump_stack();
 	}
 	return err;
 }
@@ -257,6 +395,571 @@ void ubifs_prepare_node(struct ubifs_info *c, void *node, int len, int pad)
 }
 
 /**
+ * ubifs_prep_grp_node - prepare node of a group to be written to flash.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @node: the node to pad
+ * @len: node length
+ * @last: indicates the last node of the group
+ *
+ * This function prepares node at @node to be written to the media - it
+ * calculates node CRC and fills the common header.
+ */
+void ubifs_prep_grp_node(struct ubifs_info *c, void *node, int len, int last)
+{
+	uint32_t crc;
+	struct ubifs_ch *ch = node;
+	unsigned long long sqnum = next_sqnum(c);
+
+	ubifs_assert(len >= UBIFS_CH_SZ);
+
+	ch->magic = cpu_to_le32(UBIFS_NODE_MAGIC);
+	ch->len = cpu_to_le32(len);
+	if (last)
+		ch->group_type = UBIFS_LAST_OF_NODE_GROUP;
+	else
+		ch->group_type = UBIFS_IN_NODE_GROUP;
+	ch->sqnum = cpu_to_le64(sqnum);
+	ch->padding[0] = ch->padding[1] = 0;
+	crc = crc32(UBIFS_CRC32_INIT, node + 8, len - 8);
+	ch->crc = cpu_to_le32(crc);
+}
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/**
+ * wbuf_timer_callback - write-buffer timer callback function.
+ * @data: timer data (write-buffer descriptor)
+ *
+ * This function is called when the write-buffer timer expires.
+ */
+static enum hrtimer_restart wbuf_timer_callback_nolock(struct hrtimer *timer)
+{
+	struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf = container_of(timer, struct ubifs_wbuf, timer);
+
+	dbg_io("jhead %s", dbg_jhead(wbuf->jhead));
+	wbuf->need_sync = 1;
+	wbuf->c->need_wbuf_sync = 1;
+	ubifs_wake_up_bgt(wbuf->c);
+	return HRTIMER_NORESTART;
+}
+
+/**
+ * new_wbuf_timer - start new write-buffer timer.
+ * @wbuf: write-buffer descriptor
+ */
+static void new_wbuf_timer_nolock(struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf)
+{
+	ubifs_assert(!hrtimer_active(&wbuf->timer));
+
+	if (wbuf->no_timer)
+		return;
+	dbg_io("set timer for jhead %s, %llu-%llu millisecs",
+	       dbg_jhead(wbuf->jhead),
+	       div_u64(ktime_to_ns(wbuf->softlimit), USEC_PER_SEC),
+	       div_u64(ktime_to_ns(wbuf->softlimit) + wbuf->delta,
+		       USEC_PER_SEC));
+	hrtimer_start_range_ns(&wbuf->timer, wbuf->softlimit, wbuf->delta,
+			       HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
+}
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * cancel_wbuf_timer - cancel write-buffer timer.
+ * @wbuf: write-buffer descriptor
+ */
+static void cancel_wbuf_timer_nolock(struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf)
+{
+	if (wbuf->no_timer)
+		return;
+	wbuf->need_sync = 0;
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	hrtimer_cancel(&wbuf->timer);
+#endif
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_wbuf_sync_nolock - synchronize write-buffer.
+ * @wbuf: write-buffer to synchronize
+ *
+ * This function synchronizes write-buffer @buf and returns zero in case of
+ * success or a negative error code in case of failure.
+ *
+ * Note, although write-buffers are of @c->max_write_size, this function does
+ * not necessarily writes all @c->max_write_size bytes to the flash. Instead,
+ * if the write-buffer is only partially filled with data, only the used part
+ * of the write-buffer (aligned on @c->min_io_size boundary) is synchronized.
+ * This way we waste less space.
+ */
+int ubifs_wbuf_sync_nolock(struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf)
+{
+	struct ubifs_info *c = wbuf->c;
+	int err, dirt, sync_len;
+
+	cancel_wbuf_timer_nolock(wbuf);
+	if (!wbuf->used || wbuf->lnum == -1)
+		/* Write-buffer is empty or not seeked */
+		return 0;
+
+	dbg_io("LEB %d:%d, %d bytes, jhead %s",
+	       wbuf->lnum, wbuf->offs, wbuf->used, dbg_jhead(wbuf->jhead));
+	ubifs_assert(!(wbuf->avail & 7));
+	ubifs_assert(wbuf->offs + wbuf->size <= c->leb_size);
+	ubifs_assert(wbuf->size >= c->min_io_size);
+	ubifs_assert(wbuf->size <= c->max_write_size);
+	ubifs_assert(wbuf->size % c->min_io_size == 0);
+	ubifs_assert(!c->ro_media && !c->ro_mount);
+	if (c->leb_size - wbuf->offs >= c->max_write_size)
+		ubifs_assert(!((wbuf->offs + wbuf->size) % c->max_write_size));
+
+	if (c->ro_error)
+		return -EROFS;
+
+	/*
+	 * Do not write whole write buffer but write only the minimum necessary
+	 * amount of min. I/O units.
+	 */
+	sync_len = ALIGN(wbuf->used, c->min_io_size);
+	dirt = sync_len - wbuf->used;
+	if (dirt)
+		ubifs_pad(c, wbuf->buf + wbuf->used, dirt);
+	err = ubifs_leb_write(c, wbuf->lnum, wbuf->buf, wbuf->offs, sync_len);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	spin_lock(&wbuf->lock);
+	wbuf->offs += sync_len;
+	/*
+	 * Now @wbuf->offs is not necessarily aligned to @c->max_write_size.
+	 * But our goal is to optimize writes and make sure we write in
+	 * @c->max_write_size chunks and to @c->max_write_size-aligned offset.
+	 * Thus, if @wbuf->offs is not aligned to @c->max_write_size now, make
+	 * sure that @wbuf->offs + @wbuf->size is aligned to
+	 * @c->max_write_size. This way we make sure that after next
+	 * write-buffer flush we are again at the optimal offset (aligned to
+	 * @c->max_write_size).
+	 */
+	if (c->leb_size - wbuf->offs < c->max_write_size)
+		wbuf->size = c->leb_size - wbuf->offs;
+	else if (wbuf->offs & (c->max_write_size - 1))
+		wbuf->size = ALIGN(wbuf->offs, c->max_write_size) - wbuf->offs;
+	else
+		wbuf->size = c->max_write_size;
+	wbuf->avail = wbuf->size;
+	wbuf->used = 0;
+	wbuf->next_ino = 0;
+	spin_unlock(&wbuf->lock);
+
+	if (wbuf->sync_callback)
+		err = wbuf->sync_callback(c, wbuf->lnum,
+					  c->leb_size - wbuf->offs, dirt);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_wbuf_seek_nolock - seek write-buffer.
+ * @wbuf: write-buffer
+ * @lnum: logical eraseblock number to seek to
+ * @offs: logical eraseblock offset to seek to
+ *
+ * This function targets the write-buffer to logical eraseblock @lnum:@offs.
+ * The write-buffer has to be empty. Returns zero in case of success and a
+ * negative error code in case of failure.
+ */
+int ubifs_wbuf_seek_nolock(struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf, int lnum, int offs)
+{
+	const struct ubifs_info *c = wbuf->c;
+
+	dbg_io("LEB %d:%d, jhead %s", lnum, offs, dbg_jhead(wbuf->jhead));
+	ubifs_assert(lnum >= 0 && lnum < c->leb_cnt);
+	ubifs_assert(offs >= 0 && offs <= c->leb_size);
+	ubifs_assert(offs % c->min_io_size == 0 && !(offs & 7));
+	ubifs_assert(lnum != wbuf->lnum);
+	ubifs_assert(wbuf->used == 0);
+
+	spin_lock(&wbuf->lock);
+	wbuf->lnum = lnum;
+	wbuf->offs = offs;
+	if (c->leb_size - wbuf->offs < c->max_write_size)
+		wbuf->size = c->leb_size - wbuf->offs;
+	else if (wbuf->offs & (c->max_write_size - 1))
+		wbuf->size = ALIGN(wbuf->offs, c->max_write_size) - wbuf->offs;
+	else
+		wbuf->size = c->max_write_size;
+	wbuf->avail = wbuf->size;
+	wbuf->used = 0;
+	spin_unlock(&wbuf->lock);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/**
+ * ubifs_bg_wbufs_sync - synchronize write-buffers.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function is called by background thread to synchronize write-buffers.
+ * Returns zero in case of success and a negative error code in case of
+ * failure.
+ */
+int ubifs_bg_wbufs_sync(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int err, i;
+
+	ubifs_assert(!c->ro_media && !c->ro_mount);
+	if (!c->need_wbuf_sync)
+		return 0;
+	c->need_wbuf_sync = 0;
+
+	if (c->ro_error) {
+		err = -EROFS;
+		goto out_timers;
+	}
+
+	dbg_io("synchronize");
+	for (i = 0; i < c->jhead_cnt; i++) {
+		struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf = &c->jheads[i].wbuf;
+
+		cond_resched();
+
+		/*
+		 * If the mutex is locked then wbuf is being changed, so
+		 * synchronization is not necessary.
+		 */
+		if (mutex_is_locked(&wbuf->io_mutex))
+			continue;
+
+		mutex_lock_nested(&wbuf->io_mutex, wbuf->jhead);
+		if (!wbuf->need_sync) {
+			mutex_unlock(&wbuf->io_mutex);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		err = ubifs_wbuf_sync_nolock(wbuf);
+		mutex_unlock(&wbuf->io_mutex);
+		if (err) {
+			ubifs_err("cannot sync write-buffer, error %d", err);
+			ubifs_ro_mode(c, err);
+			goto out_timers;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+
+out_timers:
+	/* Cancel all timers to prevent repeated errors */
+	for (i = 0; i < c->jhead_cnt; i++) {
+		struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf = &c->jheads[i].wbuf;
+
+		mutex_lock_nested(&wbuf->io_mutex, wbuf->jhead);
+		cancel_wbuf_timer_nolock(wbuf);
+		mutex_unlock(&wbuf->io_mutex);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_wbuf_write_nolock - write data to flash via write-buffer.
+ * @wbuf: write-buffer
+ * @buf: node to write
+ * @len: node length
+ *
+ * This function writes data to flash via write-buffer @wbuf. This means that
+ * the last piece of the node won't reach the flash media immediately if it
+ * does not take whole max. write unit (@c->max_write_size). Instead, the node
+ * will sit in RAM until the write-buffer is synchronized (e.g., by timer, or
+ * because more data are appended to the write-buffer).
+ *
+ * This function returns zero in case of success and a negative error code in
+ * case of failure. If the node cannot be written because there is no more
+ * space in this logical eraseblock, %-ENOSPC is returned.
+ */
+int ubifs_wbuf_write_nolock(struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf, void *buf, int len)
+{
+	struct ubifs_info *c = wbuf->c;
+	int err, written, n, aligned_len = ALIGN(len, 8);
+
+	dbg_io("%d bytes (%s) to jhead %s wbuf at LEB %d:%d", len,
+	       dbg_ntype(((struct ubifs_ch *)buf)->node_type),
+	       dbg_jhead(wbuf->jhead), wbuf->lnum, wbuf->offs + wbuf->used);
+	ubifs_assert(len > 0 && wbuf->lnum >= 0 && wbuf->lnum < c->leb_cnt);
+	ubifs_assert(wbuf->offs >= 0 && wbuf->offs % c->min_io_size == 0);
+	ubifs_assert(!(wbuf->offs & 7) && wbuf->offs <= c->leb_size);
+	ubifs_assert(wbuf->avail > 0 && wbuf->avail <= wbuf->size);
+	ubifs_assert(wbuf->size >= c->min_io_size);
+	ubifs_assert(wbuf->size <= c->max_write_size);
+	ubifs_assert(wbuf->size % c->min_io_size == 0);
+	ubifs_assert(mutex_is_locked(&wbuf->io_mutex));
+	ubifs_assert(!c->ro_media && !c->ro_mount);
+	ubifs_assert(!c->space_fixup);
+	if (c->leb_size - wbuf->offs >= c->max_write_size)
+		ubifs_assert(!((wbuf->offs + wbuf->size) % c->max_write_size));
+
+	if (c->leb_size - wbuf->offs - wbuf->used < aligned_len) {
+		err = -ENOSPC;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	cancel_wbuf_timer_nolock(wbuf);
+
+	if (c->ro_error)
+		return -EROFS;
+
+	if (aligned_len <= wbuf->avail) {
+		/*
+		 * The node is not very large and fits entirely within
+		 * write-buffer.
+		 */
+		memcpy(wbuf->buf + wbuf->used, buf, len);
+
+		if (aligned_len == wbuf->avail) {
+			dbg_io("flush jhead %s wbuf to LEB %d:%d",
+			       dbg_jhead(wbuf->jhead), wbuf->lnum, wbuf->offs);
+			err = ubifs_leb_write(c, wbuf->lnum, wbuf->buf,
+					      wbuf->offs, wbuf->size);
+			if (err)
+				goto out;
+
+			spin_lock(&wbuf->lock);
+			wbuf->offs += wbuf->size;
+			if (c->leb_size - wbuf->offs >= c->max_write_size)
+				wbuf->size = c->max_write_size;
+			else
+				wbuf->size = c->leb_size - wbuf->offs;
+			wbuf->avail = wbuf->size;
+			wbuf->used = 0;
+			wbuf->next_ino = 0;
+			spin_unlock(&wbuf->lock);
+		} else {
+			spin_lock(&wbuf->lock);
+			wbuf->avail -= aligned_len;
+			wbuf->used += aligned_len;
+			spin_unlock(&wbuf->lock);
+		}
+
+		goto exit;
+	}
+
+	written = 0;
+
+	if (wbuf->used) {
+		/*
+		 * The node is large enough and does not fit entirely within
+		 * current available space. We have to fill and flush
+		 * write-buffer and switch to the next max. write unit.
+		 */
+		dbg_io("flush jhead %s wbuf to LEB %d:%d",
+		       dbg_jhead(wbuf->jhead), wbuf->lnum, wbuf->offs);
+		memcpy(wbuf->buf + wbuf->used, buf, wbuf->avail);
+		err = ubifs_leb_write(c, wbuf->lnum, wbuf->buf, wbuf->offs,
+				      wbuf->size);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+
+		wbuf->offs += wbuf->size;
+		len -= wbuf->avail;
+		aligned_len -= wbuf->avail;
+		written += wbuf->avail;
+	} else if (wbuf->offs & (c->max_write_size - 1)) {
+		/*
+		 * The write-buffer offset is not aligned to
+		 * @c->max_write_size and @wbuf->size is less than
+		 * @c->max_write_size. Write @wbuf->size bytes to make sure the
+		 * following writes are done in optimal @c->max_write_size
+		 * chunks.
+		 */
+		dbg_io("write %d bytes to LEB %d:%d",
+		       wbuf->size, wbuf->lnum, wbuf->offs);
+		err = ubifs_leb_write(c, wbuf->lnum, buf, wbuf->offs,
+				      wbuf->size);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+
+		wbuf->offs += wbuf->size;
+		len -= wbuf->size;
+		aligned_len -= wbuf->size;
+		written += wbuf->size;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * The remaining data may take more whole max. write units, so write the
+	 * remains multiple to max. write unit size directly to the flash media.
+	 * We align node length to 8-byte boundary because we anyway flash wbuf
+	 * if the remaining space is less than 8 bytes.
+	 */
+	n = aligned_len >> c->max_write_shift;
+	if (n) {
+		n <<= c->max_write_shift;
+		dbg_io("write %d bytes to LEB %d:%d", n, wbuf->lnum,
+		       wbuf->offs);
+		err = ubifs_leb_write(c, wbuf->lnum, buf + written,
+				      wbuf->offs, n);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+		wbuf->offs += n;
+		aligned_len -= n;
+		len -= n;
+		written += n;
+	}
+
+	spin_lock(&wbuf->lock);
+	if (aligned_len)
+		/*
+		 * And now we have what's left and what does not take whole
+		 * max. write unit, so write it to the write-buffer and we are
+		 * done.
+		 */
+		memcpy(wbuf->buf, buf + written, len);
+
+	if (c->leb_size - wbuf->offs >= c->max_write_size)
+		wbuf->size = c->max_write_size;
+	else
+		wbuf->size = c->leb_size - wbuf->offs;
+	wbuf->avail = wbuf->size - aligned_len;
+	wbuf->used = aligned_len;
+	wbuf->next_ino = 0;
+	spin_unlock(&wbuf->lock);
+
+exit:
+	if (wbuf->sync_callback) {
+		int free = c->leb_size - wbuf->offs - wbuf->used;
+
+		err = wbuf->sync_callback(c, wbuf->lnum, free, 0);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (wbuf->used)
+		new_wbuf_timer_nolock(wbuf);
+
+	return 0;
+
+out:
+	ubifs_err("cannot write %d bytes to LEB %d:%d, error %d",
+		  len, wbuf->lnum, wbuf->offs, err);
+	ubifs_dump_node(c, buf);
+	dump_stack();
+	ubifs_dump_leb(c, wbuf->lnum);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_write_node - write node to the media.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @buf: the node to write
+ * @len: node length
+ * @lnum: logical eraseblock number
+ * @offs: offset within the logical eraseblock
+ *
+ * This function automatically fills node magic number, assigns sequence
+ * number, and calculates node CRC checksum. The length of the @buf buffer has
+ * to be aligned to the minimal I/O unit size. This function automatically
+ * appends padding node and padding bytes if needed. Returns zero in case of
+ * success and a negative error code in case of failure.
+ */
+int ubifs_write_node(struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf, int len, int lnum,
+		     int offs)
+{
+	int err, buf_len = ALIGN(len, c->min_io_size);
+
+	dbg_io("LEB %d:%d, %s, length %d (aligned %d)",
+	       lnum, offs, dbg_ntype(((struct ubifs_ch *)buf)->node_type), len,
+	       buf_len);
+	ubifs_assert(lnum >= 0 && lnum < c->leb_cnt && offs >= 0);
+	ubifs_assert(offs % c->min_io_size == 0 && offs < c->leb_size);
+	ubifs_assert(!c->ro_media && !c->ro_mount);
+	ubifs_assert(!c->space_fixup);
+
+	if (c->ro_error)
+		return -EROFS;
+
+	ubifs_prepare_node(c, buf, len, 1);
+	err = ubifs_leb_write(c, lnum, buf, offs, buf_len);
+	if (err)
+		ubifs_dump_node(c, buf);
+
+	return err;
+}
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_read_node_wbuf - read node from the media or write-buffer.
+ * @wbuf: wbuf to check for un-written data
+ * @buf: buffer to read to
+ * @type: node type
+ * @len: node length
+ * @lnum: logical eraseblock number
+ * @offs: offset within the logical eraseblock
+ *
+ * This function reads a node of known type and length, checks it and stores
+ * in @buf. If the node partially or fully sits in the write-buffer, this
+ * function takes data from the buffer, otherwise it reads the flash media.
+ * Returns zero in case of success, %-EUCLEAN if CRC mismatched and a negative
+ * error code in case of failure.
+ */
+int ubifs_read_node_wbuf(struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf, void *buf, int type, int len,
+			 int lnum, int offs)
+{
+	const struct ubifs_info *c = wbuf->c;
+	int err, rlen, overlap;
+	struct ubifs_ch *ch = buf;
+
+	dbg_io("LEB %d:%d, %s, length %d, jhead %s", lnum, offs,
+	       dbg_ntype(type), len, dbg_jhead(wbuf->jhead));
+	ubifs_assert(wbuf && lnum >= 0 && lnum < c->leb_cnt && offs >= 0);
+	ubifs_assert(!(offs & 7) && offs < c->leb_size);
+	ubifs_assert(type >= 0 && type < UBIFS_NODE_TYPES_CNT);
+
+	spin_lock(&wbuf->lock);
+	overlap = (lnum == wbuf->lnum && offs + len > wbuf->offs);
+	if (!overlap) {
+		/* We may safely unlock the write-buffer and read the data */
+		spin_unlock(&wbuf->lock);
+		return ubifs_read_node(c, buf, type, len, lnum, offs);
+	}
+
+	/* Don't read under wbuf */
+	rlen = wbuf->offs - offs;
+	if (rlen < 0)
+		rlen = 0;
+
+	/* Copy the rest from the write-buffer */
+	memcpy(buf + rlen, wbuf->buf + offs + rlen - wbuf->offs, len - rlen);
+	spin_unlock(&wbuf->lock);
+
+	if (rlen > 0) {
+		/* Read everything that goes before write-buffer */
+		err = ubifs_leb_read(c, lnum, buf, offs, rlen, 0);
+		if (err && err != -EBADMSG)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	if (type != ch->node_type) {
+		ubifs_err("bad node type (%d but expected %d)",
+			  ch->node_type, type);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	err = ubifs_check_node(c, buf, lnum, offs, 0, 0);
+	if (err) {
+		ubifs_err("expected node type %d", type);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	rlen = le32_to_cpu(ch->len);
+	if (rlen != len) {
+		ubifs_err("bad node length %d, expected %d", rlen, len);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+
+out:
+	ubifs_err("bad node at LEB %d:%d", lnum, offs);
+	ubifs_dump_node(c, buf);
+	dump_stack();
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+/**
  * ubifs_read_node - read node.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  * @buf: buffer to read to
@@ -281,12 +984,9 @@ int ubifs_read_node(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf, int type, int len,
 	ubifs_assert(!(offs & 7) && offs < c->leb_size);
 	ubifs_assert(type >= 0 && type < UBIFS_NODE_TYPES_CNT);
 
-	err = ubi_read(c->ubi, lnum, buf, offs, len);
-	if (err && err != -EBADMSG) {
-		ubifs_err("cannot read node %d from LEB %d:%d, error %d",
-			  type, lnum, offs, err);
+	err = ubifs_leb_read(c, lnum, buf, offs, len, 0);
+	if (err && err != -EBADMSG)
 		return err;
-	}
 
 	if (type != ch->node_type) {
 		ubifs_err("bad node type (%d but expected %d)",
@@ -309,8 +1009,143 @@ int ubifs_read_node(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf, int type, int len,
 	return 0;
 
 out:
-	ubifs_err("bad node at LEB %d:%d", lnum, offs);
-	dbg_dump_node(c, buf);
-	dbg_dump_stack();
+	ubifs_err("bad node at LEB %d:%d, LEB mapping status %d", lnum, offs,
+		  ubi_is_mapped(c->ubi, lnum));
+	ubifs_dump_node(c, buf);
+	dump_stack();
 	return -EINVAL;
 }
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_wbuf_init - initialize write-buffer.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @wbuf: write-buffer to initialize
+ *
+ * This function initializes write-buffer. Returns zero in case of success
+ * %-ENOMEM in case of failure.
+ */
+int ubifs_wbuf_init(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf)
+{
+	size_t size;
+
+	wbuf->buf = kmalloc(c->max_write_size, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!wbuf->buf)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	size = (c->max_write_size / UBIFS_CH_SZ + 1) * sizeof(ino_t);
+	wbuf->inodes = kmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!wbuf->inodes) {
+		kfree(wbuf->buf);
+		wbuf->buf = NULL;
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	wbuf->used = 0;
+	wbuf->lnum = wbuf->offs = -1;
+	/*
+	 * If the LEB starts at the max. write size aligned address, then
+	 * write-buffer size has to be set to @c->max_write_size. Otherwise,
+	 * set it to something smaller so that it ends at the closest max.
+	 * write size boundary.
+	 */
+	size = c->max_write_size - (c->leb_start % c->max_write_size);
+	wbuf->avail = wbuf->size = size;
+	wbuf->sync_callback = NULL;
+	mutex_init(&wbuf->io_mutex);
+	spin_lock_init(&wbuf->lock);
+	wbuf->c = c;
+	wbuf->next_ino = 0;
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	hrtimer_init(&wbuf->timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
+	wbuf->timer.function = wbuf_timer_callback_nolock;
+	wbuf->softlimit = ktime_set(WBUF_TIMEOUT_SOFTLIMIT, 0);
+	wbuf->delta = WBUF_TIMEOUT_HARDLIMIT - WBUF_TIMEOUT_SOFTLIMIT;
+	wbuf->delta *= 1000000000ULL;
+	ubifs_assert(wbuf->delta <= ULONG_MAX);
+#endif
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_wbuf_add_ino_nolock - add an inode number into the wbuf inode array.
+ * @wbuf: the write-buffer where to add
+ * @inum: the inode number
+ *
+ * This function adds an inode number to the inode array of the write-buffer.
+ */
+void ubifs_wbuf_add_ino_nolock(struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf, ino_t inum)
+{
+	if (!wbuf->buf)
+		/* NOR flash or something similar */
+		return;
+
+	spin_lock(&wbuf->lock);
+	if (wbuf->used)
+		wbuf->inodes[wbuf->next_ino++] = inum;
+	spin_unlock(&wbuf->lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * wbuf_has_ino - returns if the wbuf contains data from the inode.
+ * @wbuf: the write-buffer
+ * @inum: the inode number
+ *
+ * This function returns with %1 if the write-buffer contains some data from the
+ * given inode otherwise it returns with %0.
+ */
+static int wbuf_has_ino(struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf, ino_t inum)
+{
+	int i, ret = 0;
+
+	spin_lock(&wbuf->lock);
+	for (i = 0; i < wbuf->next_ino; i++)
+		if (inum == wbuf->inodes[i]) {
+			ret = 1;
+			break;
+		}
+	spin_unlock(&wbuf->lock);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_sync_wbufs_by_inode - synchronize write-buffers for an inode.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @inode: inode to synchronize
+ *
+ * This function synchronizes write-buffers which contain nodes belonging to
+ * @inode. Returns zero in case of success and a negative error code in case of
+ * failure.
+ */
+int ubifs_sync_wbufs_by_inode(struct ubifs_info *c, struct inode *inode)
+{
+	int i, err = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < c->jhead_cnt; i++) {
+		struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf = &c->jheads[i].wbuf;
+
+		if (i == GCHD)
+			/*
+			 * GC head is special, do not look at it. Even if the
+			 * head contains something related to this inode, it is
+			 * a _copy_ of corresponding on-flash node which sits
+			 * somewhere else.
+			 */
+			continue;
+
+		if (!wbuf_has_ino(wbuf, inode->i_ino))
+			continue;
+
+		mutex_lock_nested(&wbuf->io_mutex, wbuf->jhead);
+		if (wbuf_has_ino(wbuf, inode->i_ino))
+			err = ubifs_wbuf_sync_nolock(wbuf);
+		mutex_unlock(&wbuf->io_mutex);
+
+		if (err) {
+			ubifs_ro_mode(c, err);
+			return err;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/key.h b/fs/ubifs/key.h
index efb3430a25..b5c4884e30 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/key.h
+++ b/fs/ubifs/key.h
@@ -3,18 +3,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Nokia Corporation.
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
- * more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
- * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
- * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
  *
  * Authors: Artem Bityutskiy (Битюцкий Артём)
  *          Adrian Hunter
@@ -229,23 +218,6 @@ static inline void xent_key_init(const struct ubifs_info *c,
 }
 
 /**
- * xent_key_init_hash - initialize extended attribute entry key without
- *                      re-calculating hash function.
- * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
- * @key: key to initialize
- * @inum: host inode number
- * @hash: extended attribute entry name hash
- */
-static inline void xent_key_init_hash(const struct ubifs_info *c,
-				      union ubifs_key *key, ino_t inum,
-				      uint32_t hash)
-{
-	ubifs_assert(!(hash & ~UBIFS_S_KEY_HASH_MASK));
-	key->u32[0] = inum;
-	key->u32[1] = hash | (UBIFS_XENT_KEY << UBIFS_S_KEY_HASH_BITS);
-}
-
-/**
  * xent_key_init_flash - initialize on-flash extended attribute entry key.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  * @k: key to initialize
@@ -295,22 +267,15 @@ static inline void data_key_init(const struct ubifs_info *c,
 }
 
 /**
- * data_key_init_flash - initialize on-flash data key.
+ * highest_data_key - get the highest possible data key for an inode.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
- * @k: key to initialize
+ * @key: key to initialize
  * @inum: inode number
- * @block: block number
  */
-static inline void data_key_init_flash(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *k,
-				       ino_t inum, unsigned int block)
+static inline void highest_data_key(const struct ubifs_info *c,
+				   union ubifs_key *key, ino_t inum)
 {
-	union ubifs_key *key = k;
-
-	ubifs_assert(!(block & ~UBIFS_S_KEY_BLOCK_MASK));
-	key->j32[0] = cpu_to_le32(inum);
-	key->j32[1] = cpu_to_le32(block |
-				  (UBIFS_DATA_KEY << UBIFS_S_KEY_BLOCK_BITS));
-	memset(k + 8, 0, UBIFS_MAX_KEY_LEN - 8);
+	data_key_init(c, key, inum, UBIFS_S_KEY_BLOCK_MASK);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -330,6 +295,20 @@ static inline void trun_key_init(const struct ubifs_info *c,
 }
 
 /**
+ * invalid_key_init - initialize invalid node key.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @key: key to initialize
+ *
+ * This is a helper function which marks a @key object as invalid.
+ */
+static inline void invalid_key_init(const struct ubifs_info *c,
+				    union ubifs_key *key)
+{
+	key->u32[0] = 0xDEADBEAF;
+	key->u32[1] = UBIFS_INVALID_KEY;
+}
+
+/**
  * key_type - get key type.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  * @key: key to get type of
@@ -381,8 +360,8 @@ static inline ino_t key_inum_flash(const struct ubifs_info *c, const void *k)
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  * @key: the key to get hash from
  */
-static inline int key_hash(const struct ubifs_info *c,
-			   const union ubifs_key *key)
+static inline uint32_t key_hash(const struct ubifs_info *c,
+				const union ubifs_key *key)
 {
 	return key->u32[1] & UBIFS_S_KEY_HASH_MASK;
 }
@@ -392,7 +371,7 @@ static inline int key_hash(const struct ubifs_info *c,
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  * @k: the key to get hash from
  */
-static inline int key_hash_flash(const struct ubifs_info *c, const void *k)
+static inline uint32_t key_hash_flash(const struct ubifs_info *c, const void *k)
 {
 	const union ubifs_key *key = k;
 
@@ -554,4 +533,5 @@ static inline unsigned long long key_max_inode_size(const struct ubifs_info *c)
 		return 0;
 	}
 }
+
 #endif /* !__UBIFS_KEY_H__ */
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/log.c b/fs/ubifs/log.c
index 68a9bd98f8..ced04240c5 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/log.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/log.c
@@ -3,18 +3,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Nokia Corporation.
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
- * more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
- * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
- * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
  *
  * Authors: Artem Bityutskiy (Битюцкий Артём)
  *          Adrian Hunter
@@ -27,8 +16,14 @@
  * journal.
  */
 
+#define __UBOOT__
+#ifdef __UBOOT__
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#endif
 #include "ubifs.h"
 
+static int dbg_check_bud_bytes(struct ubifs_info *c);
+
 /**
  * ubifs_search_bud - search bud LEB.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
@@ -60,6 +55,57 @@ struct ubifs_bud *ubifs_search_bud(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum)
 }
 
 /**
+ * ubifs_get_wbuf - get the wbuf associated with a LEB, if there is one.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @lnum: logical eraseblock number to search
+ *
+ * This functions returns the wbuf for @lnum or %NULL if there is not one.
+ */
+struct ubifs_wbuf *ubifs_get_wbuf(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum)
+{
+	struct rb_node *p;
+	struct ubifs_bud *bud;
+	int jhead;
+
+	if (!c->jheads)
+		return NULL;
+
+	spin_lock(&c->buds_lock);
+	p = c->buds.rb_node;
+	while (p) {
+		bud = rb_entry(p, struct ubifs_bud, rb);
+		if (lnum < bud->lnum)
+			p = p->rb_left;
+		else if (lnum > bud->lnum)
+			p = p->rb_right;
+		else {
+			jhead = bud->jhead;
+			spin_unlock(&c->buds_lock);
+			return &c->jheads[jhead].wbuf;
+		}
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&c->buds_lock);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * empty_log_bytes - calculate amount of empty space in the log.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ */
+static inline long long empty_log_bytes(const struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	long long h, t;
+
+	h = (long long)c->lhead_lnum * c->leb_size + c->lhead_offs;
+	t = (long long)c->ltail_lnum * c->leb_size;
+
+	if (h >= t)
+		return c->log_bytes - h + t;
+	else
+		return t - h;
+}
+
+/**
  * ubifs_add_bud - add bud LEB to the tree of buds and its journal head list.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  * @bud: the bud to add
@@ -88,7 +134,7 @@ void ubifs_add_bud(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_bud *bud)
 		jhead = &c->jheads[bud->jhead];
 		list_add_tail(&bud->list, &jhead->buds_list);
 	} else
-		ubifs_assert(c->replaying && (c->vfs_sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY));
+		ubifs_assert(c->replaying && c->ro_mount);
 
 	/*
 	 * Note, although this is a new bud, we anyway account this space now,
@@ -98,7 +144,594 @@ void ubifs_add_bud(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_bud *bud)
 	 */
 	c->bud_bytes += c->leb_size - bud->start;
 
-	dbg_log("LEB %d:%d, jhead %d, bud_bytes %lld", bud->lnum,
-		bud->start, bud->jhead, c->bud_bytes);
+	dbg_log("LEB %d:%d, jhead %s, bud_bytes %lld", bud->lnum,
+		bud->start, dbg_jhead(bud->jhead), c->bud_bytes);
+	spin_unlock(&c->buds_lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_add_bud_to_log - add a new bud to the log.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @jhead: journal head the bud belongs to
+ * @lnum: LEB number of the bud
+ * @offs: starting offset of the bud
+ *
+ * This function writes reference node for the new bud LEB @lnum it to the log,
+ * and adds it to the buds tress. It also makes sure that log size does not
+ * exceed the 'c->max_bud_bytes' limit. Returns zero in case of success,
+ * %-EAGAIN if commit is required, and a negative error codes in case of
+ * failure.
+ */
+int ubifs_add_bud_to_log(struct ubifs_info *c, int jhead, int lnum, int offs)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct ubifs_bud *bud;
+	struct ubifs_ref_node *ref;
+
+	bud = kmalloc(sizeof(struct ubifs_bud), GFP_NOFS);
+	if (!bud)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	ref = kzalloc(c->ref_node_alsz, GFP_NOFS);
+	if (!ref) {
+		kfree(bud);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	mutex_lock(&c->log_mutex);
+	ubifs_assert(!c->ro_media && !c->ro_mount);
+	if (c->ro_error) {
+		err = -EROFS;
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+
+	/* Make sure we have enough space in the log */
+	if (empty_log_bytes(c) - c->ref_node_alsz < c->min_log_bytes) {
+		dbg_log("not enough log space - %lld, required %d",
+			empty_log_bytes(c), c->min_log_bytes);
+		ubifs_commit_required(c);
+		err = -EAGAIN;
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Make sure the amount of space in buds will not exceed the
+	 * 'c->max_bud_bytes' limit, because we want to guarantee mount time
+	 * limits.
+	 *
+	 * It is not necessary to hold @c->buds_lock when reading @c->bud_bytes
+	 * because we are holding @c->log_mutex. All @c->bud_bytes take place
+	 * when both @c->log_mutex and @c->bud_bytes are locked.
+	 */
+	if (c->bud_bytes + c->leb_size - offs > c->max_bud_bytes) {
+		dbg_log("bud bytes %lld (%lld max), require commit",
+			c->bud_bytes, c->max_bud_bytes);
+		ubifs_commit_required(c);
+		err = -EAGAIN;
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If the journal is full enough - start background commit. Note, it is
+	 * OK to read 'c->cmt_state' without spinlock because integer reads
+	 * are atomic in the kernel.
+	 */
+	if (c->bud_bytes >= c->bg_bud_bytes &&
+	    c->cmt_state == COMMIT_RESTING) {
+		dbg_log("bud bytes %lld (%lld max), initiate BG commit",
+			c->bud_bytes, c->max_bud_bytes);
+		ubifs_request_bg_commit(c);
+	}
+
+	bud->lnum = lnum;
+	bud->start = offs;
+	bud->jhead = jhead;
+
+	ref->ch.node_type = UBIFS_REF_NODE;
+	ref->lnum = cpu_to_le32(bud->lnum);
+	ref->offs = cpu_to_le32(bud->start);
+	ref->jhead = cpu_to_le32(jhead);
+
+	if (c->lhead_offs > c->leb_size - c->ref_node_alsz) {
+		c->lhead_lnum = ubifs_next_log_lnum(c, c->lhead_lnum);
+		c->lhead_offs = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (c->lhead_offs == 0) {
+		/* Must ensure next log LEB has been unmapped */
+		err = ubifs_leb_unmap(c, c->lhead_lnum);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_unlock;
+	}
+
+	if (bud->start == 0) {
+		/*
+		 * Before writing the LEB reference which refers an empty LEB
+		 * to the log, we have to make sure it is mapped, because
+		 * otherwise we'd risk to refer an LEB with garbage in case of
+		 * an unclean reboot, because the target LEB might have been
+		 * unmapped, but not yet physically erased.
+		 */
+		err = ubifs_leb_map(c, bud->lnum);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_unlock;
+	}
+
+	dbg_log("write ref LEB %d:%d",
+		c->lhead_lnum, c->lhead_offs);
+	err = ubifs_write_node(c, ref, UBIFS_REF_NODE_SZ, c->lhead_lnum,
+			       c->lhead_offs);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_unlock;
+
+	c->lhead_offs += c->ref_node_alsz;
+
+	ubifs_add_bud(c, bud);
+
+	mutex_unlock(&c->log_mutex);
+	kfree(ref);
+	return 0;
+
+out_unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&c->log_mutex);
+	kfree(ref);
+	kfree(bud);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * remove_buds - remove used buds.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function removes use buds from the buds tree. It does not remove the
+ * buds which are pointed to by journal heads.
+ */
+static void remove_buds(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	struct rb_node *p;
+
+	ubifs_assert(list_empty(&c->old_buds));
+	c->cmt_bud_bytes = 0;
+	spin_lock(&c->buds_lock);
+	p = rb_first(&c->buds);
+	while (p) {
+		struct rb_node *p1 = p;
+		struct ubifs_bud *bud;
+		struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf;
+
+		p = rb_next(p);
+		bud = rb_entry(p1, struct ubifs_bud, rb);
+		wbuf = &c->jheads[bud->jhead].wbuf;
+
+		if (wbuf->lnum == bud->lnum) {
+			/*
+			 * Do not remove buds which are pointed to by journal
+			 * heads (non-closed buds).
+			 */
+			c->cmt_bud_bytes += wbuf->offs - bud->start;
+			dbg_log("preserve %d:%d, jhead %s, bud bytes %d, cmt_bud_bytes %lld",
+				bud->lnum, bud->start, dbg_jhead(bud->jhead),
+				wbuf->offs - bud->start, c->cmt_bud_bytes);
+			bud->start = wbuf->offs;
+		} else {
+			c->cmt_bud_bytes += c->leb_size - bud->start;
+			dbg_log("remove %d:%d, jhead %s, bud bytes %d, cmt_bud_bytes %lld",
+				bud->lnum, bud->start, dbg_jhead(bud->jhead),
+				c->leb_size - bud->start, c->cmt_bud_bytes);
+			rb_erase(p1, &c->buds);
+			/*
+			 * If the commit does not finish, the recovery will need
+			 * to replay the journal, in which case the old buds
+			 * must be unchanged. Do not release them until post
+			 * commit i.e. do not allow them to be garbage
+			 * collected.
+			 */
+			list_move(&bud->list, &c->old_buds);
+		}
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&c->buds_lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_log_start_commit - start commit.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @ltail_lnum: return new log tail LEB number
+ *
+ * The commit operation starts with writing "commit start" node to the log and
+ * reference nodes for all journal heads which will define new journal after
+ * the commit has been finished. The commit start and reference nodes are
+ * written in one go to the nearest empty log LEB (hence, when commit is
+ * finished UBIFS may safely unmap all the previous log LEBs). This function
+ * returns zero in case of success and a negative error code in case of
+ * failure.
+ */
+int ubifs_log_start_commit(struct ubifs_info *c, int *ltail_lnum)
+{
+	void *buf;
+	struct ubifs_cs_node *cs;
+	struct ubifs_ref_node *ref;
+	int err, i, max_len, len;
+
+	err = dbg_check_bud_bytes(c);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	max_len = UBIFS_CS_NODE_SZ + c->jhead_cnt * UBIFS_REF_NODE_SZ;
+	max_len = ALIGN(max_len, c->min_io_size);
+	buf = cs = kmalloc(max_len, GFP_NOFS);
+	if (!buf)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	cs->ch.node_type = UBIFS_CS_NODE;
+	cs->cmt_no = cpu_to_le64(c->cmt_no);
+	ubifs_prepare_node(c, cs, UBIFS_CS_NODE_SZ, 0);
+
+	/*
+	 * Note, we do not lock 'c->log_mutex' because this is the commit start
+	 * phase and we are exclusively using the log. And we do not lock
+	 * write-buffer because nobody can write to the file-system at this
+	 * phase.
+	 */
+
+	len = UBIFS_CS_NODE_SZ;
+	for (i = 0; i < c->jhead_cnt; i++) {
+		int lnum = c->jheads[i].wbuf.lnum;
+		int offs = c->jheads[i].wbuf.offs;
+
+		if (lnum == -1 || offs == c->leb_size)
+			continue;
+
+		dbg_log("add ref to LEB %d:%d for jhead %s",
+			lnum, offs, dbg_jhead(i));
+		ref = buf + len;
+		ref->ch.node_type = UBIFS_REF_NODE;
+		ref->lnum = cpu_to_le32(lnum);
+		ref->offs = cpu_to_le32(offs);
+		ref->jhead = cpu_to_le32(i);
+
+		ubifs_prepare_node(c, ref, UBIFS_REF_NODE_SZ, 0);
+		len += UBIFS_REF_NODE_SZ;
+	}
+
+	ubifs_pad(c, buf + len, ALIGN(len, c->min_io_size) - len);
+
+	/* Switch to the next log LEB */
+	if (c->lhead_offs) {
+		c->lhead_lnum = ubifs_next_log_lnum(c, c->lhead_lnum);
+		c->lhead_offs = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (c->lhead_offs == 0) {
+		/* Must ensure next LEB has been unmapped */
+		err = ubifs_leb_unmap(c, c->lhead_lnum);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+	}
+
+	len = ALIGN(len, c->min_io_size);
+	dbg_log("writing commit start at LEB %d:0, len %d", c->lhead_lnum, len);
+	err = ubifs_leb_write(c, c->lhead_lnum, cs, 0, len);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	*ltail_lnum = c->lhead_lnum;
+
+	c->lhead_offs += len;
+	if (c->lhead_offs == c->leb_size) {
+		c->lhead_lnum = ubifs_next_log_lnum(c, c->lhead_lnum);
+		c->lhead_offs = 0;
+	}
+
+	remove_buds(c);
+
+	/*
+	 * We have started the commit and now users may use the rest of the log
+	 * for new writes.
+	 */
+	c->min_log_bytes = 0;
+
+out:
+	kfree(buf);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_log_end_commit - end commit.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @ltail_lnum: new log tail LEB number
+ *
+ * This function is called on when the commit operation was finished. It
+ * moves log tail to new position and unmaps LEBs which contain obsolete data.
+ * Returns zero in case of success and a negative error code in case of
+ * failure.
+ */
+int ubifs_log_end_commit(struct ubifs_info *c, int ltail_lnum)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	/*
+	 * At this phase we have to lock 'c->log_mutex' because UBIFS allows FS
+	 * writes during commit. Its only short "commit" start phase when
+	 * writers are blocked.
+	 */
+	mutex_lock(&c->log_mutex);
+
+	dbg_log("old tail was LEB %d:0, new tail is LEB %d:0",
+		c->ltail_lnum, ltail_lnum);
+
+	c->ltail_lnum = ltail_lnum;
+	/*
+	 * The commit is finished and from now on it must be guaranteed that
+	 * there is always enough space for the next commit.
+	 */
+	c->min_log_bytes = c->leb_size;
+
+	spin_lock(&c->buds_lock);
+	c->bud_bytes -= c->cmt_bud_bytes;
+	spin_unlock(&c->buds_lock);
+
+	err = dbg_check_bud_bytes(c);
+
+	mutex_unlock(&c->log_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_log_post_commit - things to do after commit is completed.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @old_ltail_lnum: old log tail LEB number
+ *
+ * Release buds only after commit is completed, because they must be unchanged
+ * if recovery is needed.
+ *
+ * Unmap log LEBs only after commit is completed, because they may be needed for
+ * recovery.
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int ubifs_log_post_commit(struct ubifs_info *c, int old_ltail_lnum)
+{
+	int lnum, err = 0;
+
+	while (!list_empty(&c->old_buds)) {
+		struct ubifs_bud *bud;
+
+		bud = list_entry(c->old_buds.next, struct ubifs_bud, list);
+		err = ubifs_return_leb(c, bud->lnum);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+		list_del(&bud->list);
+		kfree(bud);
+	}
+	mutex_lock(&c->log_mutex);
+	for (lnum = old_ltail_lnum; lnum != c->ltail_lnum;
+	     lnum = ubifs_next_log_lnum(c, lnum)) {
+		dbg_log("unmap log LEB %d", lnum);
+		err = ubifs_leb_unmap(c, lnum);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+	}
+out:
+	mutex_unlock(&c->log_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * struct done_ref - references that have been done.
+ * @rb: rb-tree node
+ * @lnum: LEB number
+ */
+struct done_ref {
+	struct rb_node rb;
+	int lnum;
+};
+
+/**
+ * done_already - determine if a reference has been done already.
+ * @done_tree: rb-tree to store references that have been done
+ * @lnum: LEB number of reference
+ *
+ * This function returns %1 if the reference has been done, %0 if not, otherwise
+ * a negative error code is returned.
+ */
+static int done_already(struct rb_root *done_tree, int lnum)
+{
+	struct rb_node **p = &done_tree->rb_node, *parent = NULL;
+	struct done_ref *dr;
+
+	while (*p) {
+		parent = *p;
+		dr = rb_entry(parent, struct done_ref, rb);
+		if (lnum < dr->lnum)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
+		else if (lnum > dr->lnum)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
+		else
+			return 1;
+	}
+
+	dr = kzalloc(sizeof(struct done_ref), GFP_NOFS);
+	if (!dr)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	dr->lnum = lnum;
+
+	rb_link_node(&dr->rb, parent, p);
+	rb_insert_color(&dr->rb, done_tree);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * destroy_done_tree - destroy the done tree.
+ * @done_tree: done tree to destroy
+ */
+static void destroy_done_tree(struct rb_root *done_tree)
+{
+	struct done_ref *dr, *n;
+
+	rbtree_postorder_for_each_entry_safe(dr, n, done_tree, rb)
+		kfree(dr);
+}
+
+/**
+ * add_node - add a node to the consolidated log.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @buf: buffer to which to add
+ * @lnum: LEB number to which to write is passed and returned here
+ * @offs: offset to where to write is passed and returned here
+ * @node: node to add
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+static int add_node(struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf, int *lnum, int *offs,
+		    void *node)
+{
+	struct ubifs_ch *ch = node;
+	int len = le32_to_cpu(ch->len), remains = c->leb_size - *offs;
+
+	if (len > remains) {
+		int sz = ALIGN(*offs, c->min_io_size), err;
+
+		ubifs_pad(c, buf + *offs, sz - *offs);
+		err = ubifs_leb_change(c, *lnum, buf, sz);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+		*lnum = ubifs_next_log_lnum(c, *lnum);
+		*offs = 0;
+	}
+	memcpy(buf + *offs, node, len);
+	*offs += ALIGN(len, 8);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_consolidate_log - consolidate the log.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * Repeated failed commits could cause the log to be full, but at least 1 LEB is
+ * needed for commit. This function rewrites the reference nodes in the log
+ * omitting duplicates, and failed CS nodes, and leaving no gaps.
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int ubifs_consolidate_log(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb;
+	struct ubifs_scan_node *snod;
+	struct rb_root done_tree = RB_ROOT;
+	int lnum, err, first = 1, write_lnum, offs = 0;
+	void *buf;
+
+	dbg_rcvry("log tail LEB %d, log head LEB %d", c->ltail_lnum,
+		  c->lhead_lnum);
+	buf = vmalloc(c->leb_size);
+	if (!buf)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	lnum = c->ltail_lnum;
+	write_lnum = lnum;
+	while (1) {
+		sleb = ubifs_scan(c, lnum, 0, c->sbuf, 0);
+		if (IS_ERR(sleb)) {
+			err = PTR_ERR(sleb);
+			goto out_free;
+		}
+		list_for_each_entry(snod, &sleb->nodes, list) {
+			switch (snod->type) {
+			case UBIFS_REF_NODE: {
+				struct ubifs_ref_node *ref = snod->node;
+				int ref_lnum = le32_to_cpu(ref->lnum);
+
+				err = done_already(&done_tree, ref_lnum);
+				if (err < 0)
+					goto out_scan;
+				if (err != 1) {
+					err = add_node(c, buf, &write_lnum,
+						       &offs, snod->node);
+					if (err)
+						goto out_scan;
+				}
+				break;
+			}
+			case UBIFS_CS_NODE:
+				if (!first)
+					break;
+				err = add_node(c, buf, &write_lnum, &offs,
+					       snod->node);
+				if (err)
+					goto out_scan;
+				first = 0;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		ubifs_scan_destroy(sleb);
+		if (lnum == c->lhead_lnum)
+			break;
+		lnum = ubifs_next_log_lnum(c, lnum);
+	}
+	if (offs) {
+		int sz = ALIGN(offs, c->min_io_size);
+
+		ubifs_pad(c, buf + offs, sz - offs);
+		err = ubifs_leb_change(c, write_lnum, buf, sz);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_free;
+		offs = ALIGN(offs, c->min_io_size);
+	}
+	destroy_done_tree(&done_tree);
+	vfree(buf);
+	if (write_lnum == c->lhead_lnum) {
+		ubifs_err("log is too full");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	/* Unmap remaining LEBs */
+	lnum = write_lnum;
+	do {
+		lnum = ubifs_next_log_lnum(c, lnum);
+		err = ubifs_leb_unmap(c, lnum);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	} while (lnum != c->lhead_lnum);
+	c->lhead_lnum = write_lnum;
+	c->lhead_offs = offs;
+	dbg_rcvry("new log head at %d:%d", c->lhead_lnum, c->lhead_offs);
+	return 0;
+
+out_scan:
+	ubifs_scan_destroy(sleb);
+out_free:
+	destroy_done_tree(&done_tree);
+	vfree(buf);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_check_bud_bytes - make sure bud bytes calculation are all right.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function makes sure the amount of flash space used by closed buds
+ * ('c->bud_bytes' is correct). Returns zero in case of success and %-EINVAL in
+ * case of failure.
+ */
+static int dbg_check_bud_bytes(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int i, err = 0;
+	struct ubifs_bud *bud;
+	long long bud_bytes = 0;
+
+	if (!dbg_is_chk_gen(c))
+		return 0;
+
+	spin_lock(&c->buds_lock);
+	for (i = 0; i < c->jhead_cnt; i++)
+		list_for_each_entry(bud, &c->jheads[i].buds_list, list)
+			bud_bytes += c->leb_size - bud->start;
+
+	if (c->bud_bytes != bud_bytes) {
+		ubifs_err("bad bud_bytes %lld, calculated %lld",
+			  c->bud_bytes, bud_bytes);
+		err = -EINVAL;
+	}
 	spin_unlock(&c->buds_lock);
+
+	return err;
 }
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/lprops.c b/fs/ubifs/lprops.c
index 8ce4949fcf..fc6686bb08 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/lprops.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/lprops.c
@@ -3,18 +3,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Nokia Corporation.
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
- * more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
- * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
- * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
  *
  * Authors: Adrian Hunter
  *          Artem Bityutskiy (Битюцкий Артём)
@@ -28,6 +17,10 @@
  * an empty LEB for the journal, or a very dirty LEB for garbage collection.
  */
 
+#define __UBOOT__
+#ifdef __UBOOT__
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#endif
 #include "ubifs.h"
 
 /**
@@ -281,7 +274,7 @@ void ubifs_add_to_cat(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_lprops *lprops,
 	case LPROPS_FREE:
 		if (add_to_lpt_heap(c, lprops, cat))
 			break;
-		/* No more room on heap so make it uncategorized */
+		/* No more room on heap so make it un-categorized */
 		cat = LPROPS_UNCAT;
 		/* Fall through */
 	case LPROPS_UNCAT:
@@ -300,8 +293,11 @@ void ubifs_add_to_cat(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_lprops *lprops,
 	default:
 		ubifs_assert(0);
 	}
+
 	lprops->flags &= ~LPROPS_CAT_MASK;
 	lprops->flags |= cat;
+	c->in_a_category_cnt += 1;
+	ubifs_assert(c->in_a_category_cnt <= c->main_lebs);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -334,6 +330,9 @@ static void ubifs_remove_from_cat(struct ubifs_info *c,
 	default:
 		ubifs_assert(0);
 	}
+
+	c->in_a_category_cnt -= 1;
+	ubifs_assert(c->in_a_category_cnt >= 0);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -375,8 +374,8 @@ void ubifs_replace_cat(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_lprops *old_lprops,
  * @lprops: LEB properties
  *
  * A LEB may have fallen off of the bottom of a heap, and ended up as
- * uncategorized even though it has enough space for us now. If that is the case
- * this function will put the LEB back onto a heap.
+ * un-categorized even though it has enough space for us now. If that is the
+ * case this function will put the LEB back onto a heap.
  */
 void ubifs_ensure_cat(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_lprops *lprops)
 {
@@ -436,10 +435,10 @@ int ubifs_categorize_lprops(const struct ubifs_info *c,
 /**
  * change_category - change LEB properties category.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
- * @lprops: LEB properties to recategorize
+ * @lprops: LEB properties to re-categorize
  *
  * LEB properties are categorized to enable fast find operations. When the LEB
- * properties change they must be recategorized.
+ * properties change they must be re-categorized.
  */
 static void change_category(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_lprops *lprops)
 {
@@ -447,7 +446,7 @@ static void change_category(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_lprops *lprops)
 	int new_cat = ubifs_categorize_lprops(c, lprops);
 
 	if (old_cat == new_cat) {
-		struct ubifs_lpt_heap *heap = &c->lpt_heap[new_cat - 1];
+		struct ubifs_lpt_heap *heap;
 
 		/* lprops on a heap now must be moved up or down */
 		if (new_cat < 1 || new_cat > LPROPS_HEAP_CNT)
@@ -461,21 +460,18 @@ static void change_category(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_lprops *lprops)
 }
 
 /**
- * calc_dark - calculate LEB dark space size.
+ * ubifs_calc_dark - calculate LEB dark space size.
  * @c: the UBIFS file-system description object
  * @spc: amount of free and dirty space in the LEB
  *
- * This function calculates amount of dark space in an LEB which has @spc bytes
- * of free and dirty space. Returns the calculations result.
+ * This function calculates and returns amount of dark space in an LEB which
+ * has @spc bytes of free and dirty space.
  *
- * Dark space is the space which is not always usable - it depends on which
- * nodes are written in which order. E.g., if an LEB has only 512 free bytes,
- * it is dark space, because it cannot fit a large data node. So UBIFS cannot
- * count on this LEB and treat these 512 bytes as usable because it is not true
- * if, for example, only big chunks of uncompressible data will be written to
- * the FS.
+ * UBIFS is trying to account the space which might not be usable, and this
+ * space is called "dark space". For example, if an LEB has only %512 free
+ * bytes, it is dark space, because it cannot fit a large data node.
  */
-static int calc_dark(struct ubifs_info *c, int spc)
+int ubifs_calc_dark(const struct ubifs_info *c, int spc)
 {
 	ubifs_assert(!(spc & 7));
 
@@ -507,7 +503,7 @@ static int is_lprops_dirty(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_lprops *lprops)
 	pnode = (struct ubifs_pnode *)container_of(lprops - pos,
 						   struct ubifs_pnode,
 						   lprops[0]);
-	return !test_bit(COW_ZNODE, &pnode->flags) &&
+	return !test_bit(COW_CNODE, &pnode->flags) &&
 	       test_bit(DIRTY_CNODE, &pnode->flags);
 }
 
@@ -518,7 +514,7 @@ static int is_lprops_dirty(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_lprops *lprops)
  * @free: new free space amount
  * @dirty: new dirty space amount
  * @flags: new flags
- * @idx_gc_cnt: change to the count of idx_gc list
+ * @idx_gc_cnt: change to the count of @idx_gc list
  *
  * This function changes LEB properties (@free, @dirty or @flag). However, the
  * property which has the %LPROPS_NC value is not changed. Returns a pointer to
@@ -535,7 +531,7 @@ const struct ubifs_lprops *ubifs_change_lp(struct ubifs_info *c,
 {
 	/*
 	 * This is the only function that is allowed to change lprops, so we
-	 * discard the const qualifier.
+	 * discard the "const" qualifier.
 	 */
 	struct ubifs_lprops *lprops = (struct ubifs_lprops *)lp;
 
@@ -575,7 +571,7 @@ const struct ubifs_lprops *ubifs_change_lp(struct ubifs_info *c,
 		if (old_spc < c->dead_wm)
 			c->lst.total_dead -= old_spc;
 		else
-			c->lst.total_dark -= calc_dark(c, old_spc);
+			c->lst.total_dark -= ubifs_calc_dark(c, old_spc);
 
 		c->lst.total_used -= c->leb_size - old_spc;
 	}
@@ -616,7 +612,7 @@ const struct ubifs_lprops *ubifs_change_lp(struct ubifs_info *c,
 		if (new_spc < c->dead_wm)
 			c->lst.total_dead += new_spc;
 		else
-			c->lst.total_dark += calc_dark(c, new_spc);
+			c->lst.total_dark += ubifs_calc_dark(c, new_spc);
 
 		c->lst.total_used += c->leb_size - new_spc;
 	}
@@ -678,6 +674,9 @@ int ubifs_change_one_lp(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int free, int dirty,
 
 out:
 	ubifs_release_lprops(c);
+	if (err)
+		ubifs_err("cannot change properties of LEB %d, error %d",
+			  lnum, err);
 	return err;
 }
 
@@ -714,6 +713,9 @@ int ubifs_update_one_lp(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int free, int dirty,
 
 out:
 	ubifs_release_lprops(c);
+	if (err)
+		ubifs_err("cannot update properties of LEB %d, error %d",
+			  lnum, err);
 	return err;
 }
 
@@ -737,6 +739,8 @@ int ubifs_read_one_lp(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, struct ubifs_lprops *lp)
 	lpp = ubifs_lpt_lookup(c, lnum);
 	if (IS_ERR(lpp)) {
 		err = PTR_ERR(lpp);
+		ubifs_err("cannot read properties of LEB %d, error %d",
+			  lnum, err);
 		goto out;
 	}
 
@@ -840,3 +844,471 @@ const struct ubifs_lprops *ubifs_fast_find_frdi_idx(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	ubifs_assert(lprops->free + lprops->dirty == c->leb_size);
 	return lprops;
 }
+
+/*
+ * Everything below is related to debugging.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * dbg_check_cats - check category heaps and lists.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int dbg_check_cats(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	struct ubifs_lprops *lprops;
+	struct list_head *pos;
+	int i, cat;
+
+	if (!dbg_is_chk_gen(c) && !dbg_is_chk_lprops(c))
+		return 0;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(lprops, &c->empty_list, list) {
+		if (lprops->free != c->leb_size) {
+			ubifs_err("non-empty LEB %d on empty list (free %d dirty %d flags %d)",
+				  lprops->lnum, lprops->free, lprops->dirty,
+				  lprops->flags);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		if (lprops->flags & LPROPS_TAKEN) {
+			ubifs_err("taken LEB %d on empty list (free %d dirty %d flags %d)",
+				  lprops->lnum, lprops->free, lprops->dirty,
+				  lprops->flags);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	i = 0;
+	list_for_each_entry(lprops, &c->freeable_list, list) {
+		if (lprops->free + lprops->dirty != c->leb_size) {
+			ubifs_err("non-freeable LEB %d on freeable list (free %d dirty %d flags %d)",
+				  lprops->lnum, lprops->free, lprops->dirty,
+				  lprops->flags);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		if (lprops->flags & LPROPS_TAKEN) {
+			ubifs_err("taken LEB %d on freeable list (free %d dirty %d flags %d)",
+				  lprops->lnum, lprops->free, lprops->dirty,
+				  lprops->flags);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		i += 1;
+	}
+	if (i != c->freeable_cnt) {
+		ubifs_err("freeable list count %d expected %d", i,
+			  c->freeable_cnt);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	i = 0;
+	list_for_each(pos, &c->idx_gc)
+		i += 1;
+	if (i != c->idx_gc_cnt) {
+		ubifs_err("idx_gc list count %d expected %d", i,
+			  c->idx_gc_cnt);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	list_for_each_entry(lprops, &c->frdi_idx_list, list) {
+		if (lprops->free + lprops->dirty != c->leb_size) {
+			ubifs_err("non-freeable LEB %d on frdi_idx list (free %d dirty %d flags %d)",
+				  lprops->lnum, lprops->free, lprops->dirty,
+				  lprops->flags);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		if (lprops->flags & LPROPS_TAKEN) {
+			ubifs_err("taken LEB %d on frdi_idx list (free %d dirty %d flags %d)",
+				  lprops->lnum, lprops->free, lprops->dirty,
+				  lprops->flags);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		if (!(lprops->flags & LPROPS_INDEX)) {
+			ubifs_err("non-index LEB %d on frdi_idx list (free %d dirty %d flags %d)",
+				  lprops->lnum, lprops->free, lprops->dirty,
+				  lprops->flags);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (cat = 1; cat <= LPROPS_HEAP_CNT; cat++) {
+		struct ubifs_lpt_heap *heap = &c->lpt_heap[cat - 1];
+
+		for (i = 0; i < heap->cnt; i++) {
+			lprops = heap->arr[i];
+			if (!lprops) {
+				ubifs_err("null ptr in LPT heap cat %d", cat);
+				return -EINVAL;
+			}
+			if (lprops->hpos != i) {
+				ubifs_err("bad ptr in LPT heap cat %d", cat);
+				return -EINVAL;
+			}
+			if (lprops->flags & LPROPS_TAKEN) {
+				ubifs_err("taken LEB in LPT heap cat %d", cat);
+				return -EINVAL;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void dbg_check_heap(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_lpt_heap *heap, int cat,
+		    int add_pos)
+{
+	int i = 0, j, err = 0;
+
+	if (!dbg_is_chk_gen(c) && !dbg_is_chk_lprops(c))
+		return;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < heap->cnt; i++) {
+		struct ubifs_lprops *lprops = heap->arr[i];
+		struct ubifs_lprops *lp;
+
+		if (i != add_pos)
+			if ((lprops->flags & LPROPS_CAT_MASK) != cat) {
+				err = 1;
+				goto out;
+			}
+		if (lprops->hpos != i) {
+			err = 2;
+			goto out;
+		}
+		lp = ubifs_lpt_lookup(c, lprops->lnum);
+		if (IS_ERR(lp)) {
+			err = 3;
+			goto out;
+		}
+		if (lprops != lp) {
+			ubifs_err("lprops %zx lp %zx lprops->lnum %d lp->lnum %d",
+				  (size_t)lprops, (size_t)lp, lprops->lnum,
+				  lp->lnum);
+			err = 4;
+			goto out;
+		}
+		for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
+			lp = heap->arr[j];
+			if (lp == lprops) {
+				err = 5;
+				goto out;
+			}
+			if (lp->lnum == lprops->lnum) {
+				err = 6;
+				goto out;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+out:
+	if (err) {
+		ubifs_err("failed cat %d hpos %d err %d", cat, i, err);
+		dump_stack();
+		ubifs_dump_heap(c, heap, cat);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * scan_check_cb - scan callback.
+ * @c: the UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @lp: LEB properties to scan
+ * @in_tree: whether the LEB properties are in main memory
+ * @lst: lprops statistics to update
+ *
+ * This function returns a code that indicates whether the scan should continue
+ * (%LPT_SCAN_CONTINUE), whether the LEB properties should be added to the tree
+ * in main memory (%LPT_SCAN_ADD), or whether the scan should stop
+ * (%LPT_SCAN_STOP).
+ */
+static int scan_check_cb(struct ubifs_info *c,
+			 const struct ubifs_lprops *lp, int in_tree,
+			 struct ubifs_lp_stats *lst)
+{
+	struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb;
+	struct ubifs_scan_node *snod;
+	int cat, lnum = lp->lnum, is_idx = 0, used = 0, freef, dirty, ret;
+	void *buf = NULL;
+
+	cat = lp->flags & LPROPS_CAT_MASK;
+	if (cat != LPROPS_UNCAT) {
+		cat = ubifs_categorize_lprops(c, lp);
+		if (cat != (lp->flags & LPROPS_CAT_MASK)) {
+			ubifs_err("bad LEB category %d expected %d",
+				  (lp->flags & LPROPS_CAT_MASK), cat);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Check lp is on its category list (if it has one) */
+	if (in_tree) {
+		struct list_head *list = NULL;
+
+		switch (cat) {
+		case LPROPS_EMPTY:
+			list = &c->empty_list;
+			break;
+		case LPROPS_FREEABLE:
+			list = &c->freeable_list;
+			break;
+		case LPROPS_FRDI_IDX:
+			list = &c->frdi_idx_list;
+			break;
+		case LPROPS_UNCAT:
+			list = &c->uncat_list;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (list) {
+			struct ubifs_lprops *lprops;
+			int found = 0;
+
+			list_for_each_entry(lprops, list, list) {
+				if (lprops == lp) {
+					found = 1;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+			if (!found) {
+				ubifs_err("bad LPT list (category %d)", cat);
+				return -EINVAL;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Check lp is on its category heap (if it has one) */
+	if (in_tree && cat > 0 && cat <= LPROPS_HEAP_CNT) {
+		struct ubifs_lpt_heap *heap = &c->lpt_heap[cat - 1];
+
+		if ((lp->hpos != -1 && heap->arr[lp->hpos]->lnum != lnum) ||
+		    lp != heap->arr[lp->hpos]) {
+			ubifs_err("bad LPT heap (category %d)", cat);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	buf = __vmalloc(c->leb_size, GFP_NOFS, PAGE_KERNEL);
+	if (!buf)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	/*
+	 * After an unclean unmount, empty and freeable LEBs
+	 * may contain garbage - do not scan them.
+	 */
+	if (lp->free == c->leb_size) {
+		lst->empty_lebs += 1;
+		lst->total_free += c->leb_size;
+		lst->total_dark += ubifs_calc_dark(c, c->leb_size);
+		return LPT_SCAN_CONTINUE;
+	}
+	if (lp->free + lp->dirty == c->leb_size &&
+	    !(lp->flags & LPROPS_INDEX)) {
+		lst->total_free  += lp->free;
+		lst->total_dirty += lp->dirty;
+		lst->total_dark  +=  ubifs_calc_dark(c, c->leb_size);
+		return LPT_SCAN_CONTINUE;
+	}
+
+	sleb = ubifs_scan(c, lnum, 0, buf, 0);
+	if (IS_ERR(sleb)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(sleb);
+		if (ret == -EUCLEAN) {
+			ubifs_dump_lprops(c);
+			ubifs_dump_budg(c, &c->bi);
+		}
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	is_idx = -1;
+	list_for_each_entry(snod, &sleb->nodes, list) {
+		int found, level = 0;
+
+		cond_resched();
+
+		if (is_idx == -1)
+			is_idx = (snod->type == UBIFS_IDX_NODE) ? 1 : 0;
+
+		if (is_idx && snod->type != UBIFS_IDX_NODE) {
+			ubifs_err("indexing node in data LEB %d:%d",
+				  lnum, snod->offs);
+			goto out_destroy;
+		}
+
+		if (snod->type == UBIFS_IDX_NODE) {
+			struct ubifs_idx_node *idx = snod->node;
+
+			key_read(c, ubifs_idx_key(c, idx), &snod->key);
+			level = le16_to_cpu(idx->level);
+		}
+
+		found = ubifs_tnc_has_node(c, &snod->key, level, lnum,
+					   snod->offs, is_idx);
+		if (found) {
+			if (found < 0)
+				goto out_destroy;
+			used += ALIGN(snod->len, 8);
+		}
+	}
+
+	freef = c->leb_size - sleb->endpt;
+	dirty = sleb->endpt - used;
+
+	if (freef > c->leb_size || freef < 0 || dirty > c->leb_size ||
+	    dirty < 0) {
+		ubifs_err("bad calculated accounting for LEB %d: free %d, dirty %d",
+			  lnum, freef, dirty);
+		goto out_destroy;
+	}
+
+	if (lp->free + lp->dirty == c->leb_size &&
+	    freef + dirty == c->leb_size)
+		if ((is_idx && !(lp->flags & LPROPS_INDEX)) ||
+		    (!is_idx && freef == c->leb_size) ||
+		    lp->free == c->leb_size) {
+			/*
+			 * Empty or freeable LEBs could contain index
+			 * nodes from an uncompleted commit due to an
+			 * unclean unmount. Or they could be empty for
+			 * the same reason. Or it may simply not have been
+			 * unmapped.
+			 */
+			freef = lp->free;
+			dirty = lp->dirty;
+			is_idx = 0;
+		    }
+
+	if (is_idx && lp->free + lp->dirty == freef + dirty &&
+	    lnum != c->ihead_lnum) {
+		/*
+		 * After an unclean unmount, an index LEB could have a different
+		 * amount of free space than the value recorded by lprops. That
+		 * is because the in-the-gaps method may use free space or
+		 * create free space (as a side-effect of using ubi_leb_change
+		 * and not writing the whole LEB). The incorrect free space
+		 * value is not a problem because the index is only ever
+		 * allocated empty LEBs, so there will never be an attempt to
+		 * write to the free space at the end of an index LEB - except
+		 * by the in-the-gaps method for which it is not a problem.
+		 */
+		freef = lp->free;
+		dirty = lp->dirty;
+	}
+
+	if (lp->free != freef || lp->dirty != dirty)
+		goto out_print;
+
+	if (is_idx && !(lp->flags & LPROPS_INDEX)) {
+		if (freef == c->leb_size)
+			/* Free but not unmapped LEB, it's fine */
+			is_idx = 0;
+		else {
+			ubifs_err("indexing node without indexing flag");
+			goto out_print;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!is_idx && (lp->flags & LPROPS_INDEX)) {
+		ubifs_err("data node with indexing flag");
+		goto out_print;
+	}
+
+	if (freef == c->leb_size)
+		lst->empty_lebs += 1;
+
+	if (is_idx)
+		lst->idx_lebs += 1;
+
+	if (!(lp->flags & LPROPS_INDEX))
+		lst->total_used += c->leb_size - freef - dirty;
+	lst->total_free += freef;
+	lst->total_dirty += dirty;
+
+	if (!(lp->flags & LPROPS_INDEX)) {
+		int spc = freef + dirty;
+
+		if (spc < c->dead_wm)
+			lst->total_dead += spc;
+		else
+			lst->total_dark += ubifs_calc_dark(c, spc);
+	}
+
+	ubifs_scan_destroy(sleb);
+	vfree(buf);
+	return LPT_SCAN_CONTINUE;
+
+out_print:
+	ubifs_err("bad accounting of LEB %d: free %d, dirty %d flags %#x, should be free %d, dirty %d",
+		  lnum, lp->free, lp->dirty, lp->flags, freef, dirty);
+	ubifs_dump_leb(c, lnum);
+out_destroy:
+	ubifs_scan_destroy(sleb);
+	ret = -EINVAL;
+out:
+	vfree(buf);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_check_lprops - check all LEB properties.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function checks all LEB properties and makes sure they are all correct.
+ * It returns zero if everything is fine, %-EINVAL if there is an inconsistency
+ * and other negative error codes in case of other errors. This function is
+ * called while the file system is locked (because of commit start), so no
+ * additional locking is required. Note that locking the LPT mutex would cause
+ * a circular lock dependency with the TNC mutex.
+ */
+int dbg_check_lprops(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int i, err;
+	struct ubifs_lp_stats lst;
+
+	if (!dbg_is_chk_lprops(c))
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * As we are going to scan the media, the write buffers have to be
+	 * synchronized.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < c->jhead_cnt; i++) {
+		err = ubifs_wbuf_sync(&c->jheads[i].wbuf);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	memset(&lst, 0, sizeof(struct ubifs_lp_stats));
+	err = ubifs_lpt_scan_nolock(c, c->main_first, c->leb_cnt - 1,
+				    (ubifs_lpt_scan_callback)scan_check_cb,
+				    &lst);
+	if (err && err != -ENOSPC)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (lst.empty_lebs != c->lst.empty_lebs ||
+	    lst.idx_lebs != c->lst.idx_lebs ||
+	    lst.total_free != c->lst.total_free ||
+	    lst.total_dirty != c->lst.total_dirty ||
+	    lst.total_used != c->lst.total_used) {
+		ubifs_err("bad overall accounting");
+		ubifs_err("calculated: empty_lebs %d, idx_lebs %d, total_free %lld, total_dirty %lld, total_used %lld",
+			  lst.empty_lebs, lst.idx_lebs, lst.total_free,
+			  lst.total_dirty, lst.total_used);
+		ubifs_err("read from lprops: empty_lebs %d, idx_lebs %d, total_free %lld, total_dirty %lld, total_used %lld",
+			  c->lst.empty_lebs, c->lst.idx_lebs, c->lst.total_free,
+			  c->lst.total_dirty, c->lst.total_used);
+		err = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (lst.total_dead != c->lst.total_dead ||
+	    lst.total_dark != c->lst.total_dark) {
+		ubifs_err("bad dead/dark space accounting");
+		ubifs_err("calculated: total_dead %lld, total_dark %lld",
+			  lst.total_dead, lst.total_dark);
+		ubifs_err("read from lprops: total_dead %lld, total_dark %lld",
+			  c->lst.total_dead, c->lst.total_dark);
+		err = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	err = dbg_check_cats(c);
+out:
+	return err;
+}
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/lpt.c b/fs/ubifs/lpt.c
index 1a50d4cc27..c49d3b0687 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/lpt.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/lpt.c
@@ -3,18 +3,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Nokia Corporation.
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
- * more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
- * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
- * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
  *
  * Authors: Adrian Hunter
  *          Artem Bityutskiy (Битюцкий Артём)
@@ -44,8 +33,17 @@
  */
 
 #include "ubifs.h"
-#include "crc16.h"
+#define __UBOOT__
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+#include <linux/crc16.h>
 #include <linux/math64.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#else
+#include <linux/compat.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <ubi_uboot.h>
+#include "crc16.h"
+#endif
 
 /**
  * do_calc_lpt_geom - calculate sizes for the LPT area.
@@ -159,6 +157,119 @@ int ubifs_calc_lpt_geom(struct ubifs_info *c)
 }
 
 /**
+ * calc_dflt_lpt_geom - calculate default LPT geometry.
+ * @c: the UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @main_lebs: number of main area LEBs is passed and returned here
+ * @big_lpt: whether the LPT area is "big" is returned here
+ *
+ * The size of the LPT area depends on parameters that themselves are dependent
+ * on the size of the LPT area. This function, successively recalculates the LPT
+ * area geometry until the parameters and resultant geometry are consistent.
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+static int calc_dflt_lpt_geom(struct ubifs_info *c, int *main_lebs,
+			      int *big_lpt)
+{
+	int i, lebs_needed;
+	long long sz;
+
+	/* Start by assuming the minimum number of LPT LEBs */
+	c->lpt_lebs = UBIFS_MIN_LPT_LEBS;
+	c->main_lebs = *main_lebs - c->lpt_lebs;
+	if (c->main_lebs <= 0)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	/* And assume we will use the small LPT model */
+	c->big_lpt = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Calculate the geometry based on assumptions above and then see if it
+	 * makes sense
+	 */
+	do_calc_lpt_geom(c);
+
+	/* Small LPT model must have lpt_sz < leb_size */
+	if (c->lpt_sz > c->leb_size) {
+		/* Nope, so try again using big LPT model */
+		c->big_lpt = 1;
+		do_calc_lpt_geom(c);
+	}
+
+	/* Now check there are enough LPT LEBs */
+	for (i = 0; i < 64 ; i++) {
+		sz = c->lpt_sz * 4; /* Allow 4 times the size */
+		lebs_needed = div_u64(sz + c->leb_size - 1, c->leb_size);
+		if (lebs_needed > c->lpt_lebs) {
+			/* Not enough LPT LEBs so try again with more */
+			c->lpt_lebs = lebs_needed;
+			c->main_lebs = *main_lebs - c->lpt_lebs;
+			if (c->main_lebs <= 0)
+				return -EINVAL;
+			do_calc_lpt_geom(c);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (c->ltab_sz > c->leb_size) {
+			ubifs_err("LPT ltab too big");
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		*main_lebs = c->main_lebs;
+		*big_lpt = c->big_lpt;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * pack_bits - pack bit fields end-to-end.
+ * @addr: address at which to pack (passed and next address returned)
+ * @pos: bit position at which to pack (passed and next position returned)
+ * @val: value to pack
+ * @nrbits: number of bits of value to pack (1-32)
+ */
+static void pack_bits(uint8_t **addr, int *pos, uint32_t val, int nrbits)
+{
+	uint8_t *p = *addr;
+	int b = *pos;
+
+	ubifs_assert(nrbits > 0);
+	ubifs_assert(nrbits <= 32);
+	ubifs_assert(*pos >= 0);
+	ubifs_assert(*pos < 8);
+	ubifs_assert((val >> nrbits) == 0 || nrbits == 32);
+	if (b) {
+		*p |= ((uint8_t)val) << b;
+		nrbits += b;
+		if (nrbits > 8) {
+			*++p = (uint8_t)(val >>= (8 - b));
+			if (nrbits > 16) {
+				*++p = (uint8_t)(val >>= 8);
+				if (nrbits > 24) {
+					*++p = (uint8_t)(val >>= 8);
+					if (nrbits > 32)
+						*++p = (uint8_t)(val >>= 8);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		*p = (uint8_t)val;
+		if (nrbits > 8) {
+			*++p = (uint8_t)(val >>= 8);
+			if (nrbits > 16) {
+				*++p = (uint8_t)(val >>= 8);
+				if (nrbits > 24)
+					*++p = (uint8_t)(val >>= 8);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	b = nrbits & 7;
+	if (b == 0)
+		p++;
+	*addr = p;
+	*pos = b;
+}
+
+/**
  * ubifs_unpack_bits - unpack bit fields.
  * @addr: address at which to unpack (passed and next address returned)
  * @pos: bit position at which to unpack (passed and next position returned)
@@ -228,6 +339,118 @@ uint32_t ubifs_unpack_bits(uint8_t **addr, int *pos, int nrbits)
 }
 
 /**
+ * ubifs_pack_pnode - pack all the bit fields of a pnode.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @buf: buffer into which to pack
+ * @pnode: pnode to pack
+ */
+void ubifs_pack_pnode(struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf,
+		      struct ubifs_pnode *pnode)
+{
+	uint8_t *addr = buf + UBIFS_LPT_CRC_BYTES;
+	int i, pos = 0;
+	uint16_t crc;
+
+	pack_bits(&addr, &pos, UBIFS_LPT_PNODE, UBIFS_LPT_TYPE_BITS);
+	if (c->big_lpt)
+		pack_bits(&addr, &pos, pnode->num, c->pcnt_bits);
+	for (i = 0; i < UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT; i++) {
+		pack_bits(&addr, &pos, pnode->lprops[i].free >> 3,
+			  c->space_bits);
+		pack_bits(&addr, &pos, pnode->lprops[i].dirty >> 3,
+			  c->space_bits);
+		if (pnode->lprops[i].flags & LPROPS_INDEX)
+			pack_bits(&addr, &pos, 1, 1);
+		else
+			pack_bits(&addr, &pos, 0, 1);
+	}
+	crc = crc16(-1, buf + UBIFS_LPT_CRC_BYTES,
+		    c->pnode_sz - UBIFS_LPT_CRC_BYTES);
+	addr = buf;
+	pos = 0;
+	pack_bits(&addr, &pos, crc, UBIFS_LPT_CRC_BITS);
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_pack_nnode - pack all the bit fields of a nnode.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @buf: buffer into which to pack
+ * @nnode: nnode to pack
+ */
+void ubifs_pack_nnode(struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf,
+		      struct ubifs_nnode *nnode)
+{
+	uint8_t *addr = buf + UBIFS_LPT_CRC_BYTES;
+	int i, pos = 0;
+	uint16_t crc;
+
+	pack_bits(&addr, &pos, UBIFS_LPT_NNODE, UBIFS_LPT_TYPE_BITS);
+	if (c->big_lpt)
+		pack_bits(&addr, &pos, nnode->num, c->pcnt_bits);
+	for (i = 0; i < UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT; i++) {
+		int lnum = nnode->nbranch[i].lnum;
+
+		if (lnum == 0)
+			lnum = c->lpt_last + 1;
+		pack_bits(&addr, &pos, lnum - c->lpt_first, c->lpt_lnum_bits);
+		pack_bits(&addr, &pos, nnode->nbranch[i].offs,
+			  c->lpt_offs_bits);
+	}
+	crc = crc16(-1, buf + UBIFS_LPT_CRC_BYTES,
+		    c->nnode_sz - UBIFS_LPT_CRC_BYTES);
+	addr = buf;
+	pos = 0;
+	pack_bits(&addr, &pos, crc, UBIFS_LPT_CRC_BITS);
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_pack_ltab - pack the LPT's own lprops table.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @buf: buffer into which to pack
+ * @ltab: LPT's own lprops table to pack
+ */
+void ubifs_pack_ltab(struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf,
+		     struct ubifs_lpt_lprops *ltab)
+{
+	uint8_t *addr = buf + UBIFS_LPT_CRC_BYTES;
+	int i, pos = 0;
+	uint16_t crc;
+
+	pack_bits(&addr, &pos, UBIFS_LPT_LTAB, UBIFS_LPT_TYPE_BITS);
+	for (i = 0; i < c->lpt_lebs; i++) {
+		pack_bits(&addr, &pos, ltab[i].free, c->lpt_spc_bits);
+		pack_bits(&addr, &pos, ltab[i].dirty, c->lpt_spc_bits);
+	}
+	crc = crc16(-1, buf + UBIFS_LPT_CRC_BYTES,
+		    c->ltab_sz - UBIFS_LPT_CRC_BYTES);
+	addr = buf;
+	pos = 0;
+	pack_bits(&addr, &pos, crc, UBIFS_LPT_CRC_BITS);
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_pack_lsave - pack the LPT's save table.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @buf: buffer into which to pack
+ * @lsave: LPT's save table to pack
+ */
+void ubifs_pack_lsave(struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf, int *lsave)
+{
+	uint8_t *addr = buf + UBIFS_LPT_CRC_BYTES;
+	int i, pos = 0;
+	uint16_t crc;
+
+	pack_bits(&addr, &pos, UBIFS_LPT_LSAVE, UBIFS_LPT_TYPE_BITS);
+	for (i = 0; i < c->lsave_cnt; i++)
+		pack_bits(&addr, &pos, lsave[i], c->lnum_bits);
+	crc = crc16(-1, buf + UBIFS_LPT_CRC_BYTES,
+		    c->lsave_sz - UBIFS_LPT_CRC_BYTES);
+	addr = buf;
+	pos = 0;
+	pack_bits(&addr, &pos, crc, UBIFS_LPT_CRC_BITS);
+}
+
+/**
  * ubifs_add_lpt_dirt - add dirty space to LPT LEB properties.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  * @lnum: LEB number to which to add dirty space
@@ -244,6 +467,23 @@ void ubifs_add_lpt_dirt(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int dirty)
 }
 
 /**
+ * set_ltab - set LPT LEB properties.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @lnum: LEB number
+ * @free: amount of free space
+ * @dirty: amount of dirty space
+ */
+static void set_ltab(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int free, int dirty)
+{
+	dbg_lp("LEB %d free %d dirty %d to %d %d",
+	       lnum, c->ltab[lnum - c->lpt_first].free,
+	       c->ltab[lnum - c->lpt_first].dirty, free, dirty);
+	ubifs_assert(lnum >= c->lpt_first && lnum <= c->lpt_last);
+	c->ltab[lnum - c->lpt_first].free = free;
+	c->ltab[lnum - c->lpt_first].dirty = dirty;
+}
+
+/**
  * ubifs_add_nnode_dirt - add dirty space to LPT LEB properties.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  * @nnode: nnode for which to add dirt
@@ -276,6 +516,31 @@ static void add_pnode_dirt(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_pnode *pnode)
 }
 
 /**
+ * calc_nnode_num - calculate nnode number.
+ * @row: the row in the tree (root is zero)
+ * @col: the column in the row (leftmost is zero)
+ *
+ * The nnode number is a number that uniquely identifies a nnode and can be used
+ * easily to traverse the tree from the root to that nnode.
+ *
+ * This function calculates and returns the nnode number for the nnode at @row
+ * and @col.
+ */
+static int calc_nnode_num(int row, int col)
+{
+	int num, bits;
+
+	num = 1;
+	while (row--) {
+		bits = (col & (UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT - 1));
+		col >>= UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT_SHIFT;
+		num <<= UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT_SHIFT;
+		num |= bits;
+	}
+	return num;
+}
+
+/**
  * calc_nnode_num_from_parent - calculate nnode number.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  * @parent: parent nnode
@@ -328,6 +593,269 @@ static int calc_pnode_num_from_parent(const struct ubifs_info *c,
 }
 
 /**
+ * ubifs_create_dflt_lpt - create default LPT.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @main_lebs: number of main area LEBs is passed and returned here
+ * @lpt_first: LEB number of first LPT LEB
+ * @lpt_lebs: number of LEBs for LPT is passed and returned here
+ * @big_lpt: use big LPT model is passed and returned here
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int ubifs_create_dflt_lpt(struct ubifs_info *c, int *main_lebs, int lpt_first,
+			  int *lpt_lebs, int *big_lpt)
+{
+	int lnum, err = 0, node_sz, iopos, i, j, cnt, len, alen, row;
+	int blnum, boffs, bsz, bcnt;
+	struct ubifs_pnode *pnode = NULL;
+	struct ubifs_nnode *nnode = NULL;
+	void *buf = NULL, *p;
+	struct ubifs_lpt_lprops *ltab = NULL;
+	int *lsave = NULL;
+
+	err = calc_dflt_lpt_geom(c, main_lebs, big_lpt);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+	*lpt_lebs = c->lpt_lebs;
+
+	/* Needed by 'ubifs_pack_nnode()' and 'set_ltab()' */
+	c->lpt_first = lpt_first;
+	/* Needed by 'set_ltab()' */
+	c->lpt_last = lpt_first + c->lpt_lebs - 1;
+	/* Needed by 'ubifs_pack_lsave()' */
+	c->main_first = c->leb_cnt - *main_lebs;
+
+	lsave = kmalloc(sizeof(int) * c->lsave_cnt, GFP_KERNEL);
+	pnode = kzalloc(sizeof(struct ubifs_pnode), GFP_KERNEL);
+	nnode = kzalloc(sizeof(struct ubifs_nnode), GFP_KERNEL);
+	buf = vmalloc(c->leb_size);
+	ltab = vmalloc(sizeof(struct ubifs_lpt_lprops) * c->lpt_lebs);
+	if (!pnode || !nnode || !buf || !ltab || !lsave) {
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	ubifs_assert(!c->ltab);
+	c->ltab = ltab; /* Needed by set_ltab */
+
+	/* Initialize LPT's own lprops */
+	for (i = 0; i < c->lpt_lebs; i++) {
+		ltab[i].free = c->leb_size;
+		ltab[i].dirty = 0;
+		ltab[i].tgc = 0;
+		ltab[i].cmt = 0;
+	}
+
+	lnum = lpt_first;
+	p = buf;
+	/* Number of leaf nodes (pnodes) */
+	cnt = c->pnode_cnt;
+
+	/*
+	 * The first pnode contains the LEB properties for the LEBs that contain
+	 * the root inode node and the root index node of the index tree.
+	 */
+	node_sz = ALIGN(ubifs_idx_node_sz(c, 1), 8);
+	iopos = ALIGN(node_sz, c->min_io_size);
+	pnode->lprops[0].free = c->leb_size - iopos;
+	pnode->lprops[0].dirty = iopos - node_sz;
+	pnode->lprops[0].flags = LPROPS_INDEX;
+
+	node_sz = UBIFS_INO_NODE_SZ;
+	iopos = ALIGN(node_sz, c->min_io_size);
+	pnode->lprops[1].free = c->leb_size - iopos;
+	pnode->lprops[1].dirty = iopos - node_sz;
+
+	for (i = 2; i < UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT; i++)
+		pnode->lprops[i].free = c->leb_size;
+
+	/* Add first pnode */
+	ubifs_pack_pnode(c, p, pnode);
+	p += c->pnode_sz;
+	len = c->pnode_sz;
+	pnode->num += 1;
+
+	/* Reset pnode values for remaining pnodes */
+	pnode->lprops[0].free = c->leb_size;
+	pnode->lprops[0].dirty = 0;
+	pnode->lprops[0].flags = 0;
+
+	pnode->lprops[1].free = c->leb_size;
+	pnode->lprops[1].dirty = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * To calculate the internal node branches, we keep information about
+	 * the level below.
+	 */
+	blnum = lnum; /* LEB number of level below */
+	boffs = 0; /* Offset of level below */
+	bcnt = cnt; /* Number of nodes in level below */
+	bsz = c->pnode_sz; /* Size of nodes in level below */
+
+	/* Add all remaining pnodes */
+	for (i = 1; i < cnt; i++) {
+		if (len + c->pnode_sz > c->leb_size) {
+			alen = ALIGN(len, c->min_io_size);
+			set_ltab(c, lnum, c->leb_size - alen, alen - len);
+			memset(p, 0xff, alen - len);
+			err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum++, buf, alen);
+			if (err)
+				goto out;
+			p = buf;
+			len = 0;
+		}
+		ubifs_pack_pnode(c, p, pnode);
+		p += c->pnode_sz;
+		len += c->pnode_sz;
+		/*
+		 * pnodes are simply numbered left to right starting at zero,
+		 * which means the pnode number can be used easily to traverse
+		 * down the tree to the corresponding pnode.
+		 */
+		pnode->num += 1;
+	}
+
+	row = 0;
+	for (i = UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT; cnt > i; i <<= UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT_SHIFT)
+		row += 1;
+	/* Add all nnodes, one level at a time */
+	while (1) {
+		/* Number of internal nodes (nnodes) at next level */
+		cnt = DIV_ROUND_UP(cnt, UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT);
+		for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
+			if (len + c->nnode_sz > c->leb_size) {
+				alen = ALIGN(len, c->min_io_size);
+				set_ltab(c, lnum, c->leb_size - alen,
+					    alen - len);
+				memset(p, 0xff, alen - len);
+				err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum++, buf, alen);
+				if (err)
+					goto out;
+				p = buf;
+				len = 0;
+			}
+			/* Only 1 nnode at this level, so it is the root */
+			if (cnt == 1) {
+				c->lpt_lnum = lnum;
+				c->lpt_offs = len;
+			}
+			/* Set branches to the level below */
+			for (j = 0; j < UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT; j++) {
+				if (bcnt) {
+					if (boffs + bsz > c->leb_size) {
+						blnum += 1;
+						boffs = 0;
+					}
+					nnode->nbranch[j].lnum = blnum;
+					nnode->nbranch[j].offs = boffs;
+					boffs += bsz;
+					bcnt--;
+				} else {
+					nnode->nbranch[j].lnum = 0;
+					nnode->nbranch[j].offs = 0;
+				}
+			}
+			nnode->num = calc_nnode_num(row, i);
+			ubifs_pack_nnode(c, p, nnode);
+			p += c->nnode_sz;
+			len += c->nnode_sz;
+		}
+		/* Only 1 nnode at this level, so it is the root */
+		if (cnt == 1)
+			break;
+		/* Update the information about the level below */
+		bcnt = cnt;
+		bsz = c->nnode_sz;
+		row -= 1;
+	}
+
+	if (*big_lpt) {
+		/* Need to add LPT's save table */
+		if (len + c->lsave_sz > c->leb_size) {
+			alen = ALIGN(len, c->min_io_size);
+			set_ltab(c, lnum, c->leb_size - alen, alen - len);
+			memset(p, 0xff, alen - len);
+			err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum++, buf, alen);
+			if (err)
+				goto out;
+			p = buf;
+			len = 0;
+		}
+
+		c->lsave_lnum = lnum;
+		c->lsave_offs = len;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < c->lsave_cnt && i < *main_lebs; i++)
+			lsave[i] = c->main_first + i;
+		for (; i < c->lsave_cnt; i++)
+			lsave[i] = c->main_first;
+
+		ubifs_pack_lsave(c, p, lsave);
+		p += c->lsave_sz;
+		len += c->lsave_sz;
+	}
+
+	/* Need to add LPT's own LEB properties table */
+	if (len + c->ltab_sz > c->leb_size) {
+		alen = ALIGN(len, c->min_io_size);
+		set_ltab(c, lnum, c->leb_size - alen, alen - len);
+		memset(p, 0xff, alen - len);
+		err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum++, buf, alen);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+		p = buf;
+		len = 0;
+	}
+
+	c->ltab_lnum = lnum;
+	c->ltab_offs = len;
+
+	/* Update ltab before packing it */
+	len += c->ltab_sz;
+	alen = ALIGN(len, c->min_io_size);
+	set_ltab(c, lnum, c->leb_size - alen, alen - len);
+
+	ubifs_pack_ltab(c, p, ltab);
+	p += c->ltab_sz;
+
+	/* Write remaining buffer */
+	memset(p, 0xff, alen - len);
+	err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum, buf, alen);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	c->nhead_lnum = lnum;
+	c->nhead_offs = ALIGN(len, c->min_io_size);
+
+	dbg_lp("space_bits %d", c->space_bits);
+	dbg_lp("lpt_lnum_bits %d", c->lpt_lnum_bits);
+	dbg_lp("lpt_offs_bits %d", c->lpt_offs_bits);
+	dbg_lp("lpt_spc_bits %d", c->lpt_spc_bits);
+	dbg_lp("pcnt_bits %d", c->pcnt_bits);
+	dbg_lp("lnum_bits %d", c->lnum_bits);
+	dbg_lp("pnode_sz %d", c->pnode_sz);
+	dbg_lp("nnode_sz %d", c->nnode_sz);
+	dbg_lp("ltab_sz %d", c->ltab_sz);
+	dbg_lp("lsave_sz %d", c->lsave_sz);
+	dbg_lp("lsave_cnt %d", c->lsave_cnt);
+	dbg_lp("lpt_hght %d", c->lpt_hght);
+	dbg_lp("big_lpt %d", c->big_lpt);
+	dbg_lp("LPT root is at %d:%d", c->lpt_lnum, c->lpt_offs);
+	dbg_lp("LPT head is at %d:%d", c->nhead_lnum, c->nhead_offs);
+	dbg_lp("LPT ltab is at %d:%d", c->ltab_lnum, c->ltab_offs);
+	if (c->big_lpt)
+		dbg_lp("LPT lsave is at %d:%d", c->lsave_lnum, c->lsave_offs);
+out:
+	c->ltab = NULL;
+	kfree(lsave);
+	vfree(ltab);
+	vfree(buf);
+	kfree(nnode);
+	kfree(pnode);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
  * update_cats - add LEB properties of a pnode to LEB category lists and heaps.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  * @pnode: pnode
@@ -392,7 +920,7 @@ static int check_lpt_crc(void *buf, int len)
 	if (crc != calc_crc) {
 		ubifs_err("invalid crc in LPT node: crc %hx calc %hx", crc,
 			  calc_crc);
-		dbg_dump_stack();
+		dump_stack();
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -415,7 +943,7 @@ static int check_lpt_type(uint8_t **addr, int *pos, int type)
 	if (node_type != type) {
 		ubifs_err("invalid type (%d) in LPT node type %d", node_type,
 			  type);
-		dbg_dump_stack();
+		dump_stack();
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -524,6 +1052,34 @@ static int unpack_ltab(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf)
 	return err;
 }
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/**
+ * unpack_lsave - unpack the LPT's save table.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @buf: buffer from which to unpack
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+static int unpack_lsave(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf)
+{
+	uint8_t *addr = buf + UBIFS_LPT_CRC_BYTES;
+	int i, pos = 0, err;
+
+	err = check_lpt_type(&addr, &pos, UBIFS_LPT_LSAVE);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+	for (i = 0; i < c->lsave_cnt; i++) {
+		int lnum = ubifs_unpack_bits(&addr, &pos, c->lnum_bits);
+
+		if (lnum < c->main_first || lnum >= c->leb_cnt)
+			return -EINVAL;
+		c->lsave[i] = lnum;
+	}
+	err = check_lpt_crc(buf, c->lsave_sz);
+	return err;
+}
+#endif
+
 /**
  * validate_nnode - validate a nnode.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
@@ -662,7 +1218,7 @@ int ubifs_read_nnode(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_nnode *parent, int iip)
 		if (c->big_lpt)
 			nnode->num = calc_nnode_num_from_parent(c, parent, iip);
 	} else {
-		err = ubi_read(c->ubi, lnum, buf, offs, c->nnode_sz);
+		err = ubifs_leb_read(c, lnum, buf, offs, c->nnode_sz, 1);
 		if (err)
 			goto out;
 		err = ubifs_unpack_nnode(c, buf, nnode);
@@ -687,6 +1243,7 @@ int ubifs_read_nnode(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_nnode *parent, int iip)
 
 out:
 	ubifs_err("error %d reading nnode at %d:%d", err, lnum, offs);
+	dump_stack();
 	kfree(nnode);
 	return err;
 }
@@ -710,10 +1267,9 @@ static int read_pnode(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_nnode *parent, int iip)
 	lnum = branch->lnum;
 	offs = branch->offs;
 	pnode = kzalloc(sizeof(struct ubifs_pnode), GFP_NOFS);
-	if (!pnode) {
-		err = -ENOMEM;
-		goto out;
-	}
+	if (!pnode)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
 	if (lnum == 0) {
 		/*
 		 * This pnode was not written which just means that the LEB
@@ -731,7 +1287,7 @@ static int read_pnode(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_nnode *parent, int iip)
 			lprops->flags = ubifs_categorize_lprops(c, lprops);
 		}
 	} else {
-		err = ubi_read(c->ubi, lnum, buf, offs, c->pnode_sz);
+		err = ubifs_leb_read(c, lnum, buf, offs, c->pnode_sz, 1);
 		if (err)
 			goto out;
 		err = unpack_pnode(c, buf, pnode);
@@ -752,8 +1308,9 @@ static int read_pnode(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_nnode *parent, int iip)
 
 out:
 	ubifs_err("error %d reading pnode at %d:%d", err, lnum, offs);
-	dbg_dump_pnode(c, pnode, parent, iip);
-	dbg_msg("calc num: %d", calc_pnode_num_from_parent(c, parent, iip));
+	ubifs_dump_pnode(c, pnode, parent, iip);
+	dump_stack();
+	ubifs_err("calc num: %d", calc_pnode_num_from_parent(c, parent, iip));
 	kfree(pnode);
 	return err;
 }
@@ -772,7 +1329,7 @@ static int read_ltab(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	buf = vmalloc(c->ltab_sz);
 	if (!buf)
 		return -ENOMEM;
-	err = ubi_read(c->ubi, c->ltab_lnum, buf, c->ltab_offs, c->ltab_sz);
+	err = ubifs_leb_read(c, c->ltab_lnum, buf, c->ltab_offs, c->ltab_sz, 1);
 	if (err)
 		goto out;
 	err = unpack_ltab(c, buf);
@@ -781,6 +1338,50 @@ out:
 	return err;
 }
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/**
+ * read_lsave - read LPT's save table.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+static int read_lsave(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int err, i;
+	void *buf;
+
+	buf = vmalloc(c->lsave_sz);
+	if (!buf)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	err = ubifs_leb_read(c, c->lsave_lnum, buf, c->lsave_offs,
+			     c->lsave_sz, 1);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+	err = unpack_lsave(c, buf);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+	for (i = 0; i < c->lsave_cnt; i++) {
+		int lnum = c->lsave[i];
+		struct ubifs_lprops *lprops;
+
+		/*
+		 * Due to automatic resizing, the values in the lsave table
+		 * could be beyond the volume size - just ignore them.
+		 */
+		if (lnum >= c->leb_cnt)
+			continue;
+		lprops = ubifs_lpt_lookup(c, lnum);
+		if (IS_ERR(lprops)) {
+			err = PTR_ERR(lprops);
+			goto out;
+		}
+	}
+out:
+	vfree(buf);
+	return err;
+}
+#endif
+
 /**
  * ubifs_get_nnode - get a nnode.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
@@ -861,13 +1462,13 @@ struct ubifs_lprops *ubifs_lpt_lookup(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum)
 		shft -= UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT_SHIFT;
 		nnode = ubifs_get_nnode(c, nnode, iip);
 		if (IS_ERR(nnode))
-			return ERR_PTR(PTR_ERR(nnode));
+			return ERR_CAST(nnode);
 	}
 	iip = ((i >> shft) & (UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT - 1));
 	shft -= UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT_SHIFT;
 	pnode = ubifs_get_pnode(c, nnode, iip);
 	if (IS_ERR(pnode))
-		return ERR_PTR(PTR_ERR(pnode));
+		return ERR_CAST(pnode);
 	iip = (i & (UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT - 1));
 	dbg_lp("LEB %d, free %d, dirty %d, flags %d", lnum,
 	       pnode->lprops[iip].free, pnode->lprops[iip].dirty,
@@ -990,7 +1591,7 @@ struct ubifs_lprops *ubifs_lpt_lookup_dirty(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum)
 	nnode = c->nroot;
 	nnode = dirty_cow_nnode(c, nnode);
 	if (IS_ERR(nnode))
-		return ERR_PTR(PTR_ERR(nnode));
+		return ERR_CAST(nnode);
 	i = lnum - c->main_first;
 	shft = c->lpt_hght * UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT_SHIFT;
 	for (h = 1; h < c->lpt_hght; h++) {
@@ -998,19 +1599,19 @@ struct ubifs_lprops *ubifs_lpt_lookup_dirty(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum)
 		shft -= UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT_SHIFT;
 		nnode = ubifs_get_nnode(c, nnode, iip);
 		if (IS_ERR(nnode))
-			return ERR_PTR(PTR_ERR(nnode));
+			return ERR_CAST(nnode);
 		nnode = dirty_cow_nnode(c, nnode);
 		if (IS_ERR(nnode))
-			return ERR_PTR(PTR_ERR(nnode));
+			return ERR_CAST(nnode);
 	}
 	iip = ((i >> shft) & (UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT - 1));
 	shft -= UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT_SHIFT;
 	pnode = ubifs_get_pnode(c, nnode, iip);
 	if (IS_ERR(pnode))
-		return ERR_PTR(PTR_ERR(pnode));
+		return ERR_CAST(pnode);
 	pnode = dirty_cow_pnode(c, pnode);
 	if (IS_ERR(pnode))
-		return ERR_PTR(PTR_ERR(pnode));
+		return ERR_CAST(pnode);
 	iip = (i & (UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT - 1));
 	dbg_lp("LEB %d, free %d, dirty %d, flags %d", lnum,
 	       pnode->lprops[iip].free, pnode->lprops[iip].dirty,
@@ -1079,6 +1680,47 @@ static int lpt_init_rd(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/**
+ * lpt_init_wr - initialize the LPT for writing.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * 'lpt_init_rd()' must have been called already.
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+static int lpt_init_wr(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int err, i;
+
+	c->ltab_cmt = vmalloc(sizeof(struct ubifs_lpt_lprops) * c->lpt_lebs);
+	if (!c->ltab_cmt)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	c->lpt_buf = vmalloc(c->leb_size);
+	if (!c->lpt_buf)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	if (c->big_lpt) {
+		c->lsave = kmalloc(sizeof(int) * c->lsave_cnt, GFP_NOFS);
+		if (!c->lsave)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		err = read_lsave(c);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < c->lpt_lebs; i++)
+		if (c->ltab[i].free == c->leb_size) {
+			err = ubifs_leb_unmap(c, i + c->lpt_first);
+			if (err)
+				return err;
+		}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
 /**
  * ubifs_lpt_init - initialize the LPT.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
@@ -1098,8 +1740,546 @@ int ubifs_lpt_init(struct ubifs_info *c, int rd, int wr)
 	if (rd) {
 		err = lpt_init_rd(c);
 		if (err)
+			goto out_err;
+	}
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	if (wr) {
+		err = lpt_init_wr(c);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_err;
+	}
+#endif
+
+	return 0;
+
+out_err:
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	if (wr)
+		ubifs_lpt_free(c, 1);
+#endif
+	if (rd)
+		ubifs_lpt_free(c, 0);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * struct lpt_scan_node - somewhere to put nodes while we scan LPT.
+ * @nnode: where to keep a nnode
+ * @pnode: where to keep a pnode
+ * @cnode: where to keep a cnode
+ * @in_tree: is the node in the tree in memory
+ * @ptr.nnode: pointer to the nnode (if it is an nnode) which may be here or in
+ * the tree
+ * @ptr.pnode: ditto for pnode
+ * @ptr.cnode: ditto for cnode
+ */
+struct lpt_scan_node {
+	union {
+		struct ubifs_nnode nnode;
+		struct ubifs_pnode pnode;
+		struct ubifs_cnode cnode;
+	};
+	int in_tree;
+	union {
+		struct ubifs_nnode *nnode;
+		struct ubifs_pnode *pnode;
+		struct ubifs_cnode *cnode;
+	} ptr;
+};
+
+/**
+ * scan_get_nnode - for the scan, get a nnode from either the tree or flash.
+ * @c: the UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @path: where to put the nnode
+ * @parent: parent of the nnode
+ * @iip: index in parent of the nnode
+ *
+ * This function returns a pointer to the nnode on success or a negative error
+ * code on failure.
+ */
+static struct ubifs_nnode *scan_get_nnode(struct ubifs_info *c,
+					  struct lpt_scan_node *path,
+					  struct ubifs_nnode *parent, int iip)
+{
+	struct ubifs_nbranch *branch;
+	struct ubifs_nnode *nnode;
+	void *buf = c->lpt_nod_buf;
+	int err;
+
+	branch = &parent->nbranch[iip];
+	nnode = branch->nnode;
+	if (nnode) {
+		path->in_tree = 1;
+		path->ptr.nnode = nnode;
+		return nnode;
+	}
+	nnode = &path->nnode;
+	path->in_tree = 0;
+	path->ptr.nnode = nnode;
+	memset(nnode, 0, sizeof(struct ubifs_nnode));
+	if (branch->lnum == 0) {
+		/*
+		 * This nnode was not written which just means that the LEB
+		 * properties in the subtree below it describe empty LEBs. We
+		 * make the nnode as though we had read it, which in fact means
+		 * doing almost nothing.
+		 */
+		if (c->big_lpt)
+			nnode->num = calc_nnode_num_from_parent(c, parent, iip);
+	} else {
+		err = ubifs_leb_read(c, branch->lnum, buf, branch->offs,
+				     c->nnode_sz, 1);
+		if (err)
+			return ERR_PTR(err);
+		err = ubifs_unpack_nnode(c, buf, nnode);
+		if (err)
+			return ERR_PTR(err);
+	}
+	err = validate_nnode(c, nnode, parent, iip);
+	if (err)
+		return ERR_PTR(err);
+	if (!c->big_lpt)
+		nnode->num = calc_nnode_num_from_parent(c, parent, iip);
+	nnode->level = parent->level - 1;
+	nnode->parent = parent;
+	nnode->iip = iip;
+	return nnode;
+}
+
+/**
+ * scan_get_pnode - for the scan, get a pnode from either the tree or flash.
+ * @c: the UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @path: where to put the pnode
+ * @parent: parent of the pnode
+ * @iip: index in parent of the pnode
+ *
+ * This function returns a pointer to the pnode on success or a negative error
+ * code on failure.
+ */
+static struct ubifs_pnode *scan_get_pnode(struct ubifs_info *c,
+					  struct lpt_scan_node *path,
+					  struct ubifs_nnode *parent, int iip)
+{
+	struct ubifs_nbranch *branch;
+	struct ubifs_pnode *pnode;
+	void *buf = c->lpt_nod_buf;
+	int err;
+
+	branch = &parent->nbranch[iip];
+	pnode = branch->pnode;
+	if (pnode) {
+		path->in_tree = 1;
+		path->ptr.pnode = pnode;
+		return pnode;
+	}
+	pnode = &path->pnode;
+	path->in_tree = 0;
+	path->ptr.pnode = pnode;
+	memset(pnode, 0, sizeof(struct ubifs_pnode));
+	if (branch->lnum == 0) {
+		/*
+		 * This pnode was not written which just means that the LEB
+		 * properties in it describe empty LEBs. We make the pnode as
+		 * though we had read it.
+		 */
+		int i;
+
+		if (c->big_lpt)
+			pnode->num = calc_pnode_num_from_parent(c, parent, iip);
+		for (i = 0; i < UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT; i++) {
+			struct ubifs_lprops * const lprops = &pnode->lprops[i];
+
+			lprops->free = c->leb_size;
+			lprops->flags = ubifs_categorize_lprops(c, lprops);
+		}
+	} else {
+		ubifs_assert(branch->lnum >= c->lpt_first &&
+			     branch->lnum <= c->lpt_last);
+		ubifs_assert(branch->offs >= 0 && branch->offs < c->leb_size);
+		err = ubifs_leb_read(c, branch->lnum, buf, branch->offs,
+				     c->pnode_sz, 1);
+		if (err)
+			return ERR_PTR(err);
+		err = unpack_pnode(c, buf, pnode);
+		if (err)
+			return ERR_PTR(err);
+	}
+	err = validate_pnode(c, pnode, parent, iip);
+	if (err)
+		return ERR_PTR(err);
+	if (!c->big_lpt)
+		pnode->num = calc_pnode_num_from_parent(c, parent, iip);
+	pnode->parent = parent;
+	pnode->iip = iip;
+	set_pnode_lnum(c, pnode);
+	return pnode;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_lpt_scan_nolock - scan the LPT.
+ * @c: the UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @start_lnum: LEB number from which to start scanning
+ * @end_lnum: LEB number at which to stop scanning
+ * @scan_cb: callback function called for each lprops
+ * @data: data to be passed to the callback function
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int ubifs_lpt_scan_nolock(struct ubifs_info *c, int start_lnum, int end_lnum,
+			  ubifs_lpt_scan_callback scan_cb, void *data)
+{
+	int err = 0, i, h, iip, shft;
+	struct ubifs_nnode *nnode;
+	struct ubifs_pnode *pnode;
+	struct lpt_scan_node *path;
+
+	if (start_lnum == -1) {
+		start_lnum = end_lnum + 1;
+		if (start_lnum >= c->leb_cnt)
+			start_lnum = c->main_first;
+	}
+
+	ubifs_assert(start_lnum >= c->main_first && start_lnum < c->leb_cnt);
+	ubifs_assert(end_lnum >= c->main_first && end_lnum < c->leb_cnt);
+
+	if (!c->nroot) {
+		err = ubifs_read_nnode(c, NULL, 0);
+		if (err)
 			return err;
 	}
 
+	path = kmalloc(sizeof(struct lpt_scan_node) * (c->lpt_hght + 1),
+		       GFP_NOFS);
+	if (!path)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	path[0].ptr.nnode = c->nroot;
+	path[0].in_tree = 1;
+again:
+	/* Descend to the pnode containing start_lnum */
+	nnode = c->nroot;
+	i = start_lnum - c->main_first;
+	shft = c->lpt_hght * UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT_SHIFT;
+	for (h = 1; h < c->lpt_hght; h++) {
+		iip = ((i >> shft) & (UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT - 1));
+		shft -= UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT_SHIFT;
+		nnode = scan_get_nnode(c, path + h, nnode, iip);
+		if (IS_ERR(nnode)) {
+			err = PTR_ERR(nnode);
+			goto out;
+		}
+	}
+	iip = ((i >> shft) & (UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT - 1));
+	shft -= UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT_SHIFT;
+	pnode = scan_get_pnode(c, path + h, nnode, iip);
+	if (IS_ERR(pnode)) {
+		err = PTR_ERR(pnode);
+		goto out;
+	}
+	iip = (i & (UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT - 1));
+
+	/* Loop for each lprops */
+	while (1) {
+		struct ubifs_lprops *lprops = &pnode->lprops[iip];
+		int ret, lnum = lprops->lnum;
+
+		ret = scan_cb(c, lprops, path[h].in_tree, data);
+		if (ret < 0) {
+			err = ret;
+			goto out;
+		}
+		if (ret & LPT_SCAN_ADD) {
+			/* Add all the nodes in path to the tree in memory */
+			for (h = 1; h < c->lpt_hght; h++) {
+				const size_t sz = sizeof(struct ubifs_nnode);
+				struct ubifs_nnode *parent;
+
+				if (path[h].in_tree)
+					continue;
+				nnode = kmemdup(&path[h].nnode, sz, GFP_NOFS);
+				if (!nnode) {
+					err = -ENOMEM;
+					goto out;
+				}
+				parent = nnode->parent;
+				parent->nbranch[nnode->iip].nnode = nnode;
+				path[h].ptr.nnode = nnode;
+				path[h].in_tree = 1;
+				path[h + 1].cnode.parent = nnode;
+			}
+			if (path[h].in_tree)
+				ubifs_ensure_cat(c, lprops);
+			else {
+				const size_t sz = sizeof(struct ubifs_pnode);
+				struct ubifs_nnode *parent;
+
+				pnode = kmemdup(&path[h].pnode, sz, GFP_NOFS);
+				if (!pnode) {
+					err = -ENOMEM;
+					goto out;
+				}
+				parent = pnode->parent;
+				parent->nbranch[pnode->iip].pnode = pnode;
+				path[h].ptr.pnode = pnode;
+				path[h].in_tree = 1;
+				update_cats(c, pnode);
+				c->pnodes_have += 1;
+			}
+			err = dbg_check_lpt_nodes(c, (struct ubifs_cnode *)
+						  c->nroot, 0, 0);
+			if (err)
+				goto out;
+			err = dbg_check_cats(c);
+			if (err)
+				goto out;
+		}
+		if (ret & LPT_SCAN_STOP) {
+			err = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+		/* Get the next lprops */
+		if (lnum == end_lnum) {
+			/*
+			 * We got to the end without finding what we were
+			 * looking for
+			 */
+			err = -ENOSPC;
+			goto out;
+		}
+		if (lnum + 1 >= c->leb_cnt) {
+			/* Wrap-around to the beginning */
+			start_lnum = c->main_first;
+			goto again;
+		}
+		if (iip + 1 < UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT) {
+			/* Next lprops is in the same pnode */
+			iip += 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		/* We need to get the next pnode. Go up until we can go right */
+		iip = pnode->iip;
+		while (1) {
+			h -= 1;
+			ubifs_assert(h >= 0);
+			nnode = path[h].ptr.nnode;
+			if (iip + 1 < UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT)
+				break;
+			iip = nnode->iip;
+		}
+		/* Go right */
+		iip += 1;
+		/* Descend to the pnode */
+		h += 1;
+		for (; h < c->lpt_hght; h++) {
+			nnode = scan_get_nnode(c, path + h, nnode, iip);
+			if (IS_ERR(nnode)) {
+				err = PTR_ERR(nnode);
+				goto out;
+			}
+			iip = 0;
+		}
+		pnode = scan_get_pnode(c, path + h, nnode, iip);
+		if (IS_ERR(pnode)) {
+			err = PTR_ERR(pnode);
+			goto out;
+		}
+		iip = 0;
+	}
+out:
+	kfree(path);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_chk_pnode - check a pnode.
+ * @c: the UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @pnode: pnode to check
+ * @col: pnode column
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+static int dbg_chk_pnode(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_pnode *pnode,
+			 int col)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (pnode->num != col) {
+		ubifs_err("pnode num %d expected %d parent num %d iip %d",
+			  pnode->num, col, pnode->parent->num, pnode->iip);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT; i++) {
+		struct ubifs_lprops *lp, *lprops = &pnode->lprops[i];
+		int lnum = (pnode->num << UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT_SHIFT) + i +
+			   c->main_first;
+		int found, cat = lprops->flags & LPROPS_CAT_MASK;
+		struct ubifs_lpt_heap *heap;
+		struct list_head *list = NULL;
+
+		if (lnum >= c->leb_cnt)
+			continue;
+		if (lprops->lnum != lnum) {
+			ubifs_err("bad LEB number %d expected %d",
+				  lprops->lnum, lnum);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		if (lprops->flags & LPROPS_TAKEN) {
+			if (cat != LPROPS_UNCAT) {
+				ubifs_err("LEB %d taken but not uncat %d",
+					  lprops->lnum, cat);
+				return -EINVAL;
+			}
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (lprops->flags & LPROPS_INDEX) {
+			switch (cat) {
+			case LPROPS_UNCAT:
+			case LPROPS_DIRTY_IDX:
+			case LPROPS_FRDI_IDX:
+				break;
+			default:
+				ubifs_err("LEB %d index but cat %d",
+					  lprops->lnum, cat);
+				return -EINVAL;
+			}
+		} else {
+			switch (cat) {
+			case LPROPS_UNCAT:
+			case LPROPS_DIRTY:
+			case LPROPS_FREE:
+			case LPROPS_EMPTY:
+			case LPROPS_FREEABLE:
+				break;
+			default:
+				ubifs_err("LEB %d not index but cat %d",
+					  lprops->lnum, cat);
+				return -EINVAL;
+			}
+		}
+		switch (cat) {
+		case LPROPS_UNCAT:
+			list = &c->uncat_list;
+			break;
+		case LPROPS_EMPTY:
+			list = &c->empty_list;
+			break;
+		case LPROPS_FREEABLE:
+			list = &c->freeable_list;
+			break;
+		case LPROPS_FRDI_IDX:
+			list = &c->frdi_idx_list;
+			break;
+		}
+		found = 0;
+		switch (cat) {
+		case LPROPS_DIRTY:
+		case LPROPS_DIRTY_IDX:
+		case LPROPS_FREE:
+			heap = &c->lpt_heap[cat - 1];
+			if (lprops->hpos < heap->cnt &&
+			    heap->arr[lprops->hpos] == lprops)
+				found = 1;
+			break;
+		case LPROPS_UNCAT:
+		case LPROPS_EMPTY:
+		case LPROPS_FREEABLE:
+		case LPROPS_FRDI_IDX:
+			list_for_each_entry(lp, list, list)
+				if (lprops == lp) {
+					found = 1;
+					break;
+				}
+			break;
+		}
+		if (!found) {
+			ubifs_err("LEB %d cat %d not found in cat heap/list",
+				  lprops->lnum, cat);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		switch (cat) {
+		case LPROPS_EMPTY:
+			if (lprops->free != c->leb_size) {
+				ubifs_err("LEB %d cat %d free %d dirty %d",
+					  lprops->lnum, cat, lprops->free,
+					  lprops->dirty);
+				return -EINVAL;
+			}
+		case LPROPS_FREEABLE:
+		case LPROPS_FRDI_IDX:
+			if (lprops->free + lprops->dirty != c->leb_size) {
+				ubifs_err("LEB %d cat %d free %d dirty %d",
+					  lprops->lnum, cat, lprops->free,
+					  lprops->dirty);
+				return -EINVAL;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_check_lpt_nodes - check nnodes and pnodes.
+ * @c: the UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @cnode: next cnode (nnode or pnode) to check
+ * @row: row of cnode (root is zero)
+ * @col: column of cnode (leftmost is zero)
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int dbg_check_lpt_nodes(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_cnode *cnode,
+			int row, int col)
+{
+	struct ubifs_nnode *nnode, *nn;
+	struct ubifs_cnode *cn;
+	int num, iip = 0, err;
+
+	if (!dbg_is_chk_lprops(c))
+		return 0;
+
+	while (cnode) {
+		ubifs_assert(row >= 0);
+		nnode = cnode->parent;
+		if (cnode->level) {
+			/* cnode is a nnode */
+			num = calc_nnode_num(row, col);
+			if (cnode->num != num) {
+				ubifs_err("nnode num %d expected %d parent num %d iip %d",
+					  cnode->num, num,
+					  (nnode ? nnode->num : 0), cnode->iip);
+				return -EINVAL;
+			}
+			nn = (struct ubifs_nnode *)cnode;
+			while (iip < UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT) {
+				cn = nn->nbranch[iip].cnode;
+				if (cn) {
+					/* Go down */
+					row += 1;
+					col <<= UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT_SHIFT;
+					col += iip;
+					iip = 0;
+					cnode = cn;
+					break;
+				}
+				/* Go right */
+				iip += 1;
+			}
+			if (iip < UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT)
+				continue;
+		} else {
+			struct ubifs_pnode *pnode;
+
+			/* cnode is a pnode */
+			pnode = (struct ubifs_pnode *)cnode;
+			err = dbg_chk_pnode(c, pnode, col);
+			if (err)
+				return err;
+		}
+		/* Go up and to the right */
+		row -= 1;
+		col >>= UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT_SHIFT;
+		iip = cnode->iip + 1;
+		cnode = (struct ubifs_cnode *)nnode;
+	}
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/lpt_commit.c b/fs/ubifs/lpt_commit.c
index c0af8187ac..cad422e066 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/lpt_commit.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/lpt_commit.c
@@ -3,18 +3,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Nokia Corporation.
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
- * more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
- * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
- * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
  *
  * Authors: Adrian Hunter
  *          Artem Bityutskiy (Битюцкий Артём)
@@ -25,9 +14,1284 @@
  * subsystem.
  */
 
+#define __UBOOT__
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+#include <linux/crc16.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/random.h>
+#else
+#include <linux/compat.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
 #include "crc16.h"
+#endif
 #include "ubifs.h"
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+static int dbg_populate_lsave(struct ubifs_info *c);
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * first_dirty_cnode - find first dirty cnode.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @nnode: nnode at which to start
+ *
+ * This function returns the first dirty cnode or %NULL if there is not one.
+ */
+static struct ubifs_cnode *first_dirty_cnode(struct ubifs_nnode *nnode)
+{
+	ubifs_assert(nnode);
+	while (1) {
+		int i, cont = 0;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT; i++) {
+			struct ubifs_cnode *cnode;
+
+			cnode = nnode->nbranch[i].cnode;
+			if (cnode &&
+			    test_bit(DIRTY_CNODE, &cnode->flags)) {
+				if (cnode->level == 0)
+					return cnode;
+				nnode = (struct ubifs_nnode *)cnode;
+				cont = 1;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		if (!cont)
+			return (struct ubifs_cnode *)nnode;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * next_dirty_cnode - find next dirty cnode.
+ * @cnode: cnode from which to begin searching
+ *
+ * This function returns the next dirty cnode or %NULL if there is not one.
+ */
+static struct ubifs_cnode *next_dirty_cnode(struct ubifs_cnode *cnode)
+{
+	struct ubifs_nnode *nnode;
+	int i;
+
+	ubifs_assert(cnode);
+	nnode = cnode->parent;
+	if (!nnode)
+		return NULL;
+	for (i = cnode->iip + 1; i < UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT; i++) {
+		cnode = nnode->nbranch[i].cnode;
+		if (cnode && test_bit(DIRTY_CNODE, &cnode->flags)) {
+			if (cnode->level == 0)
+				return cnode; /* cnode is a pnode */
+			/* cnode is a nnode */
+			return first_dirty_cnode((struct ubifs_nnode *)cnode);
+		}
+	}
+	return (struct ubifs_cnode *)nnode;
+}
+
+/**
+ * get_cnodes_to_commit - create list of dirty cnodes to commit.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function returns the number of cnodes to commit.
+ */
+static int get_cnodes_to_commit(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	struct ubifs_cnode *cnode, *cnext;
+	int cnt = 0;
+
+	if (!c->nroot)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!test_bit(DIRTY_CNODE, &c->nroot->flags))
+		return 0;
+
+	c->lpt_cnext = first_dirty_cnode(c->nroot);
+	cnode = c->lpt_cnext;
+	if (!cnode)
+		return 0;
+	cnt += 1;
+	while (1) {
+		ubifs_assert(!test_bit(COW_CNODE, &cnode->flags));
+		__set_bit(COW_CNODE, &cnode->flags);
+		cnext = next_dirty_cnode(cnode);
+		if (!cnext) {
+			cnode->cnext = c->lpt_cnext;
+			break;
+		}
+		cnode->cnext = cnext;
+		cnode = cnext;
+		cnt += 1;
+	}
+	dbg_cmt("committing %d cnodes", cnt);
+	dbg_lp("committing %d cnodes", cnt);
+	ubifs_assert(cnt == c->dirty_nn_cnt + c->dirty_pn_cnt);
+	return cnt;
+}
+
+/**
+ * upd_ltab - update LPT LEB properties.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @lnum: LEB number
+ * @free: amount of free space
+ * @dirty: amount of dirty space to add
+ */
+static void upd_ltab(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int free, int dirty)
+{
+	dbg_lp("LEB %d free %d dirty %d to %d +%d",
+	       lnum, c->ltab[lnum - c->lpt_first].free,
+	       c->ltab[lnum - c->lpt_first].dirty, free, dirty);
+	ubifs_assert(lnum >= c->lpt_first && lnum <= c->lpt_last);
+	c->ltab[lnum - c->lpt_first].free = free;
+	c->ltab[lnum - c->lpt_first].dirty += dirty;
+}
+
+/**
+ * alloc_lpt_leb - allocate an LPT LEB that is empty.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @lnum: LEB number is passed and returned here
+ *
+ * This function finds the next empty LEB in the ltab starting from @lnum. If a
+ * an empty LEB is found it is returned in @lnum and the function returns %0.
+ * Otherwise the function returns -ENOSPC.  Note however, that LPT is designed
+ * never to run out of space.
+ */
+static int alloc_lpt_leb(struct ubifs_info *c, int *lnum)
+{
+	int i, n;
+
+	n = *lnum - c->lpt_first + 1;
+	for (i = n; i < c->lpt_lebs; i++) {
+		if (c->ltab[i].tgc || c->ltab[i].cmt)
+			continue;
+		if (c->ltab[i].free == c->leb_size) {
+			c->ltab[i].cmt = 1;
+			*lnum = i + c->lpt_first;
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		if (c->ltab[i].tgc || c->ltab[i].cmt)
+			continue;
+		if (c->ltab[i].free == c->leb_size) {
+			c->ltab[i].cmt = 1;
+			*lnum = i + c->lpt_first;
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	return -ENOSPC;
+}
+
+/**
+ * layout_cnodes - layout cnodes for commit.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+static int layout_cnodes(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int lnum, offs, len, alen, done_lsave, done_ltab, err;
+	struct ubifs_cnode *cnode;
+
+	err = dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 0, 0);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+	cnode = c->lpt_cnext;
+	if (!cnode)
+		return 0;
+	lnum = c->nhead_lnum;
+	offs = c->nhead_offs;
+	/* Try to place lsave and ltab nicely */
+	done_lsave = !c->big_lpt;
+	done_ltab = 0;
+	if (!done_lsave && offs + c->lsave_sz <= c->leb_size) {
+		done_lsave = 1;
+		c->lsave_lnum = lnum;
+		c->lsave_offs = offs;
+		offs += c->lsave_sz;
+		dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 1, c->lsave_sz);
+	}
+
+	if (offs + c->ltab_sz <= c->leb_size) {
+		done_ltab = 1;
+		c->ltab_lnum = lnum;
+		c->ltab_offs = offs;
+		offs += c->ltab_sz;
+		dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 1, c->ltab_sz);
+	}
+
+	do {
+		if (cnode->level) {
+			len = c->nnode_sz;
+			c->dirty_nn_cnt -= 1;
+		} else {
+			len = c->pnode_sz;
+			c->dirty_pn_cnt -= 1;
+		}
+		while (offs + len > c->leb_size) {
+			alen = ALIGN(offs, c->min_io_size);
+			upd_ltab(c, lnum, c->leb_size - alen, alen - offs);
+			dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 2, c->leb_size - offs);
+			err = alloc_lpt_leb(c, &lnum);
+			if (err)
+				goto no_space;
+			offs = 0;
+			ubifs_assert(lnum >= c->lpt_first &&
+				     lnum <= c->lpt_last);
+			/* Try to place lsave and ltab nicely */
+			if (!done_lsave) {
+				done_lsave = 1;
+				c->lsave_lnum = lnum;
+				c->lsave_offs = offs;
+				offs += c->lsave_sz;
+				dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 1, c->lsave_sz);
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!done_ltab) {
+				done_ltab = 1;
+				c->ltab_lnum = lnum;
+				c->ltab_offs = offs;
+				offs += c->ltab_sz;
+				dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 1, c->ltab_sz);
+				continue;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+		if (cnode->parent) {
+			cnode->parent->nbranch[cnode->iip].lnum = lnum;
+			cnode->parent->nbranch[cnode->iip].offs = offs;
+		} else {
+			c->lpt_lnum = lnum;
+			c->lpt_offs = offs;
+		}
+		offs += len;
+		dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 1, len);
+		cnode = cnode->cnext;
+	} while (cnode && cnode != c->lpt_cnext);
+
+	/* Make sure to place LPT's save table */
+	if (!done_lsave) {
+		if (offs + c->lsave_sz > c->leb_size) {
+			alen = ALIGN(offs, c->min_io_size);
+			upd_ltab(c, lnum, c->leb_size - alen, alen - offs);
+			dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 2, c->leb_size - offs);
+			err = alloc_lpt_leb(c, &lnum);
+			if (err)
+				goto no_space;
+			offs = 0;
+			ubifs_assert(lnum >= c->lpt_first &&
+				     lnum <= c->lpt_last);
+		}
+		done_lsave = 1;
+		c->lsave_lnum = lnum;
+		c->lsave_offs = offs;
+		offs += c->lsave_sz;
+		dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 1, c->lsave_sz);
+	}
+
+	/* Make sure to place LPT's own lprops table */
+	if (!done_ltab) {
+		if (offs + c->ltab_sz > c->leb_size) {
+			alen = ALIGN(offs, c->min_io_size);
+			upd_ltab(c, lnum, c->leb_size - alen, alen - offs);
+			dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 2, c->leb_size - offs);
+			err = alloc_lpt_leb(c, &lnum);
+			if (err)
+				goto no_space;
+			offs = 0;
+			ubifs_assert(lnum >= c->lpt_first &&
+				     lnum <= c->lpt_last);
+		}
+		done_ltab = 1;
+		c->ltab_lnum = lnum;
+		c->ltab_offs = offs;
+		offs += c->ltab_sz;
+		dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 1, c->ltab_sz);
+	}
+
+	alen = ALIGN(offs, c->min_io_size);
+	upd_ltab(c, lnum, c->leb_size - alen, alen - offs);
+	dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 4, alen - offs);
+	err = dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 3, alen);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+	return 0;
+
+no_space:
+	ubifs_err("LPT out of space at LEB %d:%d needing %d, done_ltab %d, done_lsave %d",
+		  lnum, offs, len, done_ltab, done_lsave);
+	ubifs_dump_lpt_info(c);
+	ubifs_dump_lpt_lebs(c);
+	dump_stack();
+	return err;
+}
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/**
+ * realloc_lpt_leb - allocate an LPT LEB that is empty.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @lnum: LEB number is passed and returned here
+ *
+ * This function duplicates exactly the results of the function alloc_lpt_leb.
+ * It is used during end commit to reallocate the same LEB numbers that were
+ * allocated by alloc_lpt_leb during start commit.
+ *
+ * This function finds the next LEB that was allocated by the alloc_lpt_leb
+ * function starting from @lnum. If a LEB is found it is returned in @lnum and
+ * the function returns %0. Otherwise the function returns -ENOSPC.
+ * Note however, that LPT is designed never to run out of space.
+ */
+static int realloc_lpt_leb(struct ubifs_info *c, int *lnum)
+{
+	int i, n;
+
+	n = *lnum - c->lpt_first + 1;
+	for (i = n; i < c->lpt_lebs; i++)
+		if (c->ltab[i].cmt) {
+			c->ltab[i].cmt = 0;
+			*lnum = i + c->lpt_first;
+			return 0;
+		}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+		if (c->ltab[i].cmt) {
+			c->ltab[i].cmt = 0;
+			*lnum = i + c->lpt_first;
+			return 0;
+		}
+	return -ENOSPC;
+}
+
+/**
+ * write_cnodes - write cnodes for commit.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+static int write_cnodes(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int lnum, offs, len, from, err, wlen, alen, done_ltab, done_lsave;
+	struct ubifs_cnode *cnode;
+	void *buf = c->lpt_buf;
+
+	cnode = c->lpt_cnext;
+	if (!cnode)
+		return 0;
+	lnum = c->nhead_lnum;
+	offs = c->nhead_offs;
+	from = offs;
+	/* Ensure empty LEB is unmapped */
+	if (offs == 0) {
+		err = ubifs_leb_unmap(c, lnum);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	}
+	/* Try to place lsave and ltab nicely */
+	done_lsave = !c->big_lpt;
+	done_ltab = 0;
+	if (!done_lsave && offs + c->lsave_sz <= c->leb_size) {
+		done_lsave = 1;
+		ubifs_pack_lsave(c, buf + offs, c->lsave);
+		offs += c->lsave_sz;
+		dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 1, c->lsave_sz);
+	}
+
+	if (offs + c->ltab_sz <= c->leb_size) {
+		done_ltab = 1;
+		ubifs_pack_ltab(c, buf + offs, c->ltab_cmt);
+		offs += c->ltab_sz;
+		dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 1, c->ltab_sz);
+	}
+
+	/* Loop for each cnode */
+	do {
+		if (cnode->level)
+			len = c->nnode_sz;
+		else
+			len = c->pnode_sz;
+		while (offs + len > c->leb_size) {
+			wlen = offs - from;
+			if (wlen) {
+				alen = ALIGN(wlen, c->min_io_size);
+				memset(buf + offs, 0xff, alen - wlen);
+				err = ubifs_leb_write(c, lnum, buf + from, from,
+						       alen);
+				if (err)
+					return err;
+			}
+			dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 2, c->leb_size - offs);
+			err = realloc_lpt_leb(c, &lnum);
+			if (err)
+				goto no_space;
+			offs = from = 0;
+			ubifs_assert(lnum >= c->lpt_first &&
+				     lnum <= c->lpt_last);
+			err = ubifs_leb_unmap(c, lnum);
+			if (err)
+				return err;
+			/* Try to place lsave and ltab nicely */
+			if (!done_lsave) {
+				done_lsave = 1;
+				ubifs_pack_lsave(c, buf + offs, c->lsave);
+				offs += c->lsave_sz;
+				dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 1, c->lsave_sz);
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!done_ltab) {
+				done_ltab = 1;
+				ubifs_pack_ltab(c, buf + offs, c->ltab_cmt);
+				offs += c->ltab_sz;
+				dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 1, c->ltab_sz);
+				continue;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+		if (cnode->level)
+			ubifs_pack_nnode(c, buf + offs,
+					 (struct ubifs_nnode *)cnode);
+		else
+			ubifs_pack_pnode(c, buf + offs,
+					 (struct ubifs_pnode *)cnode);
+		/*
+		 * The reason for the barriers is the same as in case of TNC.
+		 * See comment in 'write_index()'. 'dirty_cow_nnode()' and
+		 * 'dirty_cow_pnode()' are the functions for which this is
+		 * important.
+		 */
+		clear_bit(DIRTY_CNODE, &cnode->flags);
+		smp_mb__before_clear_bit();
+		clear_bit(COW_CNODE, &cnode->flags);
+		smp_mb__after_clear_bit();
+		offs += len;
+		dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 1, len);
+		cnode = cnode->cnext;
+	} while (cnode && cnode != c->lpt_cnext);
+
+	/* Make sure to place LPT's save table */
+	if (!done_lsave) {
+		if (offs + c->lsave_sz > c->leb_size) {
+			wlen = offs - from;
+			alen = ALIGN(wlen, c->min_io_size);
+			memset(buf + offs, 0xff, alen - wlen);
+			err = ubifs_leb_write(c, lnum, buf + from, from, alen);
+			if (err)
+				return err;
+			dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 2, c->leb_size - offs);
+			err = realloc_lpt_leb(c, &lnum);
+			if (err)
+				goto no_space;
+			offs = from = 0;
+			ubifs_assert(lnum >= c->lpt_first &&
+				     lnum <= c->lpt_last);
+			err = ubifs_leb_unmap(c, lnum);
+			if (err)
+				return err;
+		}
+		done_lsave = 1;
+		ubifs_pack_lsave(c, buf + offs, c->lsave);
+		offs += c->lsave_sz;
+		dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 1, c->lsave_sz);
+	}
+
+	/* Make sure to place LPT's own lprops table */
+	if (!done_ltab) {
+		if (offs + c->ltab_sz > c->leb_size) {
+			wlen = offs - from;
+			alen = ALIGN(wlen, c->min_io_size);
+			memset(buf + offs, 0xff, alen - wlen);
+			err = ubifs_leb_write(c, lnum, buf + from, from, alen);
+			if (err)
+				return err;
+			dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 2, c->leb_size - offs);
+			err = realloc_lpt_leb(c, &lnum);
+			if (err)
+				goto no_space;
+			offs = from = 0;
+			ubifs_assert(lnum >= c->lpt_first &&
+				     lnum <= c->lpt_last);
+			err = ubifs_leb_unmap(c, lnum);
+			if (err)
+				return err;
+		}
+		done_ltab = 1;
+		ubifs_pack_ltab(c, buf + offs, c->ltab_cmt);
+		offs += c->ltab_sz;
+		dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 1, c->ltab_sz);
+	}
+
+	/* Write remaining data in buffer */
+	wlen = offs - from;
+	alen = ALIGN(wlen, c->min_io_size);
+	memset(buf + offs, 0xff, alen - wlen);
+	err = ubifs_leb_write(c, lnum, buf + from, from, alen);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 4, alen - wlen);
+	err = dbg_chk_lpt_sz(c, 3, ALIGN(offs, c->min_io_size));
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	c->nhead_lnum = lnum;
+	c->nhead_offs = ALIGN(offs, c->min_io_size);
+
+	dbg_lp("LPT root is at %d:%d", c->lpt_lnum, c->lpt_offs);
+	dbg_lp("LPT head is at %d:%d", c->nhead_lnum, c->nhead_offs);
+	dbg_lp("LPT ltab is at %d:%d", c->ltab_lnum, c->ltab_offs);
+	if (c->big_lpt)
+		dbg_lp("LPT lsave is at %d:%d", c->lsave_lnum, c->lsave_offs);
+
+	return 0;
+
+no_space:
+	ubifs_err("LPT out of space mismatch at LEB %d:%d needing %d, done_ltab %d, done_lsave %d",
+		  lnum, offs, len, done_ltab, done_lsave);
+	ubifs_dump_lpt_info(c);
+	ubifs_dump_lpt_lebs(c);
+	dump_stack();
+	return err;
+}
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * next_pnode_to_dirty - find next pnode to dirty.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @pnode: pnode
+ *
+ * This function returns the next pnode to dirty or %NULL if there are no more
+ * pnodes.  Note that pnodes that have never been written (lnum == 0) are
+ * skipped.
+ */
+static struct ubifs_pnode *next_pnode_to_dirty(struct ubifs_info *c,
+					       struct ubifs_pnode *pnode)
+{
+	struct ubifs_nnode *nnode;
+	int iip;
+
+	/* Try to go right */
+	nnode = pnode->parent;
+	for (iip = pnode->iip + 1; iip < UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT; iip++) {
+		if (nnode->nbranch[iip].lnum)
+			return ubifs_get_pnode(c, nnode, iip);
+	}
+
+	/* Go up while can't go right */
+	do {
+		iip = nnode->iip + 1;
+		nnode = nnode->parent;
+		if (!nnode)
+			return NULL;
+		for (; iip < UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT; iip++) {
+			if (nnode->nbranch[iip].lnum)
+				break;
+		}
+	} while (iip >= UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT);
+
+	/* Go right */
+	nnode = ubifs_get_nnode(c, nnode, iip);
+	if (IS_ERR(nnode))
+		return (void *)nnode;
+
+	/* Go down to level 1 */
+	while (nnode->level > 1) {
+		for (iip = 0; iip < UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT; iip++) {
+			if (nnode->nbranch[iip].lnum)
+				break;
+		}
+		if (iip >= UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT) {
+			/*
+			 * Should not happen, but we need to keep going
+			 * if it does.
+			 */
+			iip = 0;
+		}
+		nnode = ubifs_get_nnode(c, nnode, iip);
+		if (IS_ERR(nnode))
+			return (void *)nnode;
+	}
+
+	for (iip = 0; iip < UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT; iip++)
+		if (nnode->nbranch[iip].lnum)
+			break;
+	if (iip >= UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT)
+		/* Should not happen, but we need to keep going if it does */
+		iip = 0;
+	return ubifs_get_pnode(c, nnode, iip);
+}
+
+/**
+ * pnode_lookup - lookup a pnode in the LPT.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @i: pnode number (0 to main_lebs - 1)
+ *
+ * This function returns a pointer to the pnode on success or a negative
+ * error code on failure.
+ */
+static struct ubifs_pnode *pnode_lookup(struct ubifs_info *c, int i)
+{
+	int err, h, iip, shft;
+	struct ubifs_nnode *nnode;
+
+	if (!c->nroot) {
+		err = ubifs_read_nnode(c, NULL, 0);
+		if (err)
+			return ERR_PTR(err);
+	}
+	i <<= UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT_SHIFT;
+	nnode = c->nroot;
+	shft = c->lpt_hght * UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT_SHIFT;
+	for (h = 1; h < c->lpt_hght; h++) {
+		iip = ((i >> shft) & (UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT - 1));
+		shft -= UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT_SHIFT;
+		nnode = ubifs_get_nnode(c, nnode, iip);
+		if (IS_ERR(nnode))
+			return ERR_CAST(nnode);
+	}
+	iip = ((i >> shft) & (UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT - 1));
+	return ubifs_get_pnode(c, nnode, iip);
+}
+
+/**
+ * add_pnode_dirt - add dirty space to LPT LEB properties.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @pnode: pnode for which to add dirt
+ */
+static void add_pnode_dirt(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_pnode *pnode)
+{
+	ubifs_add_lpt_dirt(c, pnode->parent->nbranch[pnode->iip].lnum,
+			   c->pnode_sz);
+}
+
+/**
+ * do_make_pnode_dirty - mark a pnode dirty.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @pnode: pnode to mark dirty
+ */
+static void do_make_pnode_dirty(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_pnode *pnode)
+{
+	/* Assumes cnext list is empty i.e. not called during commit */
+	if (!test_and_set_bit(DIRTY_CNODE, &pnode->flags)) {
+		struct ubifs_nnode *nnode;
+
+		c->dirty_pn_cnt += 1;
+		add_pnode_dirt(c, pnode);
+		/* Mark parent and ancestors dirty too */
+		nnode = pnode->parent;
+		while (nnode) {
+			if (!test_and_set_bit(DIRTY_CNODE, &nnode->flags)) {
+				c->dirty_nn_cnt += 1;
+				ubifs_add_nnode_dirt(c, nnode);
+				nnode = nnode->parent;
+			} else
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * make_tree_dirty - mark the entire LEB properties tree dirty.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function is used by the "small" LPT model to cause the entire LEB
+ * properties tree to be written.  The "small" LPT model does not use LPT
+ * garbage collection because it is more efficient to write the entire tree
+ * (because it is small).
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+static int make_tree_dirty(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	struct ubifs_pnode *pnode;
+
+	pnode = pnode_lookup(c, 0);
+	if (IS_ERR(pnode))
+		return PTR_ERR(pnode);
+
+	while (pnode) {
+		do_make_pnode_dirty(c, pnode);
+		pnode = next_pnode_to_dirty(c, pnode);
+		if (IS_ERR(pnode))
+			return PTR_ERR(pnode);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * need_write_all - determine if the LPT area is running out of free space.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function returns %1 if the LPT area is running out of free space and %0
+ * if it is not.
+ */
+static int need_write_all(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	long long free = 0;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < c->lpt_lebs; i++) {
+		if (i + c->lpt_first == c->nhead_lnum)
+			free += c->leb_size - c->nhead_offs;
+		else if (c->ltab[i].free == c->leb_size)
+			free += c->leb_size;
+		else if (c->ltab[i].free + c->ltab[i].dirty == c->leb_size)
+			free += c->leb_size;
+	}
+	/* Less than twice the size left */
+	if (free <= c->lpt_sz * 2)
+		return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * lpt_tgc_start - start trivial garbage collection of LPT LEBs.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * LPT trivial garbage collection is where a LPT LEB contains only dirty and
+ * free space and so may be reused as soon as the next commit is completed.
+ * This function is called during start commit to mark LPT LEBs for trivial GC.
+ */
+static void lpt_tgc_start(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < c->lpt_lebs; i++) {
+		if (i + c->lpt_first == c->nhead_lnum)
+			continue;
+		if (c->ltab[i].dirty > 0 &&
+		    c->ltab[i].free + c->ltab[i].dirty == c->leb_size) {
+			c->ltab[i].tgc = 1;
+			c->ltab[i].free = c->leb_size;
+			c->ltab[i].dirty = 0;
+			dbg_lp("LEB %d", i + c->lpt_first);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * lpt_tgc_end - end trivial garbage collection of LPT LEBs.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * LPT trivial garbage collection is where a LPT LEB contains only dirty and
+ * free space and so may be reused as soon as the next commit is completed.
+ * This function is called after the commit is completed (master node has been
+ * written) and un-maps LPT LEBs that were marked for trivial GC.
+ */
+static int lpt_tgc_end(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int i, err;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < c->lpt_lebs; i++)
+		if (c->ltab[i].tgc) {
+			err = ubifs_leb_unmap(c, i + c->lpt_first);
+			if (err)
+				return err;
+			c->ltab[i].tgc = 0;
+			dbg_lp("LEB %d", i + c->lpt_first);
+		}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * populate_lsave - fill the lsave array with important LEB numbers.
+ * @c: the UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function is only called for the "big" model. It records a small number
+ * of LEB numbers of important LEBs.  Important LEBs are ones that are (from
+ * most important to least important): empty, freeable, freeable index, dirty
+ * index, dirty or free. Upon mount, we read this list of LEB numbers and bring
+ * their pnodes into memory.  That will stop us from having to scan the LPT
+ * straight away. For the "small" model we assume that scanning the LPT is no
+ * big deal.
+ */
+static void populate_lsave(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	struct ubifs_lprops *lprops;
+	struct ubifs_lpt_heap *heap;
+	int i, cnt = 0;
+
+	ubifs_assert(c->big_lpt);
+	if (!(c->lpt_drty_flgs & LSAVE_DIRTY)) {
+		c->lpt_drty_flgs |= LSAVE_DIRTY;
+		ubifs_add_lpt_dirt(c, c->lsave_lnum, c->lsave_sz);
+	}
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	if (dbg_populate_lsave(c))
+		return;
+#endif
+
+	list_for_each_entry(lprops, &c->empty_list, list) {
+		c->lsave[cnt++] = lprops->lnum;
+		if (cnt >= c->lsave_cnt)
+			return;
+	}
+	list_for_each_entry(lprops, &c->freeable_list, list) {
+		c->lsave[cnt++] = lprops->lnum;
+		if (cnt >= c->lsave_cnt)
+			return;
+	}
+	list_for_each_entry(lprops, &c->frdi_idx_list, list) {
+		c->lsave[cnt++] = lprops->lnum;
+		if (cnt >= c->lsave_cnt)
+			return;
+	}
+	heap = &c->lpt_heap[LPROPS_DIRTY_IDX - 1];
+	for (i = 0; i < heap->cnt; i++) {
+		c->lsave[cnt++] = heap->arr[i]->lnum;
+		if (cnt >= c->lsave_cnt)
+			return;
+	}
+	heap = &c->lpt_heap[LPROPS_DIRTY - 1];
+	for (i = 0; i < heap->cnt; i++) {
+		c->lsave[cnt++] = heap->arr[i]->lnum;
+		if (cnt >= c->lsave_cnt)
+			return;
+	}
+	heap = &c->lpt_heap[LPROPS_FREE - 1];
+	for (i = 0; i < heap->cnt; i++) {
+		c->lsave[cnt++] = heap->arr[i]->lnum;
+		if (cnt >= c->lsave_cnt)
+			return;
+	}
+	/* Fill it up completely */
+	while (cnt < c->lsave_cnt)
+		c->lsave[cnt++] = c->main_first;
+}
+
+/**
+ * nnode_lookup - lookup a nnode in the LPT.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @i: nnode number
+ *
+ * This function returns a pointer to the nnode on success or a negative
+ * error code on failure.
+ */
+static struct ubifs_nnode *nnode_lookup(struct ubifs_info *c, int i)
+{
+	int err, iip;
+	struct ubifs_nnode *nnode;
+
+	if (!c->nroot) {
+		err = ubifs_read_nnode(c, NULL, 0);
+		if (err)
+			return ERR_PTR(err);
+	}
+	nnode = c->nroot;
+	while (1) {
+		iip = i & (UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT - 1);
+		i >>= UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT_SHIFT;
+		if (!i)
+			break;
+		nnode = ubifs_get_nnode(c, nnode, iip);
+		if (IS_ERR(nnode))
+			return nnode;
+	}
+	return nnode;
+}
+
+/**
+ * make_nnode_dirty - find a nnode and, if found, make it dirty.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @node_num: nnode number of nnode to make dirty
+ * @lnum: LEB number where nnode was written
+ * @offs: offset where nnode was written
+ *
+ * This function is used by LPT garbage collection.  LPT garbage collection is
+ * used only for the "big" LPT model (c->big_lpt == 1).  Garbage collection
+ * simply involves marking all the nodes in the LEB being garbage-collected as
+ * dirty.  The dirty nodes are written next commit, after which the LEB is free
+ * to be reused.
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+static int make_nnode_dirty(struct ubifs_info *c, int node_num, int lnum,
+			    int offs)
+{
+	struct ubifs_nnode *nnode;
+
+	nnode = nnode_lookup(c, node_num);
+	if (IS_ERR(nnode))
+		return PTR_ERR(nnode);
+	if (nnode->parent) {
+		struct ubifs_nbranch *branch;
+
+		branch = &nnode->parent->nbranch[nnode->iip];
+		if (branch->lnum != lnum || branch->offs != offs)
+			return 0; /* nnode is obsolete */
+	} else if (c->lpt_lnum != lnum || c->lpt_offs != offs)
+			return 0; /* nnode is obsolete */
+	/* Assumes cnext list is empty i.e. not called during commit */
+	if (!test_and_set_bit(DIRTY_CNODE, &nnode->flags)) {
+		c->dirty_nn_cnt += 1;
+		ubifs_add_nnode_dirt(c, nnode);
+		/* Mark parent and ancestors dirty too */
+		nnode = nnode->parent;
+		while (nnode) {
+			if (!test_and_set_bit(DIRTY_CNODE, &nnode->flags)) {
+				c->dirty_nn_cnt += 1;
+				ubifs_add_nnode_dirt(c, nnode);
+				nnode = nnode->parent;
+			} else
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * make_pnode_dirty - find a pnode and, if found, make it dirty.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @node_num: pnode number of pnode to make dirty
+ * @lnum: LEB number where pnode was written
+ * @offs: offset where pnode was written
+ *
+ * This function is used by LPT garbage collection.  LPT garbage collection is
+ * used only for the "big" LPT model (c->big_lpt == 1).  Garbage collection
+ * simply involves marking all the nodes in the LEB being garbage-collected as
+ * dirty.  The dirty nodes are written next commit, after which the LEB is free
+ * to be reused.
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+static int make_pnode_dirty(struct ubifs_info *c, int node_num, int lnum,
+			    int offs)
+{
+	struct ubifs_pnode *pnode;
+	struct ubifs_nbranch *branch;
+
+	pnode = pnode_lookup(c, node_num);
+	if (IS_ERR(pnode))
+		return PTR_ERR(pnode);
+	branch = &pnode->parent->nbranch[pnode->iip];
+	if (branch->lnum != lnum || branch->offs != offs)
+		return 0;
+	do_make_pnode_dirty(c, pnode);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * make_ltab_dirty - make ltab node dirty.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @lnum: LEB number where ltab was written
+ * @offs: offset where ltab was written
+ *
+ * This function is used by LPT garbage collection.  LPT garbage collection is
+ * used only for the "big" LPT model (c->big_lpt == 1).  Garbage collection
+ * simply involves marking all the nodes in the LEB being garbage-collected as
+ * dirty.  The dirty nodes are written next commit, after which the LEB is free
+ * to be reused.
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+static int make_ltab_dirty(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs)
+{
+	if (lnum != c->ltab_lnum || offs != c->ltab_offs)
+		return 0; /* This ltab node is obsolete */
+	if (!(c->lpt_drty_flgs & LTAB_DIRTY)) {
+		c->lpt_drty_flgs |= LTAB_DIRTY;
+		ubifs_add_lpt_dirt(c, c->ltab_lnum, c->ltab_sz);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * make_lsave_dirty - make lsave node dirty.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @lnum: LEB number where lsave was written
+ * @offs: offset where lsave was written
+ *
+ * This function is used by LPT garbage collection.  LPT garbage collection is
+ * used only for the "big" LPT model (c->big_lpt == 1).  Garbage collection
+ * simply involves marking all the nodes in the LEB being garbage-collected as
+ * dirty.  The dirty nodes are written next commit, after which the LEB is free
+ * to be reused.
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+static int make_lsave_dirty(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs)
+{
+	if (lnum != c->lsave_lnum || offs != c->lsave_offs)
+		return 0; /* This lsave node is obsolete */
+	if (!(c->lpt_drty_flgs & LSAVE_DIRTY)) {
+		c->lpt_drty_flgs |= LSAVE_DIRTY;
+		ubifs_add_lpt_dirt(c, c->lsave_lnum, c->lsave_sz);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * make_node_dirty - make node dirty.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @node_type: LPT node type
+ * @node_num: node number
+ * @lnum: LEB number where node was written
+ * @offs: offset where node was written
+ *
+ * This function is used by LPT garbage collection.  LPT garbage collection is
+ * used only for the "big" LPT model (c->big_lpt == 1).  Garbage collection
+ * simply involves marking all the nodes in the LEB being garbage-collected as
+ * dirty.  The dirty nodes are written next commit, after which the LEB is free
+ * to be reused.
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+static int make_node_dirty(struct ubifs_info *c, int node_type, int node_num,
+			   int lnum, int offs)
+{
+	switch (node_type) {
+	case UBIFS_LPT_NNODE:
+		return make_nnode_dirty(c, node_num, lnum, offs);
+	case UBIFS_LPT_PNODE:
+		return make_pnode_dirty(c, node_num, lnum, offs);
+	case UBIFS_LPT_LTAB:
+		return make_ltab_dirty(c, lnum, offs);
+	case UBIFS_LPT_LSAVE:
+		return make_lsave_dirty(c, lnum, offs);
+	}
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * get_lpt_node_len - return the length of a node based on its type.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @node_type: LPT node type
+ */
+static int get_lpt_node_len(const struct ubifs_info *c, int node_type)
+{
+	switch (node_type) {
+	case UBIFS_LPT_NNODE:
+		return c->nnode_sz;
+	case UBIFS_LPT_PNODE:
+		return c->pnode_sz;
+	case UBIFS_LPT_LTAB:
+		return c->ltab_sz;
+	case UBIFS_LPT_LSAVE:
+		return c->lsave_sz;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * get_pad_len - return the length of padding in a buffer.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @buf: buffer
+ * @len: length of buffer
+ */
+static int get_pad_len(const struct ubifs_info *c, uint8_t *buf, int len)
+{
+	int offs, pad_len;
+
+	if (c->min_io_size == 1)
+		return 0;
+	offs = c->leb_size - len;
+	pad_len = ALIGN(offs, c->min_io_size) - offs;
+	return pad_len;
+}
+
+/**
+ * get_lpt_node_type - return type (and node number) of a node in a buffer.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @buf: buffer
+ * @node_num: node number is returned here
+ */
+static int get_lpt_node_type(const struct ubifs_info *c, uint8_t *buf,
+			     int *node_num)
+{
+	uint8_t *addr = buf + UBIFS_LPT_CRC_BYTES;
+	int pos = 0, node_type;
+
+	node_type = ubifs_unpack_bits(&addr, &pos, UBIFS_LPT_TYPE_BITS);
+	*node_num = ubifs_unpack_bits(&addr, &pos, c->pcnt_bits);
+	return node_type;
+}
+
+/**
+ * is_a_node - determine if a buffer contains a node.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @buf: buffer
+ * @len: length of buffer
+ *
+ * This function returns %1 if the buffer contains a node or %0 if it does not.
+ */
+static int is_a_node(const struct ubifs_info *c, uint8_t *buf, int len)
+{
+	uint8_t *addr = buf + UBIFS_LPT_CRC_BYTES;
+	int pos = 0, node_type, node_len;
+	uint16_t crc, calc_crc;
+
+	if (len < UBIFS_LPT_CRC_BYTES + (UBIFS_LPT_TYPE_BITS + 7) / 8)
+		return 0;
+	node_type = ubifs_unpack_bits(&addr, &pos, UBIFS_LPT_TYPE_BITS);
+	if (node_type == UBIFS_LPT_NOT_A_NODE)
+		return 0;
+	node_len = get_lpt_node_len(c, node_type);
+	if (!node_len || node_len > len)
+		return 0;
+	pos = 0;
+	addr = buf;
+	crc = ubifs_unpack_bits(&addr, &pos, UBIFS_LPT_CRC_BITS);
+	calc_crc = crc16(-1, buf + UBIFS_LPT_CRC_BYTES,
+			 node_len - UBIFS_LPT_CRC_BYTES);
+	if (crc != calc_crc)
+		return 0;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/**
+ * lpt_gc_lnum - garbage collect a LPT LEB.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @lnum: LEB number to garbage collect
+ *
+ * LPT garbage collection is used only for the "big" LPT model
+ * (c->big_lpt == 1).  Garbage collection simply involves marking all the nodes
+ * in the LEB being garbage-collected as dirty.  The dirty nodes are written
+ * next commit, after which the LEB is free to be reused.
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+static int lpt_gc_lnum(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum)
+{
+	int err, len = c->leb_size, node_type, node_num, node_len, offs;
+	void *buf = c->lpt_buf;
+
+	dbg_lp("LEB %d", lnum);
+
+	err = ubifs_leb_read(c, lnum, buf, 0, c->leb_size, 1);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	while (1) {
+		if (!is_a_node(c, buf, len)) {
+			int pad_len;
+
+			pad_len = get_pad_len(c, buf, len);
+			if (pad_len) {
+				buf += pad_len;
+				len -= pad_len;
+				continue;
+			}
+			return 0;
+		}
+		node_type = get_lpt_node_type(c, buf, &node_num);
+		node_len = get_lpt_node_len(c, node_type);
+		offs = c->leb_size - len;
+		ubifs_assert(node_len != 0);
+		mutex_lock(&c->lp_mutex);
+		err = make_node_dirty(c, node_type, node_num, lnum, offs);
+		mutex_unlock(&c->lp_mutex);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+		buf += node_len;
+		len -= node_len;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * lpt_gc - LPT garbage collection.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * Select a LPT LEB for LPT garbage collection and call 'lpt_gc_lnum()'.
+ * Returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+static int lpt_gc(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int i, lnum = -1, dirty = 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&c->lp_mutex);
+	for (i = 0; i < c->lpt_lebs; i++) {
+		ubifs_assert(!c->ltab[i].tgc);
+		if (i + c->lpt_first == c->nhead_lnum ||
+		    c->ltab[i].free + c->ltab[i].dirty == c->leb_size)
+			continue;
+		if (c->ltab[i].dirty > dirty) {
+			dirty = c->ltab[i].dirty;
+			lnum = i + c->lpt_first;
+		}
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&c->lp_mutex);
+	if (lnum == -1)
+		return -ENOSPC;
+	return lpt_gc_lnum(c, lnum);
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_lpt_start_commit - UBIFS commit starts.
+ * @c: the UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function has to be called when UBIFS starts the commit operation.
+ * This function "freezes" all currently dirty LEB properties and does not
+ * change them anymore. Further changes are saved and tracked separately
+ * because they are not part of this commit. This function returns zero in case
+ * of success and a negative error code in case of failure.
+ */
+int ubifs_lpt_start_commit(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int err, cnt;
+
+	dbg_lp("");
+
+	mutex_lock(&c->lp_mutex);
+	err = dbg_chk_lpt_free_spc(c);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+	err = dbg_check_ltab(c);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (c->check_lpt_free) {
+		/*
+		 * We ensure there is enough free space in
+		 * ubifs_lpt_post_commit() by marking nodes dirty. That
+		 * information is lost when we unmount, so we also need
+		 * to check free space once after mounting also.
+		 */
+		c->check_lpt_free = 0;
+		while (need_write_all(c)) {
+			mutex_unlock(&c->lp_mutex);
+			err = lpt_gc(c);
+			if (err)
+				return err;
+			mutex_lock(&c->lp_mutex);
+		}
+	}
+
+	lpt_tgc_start(c);
+
+	if (!c->dirty_pn_cnt) {
+		dbg_cmt("no cnodes to commit");
+		err = 0;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (!c->big_lpt && need_write_all(c)) {
+		/* If needed, write everything */
+		err = make_tree_dirty(c);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+		lpt_tgc_start(c);
+	}
+
+	if (c->big_lpt)
+		populate_lsave(c);
+
+	cnt = get_cnodes_to_commit(c);
+	ubifs_assert(cnt != 0);
+
+	err = layout_cnodes(c);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	/* Copy the LPT's own lprops for end commit to write */
+	memcpy(c->ltab_cmt, c->ltab,
+	       sizeof(struct ubifs_lpt_lprops) * c->lpt_lebs);
+	c->lpt_drty_flgs &= ~(LTAB_DIRTY | LSAVE_DIRTY);
+
+out:
+	mutex_unlock(&c->lp_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
 /**
  * free_obsolete_cnodes - free obsolete cnodes for commit end.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
@@ -50,6 +1314,65 @@ static void free_obsolete_cnodes(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	c->lpt_cnext = NULL;
 }
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/**
+ * ubifs_lpt_end_commit - finish the commit operation.
+ * @c: the UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function has to be called when the commit operation finishes. It
+ * flushes the changes which were "frozen" by 'ubifs_lprops_start_commit()' to
+ * the media. Returns zero in case of success and a negative error code in case
+ * of failure.
+ */
+int ubifs_lpt_end_commit(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	dbg_lp("");
+
+	if (!c->lpt_cnext)
+		return 0;
+
+	err = write_cnodes(c);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	mutex_lock(&c->lp_mutex);
+	free_obsolete_cnodes(c);
+	mutex_unlock(&c->lp_mutex);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_lpt_post_commit - post commit LPT trivial GC and LPT GC.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * LPT trivial GC is completed after a commit. Also LPT GC is done after a
+ * commit for the "big" LPT model.
+ */
+int ubifs_lpt_post_commit(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	mutex_lock(&c->lp_mutex);
+	err = lpt_tgc_end(c);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+	if (c->big_lpt)
+		while (need_write_all(c)) {
+			mutex_unlock(&c->lp_mutex);
+			err = lpt_gc(c);
+			if (err)
+				return err;
+			mutex_lock(&c->lp_mutex);
+		}
+out:
+	mutex_unlock(&c->lp_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
 /**
  * first_nnode - find the first nnode in memory.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
@@ -169,3 +1492,549 @@ void ubifs_lpt_free(struct ubifs_info *c, int wr_only)
 	vfree(c->ltab);
 	kfree(c->lpt_nod_buf);
 }
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/*
+ * Everything below is related to debugging.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * dbg_is_all_ff - determine if a buffer contains only 0xFF bytes.
+ * @buf: buffer
+ * @len: buffer length
+ */
+static int dbg_is_all_ff(uint8_t *buf, int len)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
+		if (buf[i] != 0xff)
+			return 0;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_is_nnode_dirty - determine if a nnode is dirty.
+ * @c: the UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @lnum: LEB number where nnode was written
+ * @offs: offset where nnode was written
+ */
+static int dbg_is_nnode_dirty(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs)
+{
+	struct ubifs_nnode *nnode;
+	int hght;
+
+	/* Entire tree is in memory so first_nnode / next_nnode are OK */
+	nnode = first_nnode(c, &hght);
+	for (; nnode; nnode = next_nnode(c, nnode, &hght)) {
+		struct ubifs_nbranch *branch;
+
+		cond_resched();
+		if (nnode->parent) {
+			branch = &nnode->parent->nbranch[nnode->iip];
+			if (branch->lnum != lnum || branch->offs != offs)
+				continue;
+			if (test_bit(DIRTY_CNODE, &nnode->flags))
+				return 1;
+			return 0;
+		} else {
+			if (c->lpt_lnum != lnum || c->lpt_offs != offs)
+				continue;
+			if (test_bit(DIRTY_CNODE, &nnode->flags))
+				return 1;
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_is_pnode_dirty - determine if a pnode is dirty.
+ * @c: the UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @lnum: LEB number where pnode was written
+ * @offs: offset where pnode was written
+ */
+static int dbg_is_pnode_dirty(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs)
+{
+	int i, cnt;
+
+	cnt = DIV_ROUND_UP(c->main_lebs, UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT);
+	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
+		struct ubifs_pnode *pnode;
+		struct ubifs_nbranch *branch;
+
+		cond_resched();
+		pnode = pnode_lookup(c, i);
+		if (IS_ERR(pnode))
+			return PTR_ERR(pnode);
+		branch = &pnode->parent->nbranch[pnode->iip];
+		if (branch->lnum != lnum || branch->offs != offs)
+			continue;
+		if (test_bit(DIRTY_CNODE, &pnode->flags))
+			return 1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_is_ltab_dirty - determine if a ltab node is dirty.
+ * @c: the UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @lnum: LEB number where ltab node was written
+ * @offs: offset where ltab node was written
+ */
+static int dbg_is_ltab_dirty(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs)
+{
+	if (lnum != c->ltab_lnum || offs != c->ltab_offs)
+		return 1;
+	return (c->lpt_drty_flgs & LTAB_DIRTY) != 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_is_lsave_dirty - determine if a lsave node is dirty.
+ * @c: the UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @lnum: LEB number where lsave node was written
+ * @offs: offset where lsave node was written
+ */
+static int dbg_is_lsave_dirty(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs)
+{
+	if (lnum != c->lsave_lnum || offs != c->lsave_offs)
+		return 1;
+	return (c->lpt_drty_flgs & LSAVE_DIRTY) != 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_is_node_dirty - determine if a node is dirty.
+ * @c: the UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @node_type: node type
+ * @lnum: LEB number where node was written
+ * @offs: offset where node was written
+ */
+static int dbg_is_node_dirty(struct ubifs_info *c, int node_type, int lnum,
+			     int offs)
+{
+	switch (node_type) {
+	case UBIFS_LPT_NNODE:
+		return dbg_is_nnode_dirty(c, lnum, offs);
+	case UBIFS_LPT_PNODE:
+		return dbg_is_pnode_dirty(c, lnum, offs);
+	case UBIFS_LPT_LTAB:
+		return dbg_is_ltab_dirty(c, lnum, offs);
+	case UBIFS_LPT_LSAVE:
+		return dbg_is_lsave_dirty(c, lnum, offs);
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_check_ltab_lnum - check the ltab for a LPT LEB number.
+ * @c: the UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @lnum: LEB number where node was written
+ * @offs: offset where node was written
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+static int dbg_check_ltab_lnum(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum)
+{
+	int err, len = c->leb_size, dirty = 0, node_type, node_num, node_len;
+	int ret;
+	void *buf, *p;
+
+	if (!dbg_is_chk_lprops(c))
+		return 0;
+
+	buf = p = __vmalloc(c->leb_size, GFP_NOFS, PAGE_KERNEL);
+	if (!buf) {
+		ubifs_err("cannot allocate memory for ltab checking");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	dbg_lp("LEB %d", lnum);
+
+	err = ubifs_leb_read(c, lnum, buf, 0, c->leb_size, 1);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	while (1) {
+		if (!is_a_node(c, p, len)) {
+			int i, pad_len;
+
+			pad_len = get_pad_len(c, p, len);
+			if (pad_len) {
+				p += pad_len;
+				len -= pad_len;
+				dirty += pad_len;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!dbg_is_all_ff(p, len)) {
+				ubifs_err("invalid empty space in LEB %d at %d",
+					  lnum, c->leb_size - len);
+				err = -EINVAL;
+			}
+			i = lnum - c->lpt_first;
+			if (len != c->ltab[i].free) {
+				ubifs_err("invalid free space in LEB %d (free %d, expected %d)",
+					  lnum, len, c->ltab[i].free);
+				err = -EINVAL;
+			}
+			if (dirty != c->ltab[i].dirty) {
+				ubifs_err("invalid dirty space in LEB %d (dirty %d, expected %d)",
+					  lnum, dirty, c->ltab[i].dirty);
+				err = -EINVAL;
+			}
+			goto out;
+		}
+		node_type = get_lpt_node_type(c, p, &node_num);
+		node_len = get_lpt_node_len(c, node_type);
+		ret = dbg_is_node_dirty(c, node_type, lnum, c->leb_size - len);
+		if (ret == 1)
+			dirty += node_len;
+		p += node_len;
+		len -= node_len;
+	}
+
+	err = 0;
+out:
+	vfree(buf);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_check_ltab - check the free and dirty space in the ltab.
+ * @c: the UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int dbg_check_ltab(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int lnum, err, i, cnt;
+
+	if (!dbg_is_chk_lprops(c))
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Bring the entire tree into memory */
+	cnt = DIV_ROUND_UP(c->main_lebs, UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT);
+	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
+		struct ubifs_pnode *pnode;
+
+		pnode = pnode_lookup(c, i);
+		if (IS_ERR(pnode))
+			return PTR_ERR(pnode);
+		cond_resched();
+	}
+
+	/* Check nodes */
+	err = dbg_check_lpt_nodes(c, (struct ubifs_cnode *)c->nroot, 0, 0);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	/* Check each LEB */
+	for (lnum = c->lpt_first; lnum <= c->lpt_last; lnum++) {
+		err = dbg_check_ltab_lnum(c, lnum);
+		if (err) {
+			ubifs_err("failed at LEB %d", lnum);
+			return err;
+		}
+	}
+
+	dbg_lp("succeeded");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_chk_lpt_free_spc - check LPT free space is enough to write entire LPT.
+ * @c: the UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int dbg_chk_lpt_free_spc(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	long long free = 0;
+	int i;
+
+	if (!dbg_is_chk_lprops(c))
+		return 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < c->lpt_lebs; i++) {
+		if (c->ltab[i].tgc || c->ltab[i].cmt)
+			continue;
+		if (i + c->lpt_first == c->nhead_lnum)
+			free += c->leb_size - c->nhead_offs;
+		else if (c->ltab[i].free == c->leb_size)
+			free += c->leb_size;
+	}
+	if (free < c->lpt_sz) {
+		ubifs_err("LPT space error: free %lld lpt_sz %lld",
+			  free, c->lpt_sz);
+		ubifs_dump_lpt_info(c);
+		ubifs_dump_lpt_lebs(c);
+		dump_stack();
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_chk_lpt_sz - check LPT does not write more than LPT size.
+ * @c: the UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @action: what to do
+ * @len: length written
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ * The @action argument may be one of:
+ *   o %0 - LPT debugging checking starts, initialize debugging variables;
+ *   o %1 - wrote an LPT node, increase LPT size by @len bytes;
+ *   o %2 - switched to a different LEB and wasted @len bytes;
+ *   o %3 - check that we've written the right number of bytes.
+ *   o %4 - wasted @len bytes;
+ */
+int dbg_chk_lpt_sz(struct ubifs_info *c, int action, int len)
+{
+	struct ubifs_debug_info *d = c->dbg;
+	long long chk_lpt_sz, lpt_sz;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (!dbg_is_chk_lprops(c))
+		return 0;
+
+	switch (action) {
+	case 0:
+		d->chk_lpt_sz = 0;
+		d->chk_lpt_sz2 = 0;
+		d->chk_lpt_lebs = 0;
+		d->chk_lpt_wastage = 0;
+		if (c->dirty_pn_cnt > c->pnode_cnt) {
+			ubifs_err("dirty pnodes %d exceed max %d",
+				  c->dirty_pn_cnt, c->pnode_cnt);
+			err = -EINVAL;
+		}
+		if (c->dirty_nn_cnt > c->nnode_cnt) {
+			ubifs_err("dirty nnodes %d exceed max %d",
+				  c->dirty_nn_cnt, c->nnode_cnt);
+			err = -EINVAL;
+		}
+		return err;
+	case 1:
+		d->chk_lpt_sz += len;
+		return 0;
+	case 2:
+		d->chk_lpt_sz += len;
+		d->chk_lpt_wastage += len;
+		d->chk_lpt_lebs += 1;
+		return 0;
+	case 3:
+		chk_lpt_sz = c->leb_size;
+		chk_lpt_sz *= d->chk_lpt_lebs;
+		chk_lpt_sz += len - c->nhead_offs;
+		if (d->chk_lpt_sz != chk_lpt_sz) {
+			ubifs_err("LPT wrote %lld but space used was %lld",
+				  d->chk_lpt_sz, chk_lpt_sz);
+			err = -EINVAL;
+		}
+		if (d->chk_lpt_sz > c->lpt_sz) {
+			ubifs_err("LPT wrote %lld but lpt_sz is %lld",
+				  d->chk_lpt_sz, c->lpt_sz);
+			err = -EINVAL;
+		}
+		if (d->chk_lpt_sz2 && d->chk_lpt_sz != d->chk_lpt_sz2) {
+			ubifs_err("LPT layout size %lld but wrote %lld",
+				  d->chk_lpt_sz, d->chk_lpt_sz2);
+			err = -EINVAL;
+		}
+		if (d->chk_lpt_sz2 && d->new_nhead_offs != len) {
+			ubifs_err("LPT new nhead offs: expected %d was %d",
+				  d->new_nhead_offs, len);
+			err = -EINVAL;
+		}
+		lpt_sz = (long long)c->pnode_cnt * c->pnode_sz;
+		lpt_sz += (long long)c->nnode_cnt * c->nnode_sz;
+		lpt_sz += c->ltab_sz;
+		if (c->big_lpt)
+			lpt_sz += c->lsave_sz;
+		if (d->chk_lpt_sz - d->chk_lpt_wastage > lpt_sz) {
+			ubifs_err("LPT chk_lpt_sz %lld + waste %lld exceeds %lld",
+				  d->chk_lpt_sz, d->chk_lpt_wastage, lpt_sz);
+			err = -EINVAL;
+		}
+		if (err) {
+			ubifs_dump_lpt_info(c);
+			ubifs_dump_lpt_lebs(c);
+			dump_stack();
+		}
+		d->chk_lpt_sz2 = d->chk_lpt_sz;
+		d->chk_lpt_sz = 0;
+		d->chk_lpt_wastage = 0;
+		d->chk_lpt_lebs = 0;
+		d->new_nhead_offs = len;
+		return err;
+	case 4:
+		d->chk_lpt_sz += len;
+		d->chk_lpt_wastage += len;
+		return 0;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_dump_lpt_leb - dump an LPT LEB.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @lnum: LEB number to dump
+ *
+ * This function dumps an LEB from LPT area. Nodes in this area are very
+ * different to nodes in the main area (e.g., they do not have common headers,
+ * they do not have 8-byte alignments, etc), so we have a separate function to
+ * dump LPT area LEBs. Note, LPT has to be locked by the caller.
+ */
+static void dump_lpt_leb(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum)
+{
+	int err, len = c->leb_size, node_type, node_num, node_len, offs;
+	void *buf, *p;
+
+	pr_err("(pid %d) start dumping LEB %d\n", current->pid, lnum);
+	buf = p = __vmalloc(c->leb_size, GFP_NOFS, PAGE_KERNEL);
+	if (!buf) {
+		ubifs_err("cannot allocate memory to dump LPT");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	err = ubifs_leb_read(c, lnum, buf, 0, c->leb_size, 1);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	while (1) {
+		offs = c->leb_size - len;
+		if (!is_a_node(c, p, len)) {
+			int pad_len;
+
+			pad_len = get_pad_len(c, p, len);
+			if (pad_len) {
+				pr_err("LEB %d:%d, pad %d bytes\n",
+				       lnum, offs, pad_len);
+				p += pad_len;
+				len -= pad_len;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (len)
+				pr_err("LEB %d:%d, free %d bytes\n",
+				       lnum, offs, len);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		node_type = get_lpt_node_type(c, p, &node_num);
+		switch (node_type) {
+		case UBIFS_LPT_PNODE:
+		{
+			node_len = c->pnode_sz;
+			if (c->big_lpt)
+				pr_err("LEB %d:%d, pnode num %d\n",
+				       lnum, offs, node_num);
+			else
+				pr_err("LEB %d:%d, pnode\n", lnum, offs);
+			break;
+		}
+		case UBIFS_LPT_NNODE:
+		{
+			int i;
+			struct ubifs_nnode nnode;
+
+			node_len = c->nnode_sz;
+			if (c->big_lpt)
+				pr_err("LEB %d:%d, nnode num %d, ",
+				       lnum, offs, node_num);
+			else
+				pr_err("LEB %d:%d, nnode, ",
+				       lnum, offs);
+			err = ubifs_unpack_nnode(c, p, &nnode);
+			for (i = 0; i < UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT; i++) {
+				pr_cont("%d:%d", nnode.nbranch[i].lnum,
+				       nnode.nbranch[i].offs);
+				if (i != UBIFS_LPT_FANOUT - 1)
+					pr_cont(", ");
+			}
+			pr_cont("\n");
+			break;
+		}
+		case UBIFS_LPT_LTAB:
+			node_len = c->ltab_sz;
+			pr_err("LEB %d:%d, ltab\n", lnum, offs);
+			break;
+		case UBIFS_LPT_LSAVE:
+			node_len = c->lsave_sz;
+			pr_err("LEB %d:%d, lsave len\n", lnum, offs);
+			break;
+		default:
+			ubifs_err("LPT node type %d not recognized", node_type);
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		p += node_len;
+		len -= node_len;
+	}
+
+	pr_err("(pid %d) finish dumping LEB %d\n", current->pid, lnum);
+out:
+	vfree(buf);
+	return;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_dump_lpt_lebs - dump LPT lebs.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function dumps all LPT LEBs. The caller has to make sure the LPT is
+ * locked.
+ */
+void ubifs_dump_lpt_lebs(const struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	pr_err("(pid %d) start dumping all LPT LEBs\n", current->pid);
+	for (i = 0; i < c->lpt_lebs; i++)
+		dump_lpt_leb(c, i + c->lpt_first);
+	pr_err("(pid %d) finish dumping all LPT LEBs\n", current->pid);
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_populate_lsave - debugging version of 'populate_lsave()'
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This is a debugging version for 'populate_lsave()' which populates lsave
+ * with random LEBs instead of useful LEBs, which is good for test coverage.
+ * Returns zero if lsave has not been populated (this debugging feature is
+ * disabled) an non-zero if lsave has been populated.
+ */
+static int dbg_populate_lsave(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	struct ubifs_lprops *lprops;
+	struct ubifs_lpt_heap *heap;
+	int i;
+
+	if (!dbg_is_chk_gen(c))
+		return 0;
+	if (prandom_u32() & 3)
+		return 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < c->lsave_cnt; i++)
+		c->lsave[i] = c->main_first;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(lprops, &c->empty_list, list)
+		c->lsave[prandom_u32() % c->lsave_cnt] = lprops->lnum;
+	list_for_each_entry(lprops, &c->freeable_list, list)
+		c->lsave[prandom_u32() % c->lsave_cnt] = lprops->lnum;
+	list_for_each_entry(lprops, &c->frdi_idx_list, list)
+		c->lsave[prandom_u32() % c->lsave_cnt] = lprops->lnum;
+
+	heap = &c->lpt_heap[LPROPS_DIRTY_IDX - 1];
+	for (i = 0; i < heap->cnt; i++)
+		c->lsave[prandom_u32() % c->lsave_cnt] = heap->arr[i]->lnum;
+	heap = &c->lpt_heap[LPROPS_DIRTY - 1];
+	for (i = 0; i < heap->cnt; i++)
+		c->lsave[prandom_u32() % c->lsave_cnt] = heap->arr[i]->lnum;
+	heap = &c->lpt_heap[LPROPS_FREE - 1];
+	for (i = 0; i < heap->cnt; i++)
+		c->lsave[prandom_u32() % c->lsave_cnt] = heap->arr[i]->lnum;
+
+	return 1;
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/master.c b/fs/ubifs/master.c
index 3f2926e870..00ca855e81 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/master.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/master.c
@@ -3,18 +3,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Nokia Corporation.
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
- * more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
- * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
- * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
  *
  * Authors: Artem Bityutskiy (Битюцкий Артём)
  *          Adrian Hunter
@@ -22,14 +11,21 @@
 
 /* This file implements reading and writing the master node */
 
+#define __UBOOT__
 #include "ubifs.h"
+#ifdef __UBOOT__
+#include <linux/compat.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <ubi_uboot.h>
+#endif
 
 /**
  * scan_for_master - search the valid master node.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  *
  * This function scans the master node LEBs and search for the latest master
- * node. Returns zero in case of success and a negative error code in case of
+ * node. Returns zero in case of success, %-EUCLEAN if there master area is
+ * corrupted and requires recovery, and a negative error code in case of
  * failure.
  */
 static int scan_for_master(struct ubifs_info *c)
@@ -40,7 +36,7 @@ static int scan_for_master(struct ubifs_info *c)
 
 	lnum = UBIFS_MST_LNUM;
 
-	sleb = ubifs_scan(c, lnum, 0, c->sbuf);
+	sleb = ubifs_scan(c, lnum, 0, c->sbuf, 1);
 	if (IS_ERR(sleb))
 		return PTR_ERR(sleb);
 	nodes_cnt = sleb->nodes_cnt;
@@ -48,7 +44,7 @@ static int scan_for_master(struct ubifs_info *c)
 		snod = list_entry(sleb->nodes.prev, struct ubifs_scan_node,
 				  list);
 		if (snod->type != UBIFS_MST_NODE)
-			goto out;
+			goto out_dump;
 		memcpy(c->mst_node, snod->node, snod->len);
 		offs = snod->offs;
 	}
@@ -56,7 +52,7 @@ static int scan_for_master(struct ubifs_info *c)
 
 	lnum += 1;
 
-	sleb = ubifs_scan(c, lnum, 0, c->sbuf);
+	sleb = ubifs_scan(c, lnum, 0, c->sbuf, 1);
 	if (IS_ERR(sleb))
 		return PTR_ERR(sleb);
 	if (sleb->nodes_cnt != nodes_cnt)
@@ -65,7 +61,7 @@ static int scan_for_master(struct ubifs_info *c)
 		goto out;
 	snod = list_entry(sleb->nodes.prev, struct ubifs_scan_node, list);
 	if (snod->type != UBIFS_MST_NODE)
-		goto out;
+		goto out_dump;
 	if (snod->offs != offs)
 		goto out;
 	if (memcmp((void *)c->mst_node + UBIFS_CH_SZ,
@@ -78,6 +74,12 @@ static int scan_for_master(struct ubifs_info *c)
 
 out:
 	ubifs_scan_destroy(sleb);
+	return -EUCLEAN;
+
+out_dump:
+	ubifs_err("unexpected node type %d master LEB %d:%d",
+		  snod->type, lnum, snod->offs);
+	ubifs_scan_destroy(sleb);
 	return -EINVAL;
 }
 
@@ -141,7 +143,7 @@ static int validate_master(const struct ubifs_info *c)
 	}
 
 	main_sz = (long long)c->main_lebs * c->leb_size;
-	if (c->old_idx_sz & 7 || c->old_idx_sz >= main_sz) {
+	if (c->bi.old_idx_sz & 7 || c->bi.old_idx_sz >= main_sz) {
 		err = 9;
 		goto out;
 	}
@@ -211,7 +213,7 @@ static int validate_master(const struct ubifs_info *c)
 	}
 
 	if (c->lst.total_dead + c->lst.total_dark +
-	    c->lst.total_used + c->old_idx_sz > main_sz) {
+	    c->lst.total_used + c->bi.old_idx_sz > main_sz) {
 		err = 21;
 		goto out;
 	}
@@ -234,7 +236,7 @@ static int validate_master(const struct ubifs_info *c)
 
 out:
 	ubifs_err("bad master node at offset %d error %d", c->mst_offs, err);
-	dbg_dump_node(c, c->mst_node);
+	ubifs_dump_node(c, c->mst_node);
 	return -EINVAL;
 }
 
@@ -256,7 +258,8 @@ int ubifs_read_master(struct ubifs_info *c)
 
 	err = scan_for_master(c);
 	if (err) {
-		err = ubifs_recover_master_node(c);
+		if (err == -EUCLEAN)
+			err = ubifs_recover_master_node(c);
 		if (err)
 			/*
 			 * Note, we do not free 'c->mst_node' here because the
@@ -278,7 +281,7 @@ int ubifs_read_master(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	c->gc_lnum         = le32_to_cpu(c->mst_node->gc_lnum);
 	c->ihead_lnum      = le32_to_cpu(c->mst_node->ihead_lnum);
 	c->ihead_offs      = le32_to_cpu(c->mst_node->ihead_offs);
-	c->old_idx_sz      = le64_to_cpu(c->mst_node->index_size);
+	c->bi.old_idx_sz   = le64_to_cpu(c->mst_node->index_size);
 	c->lpt_lnum        = le32_to_cpu(c->mst_node->lpt_lnum);
 	c->lpt_offs        = le32_to_cpu(c->mst_node->lpt_offs);
 	c->nhead_lnum      = le32_to_cpu(c->mst_node->nhead_lnum);
@@ -297,7 +300,7 @@ int ubifs_read_master(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	c->lst.total_dead  = le64_to_cpu(c->mst_node->total_dead);
 	c->lst.total_dark  = le64_to_cpu(c->mst_node->total_dark);
 
-	c->calc_idx_sz = c->old_idx_sz;
+	c->calc_idx_sz = c->bi.old_idx_sz;
 
 	if (c->mst_node->flags & cpu_to_le32(UBIFS_MST_NO_ORPHS))
 		c->no_orphs = 1;
@@ -309,7 +312,7 @@ int ubifs_read_master(struct ubifs_info *c)
 		if (c->leb_cnt < old_leb_cnt ||
 		    c->leb_cnt < UBIFS_MIN_LEB_CNT) {
 			ubifs_err("bad leb_cnt on master node");
-			dbg_dump_node(c, c->mst_node);
+			ubifs_dump_node(c, c->mst_node);
 			return -EINVAL;
 		}
 
@@ -335,7 +338,58 @@ int ubifs_read_master(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	if (err)
 		return err;
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
 	err = dbg_old_index_check_init(c, &c->zroot);
+#endif
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/**
+ * ubifs_write_master - write master node.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function writes the master node. The caller has to take the
+ * @c->mst_mutex lock before calling this function. Returns zero in case of
+ * success and a negative error code in case of failure. The master node is
+ * written twice to enable recovery.
+ */
+int ubifs_write_master(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int err, lnum, offs, len;
+
+	ubifs_assert(!c->ro_media && !c->ro_mount);
+	if (c->ro_error)
+		return -EROFS;
+
+	lnum = UBIFS_MST_LNUM;
+	offs = c->mst_offs + c->mst_node_alsz;
+	len = UBIFS_MST_NODE_SZ;
+
+	if (offs + UBIFS_MST_NODE_SZ > c->leb_size) {
+		err = ubifs_leb_unmap(c, lnum);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+		offs = 0;
+	}
+
+	c->mst_offs = offs;
+	c->mst_node->highest_inum = cpu_to_le64(c->highest_inum);
+
+	err = ubifs_write_node(c, c->mst_node, len, lnum, offs);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	lnum += 1;
+
+	if (offs == 0) {
+		err = ubifs_leb_unmap(c, lnum);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	}
+	err = ubifs_write_node(c, c->mst_node, len, lnum, offs);
 
 	return err;
 }
+#endif
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/misc.h b/fs/ubifs/misc.h
index 609232e931..4316d3c8ae 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/misc.h
+++ b/fs/ubifs/misc.h
@@ -3,18 +3,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Nokia Corporation
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
- * more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
- * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
- * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
  *
  * Authors: Artem Bityutskiy (Битюцкий Артём)
  *          Adrian Hunter
@@ -27,6 +16,7 @@
 #ifndef __UBIFS_MISC_H__
 #define __UBIFS_MISC_H__
 
+#define __UBOOT__
 /**
  * ubifs_zn_dirty - check if znode is dirty.
  * @znode: znode to check
@@ -39,6 +29,29 @@ static inline int ubifs_zn_dirty(const struct ubifs_znode *znode)
 }
 
 /**
+ * ubifs_zn_obsolete - check if znode is obsolete.
+ * @znode: znode to check
+ *
+ * This helper function returns %1 if @znode is obsolete and %0 otherwise.
+ */
+static inline int ubifs_zn_obsolete(const struct ubifs_znode *znode)
+{
+	return !!test_bit(OBSOLETE_ZNODE, &znode->flags);
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_zn_cow - check if znode has to be copied on write.
+ * @znode: znode to check
+ *
+ * This helper function returns %1 if @znode is has COW flag set and %0
+ * otherwise.
+ */
+static inline int ubifs_zn_cow(const struct ubifs_znode *znode)
+{
+	return !!test_bit(COW_ZNODE, &znode->flags);
+}
+
+/**
  * ubifs_wake_up_bgt - wake up background thread.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  */
@@ -121,82 +134,27 @@ static inline int ubifs_wbuf_sync(struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf)
 	return err;
 }
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
 /**
- * ubifs_leb_unmap - unmap an LEB.
- * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
- * @lnum: LEB number to unmap
- *
- * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
- */
-static inline int ubifs_leb_unmap(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum)
-{
-	int err;
-
-	if (c->ro_media)
-		return -EROFS;
-	err = ubi_leb_unmap(c->ubi, lnum);
-	if (err) {
-		ubifs_err("unmap LEB %d failed, error %d", lnum, err);
-		return err;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/**
- * ubifs_leb_write - write to a LEB.
- * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
- * @lnum: LEB number to write
- * @buf: buffer to write from
- * @offs: offset within LEB to write to
- * @len: length to write
- * @dtype: data type
- *
- * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
- */
-static inline int ubifs_leb_write(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum,
-				  const void *buf, int offs, int len, int dtype)
-{
-	int err;
-
-	if (c->ro_media)
-		return -EROFS;
-	err = ubi_leb_write(c->ubi, lnum, buf, offs, len, dtype);
-	if (err) {
-		ubifs_err("writing %d bytes at %d:%d, error %d",
-			  len, lnum, offs, err);
-		return err;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/**
- * ubifs_leb_change - atomic LEB change.
- * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
- * @lnum: LEB number to write
- * @buf: buffer to write from
- * @len: length to write
- * @dtype: data type
+ * ubifs_encode_dev - encode device node IDs.
+ * @dev: UBIFS device node information
+ * @rdev: device IDs to encode
  *
- * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ * This is a helper function which encodes major/minor numbers of a device node
+ * into UBIFS device node description. We use standard Linux "new" and "huge"
+ * encodings.
  */
-static inline int ubifs_leb_change(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum,
-				   const void *buf, int len, int dtype)
+static inline int ubifs_encode_dev(union ubifs_dev_desc *dev, dev_t rdev)
 {
-	int err;
-
-	if (c->ro_media)
-		return -EROFS;
-	err = ubi_leb_change(c->ubi, lnum, buf, len, dtype);
-	if (err) {
-		ubifs_err("changing %d bytes in LEB %d, error %d",
-			  len, lnum, err);
-		return err;
+	if (new_valid_dev(rdev)) {
+		dev->new = cpu_to_le32(new_encode_dev(rdev));
+		return sizeof(dev->new);
+	} else {
+		dev->huge = cpu_to_le64(huge_encode_dev(rdev));
+		return sizeof(dev->huge);
 	}
-
-	return 0;
 }
+#endif
 
 /**
  * ubifs_add_dirt - add dirty space to LEB properties.
@@ -260,8 +218,24 @@ struct ubifs_branch *ubifs_idx_branch(const struct ubifs_info *c,
 static inline void *ubifs_idx_key(const struct ubifs_info *c,
 				  const struct ubifs_idx_node *idx)
 {
-	const __u8 *branch = idx->branches;
-	return (void *)((struct ubifs_branch *)branch)->key;
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	return (void *)((struct ubifs_branch *)idx->branches)->key;
+#else
+	struct ubifs_branch *tmp;
+
+	tmp = (struct ubifs_branch *)idx->branches;
+	return (void *)tmp->key;
+#endif
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_current_time - round current time to time granularity.
+ * @inode: inode
+ */
+static inline struct timespec ubifs_current_time(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	return (inode->i_sb->s_time_gran < NSEC_PER_SEC) ?
+		current_fs_time(inode->i_sb) : CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -308,4 +282,21 @@ static inline void ubifs_release_lprops(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	mutex_unlock(&c->lp_mutex);
 }
 
+/**
+ * ubifs_next_log_lnum - switch to the next log LEB.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @lnum: current log LEB
+ *
+ * This helper function returns the log LEB number which goes next after LEB
+ * 'lnum'.
+ */
+static inline int ubifs_next_log_lnum(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum)
+{
+	lnum += 1;
+	if (lnum > c->log_last)
+		lnum = UBIFS_LOG_LNUM;
+
+	return lnum;
+}
+
 #endif /* __UBIFS_MISC_H__ */
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/orphan.c b/fs/ubifs/orphan.c
index d091031b8b..4e42879b5d 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/orphan.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/orphan.c
@@ -3,22 +3,12 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Nokia Corporation.
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
- * more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
- * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
- * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
  *
  * Author: Adrian Hunter
  */
 
+#include <linux/err.h>
 #include "ubifs.h"
 
 /*
@@ -52,6 +42,166 @@
  * than the maximum number of orphans allowed.
  */
 
+static int dbg_check_orphans(struct ubifs_info *c);
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_add_orphan - add an orphan.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @inum: orphan inode number
+ *
+ * Add an orphan. This function is called when an inodes link count drops to
+ * zero.
+ */
+int ubifs_add_orphan(struct ubifs_info *c, ino_t inum)
+{
+	struct ubifs_orphan *orphan, *o;
+	struct rb_node **p, *parent = NULL;
+
+	orphan = kzalloc(sizeof(struct ubifs_orphan), GFP_NOFS);
+	if (!orphan)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	orphan->inum = inum;
+	orphan->new = 1;
+
+	spin_lock(&c->orphan_lock);
+	if (c->tot_orphans >= c->max_orphans) {
+		spin_unlock(&c->orphan_lock);
+		kfree(orphan);
+		return -ENFILE;
+	}
+	p = &c->orph_tree.rb_node;
+	while (*p) {
+		parent = *p;
+		o = rb_entry(parent, struct ubifs_orphan, rb);
+		if (inum < o->inum)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
+		else if (inum > o->inum)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
+		else {
+			ubifs_err("orphaned twice");
+			spin_unlock(&c->orphan_lock);
+			kfree(orphan);
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	c->tot_orphans += 1;
+	c->new_orphans += 1;
+	rb_link_node(&orphan->rb, parent, p);
+	rb_insert_color(&orphan->rb, &c->orph_tree);
+	list_add_tail(&orphan->list, &c->orph_list);
+	list_add_tail(&orphan->new_list, &c->orph_new);
+	spin_unlock(&c->orphan_lock);
+	dbg_gen("ino %lu", (unsigned long)inum);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_delete_orphan - delete an orphan.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @inum: orphan inode number
+ *
+ * Delete an orphan. This function is called when an inode is deleted.
+ */
+void ubifs_delete_orphan(struct ubifs_info *c, ino_t inum)
+{
+	struct ubifs_orphan *o;
+	struct rb_node *p;
+
+	spin_lock(&c->orphan_lock);
+	p = c->orph_tree.rb_node;
+	while (p) {
+		o = rb_entry(p, struct ubifs_orphan, rb);
+		if (inum < o->inum)
+			p = p->rb_left;
+		else if (inum > o->inum)
+			p = p->rb_right;
+		else {
+			if (o->del) {
+				spin_unlock(&c->orphan_lock);
+				dbg_gen("deleted twice ino %lu",
+					(unsigned long)inum);
+				return;
+			}
+			if (o->cmt) {
+				o->del = 1;
+				o->dnext = c->orph_dnext;
+				c->orph_dnext = o;
+				spin_unlock(&c->orphan_lock);
+				dbg_gen("delete later ino %lu",
+					(unsigned long)inum);
+				return;
+			}
+			rb_erase(p, &c->orph_tree);
+			list_del(&o->list);
+			c->tot_orphans -= 1;
+			if (o->new) {
+				list_del(&o->new_list);
+				c->new_orphans -= 1;
+			}
+			spin_unlock(&c->orphan_lock);
+			kfree(o);
+			dbg_gen("inum %lu", (unsigned long)inum);
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&c->orphan_lock);
+	ubifs_err("missing orphan ino %lu", (unsigned long)inum);
+	dump_stack();
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_orphan_start_commit - start commit of orphans.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * Start commit of orphans.
+ */
+int ubifs_orphan_start_commit(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	struct ubifs_orphan *orphan, **last;
+
+	spin_lock(&c->orphan_lock);
+	last = &c->orph_cnext;
+	list_for_each_entry(orphan, &c->orph_new, new_list) {
+		ubifs_assert(orphan->new);
+		ubifs_assert(!orphan->cmt);
+		orphan->new = 0;
+		orphan->cmt = 1;
+		*last = orphan;
+		last = &orphan->cnext;
+	}
+	*last = NULL;
+	c->cmt_orphans = c->new_orphans;
+	c->new_orphans = 0;
+	dbg_cmt("%d orphans to commit", c->cmt_orphans);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->orph_new);
+	if (c->tot_orphans == 0)
+		c->no_orphs = 1;
+	else
+		c->no_orphs = 0;
+	spin_unlock(&c->orphan_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * avail_orphs - calculate available space.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function returns the number of orphans that can be written in the
+ * available space.
+ */
+static int avail_orphs(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int avail_lebs, avail, gap;
+
+	avail_lebs = c->orph_lebs - (c->ohead_lnum - c->orph_first) - 1;
+	avail = avail_lebs *
+	       ((c->leb_size - UBIFS_ORPH_NODE_SZ) / sizeof(__le64));
+	gap = c->leb_size - c->ohead_offs;
+	if (gap >= UBIFS_ORPH_NODE_SZ + sizeof(__le64))
+		avail += (gap - UBIFS_ORPH_NODE_SZ) / sizeof(__le64);
+	return avail;
+}
+
 /**
  * tot_avail_orphs - calculate total space.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
@@ -70,6 +220,256 @@ static int tot_avail_orphs(struct ubifs_info *c)
 }
 
 /**
+ * do_write_orph_node - write a node to the orphan head.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @len: length of node
+ * @atomic: write atomically
+ *
+ * This function writes a node to the orphan head from the orphan buffer. If
+ * %atomic is not zero, then the write is done atomically. On success, %0 is
+ * returned, otherwise a negative error code is returned.
+ */
+static int do_write_orph_node(struct ubifs_info *c, int len, int atomic)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (atomic) {
+		ubifs_assert(c->ohead_offs == 0);
+		ubifs_prepare_node(c, c->orph_buf, len, 1);
+		len = ALIGN(len, c->min_io_size);
+		err = ubifs_leb_change(c, c->ohead_lnum, c->orph_buf, len);
+	} else {
+		if (c->ohead_offs == 0) {
+			/* Ensure LEB has been unmapped */
+			err = ubifs_leb_unmap(c, c->ohead_lnum);
+			if (err)
+				return err;
+		}
+		err = ubifs_write_node(c, c->orph_buf, len, c->ohead_lnum,
+				       c->ohead_offs);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * write_orph_node - write an orphan node.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @atomic: write atomically
+ *
+ * This function builds an orphan node from the cnext list and writes it to the
+ * orphan head. On success, %0 is returned, otherwise a negative error code
+ * is returned.
+ */
+static int write_orph_node(struct ubifs_info *c, int atomic)
+{
+	struct ubifs_orphan *orphan, *cnext;
+	struct ubifs_orph_node *orph;
+	int gap, err, len, cnt, i;
+
+	ubifs_assert(c->cmt_orphans > 0);
+	gap = c->leb_size - c->ohead_offs;
+	if (gap < UBIFS_ORPH_NODE_SZ + sizeof(__le64)) {
+		c->ohead_lnum += 1;
+		c->ohead_offs = 0;
+		gap = c->leb_size;
+		if (c->ohead_lnum > c->orph_last) {
+			/*
+			 * We limit the number of orphans so that this should
+			 * never happen.
+			 */
+			ubifs_err("out of space in orphan area");
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+	}
+	cnt = (gap - UBIFS_ORPH_NODE_SZ) / sizeof(__le64);
+	if (cnt > c->cmt_orphans)
+		cnt = c->cmt_orphans;
+	len = UBIFS_ORPH_NODE_SZ + cnt * sizeof(__le64);
+	ubifs_assert(c->orph_buf);
+	orph = c->orph_buf;
+	orph->ch.node_type = UBIFS_ORPH_NODE;
+	spin_lock(&c->orphan_lock);
+	cnext = c->orph_cnext;
+	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
+		orphan = cnext;
+		ubifs_assert(orphan->cmt);
+		orph->inos[i] = cpu_to_le64(orphan->inum);
+		orphan->cmt = 0;
+		cnext = orphan->cnext;
+		orphan->cnext = NULL;
+	}
+	c->orph_cnext = cnext;
+	c->cmt_orphans -= cnt;
+	spin_unlock(&c->orphan_lock);
+	if (c->cmt_orphans)
+		orph->cmt_no = cpu_to_le64(c->cmt_no);
+	else
+		/* Mark the last node of the commit */
+		orph->cmt_no = cpu_to_le64((c->cmt_no) | (1ULL << 63));
+	ubifs_assert(c->ohead_offs + len <= c->leb_size);
+	ubifs_assert(c->ohead_lnum >= c->orph_first);
+	ubifs_assert(c->ohead_lnum <= c->orph_last);
+	err = do_write_orph_node(c, len, atomic);
+	c->ohead_offs += ALIGN(len, c->min_io_size);
+	c->ohead_offs = ALIGN(c->ohead_offs, 8);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * write_orph_nodes - write orphan nodes until there are no more to commit.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @atomic: write atomically
+ *
+ * This function writes orphan nodes for all the orphans to commit. On success,
+ * %0 is returned, otherwise a negative error code is returned.
+ */
+static int write_orph_nodes(struct ubifs_info *c, int atomic)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	while (c->cmt_orphans > 0) {
+		err = write_orph_node(c, atomic);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	}
+	if (atomic) {
+		int lnum;
+
+		/* Unmap any unused LEBs after consolidation */
+		lnum = c->ohead_lnum + 1;
+		for (lnum = c->ohead_lnum + 1; lnum <= c->orph_last; lnum++) {
+			err = ubifs_leb_unmap(c, lnum);
+			if (err)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * consolidate - consolidate the orphan area.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function enables consolidation by putting all the orphans into the list
+ * to commit. The list is in the order that the orphans were added, and the
+ * LEBs are written atomically in order, so at no time can orphans be lost by
+ * an unclean unmount.
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+static int consolidate(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int tot_avail = tot_avail_orphs(c), err = 0;
+
+	spin_lock(&c->orphan_lock);
+	dbg_cmt("there is space for %d orphans and there are %d",
+		tot_avail, c->tot_orphans);
+	if (c->tot_orphans - c->new_orphans <= tot_avail) {
+		struct ubifs_orphan *orphan, **last;
+		int cnt = 0;
+
+		/* Change the cnext list to include all non-new orphans */
+		last = &c->orph_cnext;
+		list_for_each_entry(orphan, &c->orph_list, list) {
+			if (orphan->new)
+				continue;
+			orphan->cmt = 1;
+			*last = orphan;
+			last = &orphan->cnext;
+			cnt += 1;
+		}
+		*last = NULL;
+		ubifs_assert(cnt == c->tot_orphans - c->new_orphans);
+		c->cmt_orphans = cnt;
+		c->ohead_lnum = c->orph_first;
+		c->ohead_offs = 0;
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * We limit the number of orphans so that this should
+		 * never happen.
+		 */
+		ubifs_err("out of space in orphan area");
+		err = -EINVAL;
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&c->orphan_lock);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * commit_orphans - commit orphans.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function commits orphans to flash. On success, %0 is returned,
+ * otherwise a negative error code is returned.
+ */
+static int commit_orphans(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int avail, atomic = 0, err;
+
+	ubifs_assert(c->cmt_orphans > 0);
+	avail = avail_orphs(c);
+	if (avail < c->cmt_orphans) {
+		/* Not enough space to write new orphans, so consolidate */
+		err = consolidate(c);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+		atomic = 1;
+	}
+	err = write_orph_nodes(c, atomic);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * erase_deleted - erase the orphans marked for deletion.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * During commit, the orphans being committed cannot be deleted, so they are
+ * marked for deletion and deleted by this function. Also, the recovery
+ * adds killed orphans to the deletion list, and therefore they are deleted
+ * here too.
+ */
+static void erase_deleted(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	struct ubifs_orphan *orphan, *dnext;
+
+	spin_lock(&c->orphan_lock);
+	dnext = c->orph_dnext;
+	while (dnext) {
+		orphan = dnext;
+		dnext = orphan->dnext;
+		ubifs_assert(!orphan->new);
+		ubifs_assert(orphan->del);
+		rb_erase(&orphan->rb, &c->orph_tree);
+		list_del(&orphan->list);
+		c->tot_orphans -= 1;
+		dbg_gen("deleting orphan ino %lu", (unsigned long)orphan->inum);
+		kfree(orphan);
+	}
+	c->orph_dnext = NULL;
+	spin_unlock(&c->orphan_lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_orphan_end_commit - end commit of orphans.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * End commit of orphans.
+ */
+int ubifs_orphan_end_commit(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if (c->cmt_orphans != 0) {
+		err = commit_orphans(c);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	}
+	erase_deleted(c);
+	err = dbg_check_orphans(c);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
  * ubifs_clear_orphans - erase all LEBs used for orphans.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  *
@@ -128,6 +528,7 @@ static int insert_dead_orphan(struct ubifs_info *c, ino_t inum)
 	rb_link_node(&orphan->rb, parent, p);
 	rb_insert_color(&orphan->rb, &c->orph_tree);
 	list_add_tail(&orphan->list, &c->orph_list);
+	orphan->del = 1;
 	orphan->dnext = c->orph_dnext;
 	c->orph_dnext = orphan;
 	dbg_mnt("ino %lu, new %d, tot %d", (unsigned long)inum,
@@ -159,9 +560,9 @@ static int do_kill_orphans(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb,
 
 	list_for_each_entry(snod, &sleb->nodes, list) {
 		if (snod->type != UBIFS_ORPH_NODE) {
-			ubifs_err("invalid node type %d in orphan area at "
-				  "%d:%d", snod->type, sleb->lnum, snod->offs);
-			dbg_dump_node(c, snod->node);
+			ubifs_err("invalid node type %d in orphan area at %d:%d",
+				  snod->type, sleb->lnum, snod->offs);
+			ubifs_dump_node(c, snod->node);
 			return -EINVAL;
 		}
 
@@ -186,10 +587,9 @@ static int do_kill_orphans(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb,
 			 * number. That makes this orphan node, out of date.
 			 */
 			if (!first) {
-				ubifs_err("out of order commit number %llu in "
-					  "orphan node at %d:%d",
+				ubifs_err("out of order commit number %llu in orphan node at %d:%d",
 					  cmt_no, sleb->lnum, snod->offs);
-				dbg_dump_node(c, snod->node);
+				ubifs_dump_node(c, snod->node);
 				return -EINVAL;
 			}
 			dbg_rcvry("out of date LEB %d", sleb->lnum);
@@ -262,9 +662,11 @@ static int kill_orphans(struct ubifs_info *c)
 		struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb;
 
 		dbg_rcvry("LEB %d", lnum);
-		sleb = ubifs_scan(c, lnum, 0, c->sbuf);
+		sleb = ubifs_scan(c, lnum, 0, c->sbuf, 1);
 		if (IS_ERR(sleb)) {
-			sleb = ubifs_recover_leb(c, lnum, 0, c->sbuf, 0);
+			if (PTR_ERR(sleb) == -EUCLEAN)
+				sleb = ubifs_recover_leb(c, lnum, 0,
+							 c->sbuf, -1);
 			if (IS_ERR(sleb)) {
 				err = PTR_ERR(sleb);
 				break;
@@ -314,3 +716,232 @@ int ubifs_mount_orphans(struct ubifs_info *c, int unclean, int read_only)
 
 	return err;
 }
+
+/*
+ * Everything below is related to debugging.
+ */
+
+struct check_orphan {
+	struct rb_node rb;
+	ino_t inum;
+};
+
+struct check_info {
+	unsigned long last_ino;
+	unsigned long tot_inos;
+	unsigned long missing;
+	unsigned long long leaf_cnt;
+	struct ubifs_ino_node *node;
+	struct rb_root root;
+};
+
+static int dbg_find_orphan(struct ubifs_info *c, ino_t inum)
+{
+	struct ubifs_orphan *o;
+	struct rb_node *p;
+
+	spin_lock(&c->orphan_lock);
+	p = c->orph_tree.rb_node;
+	while (p) {
+		o = rb_entry(p, struct ubifs_orphan, rb);
+		if (inum < o->inum)
+			p = p->rb_left;
+		else if (inum > o->inum)
+			p = p->rb_right;
+		else {
+			spin_unlock(&c->orphan_lock);
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&c->orphan_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int dbg_ins_check_orphan(struct rb_root *root, ino_t inum)
+{
+	struct check_orphan *orphan, *o;
+	struct rb_node **p, *parent = NULL;
+
+	orphan = kzalloc(sizeof(struct check_orphan), GFP_NOFS);
+	if (!orphan)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	orphan->inum = inum;
+
+	p = &root->rb_node;
+	while (*p) {
+		parent = *p;
+		o = rb_entry(parent, struct check_orphan, rb);
+		if (inum < o->inum)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
+		else if (inum > o->inum)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
+		else {
+			kfree(orphan);
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	rb_link_node(&orphan->rb, parent, p);
+	rb_insert_color(&orphan->rb, root);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int dbg_find_check_orphan(struct rb_root *root, ino_t inum)
+{
+	struct check_orphan *o;
+	struct rb_node *p;
+
+	p = root->rb_node;
+	while (p) {
+		o = rb_entry(p, struct check_orphan, rb);
+		if (inum < o->inum)
+			p = p->rb_left;
+		else if (inum > o->inum)
+			p = p->rb_right;
+		else
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void dbg_free_check_tree(struct rb_root *root)
+{
+	struct check_orphan *o, *n;
+
+	rbtree_postorder_for_each_entry_safe(o, n, root, rb)
+		kfree(o);
+}
+
+static int dbg_orphan_check(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_zbranch *zbr,
+			    void *priv)
+{
+	struct check_info *ci = priv;
+	ino_t inum;
+	int err;
+
+	inum = key_inum(c, &zbr->key);
+	if (inum != ci->last_ino) {
+		/* Lowest node type is the inode node, so it comes first */
+		if (key_type(c, &zbr->key) != UBIFS_INO_KEY)
+			ubifs_err("found orphan node ino %lu, type %d",
+				  (unsigned long)inum, key_type(c, &zbr->key));
+		ci->last_ino = inum;
+		ci->tot_inos += 1;
+		err = ubifs_tnc_read_node(c, zbr, ci->node);
+		if (err) {
+			ubifs_err("node read failed, error %d", err);
+			return err;
+		}
+		if (ci->node->nlink == 0)
+			/* Must be recorded as an orphan */
+			if (!dbg_find_check_orphan(&ci->root, inum) &&
+			    !dbg_find_orphan(c, inum)) {
+				ubifs_err("missing orphan, ino %lu",
+					  (unsigned long)inum);
+				ci->missing += 1;
+			}
+	}
+	ci->leaf_cnt += 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int dbg_read_orphans(struct check_info *ci, struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb)
+{
+	struct ubifs_scan_node *snod;
+	struct ubifs_orph_node *orph;
+	ino_t inum;
+	int i, n, err;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(snod, &sleb->nodes, list) {
+		cond_resched();
+		if (snod->type != UBIFS_ORPH_NODE)
+			continue;
+		orph = snod->node;
+		n = (le32_to_cpu(orph->ch.len) - UBIFS_ORPH_NODE_SZ) >> 3;
+		for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+			inum = le64_to_cpu(orph->inos[i]);
+			err = dbg_ins_check_orphan(&ci->root, inum);
+			if (err)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int dbg_scan_orphans(struct ubifs_info *c, struct check_info *ci)
+{
+	int lnum, err = 0;
+	void *buf;
+
+	/* Check no-orphans flag and skip this if no orphans */
+	if (c->no_orphs)
+		return 0;
+
+	buf = __vmalloc(c->leb_size, GFP_NOFS, PAGE_KERNEL);
+	if (!buf) {
+		ubifs_err("cannot allocate memory to check orphans");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	for (lnum = c->orph_first; lnum <= c->orph_last; lnum++) {
+		struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb;
+
+		sleb = ubifs_scan(c, lnum, 0, buf, 0);
+		if (IS_ERR(sleb)) {
+			err = PTR_ERR(sleb);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		err = dbg_read_orphans(ci, sleb);
+		ubifs_scan_destroy(sleb);
+		if (err)
+			break;
+	}
+
+	vfree(buf);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int dbg_check_orphans(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	struct check_info ci;
+	int err;
+
+	if (!dbg_is_chk_orph(c))
+		return 0;
+
+	ci.last_ino = 0;
+	ci.tot_inos = 0;
+	ci.missing  = 0;
+	ci.leaf_cnt = 0;
+	ci.root = RB_ROOT;
+	ci.node = kmalloc(UBIFS_MAX_INO_NODE_SZ, GFP_NOFS);
+	if (!ci.node) {
+		ubifs_err("out of memory");
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	err = dbg_scan_orphans(c, &ci);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	err = dbg_walk_index(c, &dbg_orphan_check, NULL, &ci);
+	if (err) {
+		ubifs_err("cannot scan TNC, error %d", err);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (ci.missing) {
+		ubifs_err("%lu missing orphan(s)", ci.missing);
+		err = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	dbg_cmt("last inode number is %lu", ci.last_ino);
+	dbg_cmt("total number of inodes is %lu", ci.tot_inos);
+	dbg_cmt("total number of leaf nodes is %llu", ci.leaf_cnt);
+
+out:
+	dbg_free_check_tree(&ci.root);
+	kfree(ci.node);
+	return err;
+}
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/recovery.c b/fs/ubifs/recovery.c
index 744465005c..f54a440cd5 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/recovery.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/recovery.c
@@ -3,18 +3,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Nokia Corporation
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
- * more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
- * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
- * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
  *
  * Authors: Adrian Hunter
  *          Artem Bityutskiy (Битюцкий Артём)
@@ -23,13 +12,37 @@
 /*
  * This file implements functions needed to recover from unclean un-mounts.
  * When UBIFS is mounted, it checks a flag on the master node to determine if
- * an un-mount was completed sucessfully. If not, the process of mounting
- * incorparates additional checking and fixing of on-flash data structures.
+ * an un-mount was completed successfully. If not, the process of mounting
+ * incorporates additional checking and fixing of on-flash data structures.
  * UBIFS always cleans away all remnants of an unclean un-mount, so that
  * errors do not accumulate. However UBIFS defers recovery if it is mounted
  * read-only, and the flash is not modified in that case.
+ *
+ * The general UBIFS approach to the recovery is that it recovers from
+ * corruptions which could be caused by power cuts, but it refuses to recover
+ * from corruption caused by other reasons. And UBIFS tries to distinguish
+ * between these 2 reasons of corruptions and silently recover in the former
+ * case and loudly complain in the latter case.
+ *
+ * UBIFS writes only to erased LEBs, so it writes only to the flash space
+ * containing only 0xFFs. UBIFS also always writes strictly from the beginning
+ * of the LEB to the end. And UBIFS assumes that the underlying flash media
+ * writes in @c->max_write_size bytes at a time.
+ *
+ * Hence, if UBIFS finds a corrupted node at offset X, it expects only the min.
+ * I/O unit corresponding to offset X to contain corrupted data, all the
+ * following min. I/O units have to contain empty space (all 0xFFs). If this is
+ * not true, the corruption cannot be the result of a power cut, and UBIFS
+ * refuses to mount.
  */
 
+#define __UBOOT__
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+#include <linux/crc32.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#else
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#endif
 #include "ubifs.h"
 
 /**
@@ -52,6 +65,25 @@ static int is_empty(void *buf, int len)
 }
 
 /**
+ * first_non_ff - find offset of the first non-0xff byte.
+ * @buf: buffer to search in
+ * @len: length of buffer
+ *
+ * This function returns offset of the first non-0xff byte in @buf or %-1 if
+ * the buffer contains only 0xff bytes.
+ */
+static int first_non_ff(void *buf, int len)
+{
+	uint8_t *p = buf;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
+		if (*p++ != 0xff)
+			return i;
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/**
  * get_master_node - get the last valid master node allowing for corruption.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  * @lnum: LEB number
@@ -79,7 +111,7 @@ static int get_master_node(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, void **pbuf,
 	if (!sbuf)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
-	err = ubi_read(c->ubi, lnum, sbuf, 0, c->leb_size);
+	err = ubifs_leb_read(c, lnum, sbuf, 0, c->leb_size, 0);
 	if (err && err != -EBADMSG)
 		goto out_free;
 
@@ -175,10 +207,10 @@ static int write_rcvrd_mst_node(struct ubifs_info *c,
 	mst->flags |= cpu_to_le32(UBIFS_MST_RCVRY);
 
 	ubifs_prepare_node(c, mst, UBIFS_MST_NODE_SZ, 1);
-	err = ubi_leb_change(c->ubi, lnum, mst, sz, UBI_SHORTTERM);
+	err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum, mst, sz);
 	if (err)
 		goto out;
-	err = ubi_leb_change(c->ubi, lnum + 1, mst, sz, UBI_SHORTTERM);
+	err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum + 1, mst, sz);
 	if (err)
 		goto out;
 out:
@@ -236,7 +268,8 @@ int ubifs_recover_master_node(struct ubifs_info *c)
 				if (cor1)
 					goto out_err;
 				mst = mst1;
-			} else if (offs1 == 0 && offs2 + sz >= c->leb_size) {
+			} else if (offs1 == 0 &&
+				   c->leb_size - offs2 - sz < sz) {
 				/* 1st LEB was unmapped and written, 2nd not */
 				if (cor1)
 					goto out_err;
@@ -266,12 +299,12 @@ int ubifs_recover_master_node(struct ubifs_info *c)
 		mst = mst2;
 	}
 
-	dbg_rcvry("recovered master node from LEB %d",
+	ubifs_msg("recovered master node from LEB %d",
 		  (mst == mst1 ? UBIFS_MST_LNUM : UBIFS_MST_LNUM + 1));
 
 	memcpy(c->mst_node, mst, UBIFS_MST_NODE_SZ);
 
-	if ((c->vfs_sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY)) {
+	if (c->ro_mount) {
 		/* Read-only mode. Keep a copy for switching to rw mode */
 		c->rcvrd_mst_node = kmalloc(sz, GFP_KERNEL);
 		if (!c->rcvrd_mst_node) {
@@ -279,6 +312,40 @@ int ubifs_recover_master_node(struct ubifs_info *c)
 			goto out_free;
 		}
 		memcpy(c->rcvrd_mst_node, c->mst_node, UBIFS_MST_NODE_SZ);
+
+		/*
+		 * We had to recover the master node, which means there was an
+		 * unclean reboot. However, it is possible that the master node
+		 * is clean at this point, i.e., %UBIFS_MST_DIRTY is not set.
+		 * E.g., consider the following chain of events:
+		 *
+		 * 1. UBIFS was cleanly unmounted, so the master node is clean
+		 * 2. UBIFS is being mounted R/W and starts changing the master
+		 *    node in the first (%UBIFS_MST_LNUM). A power cut happens,
+		 *    so this LEB ends up with some amount of garbage at the
+		 *    end.
+		 * 3. UBIFS is being mounted R/O. We reach this place and
+		 *    recover the master node from the second LEB
+		 *    (%UBIFS_MST_LNUM + 1). But we cannot update the media
+		 *    because we are being mounted R/O. We have to defer the
+		 *    operation.
+		 * 4. However, this master node (@c->mst_node) is marked as
+		 *    clean (since the step 1). And if we just return, the
+		 *    mount code will be confused and won't recover the master
+		 *    node when it is re-mounter R/W later.
+		 *
+		 *    Thus, to force the recovery by marking the master node as
+		 *    dirty.
+		 */
+		c->mst_node->flags |= cpu_to_le32(UBIFS_MST_DIRTY);
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	} else {
+		/* Write the recovered master node */
+		c->max_sqnum = le64_to_cpu(mst->ch.sqnum) - 1;
+		err = write_rcvrd_mst_node(c, c->mst_node);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_free;
+#endif
 	}
 
 	vfree(buf2);
@@ -291,12 +358,12 @@ out_err:
 out_free:
 	ubifs_err("failed to recover master node");
 	if (mst1) {
-		dbg_err("dumping first master node");
-		dbg_dump_node(c, mst1);
+		ubifs_err("dumping first master node");
+		ubifs_dump_node(c, mst1);
 	}
 	if (mst2) {
-		dbg_err("dumping second master node");
-		dbg_dump_node(c, mst2);
+		ubifs_err("dumping second master node");
+		ubifs_dump_node(c, mst2);
 	}
 	vfree(buf2);
 	vfree(buf1);
@@ -335,44 +402,23 @@ int ubifs_write_rcvrd_mst_node(struct ubifs_info *c)
  * @offs: offset to check
  *
  * This function returns %1 if @offs was in the last write to the LEB whose data
- * is in @buf, otherwise %0 is returned.  The determination is made by checking
- * for subsequent empty space starting from the next min_io_size boundary (or a
- * bit less than the common header size if min_io_size is one).
+ * is in @buf, otherwise %0 is returned. The determination is made by checking
+ * for subsequent empty space starting from the next @c->max_write_size
+ * boundary.
  */
 static int is_last_write(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf, int offs)
 {
-	int empty_offs;
-	int check_len;
+	int empty_offs, check_len;
 	uint8_t *p;
 
-	if (c->min_io_size == 1) {
-		check_len = c->leb_size - offs;
-		p = buf + check_len;
-		for (; check_len > 0; check_len--)
-			if (*--p != 0xff)
-				break;
-		/*
-		 * 'check_len' is the size of the corruption which cannot be
-		 * more than the size of 1 node if it was caused by an unclean
-		 * unmount.
-		 */
-		if (check_len > UBIFS_MAX_NODE_SZ)
-			return 0;
-		return 1;
-	}
-
 	/*
-	 * Round up to the next c->min_io_size boundary i.e. 'offs' is in the
-	 * last wbuf written. After that should be empty space.
+	 * Round up to the next @c->max_write_size boundary i.e. @offs is in
+	 * the last wbuf written. After that should be empty space.
 	 */
-	empty_offs = ALIGN(offs + 1, c->min_io_size);
+	empty_offs = ALIGN(offs + 1, c->max_write_size);
 	check_len = c->leb_size - empty_offs;
 	p = buf + empty_offs - offs;
-
-	for (; check_len > 0; check_len--)
-		if (*p++ != 0xff)
-			return 0;
-	return 1;
+	return is_empty(p, check_len);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -385,7 +431,7 @@ static int is_last_write(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf, int offs)
  *
  * This function pads up to the next min_io_size boundary (if there is one) and
  * sets empty space to all 0xff. @buf, @offs and @len are updated to the next
- * min_io_size boundary (if there is one).
+ * @c->min_io_size boundary.
  */
 static void clean_buf(const struct ubifs_info *c, void **buf, int lnum,
 		      int *offs, int *len)
@@ -395,11 +441,6 @@ static void clean_buf(const struct ubifs_info *c, void **buf, int lnum,
 	lnum = lnum;
 	dbg_rcvry("cleaning corruption at %d:%d", lnum, *offs);
 
-	if (c->min_io_size == 1) {
-		memset(*buf, 0xff, c->leb_size - *offs);
-		return;
-	}
-
 	ubifs_assert(!(*offs & 7));
 	empty_offs = ALIGN(*offs, c->min_io_size);
 	pad_len = empty_offs - *offs;
@@ -429,7 +470,7 @@ static int no_more_nodes(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf, int len,
 	int skip, dlen = le32_to_cpu(ch->len);
 
 	/* Check for empty space after the corrupt node's common header */
-	skip = ALIGN(offs + UBIFS_CH_SZ, c->min_io_size) - offs;
+	skip = ALIGN(offs + UBIFS_CH_SZ, c->max_write_size) - offs;
 	if (is_empty(buf + skip, len - skip))
 		return 1;
 	/*
@@ -441,7 +482,7 @@ static int no_more_nodes(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf, int len,
 		return 0;
 	}
 	/* Now we know the corrupt node's length we can skip over it */
-	skip = ALIGN(offs + dlen, c->min_io_size) - offs;
+	skip = ALIGN(offs + dlen, c->max_write_size) - offs;
 	/* After which there should be empty space */
 	if (is_empty(buf + skip, len - skip))
 		return 1;
@@ -469,7 +510,7 @@ static int fix_unclean_leb(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb,
 		endpt = snod->offs + snod->len;
 	}
 
-	if ((c->vfs_sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY) && !c->remounting_rw) {
+	if (c->ro_mount && !c->remounting_rw) {
 		/* Add to recovery list */
 		struct ubifs_unclean_leb *ucleb;
 
@@ -481,21 +522,55 @@ static int fix_unclean_leb(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb,
 		ucleb->lnum = lnum;
 		ucleb->endpt = endpt;
 		list_add_tail(&ucleb->list, &c->unclean_leb_list);
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	} else {
+		/* Write the fixed LEB back to flash */
+		int err;
+
+		dbg_rcvry("fixing LEB %d start %d endpt %d",
+			  lnum, start, sleb->endpt);
+		if (endpt == 0) {
+			err = ubifs_leb_unmap(c, lnum);
+			if (err)
+				return err;
+		} else {
+			int len = ALIGN(endpt, c->min_io_size);
+
+			if (start) {
+				err = ubifs_leb_read(c, lnum, sleb->buf, 0,
+						     start, 1);
+				if (err)
+					return err;
+			}
+			/* Pad to min_io_size */
+			if (len > endpt) {
+				int pad_len = len - ALIGN(endpt, 8);
+
+				if (pad_len > 0) {
+					void *buf = sleb->buf + len - pad_len;
+
+					ubifs_pad(c, buf, pad_len);
+				}
+			}
+			err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum, sleb->buf, len);
+			if (err)
+				return err;
+		}
+#endif
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
 /**
- * drop_incomplete_group - drop nodes from an incomplete group.
+ * drop_last_group - drop the last group of nodes.
  * @sleb: scanned LEB information
  * @offs: offset of dropped nodes is returned here
  *
- * This function returns %1 if nodes are dropped and %0 otherwise.
+ * This is a helper function for 'ubifs_recover_leb()' which drops the last
+ * group of nodes of the scanned LEB.
  */
-static int drop_incomplete_group(struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb, int *offs)
+static void drop_last_group(struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb, int *offs)
 {
-	int dropped = 0;
-
 	while (!list_empty(&sleb->nodes)) {
 		struct ubifs_scan_node *snod;
 		struct ubifs_ch *ch;
@@ -504,15 +579,41 @@ static int drop_incomplete_group(struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb, int *offs)
 				  list);
 		ch = snod->node;
 		if (ch->group_type != UBIFS_IN_NODE_GROUP)
-			return dropped;
-		dbg_rcvry("dropping node at %d:%d", sleb->lnum, snod->offs);
+			break;
+
+		dbg_rcvry("dropping grouped node at %d:%d",
+			  sleb->lnum, snod->offs);
+		*offs = snod->offs;
+		list_del(&snod->list);
+		kfree(snod);
+		sleb->nodes_cnt -= 1;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * drop_last_node - drop the last node.
+ * @sleb: scanned LEB information
+ * @offs: offset of dropped nodes is returned here
+ * @grouped: non-zero if whole group of nodes have to be dropped
+ *
+ * This is a helper function for 'ubifs_recover_leb()' which drops the last
+ * node of the scanned LEB.
+ */
+static void drop_last_node(struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb, int *offs)
+{
+	struct ubifs_scan_node *snod;
+
+	if (!list_empty(&sleb->nodes)) {
+		snod = list_entry(sleb->nodes.prev, struct ubifs_scan_node,
+				  list);
+
+		dbg_rcvry("dropping last node at %d:%d",
+			  sleb->lnum, snod->offs);
 		*offs = snod->offs;
 		list_del(&snod->list);
 		kfree(snod);
 		sleb->nodes_cnt -= 1;
-		dropped = 1;
 	}
-	return dropped;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -521,33 +622,30 @@ static int drop_incomplete_group(struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb, int *offs)
  * @lnum: LEB number
  * @offs: offset
  * @sbuf: LEB-sized buffer to use
- * @grouped: nodes may be grouped for recovery
+ * @jhead: journal head number this LEB belongs to (%-1 if the LEB does not
+ *         belong to any journal head)
  *
  * This function does a scan of a LEB, but caters for errors that might have
  * been caused by the unclean unmount from which we are attempting to recover.
- *
- * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ * Returns %0 in case of success, %-EUCLEAN if an unrecoverable corruption is
+ * found, and a negative error code in case of failure.
  */
 struct ubifs_scan_leb *ubifs_recover_leb(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum,
-					 int offs, void *sbuf, int grouped)
+					 int offs, void *sbuf, int jhead)
 {
-	int err, len = c->leb_size - offs, need_clean = 0, quiet = 1;
-	int empty_chkd = 0, start = offs;
+	int ret = 0, err, len = c->leb_size - offs, start = offs, min_io_unit;
+	int grouped = jhead == -1 ? 0 : c->jheads[jhead].grouped;
 	struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb;
 	void *buf = sbuf + offs;
 
-	dbg_rcvry("%d:%d", lnum, offs);
+	dbg_rcvry("%d:%d, jhead %d, grouped %d", lnum, offs, jhead, grouped);
 
 	sleb = ubifs_start_scan(c, lnum, offs, sbuf);
 	if (IS_ERR(sleb))
 		return sleb;
 
-	if (sleb->ecc)
-		need_clean = 1;
-
+	ubifs_assert(len >= 8);
 	while (len >= 8) {
-		int ret;
-
 		dbg_scan("look at LEB %d:%d (%d bytes left)",
 			 lnum, offs, len);
 
@@ -557,8 +655,7 @@ struct ubifs_scan_leb *ubifs_recover_leb(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum,
 		 * Scan quietly until there is an error from which we cannot
 		 * recover
 		 */
-		ret = ubifs_scan_a_node(c, buf, len, lnum, offs, quiet);
-
+		ret = ubifs_scan_a_node(c, buf, len, lnum, offs, 1);
 		if (ret == SCANNED_A_NODE) {
 			/* A valid node, and not a padding node */
 			struct ubifs_ch *ch = buf;
@@ -571,98 +668,127 @@ struct ubifs_scan_leb *ubifs_recover_leb(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum,
 			offs += node_len;
 			buf += node_len;
 			len -= node_len;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if (ret > 0) {
+		} else if (ret > 0) {
 			/* Padding bytes or a valid padding node */
 			offs += ret;
 			buf += ret;
 			len -= ret;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if (ret == SCANNED_EMPTY_SPACE) {
-			if (!is_empty(buf, len)) {
-				if (!is_last_write(c, buf, offs))
-					break;
-				clean_buf(c, &buf, lnum, &offs, &len);
-				need_clean = 1;
-			}
-			empty_chkd = 1;
+		} else if (ret == SCANNED_EMPTY_SPACE ||
+			   ret == SCANNED_GARBAGE     ||
+			   ret == SCANNED_A_BAD_PAD_NODE ||
+			   ret == SCANNED_A_CORRUPT_NODE) {
+			dbg_rcvry("found corruption (%d) at %d:%d",
+				  ret, lnum, offs);
 			break;
+		} else {
+			ubifs_err("unexpected return value %d", ret);
+			err = -EINVAL;
+			goto error;
 		}
+	}
 
-		if (ret == SCANNED_GARBAGE || ret == SCANNED_A_BAD_PAD_NODE)
-			if (is_last_write(c, buf, offs)) {
-				clean_buf(c, &buf, lnum, &offs, &len);
-				need_clean = 1;
-				empty_chkd = 1;
-				break;
-			}
-
-		if (ret == SCANNED_A_CORRUPT_NODE)
-			if (no_more_nodes(c, buf, len, lnum, offs)) {
-				clean_buf(c, &buf, lnum, &offs, &len);
-				need_clean = 1;
-				empty_chkd = 1;
-				break;
-			}
-
-		if (quiet) {
-			/* Redo the last scan but noisily */
-			quiet = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
+	if (ret == SCANNED_GARBAGE || ret == SCANNED_A_BAD_PAD_NODE) {
+		if (!is_last_write(c, buf, offs))
+			goto corrupted_rescan;
+	} else if (ret == SCANNED_A_CORRUPT_NODE) {
+		if (!no_more_nodes(c, buf, len, lnum, offs))
+			goto corrupted_rescan;
+	} else if (!is_empty(buf, len)) {
+		if (!is_last_write(c, buf, offs)) {
+			int corruption = first_non_ff(buf, len);
 
-		switch (ret) {
-		case SCANNED_GARBAGE:
-			dbg_err("garbage");
-			goto corrupted;
-		case SCANNED_A_CORRUPT_NODE:
-		case SCANNED_A_BAD_PAD_NODE:
-			dbg_err("bad node");
-			goto corrupted;
-		default:
-			dbg_err("unknown");
+			/*
+			 * See header comment for this file for more
+			 * explanations about the reasons we have this check.
+			 */
+			ubifs_err("corrupt empty space LEB %d:%d, corruption starts at %d",
+				  lnum, offs, corruption);
+			/* Make sure we dump interesting non-0xFF data */
+			offs += corruption;
+			buf += corruption;
 			goto corrupted;
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (!empty_chkd && !is_empty(buf, len)) {
-		if (is_last_write(c, buf, offs)) {
-			clean_buf(c, &buf, lnum, &offs, &len);
-			need_clean = 1;
-		} else {
-			ubifs_err("corrupt empty space at LEB %d:%d",
-				  lnum, offs);
-			goto corrupted;
-		}
-	}
+	min_io_unit = round_down(offs, c->min_io_size);
+	if (grouped)
+		/*
+		 * If nodes are grouped, always drop the incomplete group at
+		 * the end.
+		 */
+		drop_last_group(sleb, &offs);
 
-	/* Drop nodes from incomplete group */
-	if (grouped && drop_incomplete_group(sleb, &offs)) {
-		buf = sbuf + offs;
-		len = c->leb_size - offs;
-		clean_buf(c, &buf, lnum, &offs, &len);
-		need_clean = 1;
+	if (jhead == GCHD) {
+		/*
+		 * If this LEB belongs to the GC head then while we are in the
+		 * middle of the same min. I/O unit keep dropping nodes. So
+		 * basically, what we want is to make sure that the last min.
+		 * I/O unit where we saw the corruption is dropped completely
+		 * with all the uncorrupted nodes which may possibly sit there.
+		 *
+		 * In other words, let's name the min. I/O unit where the
+		 * corruption starts B, and the previous min. I/O unit A. The
+		 * below code tries to deal with a situation when half of B
+		 * contains valid nodes or the end of a valid node, and the
+		 * second half of B contains corrupted data or garbage. This
+		 * means that UBIFS had been writing to B just before the power
+		 * cut happened. I do not know how realistic is this scenario
+		 * that half of the min. I/O unit had been written successfully
+		 * and the other half not, but this is possible in our 'failure
+		 * mode emulation' infrastructure at least.
+		 *
+		 * So what is the problem, why we need to drop those nodes? Why
+		 * can't we just clean-up the second half of B by putting a
+		 * padding node there? We can, and this works fine with one
+		 * exception which was reproduced with power cut emulation
+		 * testing and happens extremely rarely.
+		 *
+		 * Imagine the file-system is full, we run GC which starts
+		 * moving valid nodes from LEB X to LEB Y (obviously, LEB Y is
+		 * the current GC head LEB). The @c->gc_lnum is -1, which means
+		 * that GC will retain LEB X and will try to continue. Imagine
+		 * that LEB X is currently the dirtiest LEB, and the amount of
+		 * used space in LEB Y is exactly the same as amount of free
+		 * space in LEB X.
+		 *
+		 * And a power cut happens when nodes are moved from LEB X to
+		 * LEB Y. We are here trying to recover LEB Y which is the GC
+		 * head LEB. We find the min. I/O unit B as described above.
+		 * Then we clean-up LEB Y by padding min. I/O unit. And later
+		 * 'ubifs_rcvry_gc_commit()' function fails, because it cannot
+		 * find a dirty LEB which could be GC'd into LEB Y! Even LEB X
+		 * does not match because the amount of valid nodes there does
+		 * not fit the free space in LEB Y any more! And this is
+		 * because of the padding node which we added to LEB Y. The
+		 * user-visible effect of this which I once observed and
+		 * analysed is that we cannot mount the file-system with
+		 * -ENOSPC error.
+		 *
+		 * So obviously, to make sure that situation does not happen we
+		 * should free min. I/O unit B in LEB Y completely and the last
+		 * used min. I/O unit in LEB Y should be A. This is basically
+		 * what the below code tries to do.
+		 */
+		while (offs > min_io_unit)
+			drop_last_node(sleb, &offs);
 	}
 
-	if (offs % c->min_io_size) {
-		clean_buf(c, &buf, lnum, &offs, &len);
-		need_clean = 1;
-	}
+	buf = sbuf + offs;
+	len = c->leb_size - offs;
 
+	clean_buf(c, &buf, lnum, &offs, &len);
 	ubifs_end_scan(c, sleb, lnum, offs);
 
-	if (need_clean) {
-		err = fix_unclean_leb(c, sleb, start);
-		if (err)
-			goto error;
-	}
+	err = fix_unclean_leb(c, sleb, start);
+	if (err)
+		goto error;
 
 	return sleb;
 
+corrupted_rescan:
+	/* Re-scan the corrupted data with verbose messages */
+	ubifs_err("corruption %d", ret);
+	ubifs_scan_a_node(c, buf, len, lnum, offs, 1);
 corrupted:
 	ubifs_scanned_corruption(c, lnum, offs, buf);
 	err = -EUCLEAN;
@@ -693,22 +819,23 @@ static int get_cs_sqnum(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs,
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	if (c->leb_size - offs < UBIFS_CS_NODE_SZ)
 		goto out_err;
-	err = ubi_read(c->ubi, lnum, (void *)cs_node, offs, UBIFS_CS_NODE_SZ);
+	err = ubifs_leb_read(c, lnum, (void *)cs_node, offs,
+			     UBIFS_CS_NODE_SZ, 0);
 	if (err && err != -EBADMSG)
 		goto out_free;
 	ret = ubifs_scan_a_node(c, cs_node, UBIFS_CS_NODE_SZ, lnum, offs, 0);
 	if (ret != SCANNED_A_NODE) {
-		dbg_err("Not a valid node");
+		ubifs_err("Not a valid node");
 		goto out_err;
 	}
 	if (cs_node->ch.node_type != UBIFS_CS_NODE) {
-		dbg_err("Node a CS node, type is %d", cs_node->ch.node_type);
+		ubifs_err("Node a CS node, type is %d", cs_node->ch.node_type);
 		goto out_err;
 	}
 	if (le64_to_cpu(cs_node->cmt_no) != c->cmt_no) {
-		dbg_err("CS node cmt_no %llu != current cmt_no %llu",
-			(unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(cs_node->cmt_no),
-			c->cmt_no);
+		ubifs_err("CS node cmt_no %llu != current cmt_no %llu",
+			  (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(cs_node->cmt_no),
+			  c->cmt_no);
 		goto out_err;
 	}
 	*cs_sqnum = le64_to_cpu(cs_node->ch.sqnum);
@@ -732,7 +859,8 @@ out_free:
  * @sbuf: LEB-sized buffer to use
  *
  * This function does a scan of a LEB, but caters for errors that might have
- * been caused by the unclean unmount from which we are attempting to recover.
+ * been caused by unclean reboots from which we are attempting to recover
+ * (assume that only the last log LEB can be corrupted by an unclean reboot).
  *
  * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
  */
@@ -751,7 +879,7 @@ struct ubifs_scan_leb *ubifs_recover_log_leb(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum,
 		 * We can only recover at the end of the log, so check that the
 		 * next log LEB is empty or out of date.
 		 */
-		sleb = ubifs_scan(c, next_lnum, 0, sbuf);
+		sleb = ubifs_scan(c, next_lnum, 0, sbuf, 0);
 		if (IS_ERR(sleb))
 			return sleb;
 		if (sleb->nodes_cnt) {
@@ -770,15 +898,15 @@ struct ubifs_scan_leb *ubifs_recover_log_leb(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum,
 				}
 			}
 			if (snod->sqnum > cs_sqnum) {
-				ubifs_err("unrecoverable log corruption "
-					  "in LEB %d", lnum);
+				ubifs_err("unrecoverable log corruption in LEB %d",
+					  lnum);
 				ubifs_scan_destroy(sleb);
 				return ERR_PTR(-EUCLEAN);
 			}
 		}
 		ubifs_scan_destroy(sleb);
 	}
-	return ubifs_recover_leb(c, lnum, offs, sbuf, 0);
+	return ubifs_recover_leb(c, lnum, offs, sbuf, -1);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -792,15 +920,10 @@ struct ubifs_scan_leb *ubifs_recover_log_leb(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum,
  *
  * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
  */
-static int recover_head(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs,
-			void *sbuf)
+static int recover_head(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs, void *sbuf)
 {
-	int len, err, need_clean = 0;
+	int len = c->max_write_size, err;
 
-	if (c->min_io_size > 1)
-		len = c->min_io_size;
-	else
-		len = 512;
 	if (offs + len > c->leb_size)
 		len = c->leb_size - offs;
 
@@ -808,27 +931,15 @@ static int recover_head(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs,
 		return 0;
 
 	/* Read at the head location and check it is empty flash */
-	err = ubi_read(c->ubi, lnum, sbuf, offs, len);
-	if (err)
-		need_clean = 1;
-	else {
-		uint8_t *p = sbuf;
-
-		while (len--)
-			if (*p++ != 0xff) {
-				need_clean = 1;
-				break;
-			}
-	}
-
-	if (need_clean) {
+	err = ubifs_leb_read(c, lnum, sbuf, offs, len, 1);
+	if (err || !is_empty(sbuf, len)) {
 		dbg_rcvry("cleaning head at %d:%d", lnum, offs);
 		if (offs == 0)
 			return ubifs_leb_unmap(c, lnum);
-		err = ubi_read(c->ubi, lnum, sbuf, 0, offs);
+		err = ubifs_leb_read(c, lnum, sbuf, 0, offs, 1);
 		if (err)
 			return err;
-		return ubi_leb_change(c->ubi, lnum, sbuf, offs, UBI_UNKNOWN);
+		return ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum, sbuf, offs);
 	}
 
 	return 0;
@@ -851,11 +962,11 @@ static int recover_head(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs,
  *
  * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
  */
-int ubifs_recover_inl_heads(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *sbuf)
+int ubifs_recover_inl_heads(struct ubifs_info *c, void *sbuf)
 {
 	int err;
 
-	ubifs_assert(!(c->vfs_sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY) || c->remounting_rw);
+	ubifs_assert(!c->ro_mount || c->remounting_rw);
 
 	dbg_rcvry("checking index head at %d:%d", c->ihead_lnum, c->ihead_offs);
 	err = recover_head(c, c->ihead_lnum, c->ihead_offs, sbuf);
@@ -871,7 +982,7 @@ int ubifs_recover_inl_heads(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *sbuf)
 }
 
 /**
- *  clean_an_unclean_leb - read and write a LEB to remove corruption.
+ * clean_an_unclean_leb - read and write a LEB to remove corruption.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  * @ucleb: unclean LEB information
  * @sbuf: LEB-sized buffer to use
@@ -882,7 +993,7 @@ int ubifs_recover_inl_heads(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *sbuf)
  *
  * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
  */
-static int clean_an_unclean_leb(const struct ubifs_info *c,
+static int clean_an_unclean_leb(struct ubifs_info *c,
 				struct ubifs_unclean_leb *ucleb, void *sbuf)
 {
 	int err, lnum = ucleb->lnum, offs = 0, len = ucleb->endpt, quiet = 1;
@@ -898,7 +1009,7 @@ static int clean_an_unclean_leb(const struct ubifs_info *c,
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	err = ubi_read(c->ubi, lnum, buf, offs, len);
+	err = ubifs_leb_read(c, lnum, buf, offs, len, 0);
 	if (err && err != -EBADMSG)
 		return err;
 
@@ -958,7 +1069,7 @@ static int clean_an_unclean_leb(const struct ubifs_info *c,
 	}
 
 	/* Write back the LEB atomically */
-	err = ubi_leb_change(c->ubi, lnum, sbuf, len, UBI_UNKNOWN);
+	err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum, sbuf, len);
 	if (err)
 		return err;
 
@@ -978,7 +1089,7 @@ static int clean_an_unclean_leb(const struct ubifs_info *c,
  *
  * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
  */
-int ubifs_clean_lebs(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *sbuf)
+int ubifs_clean_lebs(struct ubifs_info *c, void *sbuf)
 {
 	dbg_rcvry("recovery");
 	while (!list_empty(&c->unclean_leb_list)) {
@@ -996,6 +1107,140 @@ int ubifs_clean_lebs(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *sbuf)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/**
+ * grab_empty_leb - grab an empty LEB to use as GC LEB and run commit.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This is a helper function for 'ubifs_rcvry_gc_commit()' which grabs an empty
+ * LEB to be used as GC LEB (@c->gc_lnum), and then runs the commit. Returns
+ * zero in case of success and a negative error code in case of failure.
+ */
+static int grab_empty_leb(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int lnum, err;
+
+	/*
+	 * Note, it is very important to first search for an empty LEB and then
+	 * run the commit, not vice-versa. The reason is that there might be
+	 * only one empty LEB at the moment, the one which has been the
+	 * @c->gc_lnum just before the power cut happened. During the regular
+	 * UBIFS operation (not now) @c->gc_lnum is marked as "taken", so no
+	 * one but GC can grab it. But at this moment this single empty LEB is
+	 * not marked as taken, so if we run commit - what happens? Right, the
+	 * commit will grab it and write the index there. Remember that the
+	 * index always expands as long as there is free space, and it only
+	 * starts consolidating when we run out of space.
+	 *
+	 * IOW, if we run commit now, we might not be able to find a free LEB
+	 * after this.
+	 */
+	lnum = ubifs_find_free_leb_for_idx(c);
+	if (lnum < 0) {
+		ubifs_err("could not find an empty LEB");
+		ubifs_dump_lprops(c);
+		ubifs_dump_budg(c, &c->bi);
+		return lnum;
+	}
+
+	/* Reset the index flag */
+	err = ubifs_change_one_lp(c, lnum, LPROPS_NC, LPROPS_NC, 0,
+				  LPROPS_INDEX, 0);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	c->gc_lnum = lnum;
+	dbg_rcvry("found empty LEB %d, run commit", lnum);
+
+	return ubifs_run_commit(c);
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_rcvry_gc_commit - recover the GC LEB number and run the commit.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * Out-of-place garbage collection requires always one empty LEB with which to
+ * start garbage collection. The LEB number is recorded in c->gc_lnum and is
+ * written to the master node on unmounting. In the case of an unclean unmount
+ * the value of gc_lnum recorded in the master node is out of date and cannot
+ * be used. Instead, recovery must allocate an empty LEB for this purpose.
+ * However, there may not be enough empty space, in which case it must be
+ * possible to GC the dirtiest LEB into the GC head LEB.
+ *
+ * This function also runs the commit which causes the TNC updates from
+ * size-recovery and orphans to be written to the flash. That is important to
+ * ensure correct replay order for subsequent mounts.
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int ubifs_rcvry_gc_commit(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf = &c->jheads[GCHD].wbuf;
+	struct ubifs_lprops lp;
+	int err;
+
+	dbg_rcvry("GC head LEB %d, offs %d", wbuf->lnum, wbuf->offs);
+
+	c->gc_lnum = -1;
+	if (wbuf->lnum == -1 || wbuf->offs == c->leb_size)
+		return grab_empty_leb(c);
+
+	err = ubifs_find_dirty_leb(c, &lp, wbuf->offs, 2);
+	if (err) {
+		if (err != -ENOSPC)
+			return err;
+
+		dbg_rcvry("could not find a dirty LEB");
+		return grab_empty_leb(c);
+	}
+
+	ubifs_assert(!(lp.flags & LPROPS_INDEX));
+	ubifs_assert(lp.free + lp.dirty >= wbuf->offs);
+
+	/*
+	 * We run the commit before garbage collection otherwise subsequent
+	 * mounts will see the GC and orphan deletion in a different order.
+	 */
+	dbg_rcvry("committing");
+	err = ubifs_run_commit(c);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	dbg_rcvry("GC'ing LEB %d", lp.lnum);
+	mutex_lock_nested(&wbuf->io_mutex, wbuf->jhead);
+	err = ubifs_garbage_collect_leb(c, &lp);
+	if (err >= 0) {
+		int err2 = ubifs_wbuf_sync_nolock(wbuf);
+
+		if (err2)
+			err = err2;
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&wbuf->io_mutex);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		ubifs_err("GC failed, error %d", err);
+		if (err == -EAGAIN)
+			err = -EINVAL;
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	ubifs_assert(err == LEB_RETAINED);
+	if (err != LEB_RETAINED)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	err = ubifs_leb_unmap(c, c->gc_lnum);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	dbg_rcvry("allocated LEB %d for GC", lp.lnum);
+	return 0;
+}
+#else
+int ubifs_rcvry_gc_commit(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
 /**
  * struct size_entry - inode size information for recovery.
  * @rb: link in the RB-tree of sizes
@@ -1090,6 +1335,23 @@ static void remove_ino(struct ubifs_info *c, ino_t inum)
 }
 
 /**
+ * ubifs_destroy_size_tree - free resources related to the size tree.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ */
+void ubifs_destroy_size_tree(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	struct size_entry *e, *n;
+
+	rbtree_postorder_for_each_entry_safe(e, n, &c->size_tree, rb) {
+		if (e->inode)
+			iput(e->inode);
+		kfree(e);
+	}
+
+	c->size_tree = RB_ROOT;
+}
+
+/**
  * ubifs_recover_size_accum - accumulate inode sizes for recovery.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  * @key: node key
@@ -1157,6 +1419,64 @@ int ubifs_recover_size_accum(struct ubifs_info *c, union ubifs_key *key,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/**
+ * fix_size_in_place - fix inode size in place on flash.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @e: inode size information for recovery
+ */
+static int fix_size_in_place(struct ubifs_info *c, struct size_entry *e)
+{
+	struct ubifs_ino_node *ino = c->sbuf;
+	unsigned char *p;
+	union ubifs_key key;
+	int err, lnum, offs, len;
+	loff_t i_size;
+	uint32_t crc;
+
+	/* Locate the inode node LEB number and offset */
+	ino_key_init(c, &key, e->inum);
+	err = ubifs_tnc_locate(c, &key, ino, &lnum, &offs);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+	/*
+	 * If the size recorded on the inode node is greater than the size that
+	 * was calculated from nodes in the journal then don't change the inode.
+	 */
+	i_size = le64_to_cpu(ino->size);
+	if (i_size >= e->d_size)
+		return 0;
+	/* Read the LEB */
+	err = ubifs_leb_read(c, lnum, c->sbuf, 0, c->leb_size, 1);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+	/* Change the size field and recalculate the CRC */
+	ino = c->sbuf + offs;
+	ino->size = cpu_to_le64(e->d_size);
+	len = le32_to_cpu(ino->ch.len);
+	crc = crc32(UBIFS_CRC32_INIT, (void *)ino + 8, len - 8);
+	ino->ch.crc = cpu_to_le32(crc);
+	/* Work out where data in the LEB ends and free space begins */
+	p = c->sbuf;
+	len = c->leb_size - 1;
+	while (p[len] == 0xff)
+		len -= 1;
+	len = ALIGN(len + 1, c->min_io_size);
+	/* Atomically write the fixed LEB back again */
+	err = ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum, c->sbuf, len);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+	dbg_rcvry("inode %lu at %d:%d size %lld -> %lld",
+		  (unsigned long)e->inum, lnum, offs, i_size, e->d_size);
+	return 0;
+
+out:
+	ubifs_warn("inode %lu failed to fix size %lld -> %lld error %d",
+		   (unsigned long)e->inum, e->i_size, e->d_size, err);
+	return err;
+}
+#endif
+
 /**
  * ubifs_recover_size - recover inode size.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
@@ -1196,30 +1516,48 @@ int ubifs_recover_size(struct ubifs_info *c)
 				e->i_size = le64_to_cpu(ino->size);
 			}
 		}
+
 		if (e->exists && e->i_size < e->d_size) {
-			if (!e->inode && (c->vfs_sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY)) {
+			if (c->ro_mount) {
 				/* Fix the inode size and pin it in memory */
 				struct inode *inode;
+				struct ubifs_inode *ui;
+
+				ubifs_assert(!e->inode);
 
 				inode = ubifs_iget(c->vfs_sb, e->inum);
 				if (IS_ERR(inode))
 					return PTR_ERR(inode);
+
+				ui = ubifs_inode(inode);
 				if (inode->i_size < e->d_size) {
 					dbg_rcvry("ino %lu size %lld -> %lld",
 						  (unsigned long)e->inum,
-						  e->d_size, inode->i_size);
+						  inode->i_size, e->d_size);
 					inode->i_size = e->d_size;
-					ubifs_inode(inode)->ui_size = e->d_size;
+					ui->ui_size = e->d_size;
+					ui->synced_i_size = e->d_size;
 					e->inode = inode;
 					this = rb_next(this);
 					continue;
 				}
 				iput(inode);
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+			} else {
+				/* Fix the size in place */
+				err = fix_size_in_place(c, e);
+				if (err)
+					return err;
+				if (e->inode)
+					iput(e->inode);
+#endif
 			}
 		}
+
 		this = rb_next(this);
 		rb_erase(&e->rb, &c->size_tree);
 		kfree(e);
 	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/replay.c b/fs/ubifs/replay.c
index da33a14ab6..6393b15b18 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/replay.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/replay.c
@@ -3,18 +3,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Nokia Corporation.
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
- * more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
- * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
- * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
  *
  * Authors: Adrian Hunter
  *          Artem Bityutskiy (Битюцкий Артём)
@@ -32,44 +21,38 @@
  * larger is the journal, the more memory its index may consume.
  */
 
+#define __UBOOT__
+#ifdef __UBOOT__
+#include <linux/compat.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#endif
 #include "ubifs.h"
-
-/*
- * Replay flags.
- *
- * REPLAY_DELETION: node was deleted
- * REPLAY_REF: node is a reference node
- */
-enum {
-	REPLAY_DELETION = 1,
-	REPLAY_REF = 2,
-};
+#include <linux/list_sort.h>
 
 /**
- * struct replay_entry - replay tree entry.
+ * struct replay_entry - replay list entry.
  * @lnum: logical eraseblock number of the node
  * @offs: node offset
  * @len: node length
+ * @deletion: non-zero if this entry corresponds to a node deletion
  * @sqnum: node sequence number
- * @flags: replay flags
- * @rb: links the replay tree
+ * @list: links the replay list
  * @key: node key
  * @nm: directory entry name
  * @old_size: truncation old size
  * @new_size: truncation new size
- * @free: amount of free space in a bud
- * @dirty: amount of dirty space in a bud from padding and deletion nodes
  *
- * UBIFS journal replay must compare node sequence numbers, which means it must
- * build a tree of node information to insert into the TNC.
+ * The replay process first scans all buds and builds the replay list, then
+ * sorts the replay list in nodes sequence number order, and then inserts all
+ * the replay entries to the TNC.
  */
 struct replay_entry {
 	int lnum;
 	int offs;
 	int len;
+	unsigned int deletion:1;
 	unsigned long long sqnum;
-	int flags;
-	struct rb_node rb;
+	struct list_head list;
 	union ubifs_key key;
 	union {
 		struct qstr nm;
@@ -77,10 +60,6 @@ struct replay_entry {
 			loff_t old_size;
 			loff_t new_size;
 		};
-		struct {
-			int free;
-			int dirty;
-		};
 	};
 };
 
@@ -88,83 +67,117 @@ struct replay_entry {
  * struct bud_entry - entry in the list of buds to replay.
  * @list: next bud in the list
  * @bud: bud description object
- * @free: free bytes in the bud
  * @sqnum: reference node sequence number
+ * @free: free bytes in the bud
+ * @dirty: dirty bytes in the bud
  */
 struct bud_entry {
 	struct list_head list;
 	struct ubifs_bud *bud;
-	int free;
 	unsigned long long sqnum;
+	int free;
+	int dirty;
 };
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
 /**
  * set_bud_lprops - set free and dirty space used by a bud.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
- * @r: replay entry of bud
+ * @b: bud entry which describes the bud
+ *
+ * This function makes sure the LEB properties of bud @b are set correctly
+ * after the replay. Returns zero in case of success and a negative error code
+ * in case of failure.
  */
-static int set_bud_lprops(struct ubifs_info *c, struct replay_entry *r)
+static int set_bud_lprops(struct ubifs_info *c, struct bud_entry *b)
 {
 	const struct ubifs_lprops *lp;
 	int err = 0, dirty;
 
 	ubifs_get_lprops(c);
 
-	lp = ubifs_lpt_lookup_dirty(c, r->lnum);
+	lp = ubifs_lpt_lookup_dirty(c, b->bud->lnum);
 	if (IS_ERR(lp)) {
 		err = PTR_ERR(lp);
 		goto out;
 	}
 
 	dirty = lp->dirty;
-	if (r->offs == 0 && (lp->free != c->leb_size || lp->dirty != 0)) {
+	if (b->bud->start == 0 && (lp->free != c->leb_size || lp->dirty != 0)) {
 		/*
 		 * The LEB was added to the journal with a starting offset of
 		 * zero which means the LEB must have been empty. The LEB
-		 * property values should be lp->free == c->leb_size and
-		 * lp->dirty == 0, but that is not the case. The reason is that
-		 * the LEB was garbage collected. The garbage collector resets
-		 * the free and dirty space without recording it anywhere except
-		 * lprops, so if there is not a commit then lprops does not have
-		 * that information next time the file system is mounted.
+		 * property values should be @lp->free == @c->leb_size and
+		 * @lp->dirty == 0, but that is not the case. The reason is that
+		 * the LEB had been garbage collected before it became the bud,
+		 * and there was not commit inbetween. The garbage collector
+		 * resets the free and dirty space without recording it
+		 * anywhere except lprops, so if there was no commit then
+		 * lprops does not have that information.
 		 *
 		 * We do not need to adjust free space because the scan has told
 		 * us the exact value which is recorded in the replay entry as
-		 * r->free.
+		 * @b->free.
 		 *
 		 * However we do need to subtract from the dirty space the
 		 * amount of space that the garbage collector reclaimed, which
 		 * is the whole LEB minus the amount of space that was free.
 		 */
-		dbg_mnt("bud LEB %d was GC'd (%d free, %d dirty)", r->lnum,
+		dbg_mnt("bud LEB %d was GC'd (%d free, %d dirty)", b->bud->lnum,
 			lp->free, lp->dirty);
-		dbg_gc("bud LEB %d was GC'd (%d free, %d dirty)", r->lnum,
+		dbg_gc("bud LEB %d was GC'd (%d free, %d dirty)", b->bud->lnum,
 			lp->free, lp->dirty);
 		dirty -= c->leb_size - lp->free;
 		/*
 		 * If the replay order was perfect the dirty space would now be
-		 * zero. The order is not perfect because the the journal heads
+		 * zero. The order is not perfect because the journal heads
 		 * race with each other. This is not a problem but is does mean
 		 * that the dirty space may temporarily exceed c->leb_size
 		 * during the replay.
 		 */
 		if (dirty != 0)
-			dbg_msg("LEB %d lp: %d free %d dirty "
-				"replay: %d free %d dirty", r->lnum, lp->free,
-				lp->dirty, r->free, r->dirty);
+			dbg_mnt("LEB %d lp: %d free %d dirty replay: %d free %d dirty",
+				b->bud->lnum, lp->free, lp->dirty, b->free,
+				b->dirty);
 	}
-	lp = ubifs_change_lp(c, lp, r->free, dirty + r->dirty,
+	lp = ubifs_change_lp(c, lp, b->free, dirty + b->dirty,
 			     lp->flags | LPROPS_TAKEN, 0);
 	if (IS_ERR(lp)) {
 		err = PTR_ERR(lp);
 		goto out;
 	}
+
+	/* Make sure the journal head points to the latest bud */
+	err = ubifs_wbuf_seek_nolock(&c->jheads[b->bud->jhead].wbuf,
+				     b->bud->lnum, c->leb_size - b->free);
+
 out:
 	ubifs_release_lprops(c);
 	return err;
 }
 
 /**
+ * set_buds_lprops - set free and dirty space for all replayed buds.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function sets LEB properties for all replayed buds. Returns zero in
+ * case of success and a negative error code in case of failure.
+ */
+static int set_buds_lprops(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	struct bud_entry *b;
+	int err;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(b, &c->replay_buds, list) {
+		err = set_bud_lprops(c, b);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
  * trun_remove_range - apply a replay entry for a truncation to the TNC.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  * @r: replay entry of truncation
@@ -200,24 +213,22 @@ static int trun_remove_range(struct ubifs_info *c, struct replay_entry *r)
  */
 static int apply_replay_entry(struct ubifs_info *c, struct replay_entry *r)
 {
-	int err, deletion = ((r->flags & REPLAY_DELETION) != 0);
+	int err;
 
-	dbg_mnt("LEB %d:%d len %d flgs %d sqnum %llu %s", r->lnum,
-		r->offs, r->len, r->flags, r->sqnum, DBGKEY(&r->key));
+	dbg_mntk(&r->key, "LEB %d:%d len %d deletion %d sqnum %llu key ",
+		 r->lnum, r->offs, r->len, r->deletion, r->sqnum);
 
 	/* Set c->replay_sqnum to help deal with dangling branches. */
 	c->replay_sqnum = r->sqnum;
 
-	if (r->flags & REPLAY_REF)
-		err = set_bud_lprops(c, r);
-	else if (is_hash_key(c, &r->key)) {
-		if (deletion)
+	if (is_hash_key(c, &r->key)) {
+		if (r->deletion)
 			err = ubifs_tnc_remove_nm(c, &r->key, &r->nm);
 		else
 			err = ubifs_tnc_add_nm(c, &r->key, r->lnum, r->offs,
 					       r->len, &r->nm);
 	} else {
-		if (deletion)
+		if (r->deletion)
 			switch (key_type(c, &r->key)) {
 			case UBIFS_INO_KEY:
 			{
@@ -240,7 +251,7 @@ static int apply_replay_entry(struct ubifs_info *c, struct replay_entry *r)
 			return err;
 
 		if (c->need_recovery)
-			err = ubifs_recover_size_accum(c, &r->key, deletion,
+			err = ubifs_recover_size_accum(c, &r->key, r->deletion,
 						       r->new_size);
 	}
 
@@ -248,68 +259,77 @@ static int apply_replay_entry(struct ubifs_info *c, struct replay_entry *r)
 }
 
 /**
- * destroy_replay_tree - destroy the replay.
- * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * replay_entries_cmp - compare 2 replay entries.
+ * @priv: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @a: first replay entry
+ * @a: second replay entry
  *
- * Destroy the replay tree.
+ * This is a comparios function for 'list_sort()' which compares 2 replay
+ * entries @a and @b by comparing their sequence numer.  Returns %1 if @a has
+ * greater sequence number and %-1 otherwise.
  */
-static void destroy_replay_tree(struct ubifs_info *c)
+static int replay_entries_cmp(void *priv, struct list_head *a,
+			      struct list_head *b)
 {
-	struct rb_node *this = c->replay_tree.rb_node;
-	struct replay_entry *r;
-
-	while (this) {
-		if (this->rb_left) {
-			this = this->rb_left;
-			continue;
-		} else if (this->rb_right) {
-			this = this->rb_right;
-			continue;
-		}
-		r = rb_entry(this, struct replay_entry, rb);
-		this = rb_parent(this);
-		if (this) {
-			if (this->rb_left == &r->rb)
-				this->rb_left = NULL;
-			else
-				this->rb_right = NULL;
-		}
-		if (is_hash_key(c, &r->key))
-			kfree((void *)r->nm.name);
-		kfree(r);
-	}
-	c->replay_tree = RB_ROOT;
+	struct replay_entry *ra, *rb;
+
+	cond_resched();
+	if (a == b)
+		return 0;
+
+	ra = list_entry(a, struct replay_entry, list);
+	rb = list_entry(b, struct replay_entry, list);
+	ubifs_assert(ra->sqnum != rb->sqnum);
+	if (ra->sqnum > rb->sqnum)
+		return 1;
+	return -1;
 }
 
 /**
- * apply_replay_tree - apply the replay tree to the TNC.
+ * apply_replay_list - apply the replay list to the TNC.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  *
- * Apply the replay tree.
- * Returns zero in case of success and a negative error code in case of
- * failure.
+ * Apply all entries in the replay list to the TNC. Returns zero in case of
+ * success and a negative error code in case of failure.
  */
-static int apply_replay_tree(struct ubifs_info *c)
+static int apply_replay_list(struct ubifs_info *c)
 {
-	struct rb_node *this = rb_first(&c->replay_tree);
+	struct replay_entry *r;
+	int err;
 
-	while (this) {
-		struct replay_entry *r;
-		int err;
+	list_sort(c, &c->replay_list, &replay_entries_cmp);
 
+	list_for_each_entry(r, &c->replay_list, list) {
 		cond_resched();
 
-		r = rb_entry(this, struct replay_entry, rb);
 		err = apply_replay_entry(c, r);
 		if (err)
 			return err;
-		this = rb_next(this);
 	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
 /**
- * insert_node - insert a node to the replay tree.
+ * destroy_replay_list - destroy the replay.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * Destroy the replay list.
+ */
+static void destroy_replay_list(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	struct replay_entry *r, *tmp;
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(r, tmp, &c->replay_list, list) {
+		if (is_hash_key(c, &r->key))
+			kfree(r->nm.name);
+		list_del(&r->list);
+		kfree(r);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * insert_node - insert a node to the replay list
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  * @lnum: node logical eraseblock number
  * @offs: node offset
@@ -321,39 +341,25 @@ static int apply_replay_tree(struct ubifs_info *c)
  * @old_size: truncation old size
  * @new_size: truncation new size
  *
- * This function inserts a scanned non-direntry node to the replay tree. The
- * replay tree is an RB-tree containing @struct replay_entry elements which are
- * indexed by the sequence number. The replay tree is applied at the very end
- * of the replay process. Since the tree is sorted in sequence number order,
- * the older modifications are applied first. This function returns zero in
- * case of success and a negative error code in case of failure.
+ * This function inserts a scanned non-direntry node to the replay list. The
+ * replay list contains @struct replay_entry elements, and we sort this list in
+ * sequence number order before applying it. The replay list is applied at the
+ * very end of the replay process. Since the list is sorted in sequence number
+ * order, the older modifications are applied first. This function returns zero
+ * in case of success and a negative error code in case of failure.
  */
 static int insert_node(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs, int len,
 		       union ubifs_key *key, unsigned long long sqnum,
 		       int deletion, int *used, loff_t old_size,
 		       loff_t new_size)
 {
-	struct rb_node **p = &c->replay_tree.rb_node, *parent = NULL;
 	struct replay_entry *r;
 
+	dbg_mntk(key, "add LEB %d:%d, key ", lnum, offs);
+
 	if (key_inum(c, key) >= c->highest_inum)
 		c->highest_inum = key_inum(c, key);
 
-	dbg_mnt("add LEB %d:%d, key %s", lnum, offs, DBGKEY(key));
-	while (*p) {
-		parent = *p;
-		r = rb_entry(parent, struct replay_entry, rb);
-		if (sqnum < r->sqnum) {
-			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
-			continue;
-		} else if (sqnum > r->sqnum) {
-			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
-			continue;
-		}
-		ubifs_err("duplicate sqnum in replay");
-		return -EINVAL;
-	}
-
 	r = kzalloc(sizeof(struct replay_entry), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!r)
 		return -ENOMEM;
@@ -363,19 +369,18 @@ static int insert_node(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs, int len,
 	r->lnum = lnum;
 	r->offs = offs;
 	r->len = len;
+	r->deletion = !!deletion;
 	r->sqnum = sqnum;
-	r->flags = (deletion ? REPLAY_DELETION : 0);
+	key_copy(c, key, &r->key);
 	r->old_size = old_size;
 	r->new_size = new_size;
-	key_copy(c, key, &r->key);
 
-	rb_link_node(&r->rb, parent, p);
-	rb_insert_color(&r->rb, &c->replay_tree);
+	list_add_tail(&r->list, &c->replay_list);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 /**
- * insert_dent - insert a directory entry node into the replay tree.
+ * insert_dent - insert a directory entry node into the replay list.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  * @lnum: node logical eraseblock number
  * @offs: node offset
@@ -387,43 +392,25 @@ static int insert_node(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs, int len,
  * @deletion: non-zero if this is a deletion
  * @used: number of bytes in use in a LEB
  *
- * This function inserts a scanned directory entry node to the replay tree.
- * Returns zero in case of success and a negative error code in case of
- * failure.
- *
- * This function is also used for extended attribute entries because they are
- * implemented as directory entry nodes.
+ * This function inserts a scanned directory entry node or an extended
+ * attribute entry to the replay list. Returns zero in case of success and a
+ * negative error code in case of failure.
  */
 static int insert_dent(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs, int len,
 		       union ubifs_key *key, const char *name, int nlen,
 		       unsigned long long sqnum, int deletion, int *used)
 {
-	struct rb_node **p = &c->replay_tree.rb_node, *parent = NULL;
 	struct replay_entry *r;
 	char *nbuf;
 
+	dbg_mntk(key, "add LEB %d:%d, key ", lnum, offs);
 	if (key_inum(c, key) >= c->highest_inum)
 		c->highest_inum = key_inum(c, key);
 
-	dbg_mnt("add LEB %d:%d, key %s", lnum, offs, DBGKEY(key));
-	while (*p) {
-		parent = *p;
-		r = rb_entry(parent, struct replay_entry, rb);
-		if (sqnum < r->sqnum) {
-			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (sqnum > r->sqnum) {
-			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
-			continue;
-		}
-		ubifs_err("duplicate sqnum in replay");
-		return -EINVAL;
-	}
-
 	r = kzalloc(sizeof(struct replay_entry), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!r)
 		return -ENOMEM;
+
 	nbuf = kmalloc(nlen + 1, GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!nbuf) {
 		kfree(r);
@@ -435,19 +422,18 @@ static int insert_dent(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs, int len,
 	r->lnum = lnum;
 	r->offs = offs;
 	r->len = len;
+	r->deletion = !!deletion;
 	r->sqnum = sqnum;
+	key_copy(c, key, &r->key);
 	r->nm.len = nlen;
 	memcpy(nbuf, name, nlen);
 	nbuf[nlen] = '\0';
 	r->nm.name = nbuf;
-	r->flags = (deletion ? REPLAY_DELETION : 0);
-	key_copy(c, key, &r->key);
 
-	ubifs_assert(!*p);
-	rb_link_node(&r->rb, parent, p);
-	rb_insert_color(&r->rb, &c->replay_tree);
+	list_add_tail(&r->list, &c->replay_list);
 	return 0;
 }
+#endif
 
 /**
  * ubifs_validate_entry - validate directory or extended attribute entry node.
@@ -466,7 +452,7 @@ int ubifs_validate_entry(struct ubifs_info *c,
 	if (le32_to_cpu(dent->ch.len) != nlen + UBIFS_DENT_NODE_SZ + 1 ||
 	    dent->type >= UBIFS_ITYPES_CNT ||
 	    nlen > UBIFS_MAX_NLEN || dent->name[nlen] != 0 ||
-	    strnlen((char *)dent->name, nlen) != nlen ||
+	    strnlen(dent->name, nlen) != nlen ||
 	    le64_to_cpu(dent->inum) > MAX_INUM) {
 		ubifs_err("bad %s node", key_type == UBIFS_DENT_KEY ?
 			  "directory entry" : "extended attribute entry");
@@ -481,32 +467,94 @@ int ubifs_validate_entry(struct ubifs_info *c,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/**
+ * is_last_bud - check if the bud is the last in the journal head.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @bud: bud description object
+ *
+ * This function checks if bud @bud is the last bud in its journal head. This
+ * information is then used by 'replay_bud()' to decide whether the bud can
+ * have corruptions or not. Indeed, only last buds can be corrupted by power
+ * cuts. Returns %1 if this is the last bud, and %0 if not.
+ */
+static int is_last_bud(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_bud *bud)
+{
+	struct ubifs_jhead *jh = &c->jheads[bud->jhead];
+	struct ubifs_bud *next;
+	uint32_t data;
+	int err;
+
+	if (list_is_last(&bud->list, &jh->buds_list))
+		return 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * The following is a quirk to make sure we work correctly with UBIFS
+	 * images used with older UBIFS.
+	 *
+	 * Normally, the last bud will be the last in the journal head's list
+	 * of bud. However, there is one exception if the UBIFS image belongs
+	 * to older UBIFS. This is fairly unlikely: one would need to use old
+	 * UBIFS, then have a power cut exactly at the right point, and then
+	 * try to mount this image with new UBIFS.
+	 *
+	 * The exception is: it is possible to have 2 buds A and B, A goes
+	 * before B, and B is the last, bud B is contains no data, and bud A is
+	 * corrupted at the end. The reason is that in older versions when the
+	 * journal code switched the next bud (from A to B), it first added a
+	 * log reference node for the new bud (B), and only after this it
+	 * synchronized the write-buffer of current bud (A). But later this was
+	 * changed and UBIFS started to always synchronize the write-buffer of
+	 * the bud (A) before writing the log reference for the new bud (B).
+	 *
+	 * But because older UBIFS always synchronized A's write-buffer before
+	 * writing to B, we can recognize this exceptional situation but
+	 * checking the contents of bud B - if it is empty, then A can be
+	 * treated as the last and we can recover it.
+	 *
+	 * TODO: remove this piece of code in a couple of years (today it is
+	 * 16.05.2011).
+	 */
+	next = list_entry(bud->list.next, struct ubifs_bud, list);
+	if (!list_is_last(&next->list, &jh->buds_list))
+		return 0;
+
+	err = ubifs_leb_read(c, next->lnum, (char *)&data, next->start, 4, 1);
+	if (err)
+		return 0;
+
+	return data == 0xFFFFFFFF;
+}
+
 /**
  * replay_bud - replay a bud logical eraseblock.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
- * @lnum: bud logical eraseblock number to replay
- * @offs: bud start offset
- * @jhead: journal head to which this bud belongs
- * @free: amount of free space in the bud is returned here
- * @dirty: amount of dirty space from padding and deletion nodes is returned
- * here
+ * @b: bud entry which describes the bud
  *
- * This function returns zero in case of success and a negative error code in
- * case of failure.
+ * This function replays bud @bud, recovers it if needed, and adds all nodes
+ * from this bud to the replay list. Returns zero in case of success and a
+ * negative error code in case of failure.
  */
-static int replay_bud(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs, int jhead,
-		      int *free, int *dirty)
+static int replay_bud(struct ubifs_info *c, struct bud_entry *b)
 {
-	int err = 0, used = 0;
+	int is_last = is_last_bud(c, b->bud);
+	int err = 0, used = 0, lnum = b->bud->lnum, offs = b->bud->start;
 	struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb;
 	struct ubifs_scan_node *snod;
-	struct ubifs_bud *bud;
 
-	dbg_mnt("replay bud LEB %d, head %d", lnum, jhead);
-	if (c->need_recovery)
-		sleb = ubifs_recover_leb(c, lnum, offs, c->sbuf, jhead != GCHD);
+	dbg_mnt("replay bud LEB %d, head %d, offs %d, is_last %d",
+		lnum, b->bud->jhead, offs, is_last);
+
+	if (c->need_recovery && is_last)
+		/*
+		 * Recover only last LEBs in the journal heads, because power
+		 * cuts may cause corruptions only in these LEBs, because only
+		 * these LEBs could possibly be written to at the power cut
+		 * time.
+		 */
+		sleb = ubifs_recover_leb(c, lnum, offs, c->sbuf, b->bud->jhead);
 	else
-		sleb = ubifs_scan(c, lnum, offs, c->sbuf);
+		sleb = ubifs_scan(c, lnum, offs, c->sbuf, 0);
 	if (IS_ERR(sleb))
 		return PTR_ERR(sleb);
 
@@ -580,7 +628,7 @@ static int replay_bud(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs, int jhead,
 				goto out_dump;
 
 			err = insert_dent(c, lnum, snod->offs, snod->len,
-					  &snod->key, (char *)dent->name,
+					  &snod->key, dent->name,
 					  le16_to_cpu(dent->nlen), snod->sqnum,
 					  !le64_to_cpu(dent->inum), &used);
 			break;
@@ -620,15 +668,14 @@ static int replay_bud(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs, int jhead,
 			goto out;
 	}
 
-	bud = ubifs_search_bud(c, lnum);
-	if (!bud)
-		BUG();
-
+	ubifs_assert(ubifs_search_bud(c, lnum));
 	ubifs_assert(sleb->endpt - offs >= used);
 	ubifs_assert(sleb->endpt % c->min_io_size == 0);
 
-	*dirty = sleb->endpt - offs - used;
-	*free = c->leb_size - sleb->endpt;
+	b->dirty = sleb->endpt - offs - used;
+	b->free = c->leb_size - sleb->endpt;
+	dbg_mnt("bud LEB %d replied: dirty %d, free %d",
+		lnum, b->dirty, b->free);
 
 out:
 	ubifs_scan_destroy(sleb);
@@ -636,61 +683,12 @@ out:
 
 out_dump:
 	ubifs_err("bad node is at LEB %d:%d", lnum, snod->offs);
-	dbg_dump_node(c, snod->node);
+	ubifs_dump_node(c, snod->node);
 	ubifs_scan_destroy(sleb);
 	return -EINVAL;
 }
 
 /**
- * insert_ref_node - insert a reference node to the replay tree.
- * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
- * @lnum: node logical eraseblock number
- * @offs: node offset
- * @sqnum: sequence number
- * @free: amount of free space in bud
- * @dirty: amount of dirty space from padding and deletion nodes
- *
- * This function inserts a reference node to the replay tree and returns zero
- * in case of success or a negative error code in case of failure.
- */
-static int insert_ref_node(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs,
-			   unsigned long long sqnum, int free, int dirty)
-{
-	struct rb_node **p = &c->replay_tree.rb_node, *parent = NULL;
-	struct replay_entry *r;
-
-	dbg_mnt("add ref LEB %d:%d", lnum, offs);
-	while (*p) {
-		parent = *p;
-		r = rb_entry(parent, struct replay_entry, rb);
-		if (sqnum < r->sqnum) {
-			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
-			continue;
-		} else if (sqnum > r->sqnum) {
-			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
-			continue;
-		}
-		ubifs_err("duplicate sqnum in replay tree");
-		return -EINVAL;
-	}
-
-	r = kzalloc(sizeof(struct replay_entry), GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!r)
-		return -ENOMEM;
-
-	r->lnum = lnum;
-	r->offs = offs;
-	r->sqnum = sqnum;
-	r->flags = REPLAY_REF;
-	r->free = free;
-	r->dirty = dirty;
-
-	rb_link_node(&r->rb, parent, p);
-	rb_insert_color(&r->rb, &c->replay_tree);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/**
  * replay_buds - replay all buds.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  *
@@ -700,17 +698,16 @@ static int insert_ref_node(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs,
 static int replay_buds(struct ubifs_info *c)
 {
 	struct bud_entry *b;
-	int err, uninitialized_var(free), uninitialized_var(dirty);
+	int err;
+	unsigned long long prev_sqnum = 0;
 
 	list_for_each_entry(b, &c->replay_buds, list) {
-		err = replay_bud(c, b->bud->lnum, b->bud->start, b->bud->jhead,
-				 &free, &dirty);
-		if (err)
-			return err;
-		err = insert_ref_node(c, b->bud->lnum, b->bud->start, b->sqnum,
-				      free, dirty);
+		err = replay_bud(c, b);
 		if (err)
 			return err;
+
+		ubifs_assert(b->sqnum > prev_sqnum);
+		prev_sqnum = b->sqnum;
 	}
 
 	return 0;
@@ -831,10 +828,16 @@ static int replay_log_leb(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs, void *sbuf)
 	const struct ubifs_cs_node *node;
 
 	dbg_mnt("replay log LEB %d:%d", lnum, offs);
-	sleb = ubifs_scan(c, lnum, offs, sbuf);
+	sleb = ubifs_scan(c, lnum, offs, sbuf, c->need_recovery);
 	if (IS_ERR(sleb)) {
-		if (c->need_recovery)
-			sleb = ubifs_recover_log_leb(c, lnum, offs, sbuf);
+		if (PTR_ERR(sleb) != -EUCLEAN || !c->need_recovery)
+			return PTR_ERR(sleb);
+		/*
+		 * Note, the below function will recover this log LEB only if
+		 * it is the last, because unclean reboots can possibly corrupt
+		 * only the tail of the log.
+		 */
+		sleb = ubifs_recover_log_leb(c, lnum, offs, sbuf);
 		if (IS_ERR(sleb))
 			return PTR_ERR(sleb);
 	}
@@ -845,7 +848,6 @@ static int replay_log_leb(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs, void *sbuf)
 	}
 
 	node = sleb->buf;
-
 	snod = list_entry(sleb->nodes.next, struct ubifs_scan_node, list);
 	if (c->cs_sqnum == 0) {
 		/*
@@ -856,16 +858,15 @@ static int replay_log_leb(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs, void *sbuf)
 		 * numbers.
 		 */
 		if (snod->type != UBIFS_CS_NODE) {
-			dbg_err("first log node at LEB %d:%d is not CS node",
-				lnum, offs);
+			ubifs_err("first log node at LEB %d:%d is not CS node",
+				  lnum, offs);
 			goto out_dump;
 		}
 		if (le64_to_cpu(node->cmt_no) != c->cmt_no) {
-			dbg_err("first CS node at LEB %d:%d has wrong "
-				"commit number %llu expected %llu",
-				lnum, offs,
-				(unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(node->cmt_no),
-				c->cmt_no);
+			ubifs_err("first CS node at LEB %d:%d has wrong commit number %llu expected %llu",
+				  lnum, offs,
+				  (unsigned long long)le64_to_cpu(node->cmt_no),
+				  c->cmt_no);
 			goto out_dump;
 		}
 
@@ -887,12 +888,11 @@ static int replay_log_leb(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs, void *sbuf)
 
 	/* Make sure the first node sits at offset zero of the LEB */
 	if (snod->offs != 0) {
-		dbg_err("first node is not at zero offset");
+		ubifs_err("first node is not at zero offset");
 		goto out_dump;
 	}
 
 	list_for_each_entry(snod, &sleb->nodes, list) {
-
 		cond_resched();
 
 		if (snod->sqnum >= SQNUM_WATERMARK) {
@@ -901,8 +901,8 @@ static int replay_log_leb(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs, void *sbuf)
 		}
 
 		if (snod->sqnum < c->cs_sqnum) {
-			dbg_err("bad sqnum %llu, commit sqnum %llu",
-				snod->sqnum, c->cs_sqnum);
+			ubifs_err("bad sqnum %llu, commit sqnum %llu",
+				  snod->sqnum, c->cs_sqnum);
 			goto out_dump;
 		}
 
@@ -952,9 +952,9 @@ out:
 	return err;
 
 out_dump:
-	ubifs_err("log error detected while replying the log at LEB %d:%d",
+	ubifs_err("log error detected while replaying the log at LEB %d:%d",
 		  lnum, offs + snod->offs);
-	dbg_dump_node(c, snod->node);
+	ubifs_dump_node(c, snod->node);
 	ubifs_scan_destroy(sleb);
 	return -EINVAL;
 }
@@ -1004,67 +1004,64 @@ out:
  */
 int ubifs_replay_journal(struct ubifs_info *c)
 {
-	int err, i, lnum, offs, _free;
-	void *sbuf = NULL;
+	int err, lnum, free;
 
 	BUILD_BUG_ON(UBIFS_TRUN_KEY > 5);
 
 	/* Update the status of the index head in lprops to 'taken' */
-	_free = take_ihead(c);
-	if (_free < 0)
-		return _free; /* Error code */
+	free = take_ihead(c);
+	if (free < 0)
+		return free; /* Error code */
 
-	if (c->ihead_offs != c->leb_size - _free) {
+	if (c->ihead_offs != c->leb_size - free) {
 		ubifs_err("bad index head LEB %d:%d", c->ihead_lnum,
 			  c->ihead_offs);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
-	sbuf = vmalloc(c->leb_size);
-	if (!sbuf)
-		return -ENOMEM;
-
 	dbg_mnt("start replaying the journal");
-
 	c->replaying = 1;
-
 	lnum = c->ltail_lnum = c->lhead_lnum;
-	offs = c->lhead_offs;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < c->log_lebs; i++, lnum++) {
-		if (lnum >= UBIFS_LOG_LNUM + c->log_lebs) {
-			/*
-			 * The log is logically circular, we reached the last
-			 * LEB, switch to the first one.
-			 */
-			lnum = UBIFS_LOG_LNUM;
-			offs = 0;
-		}
-		err = replay_log_leb(c, lnum, offs, sbuf);
+	do {
+		err = replay_log_leb(c, lnum, 0, c->sbuf);
 		if (err == 1)
 			/* We hit the end of the log */
 			break;
 		if (err)
 			goto out;
-		offs = 0;
-	}
+		lnum = ubifs_next_log_lnum(c, lnum);
+	} while (lnum != c->ltail_lnum);
 
 	err = replay_buds(c);
 	if (err)
 		goto out;
 
-	err = apply_replay_tree(c);
+	err = apply_replay_list(c);
 	if (err)
 		goto out;
 
+	err = set_buds_lprops(c);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	/*
+	 * UBIFS budgeting calculations use @c->bi.uncommitted_idx variable
+	 * to roughly estimate index growth. Things like @c->bi.min_idx_lebs
+	 * depend on it. This means we have to initialize it to make sure
+	 * budgeting works properly.
+	 */
+	c->bi.uncommitted_idx = atomic_long_read(&c->dirty_zn_cnt);
+	c->bi.uncommitted_idx *= c->max_idx_node_sz;
+
 	ubifs_assert(c->bud_bytes <= c->max_bud_bytes || c->need_recovery);
-	dbg_mnt("finished, log head LEB %d:%d, max_sqnum %llu, "
-		"highest_inum %lu", c->lhead_lnum, c->lhead_offs, c->max_sqnum,
+	dbg_mnt("finished, log head LEB %d:%d, max_sqnum %llu, highest_inum %lu",
+		c->lhead_lnum, c->lhead_offs, c->max_sqnum,
 		(unsigned long)c->highest_inum);
 out:
-	destroy_replay_tree(c);
+	destroy_replay_list(c);
 	destroy_bud_list(c);
-	vfree(sbuf);
 	c->replaying = 0;
 	return err;
 }
+#endif
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/sb.c b/fs/ubifs/sb.c
index 00c9cd31a0..fc0194aa26 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/sb.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/sb.c
@@ -3,18 +3,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Nokia Corporation.
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
- * more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
- * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
- * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
  *
  * Authors: Artem Bityutskiy (Битюцкий Артём)
  *          Adrian Hunter
@@ -27,6 +16,18 @@
  */
 
 #include "ubifs.h"
+#define __UBOOT__
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/random.h>
+#include <linux/math64.h>
+#else
+
+#include <linux/compat.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <ubi_uboot.h>
+#include <linux/stat.h>
+#endif
 
 /*
  * Default journal size in logical eraseblocks as a percent of total
@@ -60,6 +61,282 @@
 /* Default time granularity in nanoseconds */
 #define DEFAULT_TIME_GRAN 1000000000
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/**
+ * create_default_filesystem - format empty UBI volume.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function creates default empty file-system. Returns zero in case of
+ * success and a negative error code in case of failure.
+ */
+static int create_default_filesystem(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	struct ubifs_sb_node *sup;
+	struct ubifs_mst_node *mst;
+	struct ubifs_idx_node *idx;
+	struct ubifs_branch *br;
+	struct ubifs_ino_node *ino;
+	struct ubifs_cs_node *cs;
+	union ubifs_key key;
+	int err, tmp, jnl_lebs, log_lebs, max_buds, main_lebs, main_first;
+	int lpt_lebs, lpt_first, orph_lebs, big_lpt, ino_waste, sup_flags = 0;
+	int min_leb_cnt = UBIFS_MIN_LEB_CNT;
+	long long tmp64, main_bytes;
+	__le64 tmp_le64;
+
+	/* Some functions called from here depend on the @c->key_len filed */
+	c->key_len = UBIFS_SK_LEN;
+
+	/*
+	 * First of all, we have to calculate default file-system geometry -
+	 * log size, journal size, etc.
+	 */
+	if (c->leb_cnt < 0x7FFFFFFF / DEFAULT_JNL_PERCENT)
+		/* We can first multiply then divide and have no overflow */
+		jnl_lebs = c->leb_cnt * DEFAULT_JNL_PERCENT / 100;
+	else
+		jnl_lebs = (c->leb_cnt / 100) * DEFAULT_JNL_PERCENT;
+
+	if (jnl_lebs < UBIFS_MIN_JNL_LEBS)
+		jnl_lebs = UBIFS_MIN_JNL_LEBS;
+	if (jnl_lebs * c->leb_size > DEFAULT_MAX_JNL)
+		jnl_lebs = DEFAULT_MAX_JNL / c->leb_size;
+
+	/*
+	 * The log should be large enough to fit reference nodes for all bud
+	 * LEBs. Because buds do not have to start from the beginning of LEBs
+	 * (half of the LEB may contain committed data), the log should
+	 * generally be larger, make it twice as large.
+	 */
+	tmp = 2 * (c->ref_node_alsz * jnl_lebs) + c->leb_size - 1;
+	log_lebs = tmp / c->leb_size;
+	/* Plus one LEB reserved for commit */
+	log_lebs += 1;
+	if (c->leb_cnt - min_leb_cnt > 8) {
+		/* And some extra space to allow writes while committing */
+		log_lebs += 1;
+		min_leb_cnt += 1;
+	}
+
+	max_buds = jnl_lebs - log_lebs;
+	if (max_buds < UBIFS_MIN_BUD_LEBS)
+		max_buds = UBIFS_MIN_BUD_LEBS;
+
+	/*
+	 * Orphan nodes are stored in a separate area. One node can store a lot
+	 * of orphan inode numbers, but when new orphan comes we just add a new
+	 * orphan node. At some point the nodes are consolidated into one
+	 * orphan node.
+	 */
+	orph_lebs = UBIFS_MIN_ORPH_LEBS;
+	if (c->leb_cnt - min_leb_cnt > 1)
+		/*
+		 * For debugging purposes it is better to have at least 2
+		 * orphan LEBs, because the orphan subsystem would need to do
+		 * consolidations and would be stressed more.
+		 */
+		orph_lebs += 1;
+
+	main_lebs = c->leb_cnt - UBIFS_SB_LEBS - UBIFS_MST_LEBS - log_lebs;
+	main_lebs -= orph_lebs;
+
+	lpt_first = UBIFS_LOG_LNUM + log_lebs;
+	c->lsave_cnt = DEFAULT_LSAVE_CNT;
+	c->max_leb_cnt = c->leb_cnt;
+	err = ubifs_create_dflt_lpt(c, &main_lebs, lpt_first, &lpt_lebs,
+				    &big_lpt);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	dbg_gen("LEB Properties Tree created (LEBs %d-%d)", lpt_first,
+		lpt_first + lpt_lebs - 1);
+
+	main_first = c->leb_cnt - main_lebs;
+
+	/* Create default superblock */
+	tmp = ALIGN(UBIFS_SB_NODE_SZ, c->min_io_size);
+	sup = kzalloc(tmp, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!sup)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	tmp64 = (long long)max_buds * c->leb_size;
+	if (big_lpt)
+		sup_flags |= UBIFS_FLG_BIGLPT;
+
+	sup->ch.node_type  = UBIFS_SB_NODE;
+	sup->key_hash      = UBIFS_KEY_HASH_R5;
+	sup->flags         = cpu_to_le32(sup_flags);
+	sup->min_io_size   = cpu_to_le32(c->min_io_size);
+	sup->leb_size      = cpu_to_le32(c->leb_size);
+	sup->leb_cnt       = cpu_to_le32(c->leb_cnt);
+	sup->max_leb_cnt   = cpu_to_le32(c->max_leb_cnt);
+	sup->max_bud_bytes = cpu_to_le64(tmp64);
+	sup->log_lebs      = cpu_to_le32(log_lebs);
+	sup->lpt_lebs      = cpu_to_le32(lpt_lebs);
+	sup->orph_lebs     = cpu_to_le32(orph_lebs);
+	sup->jhead_cnt     = cpu_to_le32(DEFAULT_JHEADS_CNT);
+	sup->fanout        = cpu_to_le32(DEFAULT_FANOUT);
+	sup->lsave_cnt     = cpu_to_le32(c->lsave_cnt);
+	sup->fmt_version   = cpu_to_le32(UBIFS_FORMAT_VERSION);
+	sup->time_gran     = cpu_to_le32(DEFAULT_TIME_GRAN);
+	if (c->mount_opts.override_compr)
+		sup->default_compr = cpu_to_le16(c->mount_opts.compr_type);
+	else
+		sup->default_compr = cpu_to_le16(UBIFS_COMPR_LZO);
+
+	generate_random_uuid(sup->uuid);
+
+	main_bytes = (long long)main_lebs * c->leb_size;
+	tmp64 = div_u64(main_bytes * DEFAULT_RP_PERCENT, 100);
+	if (tmp64 > DEFAULT_MAX_RP_SIZE)
+		tmp64 = DEFAULT_MAX_RP_SIZE;
+	sup->rp_size = cpu_to_le64(tmp64);
+	sup->ro_compat_version = cpu_to_le32(UBIFS_RO_COMPAT_VERSION);
+
+	err = ubifs_write_node(c, sup, UBIFS_SB_NODE_SZ, 0, 0);
+	kfree(sup);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	dbg_gen("default superblock created at LEB 0:0");
+
+	/* Create default master node */
+	mst = kzalloc(c->mst_node_alsz, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!mst)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	mst->ch.node_type = UBIFS_MST_NODE;
+	mst->log_lnum     = cpu_to_le32(UBIFS_LOG_LNUM);
+	mst->highest_inum = cpu_to_le64(UBIFS_FIRST_INO);
+	mst->cmt_no       = 0;
+	mst->root_lnum    = cpu_to_le32(main_first + DEFAULT_IDX_LEB);
+	mst->root_offs    = 0;
+	tmp = ubifs_idx_node_sz(c, 1);
+	mst->root_len     = cpu_to_le32(tmp);
+	mst->gc_lnum      = cpu_to_le32(main_first + DEFAULT_GC_LEB);
+	mst->ihead_lnum   = cpu_to_le32(main_first + DEFAULT_IDX_LEB);
+	mst->ihead_offs   = cpu_to_le32(ALIGN(tmp, c->min_io_size));
+	mst->index_size   = cpu_to_le64(ALIGN(tmp, 8));
+	mst->lpt_lnum     = cpu_to_le32(c->lpt_lnum);
+	mst->lpt_offs     = cpu_to_le32(c->lpt_offs);
+	mst->nhead_lnum   = cpu_to_le32(c->nhead_lnum);
+	mst->nhead_offs   = cpu_to_le32(c->nhead_offs);
+	mst->ltab_lnum    = cpu_to_le32(c->ltab_lnum);
+	mst->ltab_offs    = cpu_to_le32(c->ltab_offs);
+	mst->lsave_lnum   = cpu_to_le32(c->lsave_lnum);
+	mst->lsave_offs   = cpu_to_le32(c->lsave_offs);
+	mst->lscan_lnum   = cpu_to_le32(main_first);
+	mst->empty_lebs   = cpu_to_le32(main_lebs - 2);
+	mst->idx_lebs     = cpu_to_le32(1);
+	mst->leb_cnt      = cpu_to_le32(c->leb_cnt);
+
+	/* Calculate lprops statistics */
+	tmp64 = main_bytes;
+	tmp64 -= ALIGN(ubifs_idx_node_sz(c, 1), c->min_io_size);
+	tmp64 -= ALIGN(UBIFS_INO_NODE_SZ, c->min_io_size);
+	mst->total_free = cpu_to_le64(tmp64);
+
+	tmp64 = ALIGN(ubifs_idx_node_sz(c, 1), c->min_io_size);
+	ino_waste = ALIGN(UBIFS_INO_NODE_SZ, c->min_io_size) -
+			  UBIFS_INO_NODE_SZ;
+	tmp64 += ino_waste;
+	tmp64 -= ALIGN(ubifs_idx_node_sz(c, 1), 8);
+	mst->total_dirty = cpu_to_le64(tmp64);
+
+	/*  The indexing LEB does not contribute to dark space */
+	tmp64 = ((long long)(c->main_lebs - 1) * c->dark_wm);
+	mst->total_dark = cpu_to_le64(tmp64);
+
+	mst->total_used = cpu_to_le64(UBIFS_INO_NODE_SZ);
+
+	err = ubifs_write_node(c, mst, UBIFS_MST_NODE_SZ, UBIFS_MST_LNUM, 0);
+	if (err) {
+		kfree(mst);
+		return err;
+	}
+	err = ubifs_write_node(c, mst, UBIFS_MST_NODE_SZ, UBIFS_MST_LNUM + 1,
+			       0);
+	kfree(mst);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	dbg_gen("default master node created at LEB %d:0", UBIFS_MST_LNUM);
+
+	/* Create the root indexing node */
+	tmp = ubifs_idx_node_sz(c, 1);
+	idx = kzalloc(ALIGN(tmp, c->min_io_size), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!idx)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	c->key_fmt = UBIFS_SIMPLE_KEY_FMT;
+	c->key_hash = key_r5_hash;
+
+	idx->ch.node_type = UBIFS_IDX_NODE;
+	idx->child_cnt = cpu_to_le16(1);
+	ino_key_init(c, &key, UBIFS_ROOT_INO);
+	br = ubifs_idx_branch(c, idx, 0);
+	key_write_idx(c, &key, &br->key);
+	br->lnum = cpu_to_le32(main_first + DEFAULT_DATA_LEB);
+	br->len  = cpu_to_le32(UBIFS_INO_NODE_SZ);
+	err = ubifs_write_node(c, idx, tmp, main_first + DEFAULT_IDX_LEB, 0);
+	kfree(idx);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	dbg_gen("default root indexing node created LEB %d:0",
+		main_first + DEFAULT_IDX_LEB);
+
+	/* Create default root inode */
+	tmp = ALIGN(UBIFS_INO_NODE_SZ, c->min_io_size);
+	ino = kzalloc(tmp, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!ino)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	ino_key_init_flash(c, &ino->key, UBIFS_ROOT_INO);
+	ino->ch.node_type = UBIFS_INO_NODE;
+	ino->creat_sqnum = cpu_to_le64(++c->max_sqnum);
+	ino->nlink = cpu_to_le32(2);
+	tmp_le64 = cpu_to_le64(CURRENT_TIME_SEC.tv_sec);
+	ino->atime_sec   = tmp_le64;
+	ino->ctime_sec   = tmp_le64;
+	ino->mtime_sec   = tmp_le64;
+	ino->atime_nsec  = 0;
+	ino->ctime_nsec  = 0;
+	ino->mtime_nsec  = 0;
+	ino->mode = cpu_to_le32(S_IFDIR | S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR | S_IXUGO);
+	ino->size = cpu_to_le64(UBIFS_INO_NODE_SZ);
+
+	/* Set compression enabled by default */
+	ino->flags = cpu_to_le32(UBIFS_COMPR_FL);
+
+	err = ubifs_write_node(c, ino, UBIFS_INO_NODE_SZ,
+			       main_first + DEFAULT_DATA_LEB, 0);
+	kfree(ino);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	dbg_gen("root inode created at LEB %d:0",
+		main_first + DEFAULT_DATA_LEB);
+
+	/*
+	 * The first node in the log has to be the commit start node. This is
+	 * always the case during normal file-system operation. Write a fake
+	 * commit start node to the log.
+	 */
+	tmp = ALIGN(UBIFS_CS_NODE_SZ, c->min_io_size);
+	cs = kzalloc(tmp, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!cs)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	cs->ch.node_type = UBIFS_CS_NODE;
+	err = ubifs_write_node(c, cs, UBIFS_CS_NODE_SZ, UBIFS_LOG_LNUM, 0);
+	kfree(cs);
+
+	ubifs_msg("default file-system created");
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
 /**
  * validate_sb - validate superblock node.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
@@ -114,9 +391,8 @@ static int validate_sb(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_sb_node *sup)
 	min_leb_cnt += c->lpt_lebs + c->orph_lebs + c->jhead_cnt + 6;
 
 	if (c->leb_cnt < min_leb_cnt || c->leb_cnt > c->vi.size) {
-		ubifs_err("bad LEB count: %d in superblock, %d on UBI volume, "
-			  "%d minimum required", c->leb_cnt, c->vi.size,
-			  min_leb_cnt);
+		ubifs_err("bad LEB count: %d in superblock, %d on UBI volume, %d minimum required",
+			  c->leb_cnt, c->vi.size, min_leb_cnt);
 		goto failed;
 	}
 
@@ -127,13 +403,22 @@ static int validate_sb(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_sb_node *sup)
 	}
 
 	if (c->main_lebs < UBIFS_MIN_MAIN_LEBS) {
-		err = 7;
+		ubifs_err("too few main LEBs count %d, must be at least %d",
+			  c->main_lebs, UBIFS_MIN_MAIN_LEBS);
+		goto failed;
+	}
+
+	max_bytes = (long long)c->leb_size * UBIFS_MIN_BUD_LEBS;
+	if (c->max_bud_bytes < max_bytes) {
+		ubifs_err("too small journal (%lld bytes), must be at least %lld bytes",
+			  c->max_bud_bytes, max_bytes);
 		goto failed;
 	}
 
-	if (c->max_bud_bytes < (long long)c->leb_size * UBIFS_MIN_BUD_LEBS ||
-	    c->max_bud_bytes > (long long)c->leb_size * c->main_lebs) {
-		err = 8;
+	max_bytes = (long long)c->leb_size * c->main_lebs;
+	if (c->max_bud_bytes > max_bytes) {
+		ubifs_err("too large journal size (%lld bytes), only %lld bytes available in the main area",
+			  c->max_bud_bytes, max_bytes);
 		goto failed;
 	}
 
@@ -167,7 +452,6 @@ static int validate_sb(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_sb_node *sup)
 		goto failed;
 	}
 
-	max_bytes = c->main_lebs * (long long)c->leb_size;
 	if (c->rp_size < 0 || max_bytes < c->rp_size) {
 		err = 14;
 		goto failed;
@@ -183,7 +467,7 @@ static int validate_sb(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_sb_node *sup)
 
 failed:
 	ubifs_err("bad superblock, error %d", err);
-	dbg_dump_node(c, sup);
+	ubifs_dump_node(c, sup);
 	return -EINVAL;
 }
 
@@ -192,7 +476,8 @@ failed:
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  *
  * This function returns a pointer to the superblock node or a negative error
- * code.
+ * code. Note, the user of this function is responsible of kfree()'ing the
+ * returned superblock buffer.
  */
 struct ubifs_sb_node *ubifs_read_sb_node(struct ubifs_info *c)
 {
@@ -214,6 +499,21 @@ struct ubifs_sb_node *ubifs_read_sb_node(struct ubifs_info *c)
 }
 
 /**
+ * ubifs_write_sb_node - write superblock node.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @sup: superblock node read with 'ubifs_read_sb_node()'
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+int ubifs_write_sb_node(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_sb_node *sup)
+{
+	int len = ALIGN(UBIFS_SB_NODE_SZ, c->min_io_size);
+
+	ubifs_prepare_node(c, sup, UBIFS_SB_NODE_SZ, 1);
+	return ubifs_leb_change(c, UBIFS_SB_LNUM, sup, len);
+}
+
+/**
  * ubifs_read_superblock - read superblock.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  *
@@ -227,8 +527,14 @@ int ubifs_read_superblock(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	struct ubifs_sb_node *sup;
 
 	if (c->empty) {
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+		err = create_default_filesystem(c);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+#else
 		printf("No UBIFS filesystem found!\n");
 		return -1;
+#endif
 	}
 
 	sup = ubifs_read_sb_node(c);
@@ -243,16 +549,12 @@ int ubifs_read_superblock(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	 * due to the unavailability of time-travelling equipment.
 	 */
 	if (c->fmt_version > UBIFS_FORMAT_VERSION) {
-		struct super_block *sb = c->vfs_sb;
-		int mounting_ro = sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY;
-
-		ubifs_assert(!c->ro_media || mounting_ro);
-		if (!mounting_ro ||
+		ubifs_assert(!c->ro_media || c->ro_mount);
+		if (!c->ro_mount ||
 		    c->ro_compat_version > UBIFS_RO_COMPAT_VERSION) {
-			ubifs_err("on-flash format version is w%d/r%d, but "
-				  "software only supports up to version "
-				  "w%d/r%d", c->fmt_version,
-				  c->ro_compat_version, UBIFS_FORMAT_VERSION,
+			ubifs_err("on-flash format version is w%d/r%d, but software only supports up to version w%d/r%d",
+				  c->fmt_version, c->ro_compat_version,
+				  UBIFS_FORMAT_VERSION,
 				  UBIFS_RO_COMPAT_VERSION);
 			if (c->ro_compat_version <= UBIFS_RO_COMPAT_VERSION) {
 				ubifs_msg("only R/O mounting is possible");
@@ -310,22 +612,41 @@ int ubifs_read_superblock(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	c->jhead_cnt     = le32_to_cpu(sup->jhead_cnt) + NONDATA_JHEADS_CNT;
 	c->fanout        = le32_to_cpu(sup->fanout);
 	c->lsave_cnt     = le32_to_cpu(sup->lsave_cnt);
-	c->default_compr = le16_to_cpu(sup->default_compr);
 	c->rp_size       = le64_to_cpu(sup->rp_size);
-	c->rp_uid        = le32_to_cpu(sup->rp_uid);
-	c->rp_gid        = le32_to_cpu(sup->rp_gid);
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	c->rp_uid        = make_kuid(&init_user_ns, le32_to_cpu(sup->rp_uid));
+	c->rp_gid        = make_kgid(&init_user_ns, le32_to_cpu(sup->rp_gid));
+#else
+	c->rp_uid.val    = le32_to_cpu(sup->rp_uid);
+	c->rp_gid.val    = le32_to_cpu(sup->rp_gid);
+#endif
 	sup_flags        = le32_to_cpu(sup->flags);
+	if (!c->mount_opts.override_compr)
+		c->default_compr = le16_to_cpu(sup->default_compr);
 
 	c->vfs_sb->s_time_gran = le32_to_cpu(sup->time_gran);
 	memcpy(&c->uuid, &sup->uuid, 16);
 	c->big_lpt = !!(sup_flags & UBIFS_FLG_BIGLPT);
+	c->space_fixup = !!(sup_flags & UBIFS_FLG_SPACE_FIXUP);
 
 	/* Automatically increase file system size to the maximum size */
 	c->old_leb_cnt = c->leb_cnt;
 	if (c->leb_cnt < c->vi.size && c->leb_cnt < c->max_leb_cnt) {
 		c->leb_cnt = min_t(int, c->max_leb_cnt, c->vi.size);
-		dbg_mnt("Auto resizing (ro) from %d LEBs to %d LEBs",
-			c->old_leb_cnt,	c->leb_cnt);
+		if (c->ro_mount)
+			dbg_mnt("Auto resizing (ro) from %d LEBs to %d LEBs",
+				c->old_leb_cnt,	c->leb_cnt);
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+		else {
+			dbg_mnt("Auto resizing (sb) from %d LEBs to %d LEBs",
+				c->old_leb_cnt, c->leb_cnt);
+			sup->leb_cnt = cpu_to_le32(c->leb_cnt);
+			err = ubifs_write_sb_node(c, sup);
+			if (err)
+				goto out;
+			c->old_leb_cnt = c->leb_cnt;
+		}
+#endif
 	}
 
 	c->log_bytes = (long long)c->log_lebs * c->leb_size;
@@ -337,10 +658,162 @@ int ubifs_read_superblock(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	c->main_lebs = c->leb_cnt - UBIFS_SB_LEBS - UBIFS_MST_LEBS;
 	c->main_lebs -= c->log_lebs + c->lpt_lebs + c->orph_lebs;
 	c->main_first = c->leb_cnt - c->main_lebs;
-	c->report_rp_size = ubifs_reported_space(c, c->rp_size);
 
 	err = validate_sb(c, sup);
 out:
 	kfree(sup);
 	return err;
 }
+
+/**
+ * fixup_leb - fixup/unmap an LEB containing free space.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @lnum: the LEB number to fix up
+ * @len: number of used bytes in LEB (starting at offset 0)
+ *
+ * This function reads the contents of the given LEB number @lnum, then fixes
+ * it up, so that empty min. I/O units in the end of LEB are actually erased on
+ * flash (rather than being just all-0xff real data). If the LEB is completely
+ * empty, it is simply unmapped.
+ */
+static int fixup_leb(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int len)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	ubifs_assert(len >= 0);
+	ubifs_assert(len % c->min_io_size == 0);
+	ubifs_assert(len < c->leb_size);
+
+	if (len == 0) {
+		dbg_mnt("unmap empty LEB %d", lnum);
+		return ubifs_leb_unmap(c, lnum);
+	}
+
+	dbg_mnt("fixup LEB %d, data len %d", lnum, len);
+	err = ubifs_leb_read(c, lnum, c->sbuf, 0, len, 1);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	return ubifs_leb_change(c, lnum, c->sbuf, len);
+}
+
+/**
+ * fixup_free_space - find & remap all LEBs containing free space.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function walks through all LEBs in the filesystem and fiexes up those
+ * containing free/empty space.
+ */
+static int fixup_free_space(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int lnum, err = 0;
+	struct ubifs_lprops *lprops;
+
+	ubifs_get_lprops(c);
+
+	/* Fixup LEBs in the master area */
+	for (lnum = UBIFS_MST_LNUM; lnum < UBIFS_LOG_LNUM; lnum++) {
+		err = fixup_leb(c, lnum, c->mst_offs + c->mst_node_alsz);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+	}
+
+	/* Unmap unused log LEBs */
+	lnum = ubifs_next_log_lnum(c, c->lhead_lnum);
+	while (lnum != c->ltail_lnum) {
+		err = fixup_leb(c, lnum, 0);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+		lnum = ubifs_next_log_lnum(c, lnum);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Fixup the log head which contains the only a CS node at the
+	 * beginning.
+	 */
+	err = fixup_leb(c, c->lhead_lnum,
+			ALIGN(UBIFS_CS_NODE_SZ, c->min_io_size));
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	/* Fixup LEBs in the LPT area */
+	for (lnum = c->lpt_first; lnum <= c->lpt_last; lnum++) {
+		int free = c->ltab[lnum - c->lpt_first].free;
+
+		if (free > 0) {
+			err = fixup_leb(c, lnum, c->leb_size - free);
+			if (err)
+				goto out;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Unmap LEBs in the orphans area */
+	for (lnum = c->orph_first; lnum <= c->orph_last; lnum++) {
+		err = fixup_leb(c, lnum, 0);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+	}
+
+	/* Fixup LEBs in the main area */
+	for (lnum = c->main_first; lnum < c->leb_cnt; lnum++) {
+		lprops = ubifs_lpt_lookup(c, lnum);
+		if (IS_ERR(lprops)) {
+			err = PTR_ERR(lprops);
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		if (lprops->free > 0) {
+			err = fixup_leb(c, lnum, c->leb_size - lprops->free);
+			if (err)
+				goto out;
+		}
+	}
+
+out:
+	ubifs_release_lprops(c);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_fixup_free_space - find & fix all LEBs with free space.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function fixes up LEBs containing free space on first mount, if the
+ * appropriate flag was set when the FS was created. Each LEB with one or more
+ * empty min. I/O unit (i.e. free-space-count > 0) is re-written, to make sure
+ * the free space is actually erased. E.g., this is necessary for some NAND
+ * chips, since the free space may have been programmed like real "0xff" data
+ * (generating a non-0xff ECC), causing future writes to the not-really-erased
+ * NAND pages to behave badly. After the space is fixed up, the superblock flag
+ * is cleared, so that this is skipped for all future mounts.
+ */
+int ubifs_fixup_free_space(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct ubifs_sb_node *sup;
+
+	ubifs_assert(c->space_fixup);
+	ubifs_assert(!c->ro_mount);
+
+	ubifs_msg("start fixing up free space");
+
+	err = fixup_free_space(c);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	sup = ubifs_read_sb_node(c);
+	if (IS_ERR(sup))
+		return PTR_ERR(sup);
+
+	/* Free-space fixup is no longer required */
+	c->space_fixup = 0;
+	sup->flags &= cpu_to_le32(~UBIFS_FLG_SPACE_FIXUP);
+
+	err = ubifs_write_sb_node(c, sup);
+	kfree(sup);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	ubifs_msg("free space fixup complete");
+	return err;
+}
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/scan.c b/fs/ubifs/scan.c
index 0ed82479b4..5523d4e660 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/scan.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/scan.c
@@ -3,18 +3,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Nokia Corporation
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
- * more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
- * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
- * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
  *
  * Authors: Adrian Hunter
  *          Artem Bityutskiy (Битюцкий Артём)
@@ -27,6 +16,10 @@
  * debugging functions.
  */
 
+#define __UBOOT__
+#ifdef __UBOOT__
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#endif
 #include "ubifs.h"
 
 /**
@@ -75,7 +68,7 @@ int ubifs_scan_a_node(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf, int len, int lnum,
 	magic = le32_to_cpu(ch->magic);
 
 	if (magic == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
-		dbg_scan("hit empty space");
+		dbg_scan("hit empty space at LEB %d:%d", lnum, offs);
 		return SCANNED_EMPTY_SPACE;
 	}
 
@@ -85,7 +78,8 @@ int ubifs_scan_a_node(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf, int len, int lnum,
 	if (len < UBIFS_CH_SZ)
 		return SCANNED_GARBAGE;
 
-	dbg_scan("scanning %s", dbg_ntype(ch->node_type));
+	dbg_scan("scanning %s at LEB %d:%d",
+		 dbg_ntype(ch->node_type), lnum, offs);
 
 	if (ubifs_check_node(c, buf, lnum, offs, quiet, 1))
 		return SCANNED_A_CORRUPT_NODE;
@@ -101,22 +95,21 @@ int ubifs_scan_a_node(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf, int len, int lnum,
 			if (!quiet) {
 				ubifs_err("bad pad node at LEB %d:%d",
 					  lnum, offs);
-				dbg_dump_node(c, pad);
+				ubifs_dump_node(c, pad);
 			}
 			return SCANNED_A_BAD_PAD_NODE;
 		}
 
 		/* Make the node pads to 8-byte boundary */
 		if ((node_len + pad_len) & 7) {
-			if (!quiet) {
-				dbg_err("bad padding length %d - %d",
-					offs, offs + node_len + pad_len);
-			}
+			if (!quiet)
+				ubifs_err("bad padding length %d - %d",
+					  offs, offs + node_len + pad_len);
 			return SCANNED_A_BAD_PAD_NODE;
 		}
 
-		dbg_scan("%d bytes padded, offset now %d",
-			 pad_len, ALIGN(offs + node_len + pad_len, 8));
+		dbg_scan("%d bytes padded at LEB %d:%d, offset now %d", pad_len,
+			 lnum, offs, ALIGN(offs + node_len + pad_len, 8));
 
 		return node_len + pad_len;
 	}
@@ -149,10 +142,10 @@ struct ubifs_scan_leb *ubifs_start_scan(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum,
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sleb->nodes);
 	sleb->buf = sbuf;
 
-	err = ubi_read(c->ubi, lnum, sbuf + offs, offs, c->leb_size - offs);
+	err = ubifs_leb_read(c, lnum, sbuf + offs, offs, c->leb_size - offs, 0);
 	if (err && err != -EBADMSG) {
-		ubifs_err("cannot read %d bytes from LEB %d:%d,"
-			  " error %d", c->leb_size - offs, lnum, offs, err);
+		ubifs_err("cannot read %d bytes from LEB %d:%d, error %d",
+			  c->leb_size - offs, lnum, offs, err);
 		kfree(sleb);
 		return ERR_PTR(err);
 	}
@@ -198,7 +191,7 @@ int ubifs_add_snod(const struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb,
 	struct ubifs_ino_node *ino = buf;
 	struct ubifs_scan_node *snod;
 
-	snod = kzalloc(sizeof(struct ubifs_scan_node), GFP_NOFS);
+	snod = kmalloc(sizeof(struct ubifs_scan_node), GFP_NOFS);
 	if (!snod)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
@@ -213,13 +206,15 @@ int ubifs_add_snod(const struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb,
 	case UBIFS_DENT_NODE:
 	case UBIFS_XENT_NODE:
 	case UBIFS_DATA_NODE:
-	case UBIFS_TRUN_NODE:
 		/*
 		 * The key is in the same place in all keyed
 		 * nodes.
 		 */
 		key_read(c, &ino->key, &snod->key);
 		break;
+	default:
+		invalid_key_init(c, &snod->key);
+		break;
 	}
 	list_add_tail(&snod->list, &sleb->nodes);
 	sleb->nodes_cnt += 1;
@@ -238,13 +233,11 @@ void ubifs_scanned_corruption(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs,
 {
 	int len;
 
-	ubifs_err("corrupted data at LEB %d:%d", lnum, offs);
-	if (dbg_failure_mode)
-		return;
+	ubifs_err("corruption at LEB %d:%d", lnum, offs);
 	len = c->leb_size - offs;
-	if (len > 4096)
-		len = 4096;
-	dbg_err("first %d bytes from LEB %d:%d", len, lnum, offs);
+	if (len > 8192)
+		len = 8192;
+	ubifs_err("first %d bytes from LEB %d:%d", len, lnum, offs);
 	print_hex_dump(KERN_DEBUG, "", DUMP_PREFIX_OFFSET, 32, 4, buf, len, 1);
 }
 
@@ -253,13 +246,19 @@ void ubifs_scanned_corruption(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs,
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  * @lnum: logical eraseblock number
  * @offs: offset to start at (usually zero)
- * @sbuf: scan buffer (must be c->leb_size)
+ * @sbuf: scan buffer (must be of @c->leb_size bytes in size)
+ * @quiet: print no messages
  *
  * This function scans LEB number @lnum and returns complete information about
- * its contents. Returns an error code in case of failure.
+ * its contents. Returns the scaned information in case of success and,
+ * %-EUCLEAN if the LEB neads recovery, and other negative error codes in case
+ * of failure.
+ *
+ * If @quiet is non-zero, this function does not print large and scary
+ * error messages and flash dumps in case of errors.
  */
 struct ubifs_scan_leb *ubifs_scan(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum,
-				  int offs, void *sbuf)
+				  int offs, void *sbuf, int quiet)
 {
 	void *buf = sbuf + offs;
 	int err, len = c->leb_size - offs;
@@ -278,8 +277,7 @@ struct ubifs_scan_leb *ubifs_scan(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum,
 
 		cond_resched();
 
-		ret = ubifs_scan_a_node(c, buf, len, lnum, offs, 0);
-
+		ret = ubifs_scan_a_node(c, buf, len, lnum, offs, quiet);
 		if (ret > 0) {
 			/* Padding bytes or a valid padding node */
 			offs += ret;
@@ -294,17 +292,18 @@ struct ubifs_scan_leb *ubifs_scan(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum,
 
 		switch (ret) {
 		case SCANNED_GARBAGE:
-			dbg_err("garbage");
+			ubifs_err("garbage");
 			goto corrupted;
 		case SCANNED_A_NODE:
 			break;
 		case SCANNED_A_CORRUPT_NODE:
 		case SCANNED_A_BAD_PAD_NODE:
-			dbg_err("bad node");
+			ubifs_err("bad node");
 			goto corrupted;
 		default:
-			dbg_err("unknown");
-			goto corrupted;
+			ubifs_err("unknown");
+			err = -EINVAL;
+			goto error;
 		}
 
 		err = ubifs_add_snod(c, sleb, buf, offs);
@@ -317,8 +316,12 @@ struct ubifs_scan_leb *ubifs_scan(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum,
 		len -= node_len;
 	}
 
-	if (offs % c->min_io_size)
+	if (offs % c->min_io_size) {
+		if (!quiet)
+			ubifs_err("empty space starts at non-aligned offset %d",
+				  offs);
 		goto corrupted;
+	}
 
 	ubifs_end_scan(c, sleb, lnum, offs);
 
@@ -327,18 +330,25 @@ struct ubifs_scan_leb *ubifs_scan(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum,
 			break;
 	for (; len; offs++, buf++, len--)
 		if (*(uint8_t *)buf != 0xff) {
-			ubifs_err("corrupt empty space at LEB %d:%d",
-				  lnum, offs);
+			if (!quiet)
+				ubifs_err("corrupt empty space at LEB %d:%d",
+					  lnum, offs);
 			goto corrupted;
 		}
 
 	return sleb;
 
 corrupted:
-	ubifs_scanned_corruption(c, lnum, offs, buf);
+	if (!quiet) {
+		ubifs_scanned_corruption(c, lnum, offs, buf);
+		ubifs_err("LEB %d scanning failed", lnum);
+	}
 	err = -EUCLEAN;
+	ubifs_scan_destroy(sleb);
+	return ERR_PTR(err);
+
 error:
-	ubifs_err("LEB %d scanning failed", lnum);
+	ubifs_err("LEB %d scanning failed, error %d", lnum, err);
 	ubifs_scan_destroy(sleb);
 	return ERR_PTR(err);
 }
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/super.c b/fs/ubifs/super.c
index 748ab6792d..9c87db40d3 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/super.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/super.c
@@ -3,18 +3,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Nokia Corporation.
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
- * more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
- * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
- * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
  *
  * Authors: Artem Bityutskiy (Битюцкий Артём)
  *          Adrian Hunter
@@ -26,103 +15,45 @@
  * corresponding subsystems, but most of it is here.
  */
 
-#include "ubifs.h"
+#define __UBOOT__
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/ctype.h>
+#include <linux/kthread.h>
+#include <linux/parser.h>
+#include <linux/seq_file.h>
+#include <linux/mount.h>
 #include <linux/math64.h>
+#include <linux/writeback.h>
+#else
 
-#define INODE_LOCKED_MAX	64
+#include <linux/compat.h>
+#include <linux/stat.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include "ubifs.h"
+#include <ubi_uboot.h>
+#include <mtd/ubi-user.h>
 
-struct super_block *ubifs_sb;
-static struct inode *inodes_locked_down[INODE_LOCKED_MAX];
+struct dentry;
+struct file;
+struct iattr;
+struct kstat;
+struct vfsmount;
 
-/* shrinker.c */
+#define INODE_LOCKED_MAX	64
 
-/* List of all UBIFS file-system instances */
-struct list_head ubifs_infos;
+struct super_block *ubifs_sb;
+LIST_HEAD(super_blocks);
 
-/* linux/fs/super.c */
+static struct inode *inodes_locked_down[INODE_LOCKED_MAX];
 
-static int sb_set(struct super_block *sb, void *data)
+int set_anon_super(struct super_block *s, void *data)
 {
-	dev_t *dev = data;
-
-	sb->s_dev = *dev;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-/**
- *	sget	-	find or create a superblock
- *	@type:	filesystem type superblock should belong to
- *	@test:	comparison callback
- *	@set:	setup callback
- *	@data:	argument to each of them
- */
-struct super_block *sget(struct file_system_type *type,
-			int (*test)(struct super_block *,void *),
-			int (*set)(struct super_block *,void *),
-			void *data)
-{
-	struct super_block *s = NULL;
-	int err;
-
-	s = kzalloc(sizeof(struct super_block),  GFP_USER);
-	if (!s) {
-		err = -ENOMEM;
-		return ERR_PTR(err);
-	}
-
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->s_instances);
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->s_inodes);
-	s->s_time_gran = 1000000000;
-
-	err = set(s, data);
-	if (err) {
-		return ERR_PTR(err);
-	}
-	s->s_type = type;
-	strncpy(s->s_id, type->name, sizeof(s->s_id));
-	list_add(&s->s_instances, &type->fs_supers);
-	return s;
-}
-
-/**
- * validate_inode - validate inode.
- * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
- * @inode: the inode to validate
- *
- * This is a helper function for 'ubifs_iget()' which validates various fields
- * of a newly built inode to make sure they contain sane values and prevent
- * possible vulnerabilities. Returns zero if the inode is all right and
- * a non-zero error code if not.
- */
-static int validate_inode(struct ubifs_info *c, const struct inode *inode)
-{
-	int err;
-	const struct ubifs_inode *ui = ubifs_inode(inode);
-
-	if (inode->i_size > c->max_inode_sz) {
-		ubifs_err("inode is too large (%lld)",
-			  (long long)inode->i_size);
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	if (ui->compr_type < 0 || ui->compr_type >= UBIFS_COMPR_TYPES_CNT) {
-		ubifs_err("unknown compression type %d", ui->compr_type);
-		return 2;
-	}
-
-	if (ui->data_len < 0 || ui->data_len > UBIFS_MAX_INO_DATA)
-		return 4;
-
-	if (!ubifs_compr_present(ui->compr_type)) {
-		ubifs_warn("inode %lu uses '%s' compression, but it was not "
-			   "compiled in", inode->i_ino,
-			   ubifs_compr_name(ui->compr_type));
-	}
-
-	err = dbg_check_dir_size(c, inode);
-	return err;
-}
-
 struct inode *iget_locked(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long ino)
 {
 	struct inode *inode;
@@ -138,6 +69,10 @@ struct inode *iget_locked(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long ino)
 	return inode;
 }
 
+void iget_failed(struct inode *inode)
+{
+}
+
 int ubifs_iput(struct inode *inode)
 {
 	list_del_init(&inode->i_sb_list);
@@ -179,6 +114,125 @@ void iput(struct inode *inode)
 	inodes_locked_down[i] = ino;
 }
 
+/* from fs/inode.c */
+/**
+ * clear_nlink - directly zero an inode's link count
+ * @inode: inode
+ *
+ * This is a low-level filesystem helper to replace any
+ * direct filesystem manipulation of i_nlink.  See
+ * drop_nlink() for why we care about i_nlink hitting zero.
+ */
+void clear_nlink(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	if (inode->i_nlink) {
+		inode->__i_nlink = 0;
+		atomic_long_inc(&inode->i_sb->s_remove_count);
+	}
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(clear_nlink);
+
+/**
+ * set_nlink - directly set an inode's link count
+ * @inode: inode
+ * @nlink: new nlink (should be non-zero)
+ *
+ * This is a low-level filesystem helper to replace any
+ * direct filesystem manipulation of i_nlink.
+ */
+void set_nlink(struct inode *inode, unsigned int nlink)
+{
+	if (!nlink) {
+		clear_nlink(inode);
+	} else {
+		/* Yes, some filesystems do change nlink from zero to one */
+		if (inode->i_nlink == 0)
+			atomic_long_dec(&inode->i_sb->s_remove_count);
+
+		inode->__i_nlink = nlink;
+	}
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(set_nlink);
+
+/* from include/linux/fs.h */
+static inline void i_uid_write(struct inode *inode, uid_t uid)
+{
+	inode->i_uid.val = uid;
+}
+
+static inline void i_gid_write(struct inode *inode, gid_t gid)
+{
+	inode->i_gid.val = gid;
+}
+
+void unlock_new_inode(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	return;
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Maximum amount of memory we may 'kmalloc()' without worrying that we are
+ * allocating too much.
+ */
+#define UBIFS_KMALLOC_OK (128*1024)
+
+/* Slab cache for UBIFS inodes */
+struct kmem_cache *ubifs_inode_slab;
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/* UBIFS TNC shrinker description */
+static struct shrinker ubifs_shrinker_info = {
+	.scan_objects = ubifs_shrink_scan,
+	.count_objects = ubifs_shrink_count,
+	.seeks = DEFAULT_SEEKS,
+};
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * validate_inode - validate inode.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @inode: the inode to validate
+ *
+ * This is a helper function for 'ubifs_iget()' which validates various fields
+ * of a newly built inode to make sure they contain sane values and prevent
+ * possible vulnerabilities. Returns zero if the inode is all right and
+ * a non-zero error code if not.
+ */
+static int validate_inode(struct ubifs_info *c, const struct inode *inode)
+{
+	int err;
+	const struct ubifs_inode *ui = ubifs_inode(inode);
+
+	if (inode->i_size > c->max_inode_sz) {
+		ubifs_err("inode is too large (%lld)",
+			  (long long)inode->i_size);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (ui->compr_type < 0 || ui->compr_type >= UBIFS_COMPR_TYPES_CNT) {
+		ubifs_err("unknown compression type %d", ui->compr_type);
+		return 2;
+	}
+
+	if (ui->xattr_names + ui->xattr_cnt > XATTR_LIST_MAX)
+		return 3;
+
+	if (ui->data_len < 0 || ui->data_len > UBIFS_MAX_INO_DATA)
+		return 4;
+
+	if (ui->xattr && !S_ISREG(inode->i_mode))
+		return 5;
+
+	if (!ubifs_compr_present(ui->compr_type)) {
+		ubifs_warn("inode %lu uses '%s' compression, but it was not compiled in",
+			   inode->i_ino, ubifs_compr_name(ui->compr_type));
+	}
+
+	err = dbg_check_dir(c, inode);
+	return err;
+}
+
 struct inode *ubifs_iget(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long inum)
 {
 	int err;
@@ -187,10 +241,13 @@ struct inode *ubifs_iget(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long inum)
 	struct ubifs_info *c = sb->s_fs_info;
 	struct inode *inode;
 	struct ubifs_inode *ui;
+#ifdef __UBOOT__
 	int i;
+#endif
 
 	dbg_gen("inode %lu", inum);
 
+#ifdef __UBOOT__
 	/*
 	 * U-Boot special handling of locked down inodes via recovery
 	 * e.g. ubifs_recover_size()
@@ -211,6 +268,7 @@ struct inode *ubifs_iget(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long inum)
 			return inodes_locked_down[i];
 		}
 	}
+#endif
 
 	inode = iget_locked(sb, inum);
 	if (!inode)
@@ -232,9 +290,9 @@ struct inode *ubifs_iget(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long inum)
 		goto out_ino;
 
 	inode->i_flags |= (S_NOCMTIME | S_NOATIME);
-	inode->i_nlink = le32_to_cpu(ino->nlink);
-	inode->i_uid   = le32_to_cpu(ino->uid);
-	inode->i_gid   = le32_to_cpu(ino->gid);
+	set_nlink(inode, le32_to_cpu(ino->nlink));
+	i_uid_write(inode, le32_to_cpu(ino->uid));
+	i_gid_write(inode, le32_to_cpu(ino->gid));
 	inode->i_atime.tv_sec  = (int64_t)le64_to_cpu(ino->atime_sec);
 	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = le32_to_cpu(ino->atime_nsec);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec  = (int64_t)le64_to_cpu(ino->mtime_sec);
@@ -248,12 +306,101 @@ struct inode *ubifs_iget(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long inum)
 	ui->flags       = le32_to_cpu(ino->flags);
 	ui->compr_type  = le16_to_cpu(ino->compr_type);
 	ui->creat_sqnum = le64_to_cpu(ino->creat_sqnum);
+	ui->xattr_cnt   = le32_to_cpu(ino->xattr_cnt);
+	ui->xattr_size  = le32_to_cpu(ino->xattr_size);
+	ui->xattr_names = le32_to_cpu(ino->xattr_names);
 	ui->synced_i_size = ui->ui_size = inode->i_size;
 
+	ui->xattr = (ui->flags & UBIFS_XATTR_FL) ? 1 : 0;
+
 	err = validate_inode(c, inode);
 	if (err)
 		goto out_invalid;
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	/* Disable read-ahead */
+	inode->i_mapping->backing_dev_info = &c->bdi;
+
+	switch (inode->i_mode & S_IFMT) {
+	case S_IFREG:
+		inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &ubifs_file_address_operations;
+		inode->i_op = &ubifs_file_inode_operations;
+		inode->i_fop = &ubifs_file_operations;
+		if (ui->xattr) {
+			ui->data = kmalloc(ui->data_len + 1, GFP_NOFS);
+			if (!ui->data) {
+				err = -ENOMEM;
+				goto out_ino;
+			}
+			memcpy(ui->data, ino->data, ui->data_len);
+			((char *)ui->data)[ui->data_len] = '\0';
+		} else if (ui->data_len != 0) {
+			err = 10;
+			goto out_invalid;
+		}
+		break;
+	case S_IFDIR:
+		inode->i_op  = &ubifs_dir_inode_operations;
+		inode->i_fop = &ubifs_dir_operations;
+		if (ui->data_len != 0) {
+			err = 11;
+			goto out_invalid;
+		}
+		break;
+	case S_IFLNK:
+		inode->i_op = &ubifs_symlink_inode_operations;
+		if (ui->data_len <= 0 || ui->data_len > UBIFS_MAX_INO_DATA) {
+			err = 12;
+			goto out_invalid;
+		}
+		ui->data = kmalloc(ui->data_len + 1, GFP_NOFS);
+		if (!ui->data) {
+			err = -ENOMEM;
+			goto out_ino;
+		}
+		memcpy(ui->data, ino->data, ui->data_len);
+		((char *)ui->data)[ui->data_len] = '\0';
+		break;
+	case S_IFBLK:
+	case S_IFCHR:
+	{
+		dev_t rdev;
+		union ubifs_dev_desc *dev;
+
+		ui->data = kmalloc(sizeof(union ubifs_dev_desc), GFP_NOFS);
+		if (!ui->data) {
+			err = -ENOMEM;
+			goto out_ino;
+		}
+
+		dev = (union ubifs_dev_desc *)ino->data;
+		if (ui->data_len == sizeof(dev->new))
+			rdev = new_decode_dev(le32_to_cpu(dev->new));
+		else if (ui->data_len == sizeof(dev->huge))
+			rdev = huge_decode_dev(le64_to_cpu(dev->huge));
+		else {
+			err = 13;
+			goto out_invalid;
+		}
+		memcpy(ui->data, ino->data, ui->data_len);
+		inode->i_op = &ubifs_file_inode_operations;
+		init_special_inode(inode, inode->i_mode, rdev);
+		break;
+	}
+	case S_IFSOCK:
+	case S_IFIFO:
+		inode->i_op = &ubifs_file_inode_operations;
+		init_special_inode(inode, inode->i_mode, 0);
+		if (ui->data_len != 0) {
+			err = 14;
+			goto out_invalid;
+		}
+		break;
+	default:
+		err = 15;
+		goto out_invalid;
+	}
+#else
 	if ((inode->i_mode & S_IFMT) == S_IFLNK) {
 		if (ui->data_len <= 0 || ui->data_len > UBIFS_MAX_INO_DATA) {
 			err = 12;
@@ -267,23 +414,258 @@ struct inode *ubifs_iget(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long inum)
 		memcpy(ui->data, ino->data, ui->data_len);
 		((char *)ui->data)[ui->data_len] = '\0';
 	}
+#endif
 
 	kfree(ino);
-	inode->i_state &= ~(I_LOCK | I_NEW);
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	ubifs_set_inode_flags(inode);
+#endif
+	unlock_new_inode(inode);
 	return inode;
 
 out_invalid:
 	ubifs_err("inode %lu validation failed, error %d", inode->i_ino, err);
-	dbg_dump_node(c, ino);
-	dbg_dump_inode(c, inode);
+	ubifs_dump_node(c, ino);
+	ubifs_dump_inode(c, inode);
 	err = -EINVAL;
 out_ino:
 	kfree(ino);
 out:
 	ubifs_err("failed to read inode %lu, error %d", inode->i_ino, err);
+	iget_failed(inode);
 	return ERR_PTR(err);
 }
 
+static struct inode *ubifs_alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+	struct ubifs_inode *ui;
+
+	ui = kmem_cache_alloc(ubifs_inode_slab, GFP_NOFS);
+	if (!ui)
+		return NULL;
+
+	memset((void *)ui + sizeof(struct inode), 0,
+	       sizeof(struct ubifs_inode) - sizeof(struct inode));
+	mutex_init(&ui->ui_mutex);
+	spin_lock_init(&ui->ui_lock);
+	return &ui->vfs_inode;
+};
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+static void ubifs_i_callback(struct rcu_head *head)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = container_of(head, struct inode, i_rcu);
+	struct ubifs_inode *ui = ubifs_inode(inode);
+	kmem_cache_free(ubifs_inode_slab, ui);
+}
+
+static void ubifs_destroy_inode(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	struct ubifs_inode *ui = ubifs_inode(inode);
+
+	kfree(ui->data);
+	call_rcu(&inode->i_rcu, ubifs_i_callback);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Note, Linux write-back code calls this without 'i_mutex'.
+ */
+static int ubifs_write_inode(struct inode *inode, struct writeback_control *wbc)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	struct ubifs_info *c = inode->i_sb->s_fs_info;
+	struct ubifs_inode *ui = ubifs_inode(inode);
+
+	ubifs_assert(!ui->xattr);
+	if (is_bad_inode(inode))
+		return 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&ui->ui_mutex);
+	/*
+	 * Due to races between write-back forced by budgeting
+	 * (see 'sync_some_inodes()') and background write-back, the inode may
+	 * have already been synchronized, do not do this again. This might
+	 * also happen if it was synchronized in an VFS operation, e.g.
+	 * 'ubifs_link()'.
+	 */
+	if (!ui->dirty) {
+		mutex_unlock(&ui->ui_mutex);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * As an optimization, do not write orphan inodes to the media just
+	 * because this is not needed.
+	 */
+	dbg_gen("inode %lu, mode %#x, nlink %u",
+		inode->i_ino, (int)inode->i_mode, inode->i_nlink);
+	if (inode->i_nlink) {
+		err = ubifs_jnl_write_inode(c, inode);
+		if (err)
+			ubifs_err("can't write inode %lu, error %d",
+				  inode->i_ino, err);
+		else
+			err = dbg_check_inode_size(c, inode, ui->ui_size);
+	}
+
+	ui->dirty = 0;
+	mutex_unlock(&ui->ui_mutex);
+	ubifs_release_dirty_inode_budget(c, ui);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void ubifs_evict_inode(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct ubifs_info *c = inode->i_sb->s_fs_info;
+	struct ubifs_inode *ui = ubifs_inode(inode);
+
+	if (ui->xattr)
+		/*
+		 * Extended attribute inode deletions are fully handled in
+		 * 'ubifs_removexattr()'. These inodes are special and have
+		 * limited usage, so there is nothing to do here.
+		 */
+		goto out;
+
+	dbg_gen("inode %lu, mode %#x", inode->i_ino, (int)inode->i_mode);
+	ubifs_assert(!atomic_read(&inode->i_count));
+
+	truncate_inode_pages(&inode->i_data, 0);
+
+	if (inode->i_nlink)
+		goto done;
+
+	if (is_bad_inode(inode))
+		goto out;
+
+	ui->ui_size = inode->i_size = 0;
+	err = ubifs_jnl_delete_inode(c, inode);
+	if (err)
+		/*
+		 * Worst case we have a lost orphan inode wasting space, so a
+		 * simple error message is OK here.
+		 */
+		ubifs_err("can't delete inode %lu, error %d",
+			  inode->i_ino, err);
+
+out:
+	if (ui->dirty)
+		ubifs_release_dirty_inode_budget(c, ui);
+	else {
+		/* We've deleted something - clean the "no space" flags */
+		c->bi.nospace = c->bi.nospace_rp = 0;
+		smp_wmb();
+	}
+done:
+	clear_inode(inode);
+}
+#endif
+
+static void ubifs_dirty_inode(struct inode *inode, int flags)
+{
+	struct ubifs_inode *ui = ubifs_inode(inode);
+
+	ubifs_assert(mutex_is_locked(&ui->ui_mutex));
+	if (!ui->dirty) {
+		ui->dirty = 1;
+		dbg_gen("inode %lu",  inode->i_ino);
+	}
+}
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+static int ubifs_statfs(struct dentry *dentry, struct kstatfs *buf)
+{
+	struct ubifs_info *c = dentry->d_sb->s_fs_info;
+	unsigned long long free;
+	__le32 *uuid = (__le32 *)c->uuid;
+
+	free = ubifs_get_free_space(c);
+	dbg_gen("free space %lld bytes (%lld blocks)",
+		free, free >> UBIFS_BLOCK_SHIFT);
+
+	buf->f_type = UBIFS_SUPER_MAGIC;
+	buf->f_bsize = UBIFS_BLOCK_SIZE;
+	buf->f_blocks = c->block_cnt;
+	buf->f_bfree = free >> UBIFS_BLOCK_SHIFT;
+	if (free > c->report_rp_size)
+		buf->f_bavail = (free - c->report_rp_size) >> UBIFS_BLOCK_SHIFT;
+	else
+		buf->f_bavail = 0;
+	buf->f_files = 0;
+	buf->f_ffree = 0;
+	buf->f_namelen = UBIFS_MAX_NLEN;
+	buf->f_fsid.val[0] = le32_to_cpu(uuid[0]) ^ le32_to_cpu(uuid[2]);
+	buf->f_fsid.val[1] = le32_to_cpu(uuid[1]) ^ le32_to_cpu(uuid[3]);
+	ubifs_assert(buf->f_bfree <= c->block_cnt);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int ubifs_show_options(struct seq_file *s, struct dentry *root)
+{
+	struct ubifs_info *c = root->d_sb->s_fs_info;
+
+	if (c->mount_opts.unmount_mode == 2)
+		seq_printf(s, ",fast_unmount");
+	else if (c->mount_opts.unmount_mode == 1)
+		seq_printf(s, ",norm_unmount");
+
+	if (c->mount_opts.bulk_read == 2)
+		seq_printf(s, ",bulk_read");
+	else if (c->mount_opts.bulk_read == 1)
+		seq_printf(s, ",no_bulk_read");
+
+	if (c->mount_opts.chk_data_crc == 2)
+		seq_printf(s, ",chk_data_crc");
+	else if (c->mount_opts.chk_data_crc == 1)
+		seq_printf(s, ",no_chk_data_crc");
+
+	if (c->mount_opts.override_compr) {
+		seq_printf(s, ",compr=%s",
+			   ubifs_compr_name(c->mount_opts.compr_type));
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int ubifs_sync_fs(struct super_block *sb, int wait)
+{
+	int i, err;
+	struct ubifs_info *c = sb->s_fs_info;
+
+	/*
+	 * Zero @wait is just an advisory thing to help the file system shove
+	 * lots of data into the queues, and there will be the second
+	 * '->sync_fs()' call, with non-zero @wait.
+	 */
+	if (!wait)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Synchronize write buffers, because 'ubifs_run_commit()' does not
+	 * do this if it waits for an already running commit.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < c->jhead_cnt; i++) {
+		err = ubifs_wbuf_sync(&c->jheads[i].wbuf);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Strictly speaking, it is not necessary to commit the journal here,
+	 * synchronizing write-buffers would be enough. But committing makes
+	 * UBIFS free space predictions much more accurate, so we want to let
+	 * the user be able to get more accurate results of 'statfs()' after
+	 * they synchronize the file system.
+	 */
+	err = ubifs_run_commit(c);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	return ubi_sync(c->vi.ubi_num);
+}
+#endif
+
 /**
  * init_constants_early - initialize UBIFS constants.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
@@ -312,9 +694,12 @@ static int init_constants_early(struct ubifs_info *c)
 
 	c->leb_cnt = c->vi.size;
 	c->leb_size = c->vi.usable_leb_size;
+	c->leb_start = c->di.leb_start;
 	c->half_leb_size = c->leb_size / 2;
 	c->min_io_size = c->di.min_io_size;
 	c->min_io_shift = fls(c->min_io_size) - 1;
+	c->max_write_size = c->di.max_write_size;
+	c->max_write_shift = fls(c->max_write_size) - 1;
 
 	if (c->leb_size < UBIFS_MIN_LEB_SZ) {
 		ubifs_err("too small LEBs (%d bytes), min. is %d bytes",
@@ -334,6 +719,18 @@ static int init_constants_early(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	}
 
 	/*
+	 * Maximum write size has to be greater or equivalent to min. I/O
+	 * size, and be multiple of min. I/O size.
+	 */
+	if (c->max_write_size < c->min_io_size ||
+	    c->max_write_size % c->min_io_size ||
+	    !is_power_of_2(c->max_write_size)) {
+		ubifs_err("bad write buffer size %d for %d min. I/O unit",
+			  c->max_write_size, c->min_io_size);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	/*
 	 * UBIFS aligns all node to 8-byte boundary, so to make function in
 	 * io.c simpler, assume minimum I/O unit size to be 8 bytes if it is
 	 * less than 8.
@@ -341,6 +738,10 @@ static int init_constants_early(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	if (c->min_io_size < 8) {
 		c->min_io_size = 8;
 		c->min_io_shift = 3;
+		if (c->max_write_size < c->min_io_size) {
+			c->max_write_size = c->min_io_size;
+			c->max_write_shift = c->min_io_shift;
+		}
 	}
 
 	c->ref_node_alsz = ALIGN(UBIFS_REF_NODE_SZ, c->min_io_size);
@@ -393,9 +794,33 @@ static int init_constants_early(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	 */
 	c->leb_overhead = c->leb_size % UBIFS_MAX_DATA_NODE_SZ;
 
+	/* Buffer size for bulk-reads */
+	c->max_bu_buf_len = UBIFS_MAX_BULK_READ * UBIFS_MAX_DATA_NODE_SZ;
+	if (c->max_bu_buf_len > c->leb_size)
+		c->max_bu_buf_len = c->leb_size;
 	return 0;
 }
 
+/**
+ * bud_wbuf_callback - bud LEB write-buffer synchronization call-back.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @lnum: LEB the write-buffer was synchronized to
+ * @free: how many free bytes left in this LEB
+ * @pad: how many bytes were padded
+ *
+ * This is a callback function which is called by the I/O unit when the
+ * write-buffer is synchronized. We need this to correctly maintain space
+ * accounting in bud logical eraseblocks. This function returns zero in case of
+ * success and a negative error code in case of failure.
+ *
+ * This function actually belongs to the journal, but we keep it here because
+ * we want to keep it static.
+ */
+static int bud_wbuf_callback(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int free, int pad)
+{
+	return ubifs_update_one_lp(c, lnum, free, pad, 0, 0);
+}
+
 /*
  * init_constants_sb - initialize UBIFS constants.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
@@ -426,8 +851,8 @@ static int init_constants_sb(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	tmp = UBIFS_CS_NODE_SZ + UBIFS_REF_NODE_SZ * c->jhead_cnt;
 	tmp = ALIGN(tmp, c->min_io_size);
 	if (tmp > c->leb_size) {
-		dbg_err("too small LEB size %d, at least %d needed",
-			c->leb_size, tmp);
+		ubifs_err("too small LEB size %d, at least %d needed",
+			  c->leb_size, tmp);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
@@ -441,8 +866,8 @@ static int init_constants_sb(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	tmp /= c->leb_size;
 	tmp += 1;
 	if (c->log_lebs < tmp) {
-		dbg_err("too small log %d LEBs, required min. %d LEBs",
-			c->log_lebs, tmp);
+		ubifs_err("too small log %d LEBs, required min. %d LEBs",
+			  c->log_lebs, tmp);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
@@ -451,11 +876,11 @@ static int init_constants_sb(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	 * be compressed and direntries are of the maximum size.
 	 *
 	 * Note, data, which may be stored in inodes is budgeted separately, so
-	 * it is not included into 'c->inode_budget'.
+	 * it is not included into 'c->bi.inode_budget'.
 	 */
-	c->page_budget = UBIFS_MAX_DATA_NODE_SZ * UBIFS_BLOCKS_PER_PAGE;
-	c->inode_budget = UBIFS_INO_NODE_SZ;
-	c->dent_budget = UBIFS_MAX_DENT_NODE_SZ;
+	c->bi.page_budget = UBIFS_MAX_DATA_NODE_SZ * UBIFS_BLOCKS_PER_PAGE;
+	c->bi.inode_budget = UBIFS_INO_NODE_SZ;
+	c->bi.dent_budget = UBIFS_MAX_DENT_NODE_SZ;
 
 	/*
 	 * When the amount of flash space used by buds becomes
@@ -482,6 +907,8 @@ static int init_constants_sb(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	if (err)
 		return err;
 
+	/* Initialize effective LEB size used in budgeting calculations */
+	c->idx_leb_size = c->leb_size - c->max_idx_node_sz;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -497,7 +924,8 @@ static void init_constants_master(struct ubifs_info *c)
 {
 	long long tmp64;
 
-	c->min_idx_lebs = ubifs_calc_min_idx_lebs(c);
+	c->bi.min_idx_lebs = ubifs_calc_min_idx_lebs(c);
+	c->report_rp_size = ubifs_reported_space(c, c->rp_size);
 
 	/*
 	 * Calculate total amount of FS blocks. This number is not used
@@ -515,6 +943,88 @@ static void init_constants_master(struct ubifs_info *c)
 }
 
 /**
+ * take_gc_lnum - reserve GC LEB.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function ensures that the LEB reserved for garbage collection is marked
+ * as "taken" in lprops. We also have to set free space to LEB size and dirty
+ * space to zero, because lprops may contain out-of-date information if the
+ * file-system was un-mounted before it has been committed. This function
+ * returns zero in case of success and a negative error code in case of
+ * failure.
+ */
+static int take_gc_lnum(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if (c->gc_lnum == -1) {
+		ubifs_err("no LEB for GC");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	/* And we have to tell lprops that this LEB is taken */
+	err = ubifs_change_one_lp(c, c->gc_lnum, c->leb_size, 0,
+				  LPROPS_TAKEN, 0, 0);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * alloc_wbufs - allocate write-buffers.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This helper function allocates and initializes UBIFS write-buffers. Returns
+ * zero in case of success and %-ENOMEM in case of failure.
+ */
+static int alloc_wbufs(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int i, err;
+
+	c->jheads = kzalloc(c->jhead_cnt * sizeof(struct ubifs_jhead),
+			   GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!c->jheads)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	/* Initialize journal heads */
+	for (i = 0; i < c->jhead_cnt; i++) {
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->jheads[i].buds_list);
+		err = ubifs_wbuf_init(c, &c->jheads[i].wbuf);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+
+		c->jheads[i].wbuf.sync_callback = &bud_wbuf_callback;
+		c->jheads[i].wbuf.jhead = i;
+		c->jheads[i].grouped = 1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Garbage Collector head does not need to be synchronized by timer.
+	 * Also GC head nodes are not grouped.
+	 */
+	c->jheads[GCHD].wbuf.no_timer = 1;
+	c->jheads[GCHD].grouped = 0;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * free_wbufs - free write-buffers.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ */
+static void free_wbufs(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (c->jheads) {
+		for (i = 0; i < c->jhead_cnt; i++) {
+			kfree(c->jheads[i].wbuf.buf);
+			kfree(c->jheads[i].wbuf.inodes);
+		}
+		kfree(c->jheads);
+		c->jheads = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
  * free_orphans - free orphans.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  */
@@ -533,13 +1043,27 @@ static void free_orphans(struct ubifs_info *c)
 		orph = list_entry(c->orph_list.next, struct ubifs_orphan, list);
 		list_del(&orph->list);
 		kfree(orph);
-		dbg_err("orphan list not empty at unmount");
+		ubifs_err("orphan list not empty at unmount");
 	}
 
 	vfree(c->orph_buf);
 	c->orph_buf = NULL;
 }
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/**
+ * free_buds - free per-bud objects.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ */
+static void free_buds(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	struct ubifs_bud *bud, *n;
+
+	rbtree_postorder_for_each_entry_safe(bud, n, &c->buds, rb)
+		kfree(bud);
+}
+#endif
+
 /**
  * check_volume_empty - check if the UBI volume is empty.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
@@ -555,7 +1079,7 @@ static int check_volume_empty(struct ubifs_info *c)
 
 	c->empty = 1;
 	for (lnum = 0; lnum < c->leb_cnt; lnum++) {
-		err = ubi_is_mapped(c->ubi, lnum);
+		err = ubifs_is_mapped(c, lnum);
 		if (unlikely(err < 0))
 			return err;
 		if (err == 1) {
@@ -569,23 +1093,258 @@ static int check_volume_empty(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+/*
+ * UBIFS mount options.
+ *
+ * Opt_fast_unmount: do not run a journal commit before un-mounting
+ * Opt_norm_unmount: run a journal commit before un-mounting
+ * Opt_bulk_read: enable bulk-reads
+ * Opt_no_bulk_read: disable bulk-reads
+ * Opt_chk_data_crc: check CRCs when reading data nodes
+ * Opt_no_chk_data_crc: do not check CRCs when reading data nodes
+ * Opt_override_compr: override default compressor
+ * Opt_err: just end of array marker
+ */
+enum {
+	Opt_fast_unmount,
+	Opt_norm_unmount,
+	Opt_bulk_read,
+	Opt_no_bulk_read,
+	Opt_chk_data_crc,
+	Opt_no_chk_data_crc,
+	Opt_override_compr,
+	Opt_err,
+};
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+static const match_table_t tokens = {
+	{Opt_fast_unmount, "fast_unmount"},
+	{Opt_norm_unmount, "norm_unmount"},
+	{Opt_bulk_read, "bulk_read"},
+	{Opt_no_bulk_read, "no_bulk_read"},
+	{Opt_chk_data_crc, "chk_data_crc"},
+	{Opt_no_chk_data_crc, "no_chk_data_crc"},
+	{Opt_override_compr, "compr=%s"},
+	{Opt_err, NULL},
+};
+
+/**
+ * parse_standard_option - parse a standard mount option.
+ * @option: the option to parse
+ *
+ * Normally, standard mount options like "sync" are passed to file-systems as
+ * flags. However, when a "rootflags=" kernel boot parameter is used, they may
+ * be present in the options string. This function tries to deal with this
+ * situation and parse standard options. Returns 0 if the option was not
+ * recognized, and the corresponding integer flag if it was.
+ *
+ * UBIFS is only interested in the "sync" option, so do not check for anything
+ * else.
+ */
+static int parse_standard_option(const char *option)
+{
+	ubifs_msg("parse %s", option);
+	if (!strcmp(option, "sync"))
+		return MS_SYNCHRONOUS;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_parse_options - parse mount parameters.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @options: parameters to parse
+ * @is_remount: non-zero if this is FS re-mount
+ *
+ * This function parses UBIFS mount options and returns zero in case success
+ * and a negative error code in case of failure.
+ */
+static int ubifs_parse_options(struct ubifs_info *c, char *options,
+			       int is_remount)
+{
+	char *p;
+	substring_t args[MAX_OPT_ARGS];
+
+	if (!options)
+		return 0;
+
+	while ((p = strsep(&options, ","))) {
+		int token;
+
+		if (!*p)
+			continue;
+
+		token = match_token(p, tokens, args);
+		switch (token) {
+		/*
+		 * %Opt_fast_unmount and %Opt_norm_unmount options are ignored.
+		 * We accept them in order to be backward-compatible. But this
+		 * should be removed at some point.
+		 */
+		case Opt_fast_unmount:
+			c->mount_opts.unmount_mode = 2;
+			break;
+		case Opt_norm_unmount:
+			c->mount_opts.unmount_mode = 1;
+			break;
+		case Opt_bulk_read:
+			c->mount_opts.bulk_read = 2;
+			c->bulk_read = 1;
+			break;
+		case Opt_no_bulk_read:
+			c->mount_opts.bulk_read = 1;
+			c->bulk_read = 0;
+			break;
+		case Opt_chk_data_crc:
+			c->mount_opts.chk_data_crc = 2;
+			c->no_chk_data_crc = 0;
+			break;
+		case Opt_no_chk_data_crc:
+			c->mount_opts.chk_data_crc = 1;
+			c->no_chk_data_crc = 1;
+			break;
+		case Opt_override_compr:
+		{
+			char *name = match_strdup(&args[0]);
+
+			if (!name)
+				return -ENOMEM;
+			if (!strcmp(name, "none"))
+				c->mount_opts.compr_type = UBIFS_COMPR_NONE;
+			else if (!strcmp(name, "lzo"))
+				c->mount_opts.compr_type = UBIFS_COMPR_LZO;
+			else if (!strcmp(name, "zlib"))
+				c->mount_opts.compr_type = UBIFS_COMPR_ZLIB;
+			else {
+				ubifs_err("unknown compressor \"%s\"", name);
+				kfree(name);
+				return -EINVAL;
+			}
+			kfree(name);
+			c->mount_opts.override_compr = 1;
+			c->default_compr = c->mount_opts.compr_type;
+			break;
+		}
+		default:
+		{
+			unsigned long flag;
+			struct super_block *sb = c->vfs_sb;
+
+			flag = parse_standard_option(p);
+			if (!flag) {
+				ubifs_err("unrecognized mount option \"%s\" or missing value",
+					  p);
+				return -EINVAL;
+			}
+			sb->s_flags |= flag;
+			break;
+		}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * destroy_journal - destroy journal data structures.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function destroys journal data structures including those that may have
+ * been created by recovery functions.
+ */
+static void destroy_journal(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	while (!list_empty(&c->unclean_leb_list)) {
+		struct ubifs_unclean_leb *ucleb;
+
+		ucleb = list_entry(c->unclean_leb_list.next,
+				   struct ubifs_unclean_leb, list);
+		list_del(&ucleb->list);
+		kfree(ucleb);
+	}
+	while (!list_empty(&c->old_buds)) {
+		struct ubifs_bud *bud;
+
+		bud = list_entry(c->old_buds.next, struct ubifs_bud, list);
+		list_del(&bud->list);
+		kfree(bud);
+	}
+	ubifs_destroy_idx_gc(c);
+	ubifs_destroy_size_tree(c);
+	ubifs_tnc_close(c);
+	free_buds(c);
+}
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * bu_init - initialize bulk-read information.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ */
+static void bu_init(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	ubifs_assert(c->bulk_read == 1);
+
+	if (c->bu.buf)
+		return; /* Already initialized */
+
+again:
+	c->bu.buf = kmalloc(c->max_bu_buf_len, GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOWARN);
+	if (!c->bu.buf) {
+		if (c->max_bu_buf_len > UBIFS_KMALLOC_OK) {
+			c->max_bu_buf_len = UBIFS_KMALLOC_OK;
+			goto again;
+		}
+
+		/* Just disable bulk-read */
+		ubifs_warn("cannot allocate %d bytes of memory for bulk-read, disabling it",
+			   c->max_bu_buf_len);
+		c->mount_opts.bulk_read = 1;
+		c->bulk_read = 0;
+		return;
+	}
+}
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/**
+ * check_free_space - check if there is enough free space to mount.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * This function makes sure UBIFS has enough free space to be mounted in
+ * read/write mode. UBIFS must always have some free space to allow deletions.
+ */
+static int check_free_space(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	ubifs_assert(c->dark_wm > 0);
+	if (c->lst.total_free + c->lst.total_dirty < c->dark_wm) {
+		ubifs_err("insufficient free space to mount in R/W mode");
+		ubifs_dump_budg(c, &c->bi);
+		ubifs_dump_lprops(c);
+		return -ENOSPC;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
 /**
  * mount_ubifs - mount UBIFS file-system.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  *
  * This function mounts UBIFS file system. Returns zero in case of success and
  * a negative error code in case of failure.
- *
- * Note, the function does not de-allocate resources it it fails half way
- * through, and the caller has to do this instead.
  */
 static int mount_ubifs(struct ubifs_info *c)
 {
-	struct super_block *sb = c->vfs_sb;
-	int err, mounted_read_only = (sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY);
-	long long x;
+	int err;
+	long long x, y;
 	size_t sz;
 
+	c->ro_mount = !!(c->vfs_sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY);
+#ifdef __UBOOT__
+	if (!c->ro_mount) {
+		printf("UBIFS: only ro mode in U-Boot allowed.\n");
+		return -EACCES;
+	}
+#endif
+
 	err = init_constants_early(c);
 	if (err)
 		return err;
@@ -598,7 +1357,7 @@ static int mount_ubifs(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	if (err)
 		goto out_free;
 
-	if (c->empty && (mounted_read_only || c->ro_media)) {
+	if (c->empty && (c->ro_mount || c->ro_media)) {
 		/*
 		 * This UBI volume is empty, and read-only, or the file system
 		 * is mounted read-only - we cannot format it.
@@ -609,7 +1368,7 @@ static int mount_ubifs(struct ubifs_info *c)
 		goto out_free;
 	}
 
-	if (c->ro_media && !mounted_read_only) {
+	if (c->ro_media && !c->ro_mount) {
 		ubifs_err("cannot mount read-write - read-only media");
 		err = -EROFS;
 		goto out_free;
@@ -629,11 +1388,27 @@ static int mount_ubifs(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	if (!c->sbuf)
 		goto out_free;
 
-	/*
-	 * We have to check all CRCs, even for data nodes, when we mount the FS
-	 * (specifically, when we are replaying).
-	 */
-	c->always_chk_crc = 1;
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	if (!c->ro_mount) {
+		c->ileb_buf = vmalloc(c->leb_size);
+		if (!c->ileb_buf)
+			goto out_free;
+	}
+#endif
+
+	if (c->bulk_read == 1)
+		bu_init(c);
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	if (!c->ro_mount) {
+		c->write_reserve_buf = kmalloc(COMPRESSED_DATA_NODE_BUF_SZ,
+					       GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!c->write_reserve_buf)
+			goto out_free;
+	}
+#endif
+
+	c->mounting = 1;
 
 	err = ubifs_read_superblock(c);
 	if (err)
@@ -646,11 +1421,10 @@ static int mount_ubifs(struct ubifs_info *c)
 	if (!ubifs_compr_present(c->default_compr)) {
 		ubifs_err("'compressor \"%s\" is not compiled in",
 			  ubifs_compr_name(c->default_compr));
+		err = -ENOTSUPP;
 		goto out_free;
 	}
 
-	dbg_failure_mode_registration(c);
-
 	err = init_constants_sb(c);
 	if (err)
 		goto out_free;
@@ -663,7 +1437,25 @@ static int mount_ubifs(struct ubifs_info *c)
 		goto out_free;
 	}
 
+	err = alloc_wbufs(c);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_cbuf;
+
 	sprintf(c->bgt_name, BGT_NAME_PATTERN, c->vi.ubi_num, c->vi.vol_id);
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	if (!c->ro_mount) {
+		/* Create background thread */
+		c->bgt = kthread_create(ubifs_bg_thread, c, "%s", c->bgt_name);
+		if (IS_ERR(c->bgt)) {
+			err = PTR_ERR(c->bgt);
+			c->bgt = NULL;
+			ubifs_err("cannot spawn \"%s\", error %d",
+				  c->bgt_name, err);
+			goto out_wbufs;
+		}
+		wake_up_process(c->bgt);
+	}
+#endif
 
 	err = ubifs_read_master(c);
 	if (err)
@@ -676,118 +1468,208 @@ static int mount_ubifs(struct ubifs_info *c)
 		c->need_recovery = 1;
 	}
 
-	err = ubifs_lpt_init(c, 1, !mounted_read_only);
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	if (c->need_recovery && !c->ro_mount) {
+		err = ubifs_recover_inl_heads(c, c->sbuf);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_master;
+	}
+#endif
+
+	err = ubifs_lpt_init(c, 1, !c->ro_mount);
 	if (err)
-		goto out_lpt;
+		goto out_master;
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	if (!c->ro_mount && c->space_fixup) {
+		err = ubifs_fixup_free_space(c);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_lpt;
+	}
+
+	if (!c->ro_mount) {
+		/*
+		 * Set the "dirty" flag so that if we reboot uncleanly we
+		 * will notice this immediately on the next mount.
+		 */
+		c->mst_node->flags |= cpu_to_le32(UBIFS_MST_DIRTY);
+		err = ubifs_write_master(c);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_lpt;
+	}
+#endif
 
-	err = dbg_check_idx_size(c, c->old_idx_sz);
+	err = dbg_check_idx_size(c, c->bi.old_idx_sz);
 	if (err)
 		goto out_lpt;
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
 	err = ubifs_replay_journal(c);
 	if (err)
 		goto out_journal;
+#endif
+
+	/* Calculate 'min_idx_lebs' after journal replay */
+	c->bi.min_idx_lebs = ubifs_calc_min_idx_lebs(c);
 
-	err = ubifs_mount_orphans(c, c->need_recovery, mounted_read_only);
+	err = ubifs_mount_orphans(c, c->need_recovery, c->ro_mount);
 	if (err)
 		goto out_orphans;
 
-	if (c->need_recovery) {
+	if (!c->ro_mount) {
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+		int lnum;
+
+		err = check_free_space(c);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_orphans;
+
+		/* Check for enough log space */
+		lnum = c->lhead_lnum + 1;
+		if (lnum >= UBIFS_LOG_LNUM + c->log_lebs)
+			lnum = UBIFS_LOG_LNUM;
+		if (lnum == c->ltail_lnum) {
+			err = ubifs_consolidate_log(c);
+			if (err)
+				goto out_orphans;
+		}
+
+		if (c->need_recovery) {
+			err = ubifs_recover_size(c);
+			if (err)
+				goto out_orphans;
+			err = ubifs_rcvry_gc_commit(c);
+			if (err)
+				goto out_orphans;
+		} else {
+			err = take_gc_lnum(c);
+			if (err)
+				goto out_orphans;
+
+			/*
+			 * GC LEB may contain garbage if there was an unclean
+			 * reboot, and it should be un-mapped.
+			 */
+			err = ubifs_leb_unmap(c, c->gc_lnum);
+			if (err)
+				goto out_orphans;
+		}
+
+		err = dbg_check_lprops(c);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_orphans;
+#endif
+	} else if (c->need_recovery) {
 		err = ubifs_recover_size(c);
 		if (err)
 			goto out_orphans;
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * Even if we mount read-only, we have to set space in GC LEB
+		 * to proper value because this affects UBIFS free space
+		 * reporting. We do not want to have a situation when
+		 * re-mounting from R/O to R/W changes amount of free space.
+		 */
+		err = take_gc_lnum(c);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_orphans;
 	}
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
 	spin_lock(&ubifs_infos_lock);
 	list_add_tail(&c->infos_list, &ubifs_infos);
 	spin_unlock(&ubifs_infos_lock);
+#endif
 
 	if (c->need_recovery) {
-		if (mounted_read_only)
+		if (c->ro_mount)
 			ubifs_msg("recovery deferred");
 		else {
 			c->need_recovery = 0;
 			ubifs_msg("recovery completed");
+			/*
+			 * GC LEB has to be empty and taken at this point. But
+			 * the journal head LEBs may also be accounted as
+			 * "empty taken" if they are empty.
+			 */
+			ubifs_assert(c->lst.taken_empty_lebs > 0);
 		}
-	}
+	} else
+		ubifs_assert(c->lst.taken_empty_lebs > 0);
 
 	err = dbg_check_filesystem(c);
 	if (err)
 		goto out_infos;
 
-	c->always_chk_crc = 0;
+	err = dbg_debugfs_init_fs(c);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_infos;
+
+	c->mounting = 0;
 
-	ubifs_msg("mounted UBI device %d, volume %d, name \"%s\"",
-		  c->vi.ubi_num, c->vi.vol_id, c->vi.name);
-	if (mounted_read_only)
-		ubifs_msg("mounted read-only");
+	ubifs_msg("mounted UBI device %d, volume %d, name \"%s\"%s",
+		  c->vi.ubi_num, c->vi.vol_id, c->vi.name,
+		  c->ro_mount ? ", R/O mode" : "");
 	x = (long long)c->main_lebs * c->leb_size;
-	ubifs_msg("file system size:   %lld bytes (%lld KiB, %lld MiB, %d "
-		  "LEBs)", x, x >> 10, x >> 20, c->main_lebs);
-	x = (long long)c->log_lebs * c->leb_size + c->max_bud_bytes;
-	ubifs_msg("journal size:       %lld bytes (%lld KiB, %lld MiB, %d "
-		  "LEBs)", x, x >> 10, x >> 20, c->log_lebs + c->max_bud_cnt);
-	ubifs_msg("media format:       w%d/r%d (latest is w%d/r%d)",
+	y = (long long)c->log_lebs * c->leb_size + c->max_bud_bytes;
+	ubifs_msg("LEB size: %d bytes (%d KiB), min./max. I/O unit sizes: %d bytes/%d bytes",
+		  c->leb_size, c->leb_size >> 10, c->min_io_size,
+		  c->max_write_size);
+	ubifs_msg("FS size: %lld bytes (%lld MiB, %d LEBs), journal size %lld bytes (%lld MiB, %d LEBs)",
+		  x, x >> 20, c->main_lebs,
+		  y, y >> 20, c->log_lebs + c->max_bud_cnt);
+	ubifs_msg("reserved for root: %llu bytes (%llu KiB)",
+		  c->report_rp_size, c->report_rp_size >> 10);
+	ubifs_msg("media format: w%d/r%d (latest is w%d/r%d), UUID %pUB%s",
 		  c->fmt_version, c->ro_compat_version,
-		  UBIFS_FORMAT_VERSION, UBIFS_RO_COMPAT_VERSION);
-	ubifs_msg("default compressor: %s", ubifs_compr_name(c->default_compr));
-	ubifs_msg("reserved for root:  %llu bytes (%llu KiB)",
-		c->report_rp_size, c->report_rp_size >> 10);
-
-	dbg_msg("min. I/O unit size:  %d bytes", c->min_io_size);
-	dbg_msg("LEB size:            %d bytes (%d KiB)",
-		c->leb_size, c->leb_size >> 10);
-	dbg_msg("data journal heads:  %d",
+		  UBIFS_FORMAT_VERSION, UBIFS_RO_COMPAT_VERSION, c->uuid,
+		  c->big_lpt ? ", big LPT model" : ", small LPT model");
+
+	dbg_gen("default compressor:  %s", ubifs_compr_name(c->default_compr));
+	dbg_gen("data journal heads:  %d",
 		c->jhead_cnt - NONDATA_JHEADS_CNT);
-	dbg_msg("UUID:                %02X%02X%02X%02X-%02X%02X"
-	       "-%02X%02X-%02X%02X-%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X",
-	       c->uuid[0], c->uuid[1], c->uuid[2], c->uuid[3],
-	       c->uuid[4], c->uuid[5], c->uuid[6], c->uuid[7],
-	       c->uuid[8], c->uuid[9], c->uuid[10], c->uuid[11],
-	       c->uuid[12], c->uuid[13], c->uuid[14], c->uuid[15]);
-	dbg_msg("big_lpt              %d", c->big_lpt);
-	dbg_msg("log LEBs:            %d (%d - %d)",
+	dbg_gen("log LEBs:            %d (%d - %d)",
 		c->log_lebs, UBIFS_LOG_LNUM, c->log_last);
-	dbg_msg("LPT area LEBs:       %d (%d - %d)",
+	dbg_gen("LPT area LEBs:       %d (%d - %d)",
 		c->lpt_lebs, c->lpt_first, c->lpt_last);
-	dbg_msg("orphan area LEBs:    %d (%d - %d)",
+	dbg_gen("orphan area LEBs:    %d (%d - %d)",
 		c->orph_lebs, c->orph_first, c->orph_last);
-	dbg_msg("main area LEBs:      %d (%d - %d)",
+	dbg_gen("main area LEBs:      %d (%d - %d)",
 		c->main_lebs, c->main_first, c->leb_cnt - 1);
-	dbg_msg("index LEBs:          %d", c->lst.idx_lebs);
-	dbg_msg("total index bytes:   %lld (%lld KiB, %lld MiB)",
-		c->old_idx_sz, c->old_idx_sz >> 10, c->old_idx_sz >> 20);
-	dbg_msg("key hash type:       %d", c->key_hash_type);
-	dbg_msg("tree fanout:         %d", c->fanout);
-	dbg_msg("reserved GC LEB:     %d", c->gc_lnum);
-	dbg_msg("first main LEB:      %d", c->main_first);
-	dbg_msg("max. znode size      %d", c->max_znode_sz);
-	dbg_msg("max. index node size %d", c->max_idx_node_sz);
-	dbg_msg("node sizes:          data %zu, inode %zu, dentry %zu",
+	dbg_gen("index LEBs:          %d", c->lst.idx_lebs);
+	dbg_gen("total index bytes:   %lld (%lld KiB, %lld MiB)",
+		c->bi.old_idx_sz, c->bi.old_idx_sz >> 10,
+		c->bi.old_idx_sz >> 20);
+	dbg_gen("key hash type:       %d", c->key_hash_type);
+	dbg_gen("tree fanout:         %d", c->fanout);
+	dbg_gen("reserved GC LEB:     %d", c->gc_lnum);
+	dbg_gen("max. znode size      %d", c->max_znode_sz);
+	dbg_gen("max. index node size %d", c->max_idx_node_sz);
+	dbg_gen("node sizes:          data %zu, inode %zu, dentry %zu",
 		UBIFS_DATA_NODE_SZ, UBIFS_INO_NODE_SZ, UBIFS_DENT_NODE_SZ);
-	dbg_msg("node sizes:          trun %zu, sb %zu, master %zu",
+	dbg_gen("node sizes:          trun %zu, sb %zu, master %zu",
 		UBIFS_TRUN_NODE_SZ, UBIFS_SB_NODE_SZ, UBIFS_MST_NODE_SZ);
-	dbg_msg("node sizes:          ref %zu, cmt. start %zu, orph %zu",
+	dbg_gen("node sizes:          ref %zu, cmt. start %zu, orph %zu",
 		UBIFS_REF_NODE_SZ, UBIFS_CS_NODE_SZ, UBIFS_ORPH_NODE_SZ);
-	dbg_msg("max. node sizes:     data %zu, inode %zu dentry %zu",
+	dbg_gen("max. node sizes:     data %zu, inode %zu dentry %zu, idx %d",
 		UBIFS_MAX_DATA_NODE_SZ, UBIFS_MAX_INO_NODE_SZ,
-		UBIFS_MAX_DENT_NODE_SZ);
-	dbg_msg("dead watermark:      %d", c->dead_wm);
-	dbg_msg("dark watermark:      %d", c->dark_wm);
-	dbg_msg("LEB overhead:        %d", c->leb_overhead);
+		UBIFS_MAX_DENT_NODE_SZ, ubifs_idx_node_sz(c, c->fanout));
+	dbg_gen("dead watermark:      %d", c->dead_wm);
+	dbg_gen("dark watermark:      %d", c->dark_wm);
+	dbg_gen("LEB overhead:        %d", c->leb_overhead);
 	x = (long long)c->main_lebs * c->dark_wm;
-	dbg_msg("max. dark space:     %lld (%lld KiB, %lld MiB)",
+	dbg_gen("max. dark space:     %lld (%lld KiB, %lld MiB)",
 		x, x >> 10, x >> 20);
-	dbg_msg("maximum bud bytes:   %lld (%lld KiB, %lld MiB)",
+	dbg_gen("maximum bud bytes:   %lld (%lld KiB, %lld MiB)",
 		c->max_bud_bytes, c->max_bud_bytes >> 10,
 		c->max_bud_bytes >> 20);
-	dbg_msg("BG commit bud bytes: %lld (%lld KiB, %lld MiB)",
+	dbg_gen("BG commit bud bytes: %lld (%lld KiB, %lld MiB)",
 		c->bg_bud_bytes, c->bg_bud_bytes >> 10,
 		c->bg_bud_bytes >> 20);
-	dbg_msg("current bud bytes    %lld (%lld KiB, %lld MiB)",
+	dbg_gen("current bud bytes    %lld (%lld KiB, %lld MiB)",
 		c->bud_bytes, c->bud_bytes >> 10, c->bud_bytes >> 20);
-	dbg_msg("max. seq. number:    %llu", c->max_sqnum);
-	dbg_msg("commit number:       %llu", c->cmt_no);
+	dbg_gen("max. seq. number:    %llu", c->max_sqnum);
+	dbg_gen("commit number:       %llu", c->cmt_no);
 
 	return 0;
 
@@ -797,7 +1679,10 @@ out_infos:
 	spin_unlock(&ubifs_infos_lock);
 out_orphans:
 	free_orphans(c);
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
 out_journal:
+	destroy_journal(c);
+#endif
 out_lpt:
 	ubifs_lpt_free(c, 0);
 out_master:
@@ -805,8 +1690,15 @@ out_master:
 	kfree(c->rcvrd_mst_node);
 	if (c->bgt)
 		kthread_stop(c->bgt);
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+out_wbufs:
+#endif
+	free_wbufs(c);
+out_cbuf:
 	kfree(c->cbuf);
 out_free:
+	kfree(c->write_reserve_buf);
+	kfree(c->bu.buf);
 	vfree(c->ileb_buf);
 	vfree(c->sbuf);
 	kfree(c->bottom_up_buf);
@@ -823,57 +1715,447 @@ out_free:
  * through mounting (error path cleanup function). So it has to make sure the
  * resource was actually allocated before freeing it.
  */
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+static void ubifs_umount(struct ubifs_info *c)
+#else
 void ubifs_umount(struct ubifs_info *c)
+#endif
 {
 	dbg_gen("un-mounting UBI device %d, volume %d", c->vi.ubi_num,
 		c->vi.vol_id);
 
+	dbg_debugfs_exit_fs(c);
 	spin_lock(&ubifs_infos_lock);
 	list_del(&c->infos_list);
 	spin_unlock(&ubifs_infos_lock);
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
 	if (c->bgt)
 		kthread_stop(c->bgt);
 
+	destroy_journal(c);
+#endif
+	free_wbufs(c);
 	free_orphans(c);
 	ubifs_lpt_free(c, 0);
 
 	kfree(c->cbuf);
 	kfree(c->rcvrd_mst_node);
 	kfree(c->mst_node);
+	kfree(c->write_reserve_buf);
+	kfree(c->bu.buf);
 	vfree(c->ileb_buf);
 	vfree(c->sbuf);
 	kfree(c->bottom_up_buf);
 	ubifs_debugging_exit(c);
-
+#ifdef __UBOOT__
 	/* Finally free U-Boot's global copy of superblock */
 	if (ubifs_sb != NULL) {
 		free(ubifs_sb->s_fs_info);
 		free(ubifs_sb);
 	}
+#endif
+}
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/**
+ * ubifs_remount_rw - re-mount in read-write mode.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * UBIFS avoids allocating many unnecessary resources when mounted in read-only
+ * mode. This function allocates the needed resources and re-mounts UBIFS in
+ * read-write mode.
+ */
+static int ubifs_remount_rw(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int err, lnum;
+
+	if (c->rw_incompat) {
+		ubifs_err("the file-system is not R/W-compatible");
+		ubifs_msg("on-flash format version is w%d/r%d, but software only supports up to version w%d/r%d",
+			  c->fmt_version, c->ro_compat_version,
+			  UBIFS_FORMAT_VERSION, UBIFS_RO_COMPAT_VERSION);
+		return -EROFS;
+	}
+
+	mutex_lock(&c->umount_mutex);
+	dbg_save_space_info(c);
+	c->remounting_rw = 1;
+	c->ro_mount = 0;
+
+	if (c->space_fixup) {
+		err = ubifs_fixup_free_space(c);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	err = check_free_space(c);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (c->old_leb_cnt != c->leb_cnt) {
+		struct ubifs_sb_node *sup;
+
+		sup = ubifs_read_sb_node(c);
+		if (IS_ERR(sup)) {
+			err = PTR_ERR(sup);
+			goto out;
+		}
+		sup->leb_cnt = cpu_to_le32(c->leb_cnt);
+		err = ubifs_write_sb_node(c, sup);
+		kfree(sup);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (c->need_recovery) {
+		ubifs_msg("completing deferred recovery");
+		err = ubifs_write_rcvrd_mst_node(c);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+		err = ubifs_recover_size(c);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+		err = ubifs_clean_lebs(c, c->sbuf);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+		err = ubifs_recover_inl_heads(c, c->sbuf);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+	} else {
+		/* A readonly mount is not allowed to have orphans */
+		ubifs_assert(c->tot_orphans == 0);
+		err = ubifs_clear_orphans(c);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (!(c->mst_node->flags & cpu_to_le32(UBIFS_MST_DIRTY))) {
+		c->mst_node->flags |= cpu_to_le32(UBIFS_MST_DIRTY);
+		err = ubifs_write_master(c);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+	}
+
+	c->ileb_buf = vmalloc(c->leb_size);
+	if (!c->ileb_buf) {
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	c->write_reserve_buf = kmalloc(COMPRESSED_DATA_NODE_BUF_SZ, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!c->write_reserve_buf) {
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	err = ubifs_lpt_init(c, 0, 1);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	/* Create background thread */
+	c->bgt = kthread_create(ubifs_bg_thread, c, "%s", c->bgt_name);
+	if (IS_ERR(c->bgt)) {
+		err = PTR_ERR(c->bgt);
+		c->bgt = NULL;
+		ubifs_err("cannot spawn \"%s\", error %d",
+			  c->bgt_name, err);
+		goto out;
+	}
+	wake_up_process(c->bgt);
+
+	c->orph_buf = vmalloc(c->leb_size);
+	if (!c->orph_buf) {
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	/* Check for enough log space */
+	lnum = c->lhead_lnum + 1;
+	if (lnum >= UBIFS_LOG_LNUM + c->log_lebs)
+		lnum = UBIFS_LOG_LNUM;
+	if (lnum == c->ltail_lnum) {
+		err = ubifs_consolidate_log(c);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (c->need_recovery)
+		err = ubifs_rcvry_gc_commit(c);
+	else
+		err = ubifs_leb_unmap(c, c->gc_lnum);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	dbg_gen("re-mounted read-write");
+	c->remounting_rw = 0;
+
+	if (c->need_recovery) {
+		c->need_recovery = 0;
+		ubifs_msg("deferred recovery completed");
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * Do not run the debugging space check if the were doing
+		 * recovery, because when we saved the information we had the
+		 * file-system in a state where the TNC and lprops has been
+		 * modified in memory, but all the I/O operations (including a
+		 * commit) were deferred. So the file-system was in
+		 * "non-committed" state. Now the file-system is in committed
+		 * state, and of course the amount of free space will change
+		 * because, for example, the old index size was imprecise.
+		 */
+		err = dbg_check_space_info(c);
+	}
+
+	mutex_unlock(&c->umount_mutex);
+	return err;
+
+out:
+	c->ro_mount = 1;
+	vfree(c->orph_buf);
+	c->orph_buf = NULL;
+	if (c->bgt) {
+		kthread_stop(c->bgt);
+		c->bgt = NULL;
+	}
+	free_wbufs(c);
+	kfree(c->write_reserve_buf);
+	c->write_reserve_buf = NULL;
+	vfree(c->ileb_buf);
+	c->ileb_buf = NULL;
+	ubifs_lpt_free(c, 1);
+	c->remounting_rw = 0;
+	mutex_unlock(&c->umount_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_remount_ro - re-mount in read-only mode.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * We assume VFS has stopped writing. Possibly the background thread could be
+ * running a commit, however kthread_stop will wait in that case.
+ */
+static void ubifs_remount_ro(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	int i, err;
+
+	ubifs_assert(!c->need_recovery);
+	ubifs_assert(!c->ro_mount);
+
+	mutex_lock(&c->umount_mutex);
+	if (c->bgt) {
+		kthread_stop(c->bgt);
+		c->bgt = NULL;
+	}
+
+	dbg_save_space_info(c);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < c->jhead_cnt; i++)
+		ubifs_wbuf_sync(&c->jheads[i].wbuf);
+
+	c->mst_node->flags &= ~cpu_to_le32(UBIFS_MST_DIRTY);
+	c->mst_node->flags |= cpu_to_le32(UBIFS_MST_NO_ORPHS);
+	c->mst_node->gc_lnum = cpu_to_le32(c->gc_lnum);
+	err = ubifs_write_master(c);
+	if (err)
+		ubifs_ro_mode(c, err);
+
+	vfree(c->orph_buf);
+	c->orph_buf = NULL;
+	kfree(c->write_reserve_buf);
+	c->write_reserve_buf = NULL;
+	vfree(c->ileb_buf);
+	c->ileb_buf = NULL;
+	ubifs_lpt_free(c, 1);
+	c->ro_mount = 1;
+	err = dbg_check_space_info(c);
+	if (err)
+		ubifs_ro_mode(c, err);
+	mutex_unlock(&c->umount_mutex);
+}
+
+static void ubifs_put_super(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct ubifs_info *c = sb->s_fs_info;
+
+	ubifs_msg("un-mount UBI device %d, volume %d", c->vi.ubi_num,
+		  c->vi.vol_id);
+
+	/*
+	 * The following asserts are only valid if there has not been a failure
+	 * of the media. For example, there will be dirty inodes if we failed
+	 * to write them back because of I/O errors.
+	 */
+	if (!c->ro_error) {
+		ubifs_assert(c->bi.idx_growth == 0);
+		ubifs_assert(c->bi.dd_growth == 0);
+		ubifs_assert(c->bi.data_growth == 0);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * The 'c->umount_lock' prevents races between UBIFS memory shrinker
+	 * and file system un-mount. Namely, it prevents the shrinker from
+	 * picking this superblock for shrinking - it will be just skipped if
+	 * the mutex is locked.
+	 */
+	mutex_lock(&c->umount_mutex);
+	if (!c->ro_mount) {
+		/*
+		 * First of all kill the background thread to make sure it does
+		 * not interfere with un-mounting and freeing resources.
+		 */
+		if (c->bgt) {
+			kthread_stop(c->bgt);
+			c->bgt = NULL;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * On fatal errors c->ro_error is set to 1, in which case we do
+		 * not write the master node.
+		 */
+		if (!c->ro_error) {
+			int err;
+
+			/* Synchronize write-buffers */
+			for (i = 0; i < c->jhead_cnt; i++)
+				ubifs_wbuf_sync(&c->jheads[i].wbuf);
+
+			/*
+			 * We are being cleanly unmounted which means the
+			 * orphans were killed - indicate this in the master
+			 * node. Also save the reserved GC LEB number.
+			 */
+			c->mst_node->flags &= ~cpu_to_le32(UBIFS_MST_DIRTY);
+			c->mst_node->flags |= cpu_to_le32(UBIFS_MST_NO_ORPHS);
+			c->mst_node->gc_lnum = cpu_to_le32(c->gc_lnum);
+			err = ubifs_write_master(c);
+			if (err)
+				/*
+				 * Recovery will attempt to fix the master area
+				 * next mount, so we just print a message and
+				 * continue to unmount normally.
+				 */
+				ubifs_err("failed to write master node, error %d",
+					  err);
+		} else {
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+			for (i = 0; i < c->jhead_cnt; i++)
+				/* Make sure write-buffer timers are canceled */
+				hrtimer_cancel(&c->jheads[i].wbuf.timer);
+#endif
+		}
+	}
+
+	ubifs_umount(c);
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	bdi_destroy(&c->bdi);
+#endif
+	ubi_close_volume(c->ubi);
+	mutex_unlock(&c->umount_mutex);
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+static int ubifs_remount_fs(struct super_block *sb, int *flags, char *data)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct ubifs_info *c = sb->s_fs_info;
+
+	dbg_gen("old flags %#lx, new flags %#x", sb->s_flags, *flags);
+
+	err = ubifs_parse_options(c, data, 1);
+	if (err) {
+		ubifs_err("invalid or unknown remount parameter");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	if (c->ro_mount && !(*flags & MS_RDONLY)) {
+		if (c->ro_error) {
+			ubifs_msg("cannot re-mount R/W due to prior errors");
+			return -EROFS;
+		}
+		if (c->ro_media) {
+			ubifs_msg("cannot re-mount R/W - UBI volume is R/O");
+			return -EROFS;
+		}
+		err = ubifs_remount_rw(c);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	} else if (!c->ro_mount && (*flags & MS_RDONLY)) {
+		if (c->ro_error) {
+			ubifs_msg("cannot re-mount R/O due to prior errors");
+			return -EROFS;
+		}
+		ubifs_remount_ro(c);
+	}
+
+	if (c->bulk_read == 1)
+		bu_init(c);
+	else {
+		dbg_gen("disable bulk-read");
+		kfree(c->bu.buf);
+		c->bu.buf = NULL;
+	}
+
+	ubifs_assert(c->lst.taken_empty_lebs > 0);
+	return 0;
 }
+#endif
+
+const struct super_operations ubifs_super_operations = {
+	.alloc_inode   = ubifs_alloc_inode,
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	.destroy_inode = ubifs_destroy_inode,
+	.put_super     = ubifs_put_super,
+	.write_inode   = ubifs_write_inode,
+	.evict_inode   = ubifs_evict_inode,
+	.statfs        = ubifs_statfs,
+#endif
+	.dirty_inode   = ubifs_dirty_inode,
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	.remount_fs    = ubifs_remount_fs,
+	.show_options  = ubifs_show_options,
+	.sync_fs       = ubifs_sync_fs,
+#endif
+};
 
 /**
  * open_ubi - parse UBI device name string and open the UBI device.
  * @name: UBI volume name
  * @mode: UBI volume open mode
  *
- * There are several ways to specify UBI volumes when mounting UBIFS:
- * o ubiX_Y    - UBI device number X, volume Y;
- * o ubiY      - UBI device number 0, volume Y;
+ * The primary method of mounting UBIFS is by specifying the UBI volume
+ * character device node path. However, UBIFS may also be mounted withoug any
+ * character device node using one of the following methods:
+ *
+ * o ubiX_Y    - mount UBI device number X, volume Y;
+ * o ubiY      - mount UBI device number 0, volume Y;
  * o ubiX:NAME - mount UBI device X, volume with name NAME;
  * o ubi:NAME  - mount UBI device 0, volume with name NAME.
  *
  * Alternative '!' separator may be used instead of ':' (because some shells
  * like busybox may interpret ':' as an NFS host name separator). This function
- * returns ubi volume object in case of success and a negative error code in
- * case of failure.
+ * returns UBI volume description object in case of success and a negative
+ * error code in case of failure.
  */
 static struct ubi_volume_desc *open_ubi(const char *name, int mode)
 {
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	struct ubi_volume_desc *ubi;
+#endif
 	int dev, vol;
 	char *endptr;
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	/* First, try to open using the device node path method */
+	ubi = ubi_open_volume_path(name, mode);
+	if (!IS_ERR(ubi))
+		return ubi;
+#endif
+
+	/* Try the "nodev" method */
 	if (name[0] != 'u' || name[1] != 'b' || name[2] != 'i')
 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
 
@@ -905,78 +2187,100 @@ static struct ubi_volume_desc *open_ubi(const char *name, int mode)
 	return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
 }
 
-static int ubifs_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data, int silent)
+static struct ubifs_info *alloc_ubifs_info(struct ubi_volume_desc *ubi)
 {
-	struct ubi_volume_desc *ubi = sb->s_fs_info;
 	struct ubifs_info *c;
-	struct inode *root;
-	int err;
 
 	c = kzalloc(sizeof(struct ubifs_info), GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (!c)
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	if (c) {
+		spin_lock_init(&c->cnt_lock);
+		spin_lock_init(&c->cs_lock);
+		spin_lock_init(&c->buds_lock);
+		spin_lock_init(&c->space_lock);
+		spin_lock_init(&c->orphan_lock);
+		init_rwsem(&c->commit_sem);
+		mutex_init(&c->lp_mutex);
+		mutex_init(&c->tnc_mutex);
+		mutex_init(&c->log_mutex);
+		mutex_init(&c->mst_mutex);
+		mutex_init(&c->umount_mutex);
+		mutex_init(&c->bu_mutex);
+		mutex_init(&c->write_reserve_mutex);
+		init_waitqueue_head(&c->cmt_wq);
+		c->buds = RB_ROOT;
+		c->old_idx = RB_ROOT;
+		c->size_tree = RB_ROOT;
+		c->orph_tree = RB_ROOT;
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->infos_list);
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->idx_gc);
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->replay_list);
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->replay_buds);
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->uncat_list);
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->empty_list);
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->freeable_list);
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->frdi_idx_list);
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->unclean_leb_list);
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->old_buds);
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->orph_list);
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->orph_new);
+		c->no_chk_data_crc = 1;
+
+		c->highest_inum = UBIFS_FIRST_INO;
+		c->lhead_lnum = c->ltail_lnum = UBIFS_LOG_LNUM;
+
+		ubi_get_volume_info(ubi, &c->vi);
+		ubi_get_device_info(c->vi.ubi_num, &c->di);
+	}
+	return c;
+}
 
-	spin_lock_init(&c->cnt_lock);
-	spin_lock_init(&c->cs_lock);
-	spin_lock_init(&c->buds_lock);
-	spin_lock_init(&c->space_lock);
-	spin_lock_init(&c->orphan_lock);
-	init_rwsem(&c->commit_sem);
-	mutex_init(&c->lp_mutex);
-	mutex_init(&c->tnc_mutex);
-	mutex_init(&c->log_mutex);
-	mutex_init(&c->mst_mutex);
-	mutex_init(&c->umount_mutex);
-	init_waitqueue_head(&c->cmt_wq);
-	c->buds = RB_ROOT;
-	c->old_idx = RB_ROOT;
-	c->size_tree = RB_ROOT;
-	c->orph_tree = RB_ROOT;
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->infos_list);
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->idx_gc);
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->replay_list);
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->replay_buds);
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->uncat_list);
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->empty_list);
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->freeable_list);
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->frdi_idx_list);
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->unclean_leb_list);
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->old_buds);
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->orph_list);
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&c->orph_new);
-
-	c->highest_inum = UBIFS_FIRST_INO;
-	c->lhead_lnum = c->ltail_lnum = UBIFS_LOG_LNUM;
-
-	ubi_get_volume_info(ubi, &c->vi);
-	ubi_get_device_info(c->vi.ubi_num, &c->di);
+static int ubifs_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data, int silent)
+{
+	struct ubifs_info *c = sb->s_fs_info;
+	struct inode *root;
+	int err;
 
+	c->vfs_sb = sb;
 	/* Re-open the UBI device in read-write mode */
-	c->ubi = ubi_open_volume(c->vi.ubi_num, c->vi.vol_id, UBI_READONLY);
+	c->ubi = ubi_open_volume(c->vi.ubi_num, c->vi.vol_id, UBI_READWRITE);
 	if (IS_ERR(c->ubi)) {
 		err = PTR_ERR(c->ubi);
-		goto out_free;
+		goto out;
 	}
 
-	c->vfs_sb = sb;
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	/*
+	 * UBIFS provides 'backing_dev_info' in order to disable read-ahead. For
+	 * UBIFS, I/O is not deferred, it is done immediately in readpage,
+	 * which means the user would have to wait not just for their own I/O
+	 * but the read-ahead I/O as well i.e. completely pointless.
+	 *
+	 * Read-ahead will be disabled because @c->bdi.ra_pages is 0.
+	 */
+	co>bdi.name = "ubifs",
+	c->bdi.capabilities = BDI_CAP_MAP_COPY;
+	err  = bdi_init(&c->bdi);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_close;
+	err = bdi_register(&c->bdi, NULL, "ubifs_%d_%d",
+			   c->vi.ubi_num, c->vi.vol_id);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_bdi;
+
+	err = ubifs_parse_options(c, data, 0);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_bdi;
 
+	sb->s_bdi = &c->bdi;
+#endif
 	sb->s_fs_info = c;
 	sb->s_magic = UBIFS_SUPER_MAGIC;
 	sb->s_blocksize = UBIFS_BLOCK_SIZE;
 	sb->s_blocksize_bits = UBIFS_BLOCK_SHIFT;
-	sb->s_dev = c->vi.cdev;
 	sb->s_maxbytes = c->max_inode_sz = key_max_inode_size(c);
 	if (c->max_inode_sz > MAX_LFS_FILESIZE)
 		sb->s_maxbytes = c->max_inode_sz = MAX_LFS_FILESIZE;
-
-	if (c->rw_incompat) {
-		ubifs_err("the file-system is not R/W-compatible");
-		ubifs_msg("on-flash format version is w%d/r%d, but software "
-			  "only supports up to version w%d/r%d", c->fmt_version,
-			  c->ro_compat_version, UBIFS_FORMAT_VERSION,
-			  UBIFS_RO_COMPAT_VERSION);
-		return -EROFS;
-	}
+	sb->s_op = &ubifs_super_operations;
 
 	mutex_lock(&c->umount_mutex);
 	err = mount_ubifs(c);
@@ -992,7 +2296,15 @@ static int ubifs_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data, int silent)
 		goto out_umount;
 	}
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	sb->s_root = d_make_root(root);
+	if (!sb->s_root) {
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out_umount;
+	}
+#else
 	sb->s_root = NULL;
+#endif
 
 	mutex_unlock(&c->umount_mutex);
 	return 0;
@@ -1001,24 +2313,130 @@ out_umount:
 	ubifs_umount(c);
 out_unlock:
 	mutex_unlock(&c->umount_mutex);
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+out_bdi:
+	bdi_destroy(&c->bdi);
+out_close:
+#endif
 	ubi_close_volume(c->ubi);
-out_free:
-	kfree(c);
+out:
 	return err;
 }
 
 static int sb_test(struct super_block *sb, void *data)
 {
-	dev_t *dev = data;
+	struct ubifs_info *c1 = data;
+	struct ubifs_info *c = sb->s_fs_info;
 
-	return sb->s_dev == *dev;
+	return c->vi.cdev == c1->vi.cdev;
 }
 
-static int ubifs_get_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type, int flags,
-			const char *name, void *data, struct vfsmount *mnt)
+static int sb_set(struct super_block *sb, void *data)
+{
+	sb->s_fs_info = data;
+	return set_anon_super(sb, NULL);
+}
+
+static struct super_block *alloc_super(struct file_system_type *type, int flags)
+{
+	struct super_block *s;
+	int err;
+
+	s = kzalloc(sizeof(struct super_block),  GFP_USER);
+	if (!s) {
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		return ERR_PTR(err);
+	}
+
+	INIT_HLIST_NODE(&s->s_instances);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->s_inodes);
+	s->s_time_gran = 1000000000;
+	s->s_flags = flags;
+
+	return s;
+}
+
+/**
+ *	sget	-	find or create a superblock
+ *	@type:	filesystem type superblock should belong to
+ *	@test:	comparison callback
+ *	@set:	setup callback
+ *	@flags:	mount flags
+ *	@data:	argument to each of them
+ */
+struct super_block *sget(struct file_system_type *type,
+			int (*test)(struct super_block *,void *),
+			int (*set)(struct super_block *,void *),
+			int flags,
+			void *data)
+{
+	struct super_block *s = NULL;
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	struct super_block *old;
+#endif
+	int err;
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+retry:
+	spin_lock(&sb_lock);
+	if (test) {
+		hlist_for_each_entry(old, &type->fs_supers, s_instances) {
+			if (!test(old, data))
+				continue;
+			if (!grab_super(old))
+				goto retry;
+			if (s) {
+				up_write(&s->s_umount);
+				destroy_super(s);
+				s = NULL;
+			}
+			return old;
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+	if (!s) {
+		spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
+		s = alloc_super(type, flags);
+		if (!s)
+			return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+		goto retry;
+#endif
+	}
+		
+	err = set(s, data);
+	if (err) {
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+		spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
+		up_write(&s->s_umount);
+		destroy_super(s);
+#endif
+		return ERR_PTR(err);
+	}
+	s->s_type = type;
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	strlcpy(s->s_id, type->name, sizeof(s->s_id));
+#else
+	strncpy(s->s_id, type->name, sizeof(s->s_id));
+#endif
+	list_add_tail(&s->s_list, &super_blocks);
+	hlist_add_head(&s->s_instances, &type->fs_supers);
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	spin_unlock(&sb_lock);
+	get_filesystem(type);
+	register_shrinker(&s->s_shrink);
+#endif
+	return s;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(sget);
+
+
+static struct dentry *ubifs_mount(struct file_system_type *fs_type, int flags,
+			const char *name, void *data)
 {
 	struct ubi_volume_desc *ubi;
-	struct ubi_volume_info vi;
+	struct ubifs_info *c;
 	struct super_block *sb;
 	int err;
 
@@ -1033,32 +2451,34 @@ static int ubifs_get_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type, int flags,
 	if (IS_ERR(ubi)) {
 		ubifs_err("cannot open \"%s\", error %d",
 			  name, (int)PTR_ERR(ubi));
-		return PTR_ERR(ubi);
+		return ERR_CAST(ubi);
+	}
+
+	c = alloc_ubifs_info(ubi);
+	if (!c) {
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out_close;
 	}
-	ubi_get_volume_info(ubi, &vi);
 
-	dbg_gen("opened ubi%d_%d", vi.ubi_num, vi.vol_id);
+	dbg_gen("opened ubi%d_%d", c->vi.ubi_num, c->vi.vol_id);
 
-	sb = sget(fs_type, &sb_test, &sb_set, &vi.cdev);
+	sb = sget(fs_type, sb_test, sb_set, flags, c);
 	if (IS_ERR(sb)) {
 		err = PTR_ERR(sb);
+		kfree(c);
 		goto out_close;
 	}
 
 	if (sb->s_root) {
+		struct ubifs_info *c1 = sb->s_fs_info;
+		kfree(c);
 		/* A new mount point for already mounted UBIFS */
 		dbg_gen("this ubi volume is already mounted");
-		if ((flags ^ sb->s_flags) & MS_RDONLY) {
+		if (!!(flags & MS_RDONLY) != c1->ro_mount) {
 			err = -EBUSY;
 			goto out_deact;
 		}
 	} else {
-		sb->s_flags = flags;
-		/*
-		 * Pass 'ubi' to 'fill_super()' in sb->s_fs_info where it is
-		 * replaced by 'c'.
-		 */
-		sb->s_fs_info = ubi;
 		err = ubifs_fill_super(sb, data, flags & MS_SILENT ? 1 : 0);
 		if (err)
 			goto out_deact;
@@ -1069,17 +2489,53 @@ static int ubifs_get_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type, int flags,
 	/* 'fill_super()' opens ubi again so we must close it here */
 	ubi_close_volume(ubi);
 
+#ifdef __UBOOT__
 	ubifs_sb = sb;
 	return 0;
+#else
+	return dget(sb->s_root);
+#endif
 
 out_deact:
-	up_write(&sb->s_umount);
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	deactivate_locked_super(sb);
+#endif
 out_close:
 	ubi_close_volume(ubi);
-	return err;
+	return ERR_PTR(err);
+}
+
+static void kill_ubifs_super(struct super_block *s)
+{
+	struct ubifs_info *c = s->s_fs_info;
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	kill_anon_super(s);
+#endif
+	kfree(c);
+}
+
+static struct file_system_type ubifs_fs_type = {
+	.name    = "ubifs",
+	.owner   = THIS_MODULE,
+	.mount   = ubifs_mount,
+	.kill_sb = kill_ubifs_super,
+};
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+MODULE_ALIAS_FS("ubifs");
+
+/*
+ * Inode slab cache constructor.
+ */
+static void inode_slab_ctor(void *obj)
+{
+	struct ubifs_inode *ui = obj;
+	inode_init_once(&ui->vfs_inode);
 }
 
-int __init ubifs_init(void)
+static int __init ubifs_init(void)
+#else
+int ubifs_init(void)
+#endif
 {
 	int err;
 
@@ -1135,41 +2591,84 @@ int __init ubifs_init(void)
 	 * UBIFS_BLOCK_SIZE. It is assumed that both are powers of 2.
 	 */
 	if (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE < UBIFS_BLOCK_SIZE) {
-		ubifs_err("VFS page cache size is %u bytes, but UBIFS requires"
-			  " at least 4096 bytes",
+		ubifs_err("VFS page cache size is %u bytes, but UBIFS requires at least 4096 bytes",
 			  (unsigned int)PAGE_CACHE_SIZE);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
-	err = -ENOMEM;
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	ubifs_inode_slab = kmem_cache_create("ubifs_inode_slab",
+				sizeof(struct ubifs_inode), 0,
+				SLAB_MEM_SPREAD | SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT,
+				&inode_slab_ctor);
+	if (!ubifs_inode_slab)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	register_shrinker(&ubifs_shrinker_info);
+#endif
 
 	err = ubifs_compressors_init();
 	if (err)
 		goto out_shrinker;
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	err = dbg_debugfs_init();
+	if (err)
+		goto out_compr;
+
+	err = register_filesystem(&ubifs_fs_type);
+	if (err) {
+		ubifs_err("cannot register file system, error %d", err);
+		goto out_dbg;
+	}
+#endif
 	return 0;
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+out_dbg:
+	dbg_debugfs_exit();
+out_compr:
+	ubifs_compressors_exit();
+#endif
 out_shrinker:
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	unregister_shrinker(&ubifs_shrinker_info);
+#endif
+	kmem_cache_destroy(ubifs_inode_slab);
 	return err;
 }
+/* late_initcall to let compressors initialize first */
+late_initcall(ubifs_init);
 
-/*
- * ubifsmount...
- */
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+static void __exit ubifs_exit(void)
+{
+	ubifs_assert(list_empty(&ubifs_infos));
+	ubifs_assert(atomic_long_read(&ubifs_clean_zn_cnt) == 0);
 
-static struct file_system_type ubifs_fs_type = {
-	.name    = "ubifs",
-	.owner   = THIS_MODULE,
-	.get_sb  = ubifs_get_sb,
-};
+	dbg_debugfs_exit();
+	ubifs_compressors_exit();
+	unregister_shrinker(&ubifs_shrinker_info);
 
-int ubifs_mount(char *name)
+	/*
+	 * Make sure all delayed rcu free inodes are flushed before we
+	 * destroy cache.
+	 */
+	rcu_barrier();
+	kmem_cache_destroy(ubifs_inode_slab);
+	unregister_filesystem(&ubifs_fs_type);
+}
+module_exit(ubifs_exit);
+
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+MODULE_VERSION(__stringify(UBIFS_VERSION));
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Artem Bityutskiy, Adrian Hunter");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("UBIFS - UBI File System");
+#else
+int uboot_ubifs_mount(char *vol_name)
 {
+	struct dentry *ret;
 	int flags;
-	void *data;
-	struct vfsmount *mnt;
-	int ret;
-	struct ubifs_info *c;
 
 	/*
 	 * First unmount if allready mounted
@@ -1177,23 +2676,17 @@ int ubifs_mount(char *name)
 	if (ubifs_sb)
 		ubifs_umount(ubifs_sb->s_fs_info);
 
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ubifs_infos);
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ubifs_fs_type.fs_supers);
-
 	/*
 	 * Mount in read-only mode
 	 */
 	flags = MS_RDONLY;
-	data = NULL;
-	mnt = NULL;
-	ret = ubifs_get_sb(&ubifs_fs_type, flags, name, data, mnt);
-	if (ret) {
-		ubifs_err("Error reading superblock on volume '%s' errno=%d!\n", name, ret);
+	ret = ubifs_mount(&ubifs_fs_type, flags, vol_name, NULL);
+	if (IS_ERR(ret)) {
+		printf("Error reading superblock on volume '%s' " \
+			"errno=%d!\n", vol_name, (int)PTR_ERR(ret));
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	c = ubifs_sb->s_fs_info;
-	ubi_close_volume(c->ubi);
-
 	return 0;
 }
+#endif
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/tnc.c b/fs/ubifs/tnc.c
index ccda9387bc..eda5070557 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/tnc.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/tnc.c
@@ -3,18 +3,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Nokia Corporation.
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
- * more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
- * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
- * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
  *
  * Authors: Adrian Hunter
  *          Artem Bityutskiy (Битюцкий Артём)
@@ -30,6 +19,15 @@
  * the mutex locked.
  */
 
+#define __UBOOT__
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+#include <linux/crc32.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#else
+#include <linux/compat.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/stat.h>
+#endif
 #include "ubifs.h"
 
 /*
@@ -176,27 +174,11 @@ static int ins_clr_old_idx_znode(struct ubifs_info *c,
  */
 void destroy_old_idx(struct ubifs_info *c)
 {
-	struct rb_node *this = c->old_idx.rb_node;
-	struct ubifs_old_idx *old_idx;
+	struct ubifs_old_idx *old_idx, *n;
 
-	while (this) {
-		if (this->rb_left) {
-			this = this->rb_left;
-			continue;
-		} else if (this->rb_right) {
-			this = this->rb_right;
-			continue;
-		}
-		old_idx = rb_entry(this, struct ubifs_old_idx, rb);
-		this = rb_parent(this);
-		if (this) {
-			if (this->rb_left == &old_idx->rb)
-				this->rb_left = NULL;
-			else
-				this->rb_right = NULL;
-		}
+	rbtree_postorder_for_each_entry_safe(old_idx, n, &c->old_idx, rb)
 		kfree(old_idx);
-	}
+
 	c->old_idx = RB_ROOT;
 }
 
@@ -221,7 +203,7 @@ static struct ubifs_znode *copy_znode(struct ubifs_info *c,
 	__set_bit(DIRTY_ZNODE, &zn->flags);
 	__clear_bit(COW_ZNODE, &zn->flags);
 
-	ubifs_assert(!test_bit(OBSOLETE_ZNODE, &znode->flags));
+	ubifs_assert(!ubifs_zn_obsolete(znode));
 	__set_bit(OBSOLETE_ZNODE, &znode->flags);
 
 	if (znode->level != 0) {
@@ -269,7 +251,7 @@ static struct ubifs_znode *dirty_cow_znode(struct ubifs_info *c,
 	struct ubifs_znode *zn;
 	int err;
 
-	if (!test_bit(COW_ZNODE, &znode->flags)) {
+	if (!ubifs_zn_cow(znode)) {
 		/* znode is not being committed */
 		if (!test_and_set_bit(DIRTY_ZNODE, &znode->flags)) {
 			atomic_long_inc(&c->dirty_zn_cnt);
@@ -337,17 +319,16 @@ static int lnc_add(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_zbranch *zbr,
 
 	err = ubifs_validate_entry(c, dent);
 	if (err) {
-		dbg_dump_stack();
-		dbg_dump_node(c, dent);
+		dump_stack();
+		ubifs_dump_node(c, dent);
 		return err;
 	}
 
-	lnc_node = kmalloc(zbr->len, GFP_NOFS);
+	lnc_node = kmemdup(node, zbr->len, GFP_NOFS);
 	if (!lnc_node)
 		/* We don't have to have the cache, so no error */
 		return 0;
 
-	memcpy(lnc_node, node, zbr->len);
 	zbr->leaf = lnc_node;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -371,8 +352,8 @@ static int lnc_add_directly(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_zbranch *zbr,
 
 	err = ubifs_validate_entry(c, node);
 	if (err) {
-		dbg_dump_stack();
-		dbg_dump_node(c, node);
+		dump_stack();
+		ubifs_dump_node(c, node);
 		return err;
 	}
 
@@ -445,8 +426,11 @@ static int tnc_read_node_nm(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_zbranch *zbr,
  *
  * Note, this function does not check CRC of data nodes if @c->no_chk_data_crc
  * is true (it is controlled by corresponding mount option). However, if
- * @c->always_chk_crc is true, @c->no_chk_data_crc is ignored and CRC is always
- * checked.
+ * @c->mounting or @c->remounting_rw is true (we are mounting or re-mounting to
+ * R/W mode), @c->no_chk_data_crc is ignored and CRC is checked. This is
+ * because during mounting or re-mounting from R/O mode to R/W mode we may read
+ * journal nodes (when replying the journal or doing the recovery) and the
+ * journal nodes may potentially be corrupted, so checking is required.
  */
 static int try_read_node(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf, int type,
 			 int len, int lnum, int offs)
@@ -457,7 +441,7 @@ static int try_read_node(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf, int type,
 
 	dbg_io("LEB %d:%d, %s, length %d", lnum, offs, dbg_ntype(type), len);
 
-	err = ubi_read(c->ubi, lnum, buf, offs, len);
+	err = ubifs_leb_read(c, lnum, buf, offs, len, 1);
 	if (err) {
 		ubifs_err("cannot read node type %d from LEB %d:%d, error %d",
 			  type, lnum, offs, err);
@@ -474,7 +458,8 @@ static int try_read_node(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf, int type,
 	if (node_len != len)
 		return 0;
 
-	if (type == UBIFS_DATA_NODE && !c->always_chk_crc && c->no_chk_data_crc)
+	if (type == UBIFS_DATA_NODE && c->no_chk_data_crc && !c->mounting &&
+	    !c->remounting_rw)
 		return 1;
 
 	crc = crc32(UBIFS_CRC32_INIT, buf + 8, node_len - 8);
@@ -500,7 +485,7 @@ static int fallible_read_node(struct ubifs_info *c, const union ubifs_key *key,
 {
 	int ret;
 
-	dbg_tnc("LEB %d:%d, key %s", zbr->lnum, zbr->offs, DBGKEY(key));
+	dbg_tnck(key, "LEB %d:%d, key ", zbr->lnum, zbr->offs);
 
 	ret = try_read_node(c, node, key_type(c, key), zbr->len, zbr->lnum,
 			    zbr->offs);
@@ -514,8 +499,8 @@ static int fallible_read_node(struct ubifs_info *c, const union ubifs_key *key,
 			ret = 0;
 	}
 	if (ret == 0 && c->replaying)
-		dbg_mnt("dangling branch LEB %d:%d len %d, key %s",
-			zbr->lnum, zbr->offs, zbr->len, DBGKEY(key));
+		dbg_mntk(key, "dangling branch LEB %d:%d len %d, key ",
+			zbr->lnum, zbr->offs, zbr->len);
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -990,9 +975,9 @@ static int fallible_resolve_collision(struct ubifs_info *c,
 	if (adding || !o_znode)
 		return 0;
 
-	dbg_mnt("dangling match LEB %d:%d len %d %s",
+	dbg_mntk(key, "dangling match LEB %d:%d len %d key ",
 		o_znode->zbranch[o_n].lnum, o_znode->zbranch[o_n].offs,
-		o_znode->zbranch[o_n].len, DBGKEY(key));
+		o_znode->zbranch[o_n].len);
 	*zn = o_znode;
 	*n = o_n;
 	return 1;
@@ -1158,8 +1143,8 @@ static struct ubifs_znode *dirty_cow_bottom_up(struct ubifs_info *c,
  *   o exact match, i.e. the found zero-level znode contains key @key, then %1
  *     is returned and slot number of the matched branch is stored in @n;
  *   o not exact match, which means that zero-level znode does not contain
- *     @key, then %0 is returned and slot number of the closed branch is stored
- *     in  @n;
+ *     @key, then %0 is returned and slot number of the closest branch is stored
+ *     in @n;
  *   o @key is so small that it is even less than the lowest key of the
  *     leftmost zero-level node, then %0 is returned and %0 is stored in @n.
  *
@@ -1174,7 +1159,8 @@ int ubifs_lookup_level0(struct ubifs_info *c, const union ubifs_key *key,
 	struct ubifs_znode *znode;
 	unsigned long time = get_seconds();
 
-	dbg_tnc("search key %s", DBGKEY(key));
+	dbg_tnck(key, "search key ");
+	ubifs_assert(key_type(c, key) < UBIFS_INVALID_KEY);
 
 	znode = c->zroot.znode;
 	if (unlikely(!znode)) {
@@ -1251,7 +1237,7 @@ int ubifs_lookup_level0(struct ubifs_info *c, const union ubifs_key *key,
 	 * splitting in the middle of the colliding sequence. Also, when
 	 * removing the leftmost key, we would have to correct the key of the
 	 * parent node, which would introduce additional complications. Namely,
-	 * if we changed the the leftmost key of the parent znode, the garbage
+	 * if we changed the leftmost key of the parent znode, the garbage
 	 * collector would be unable to find it (GC is doing this when GC'ing
 	 * indexing LEBs). Although we already have an additional RB-tree where
 	 * we save such changed znodes (see 'ins_clr_old_idx_znode()') until
@@ -1309,7 +1295,7 @@ static int lookup_level0_dirty(struct ubifs_info *c, const union ubifs_key *key,
 	struct ubifs_znode *znode;
 	unsigned long time = get_seconds();
 
-	dbg_tnc("search and dirty key %s", DBGKEY(key));
+	dbg_tnck(key, "search and dirty key ");
 
 	znode = c->zroot.znode;
 	if (unlikely(!znode)) {
@@ -1400,9 +1386,31 @@ static int lookup_level0_dirty(struct ubifs_info *c, const union ubifs_key *key,
  */
 static int maybe_leb_gced(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int gc_seq1)
 {
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	int gc_seq2, gced_lnum;
+
+	gced_lnum = c->gced_lnum;
+	smp_rmb();
+	gc_seq2 = c->gc_seq;
+	/* Same seq means no GC */
+	if (gc_seq1 == gc_seq2)
+		return 0;
+	/* Different by more than 1 means we don't know */
+	if (gc_seq1 + 1 != gc_seq2)
+		return 1;
 	/*
-	 * No garbage collection in the read-only U-Boot implementation
+	 * We have seen the sequence number has increased by 1. Now we need to
+	 * be sure we read the right LEB number, so read it again.
 	 */
+	smp_rmb();
+	if (gced_lnum != c->gced_lnum)
+		return 1;
+	/* Finally we can check lnum */
+	if (gced_lnum == lnum)
+		return 1;
+#else
+	/* No garbage collection in the read-only U-Boot implementation */
+#endif
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1414,7 +1422,7 @@ static int maybe_leb_gced(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int gc_seq1)
  * @lnum: LEB number is returned here
  * @offs: offset is returned here
  *
- * This function look up and reads node with key @key. The caller has to make
+ * This function looks up and reads node with key @key. The caller has to make
  * sure the @node buffer is large enough to fit the node. Returns zero in case
  * of success, %-ENOENT if the node was not found, and a negative error code in
  * case of failure. The node location can be returned in @lnum and @offs.
@@ -1458,6 +1466,12 @@ again:
 	gc_seq1 = c->gc_seq;
 	mutex_unlock(&c->tnc_mutex);
 
+	if (ubifs_get_wbuf(c, zbr.lnum)) {
+		/* We do not GC journal heads */
+		err = ubifs_tnc_read_node(c, &zbr, node);
+		return err;
+	}
+
 	err = fallible_read_node(c, key, &zbr, node);
 	if (err <= 0 || maybe_leb_gced(c, zbr.lnum, gc_seq1)) {
 		/*
@@ -1610,6 +1624,51 @@ out:
 }
 
 /**
+ * read_wbuf - bulk-read from a LEB with a wbuf.
+ * @wbuf: wbuf that may overlap the read
+ * @buf: buffer into which to read
+ * @len: read length
+ * @lnum: LEB number from which to read
+ * @offs: offset from which to read
+ *
+ * This functions returns %0 on success or a negative error code on failure.
+ */
+static int read_wbuf(struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf, void *buf, int len, int lnum,
+		     int offs)
+{
+	const struct ubifs_info *c = wbuf->c;
+	int rlen, overlap;
+
+	dbg_io("LEB %d:%d, length %d", lnum, offs, len);
+	ubifs_assert(wbuf && lnum >= 0 && lnum < c->leb_cnt && offs >= 0);
+	ubifs_assert(!(offs & 7) && offs < c->leb_size);
+	ubifs_assert(offs + len <= c->leb_size);
+
+	spin_lock(&wbuf->lock);
+	overlap = (lnum == wbuf->lnum && offs + len > wbuf->offs);
+	if (!overlap) {
+		/* We may safely unlock the write-buffer and read the data */
+		spin_unlock(&wbuf->lock);
+		return ubifs_leb_read(c, lnum, buf, offs, len, 0);
+	}
+
+	/* Don't read under wbuf */
+	rlen = wbuf->offs - offs;
+	if (rlen < 0)
+		rlen = 0;
+
+	/* Copy the rest from the write-buffer */
+	memcpy(buf + rlen, wbuf->buf + offs + rlen - wbuf->offs, len - rlen);
+	spin_unlock(&wbuf->lock);
+
+	if (rlen > 0)
+		/* Read everything that goes before write-buffer */
+		return ubifs_leb_read(c, lnum, buf, offs, rlen, 0);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
  * validate_data_node - validate data nodes for bulk-read.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  * @buf: buffer containing data node to validate
@@ -1647,8 +1706,8 @@ static int validate_data_node(struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf,
 	if (!keys_eq(c, &zbr->key, &key1)) {
 		ubifs_err("bad key in node at LEB %d:%d",
 			  zbr->lnum, zbr->offs);
-		dbg_tnc("looked for key %s found node's key %s",
-			DBGKEY(&zbr->key), DBGKEY1(&key1));
+		dbg_tnck(&zbr->key, "looked for key ");
+		dbg_tnck(&key1, "found node's key ");
 		goto out_err;
 	}
 
@@ -1658,8 +1717,8 @@ out_err:
 	err = -EINVAL;
 out:
 	ubifs_err("bad node at LEB %d:%d", zbr->lnum, zbr->offs);
-	dbg_dump_node(c, buf);
-	dbg_dump_stack();
+	ubifs_dump_node(c, buf);
+	dump_stack();
 	return err;
 }
 
@@ -1676,6 +1735,7 @@ out:
 int ubifs_tnc_bulk_read(struct ubifs_info *c, struct bu_info *bu)
 {
 	int lnum = bu->zbranch[0].lnum, offs = bu->zbranch[0].offs, len, err, i;
+	struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf;
 	void *buf;
 
 	len = bu->zbranch[bu->cnt - 1].offs;
@@ -1686,7 +1746,11 @@ int ubifs_tnc_bulk_read(struct ubifs_info *c, struct bu_info *bu)
 	}
 
 	/* Do the read */
-	err = ubi_read(c->ubi, lnum, bu->buf, offs, len);
+	wbuf = ubifs_get_wbuf(c, lnum);
+	if (wbuf)
+		err = read_wbuf(wbuf, bu->buf, len, lnum, offs);
+	else
+		err = ubifs_leb_read(c, lnum, bu->buf, offs, len, 0);
 
 	/* Check for a race with GC */
 	if (maybe_leb_gced(c, lnum, bu->gc_seq))
@@ -1695,8 +1759,8 @@ int ubifs_tnc_bulk_read(struct ubifs_info *c, struct bu_info *bu)
 	if (err && err != -EBADMSG) {
 		ubifs_err("failed to read from LEB %d:%d, error %d",
 			  lnum, offs, err);
-		dbg_dump_stack();
-		dbg_tnc("key %s", DBGKEY(&bu->key));
+		dump_stack();
+		dbg_tnck(&bu->key, "key ");
 		return err;
 	}
 
@@ -1731,7 +1795,7 @@ static int do_lookup_nm(struct ubifs_info *c, const union ubifs_key *key,
 	int found, n, err;
 	struct ubifs_znode *znode;
 
-	dbg_tnc("name '%.*s' key %s", nm->len, nm->name, DBGKEY(key));
+	dbg_tnck(key, "name '%.*s' key ", nm->len, nm->name);
 	mutex_lock(&c->tnc_mutex);
 	found = ubifs_lookup_level0(c, key, &znode, &n);
 	if (!found) {
@@ -1905,8 +1969,7 @@ again:
 	zp = znode->parent;
 	if (znode->child_cnt < c->fanout) {
 		ubifs_assert(n != c->fanout);
-		dbg_tnc("inserted at %d level %d, key %s", n, znode->level,
-			DBGKEY(key));
+		dbg_tnck(key, "inserted at %d level %d, key ", n, znode->level);
 
 		insert_zbranch(znode, zbr, n);
 
@@ -1921,7 +1984,7 @@ again:
 	 * Unfortunately, @znode does not have more empty slots and we have to
 	 * split it.
 	 */
-	dbg_tnc("splitting level %d, key %s", znode->level, DBGKEY(key));
+	dbg_tnck(key, "splitting level %d, key ", znode->level);
 
 	if (znode->alt)
 		/*
@@ -2015,7 +2078,7 @@ do_split:
 	}
 
 	/* Insert new key and branch */
-	dbg_tnc("inserting at %d level %d, key %s", n, zn->level, DBGKEY(key));
+	dbg_tnck(key, "inserting at %d level %d, key ", n, zn->level);
 
 	insert_zbranch(zi, zbr, n);
 
@@ -2091,7 +2154,7 @@ int ubifs_tnc_add(struct ubifs_info *c, const union ubifs_key *key, int lnum,
 	struct ubifs_znode *znode;
 
 	mutex_lock(&c->tnc_mutex);
-	dbg_tnc("%d:%d, len %d, key %s", lnum, offs, len, DBGKEY(key));
+	dbg_tnck(key, "%d:%d, len %d, key ", lnum, offs, len);
 	found = lookup_level0_dirty(c, key, &znode, &n);
 	if (!found) {
 		struct ubifs_zbranch zbr;
@@ -2140,8 +2203,8 @@ int ubifs_tnc_replace(struct ubifs_info *c, const union ubifs_key *key,
 	struct ubifs_znode *znode;
 
 	mutex_lock(&c->tnc_mutex);
-	dbg_tnc("old LEB %d:%d, new LEB %d:%d, len %d, key %s", old_lnum,
-		old_offs, lnum, offs, len, DBGKEY(key));
+	dbg_tnck(key, "old LEB %d:%d, new LEB %d:%d, len %d, key ", old_lnum,
+		 old_offs, lnum, offs, len);
 	found = lookup_level0_dirty(c, key, &znode, &n);
 	if (found < 0) {
 		err = found;
@@ -2223,8 +2286,8 @@ int ubifs_tnc_add_nm(struct ubifs_info *c, const union ubifs_key *key,
 	struct ubifs_znode *znode;
 
 	mutex_lock(&c->tnc_mutex);
-	dbg_tnc("LEB %d:%d, name '%.*s', key %s", lnum, offs, nm->len, nm->name,
-		DBGKEY(key));
+	dbg_tnck(key, "LEB %d:%d, name '%.*s', key ",
+		 lnum, offs, nm->len, nm->name);
 	found = lookup_level0_dirty(c, key, &znode, &n);
 	if (found < 0) {
 		err = found;
@@ -2282,7 +2345,7 @@ int ubifs_tnc_add_nm(struct ubifs_info *c, const union ubifs_key *key,
 			 * by passing 'ubifs_tnc_remove_nm()' the same key but
 			 * an unmatchable name.
 			 */
-			struct qstr noname = { .len = 0, .name = "" };
+			struct qstr noname = { .name = "" };
 
 			err = dbg_check_tnc(c, 0);
 			mutex_unlock(&c->tnc_mutex);
@@ -2317,14 +2380,14 @@ static int tnc_delete(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_znode *znode, int n)
 	/* Delete without merge for now */
 	ubifs_assert(znode->level == 0);
 	ubifs_assert(n >= 0 && n < c->fanout);
-	dbg_tnc("deleting %s", DBGKEY(&znode->zbranch[n].key));
+	dbg_tnck(&znode->zbranch[n].key, "deleting key ");
 
 	zbr = &znode->zbranch[n];
 	lnc_free(zbr);
 
 	err = ubifs_add_dirt(c, zbr->lnum, zbr->len);
 	if (err) {
-		dbg_dump_znode(c, znode);
+		ubifs_dump_znode(c, znode);
 		return err;
 	}
 
@@ -2342,7 +2405,7 @@ static int tnc_delete(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_znode *znode, int n)
 	 */
 
 	do {
-		ubifs_assert(!test_bit(OBSOLETE_ZNODE, &znode->flags));
+		ubifs_assert(!ubifs_zn_obsolete(znode));
 		ubifs_assert(ubifs_zn_dirty(znode));
 
 		zp = znode->parent;
@@ -2398,9 +2461,8 @@ static int tnc_delete(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_znode *znode, int n)
 			c->zroot.offs = zbr->offs;
 			c->zroot.len = zbr->len;
 			c->zroot.znode = znode;
-			ubifs_assert(!test_bit(OBSOLETE_ZNODE,
-				     &zp->flags));
-			ubifs_assert(test_bit(DIRTY_ZNODE, &zp->flags));
+			ubifs_assert(!ubifs_zn_obsolete(zp));
+			ubifs_assert(ubifs_zn_dirty(zp));
 			atomic_long_dec(&c->dirty_zn_cnt);
 
 			if (zp->cnext) {
@@ -2428,7 +2490,7 @@ int ubifs_tnc_remove(struct ubifs_info *c, const union ubifs_key *key)
 	struct ubifs_znode *znode;
 
 	mutex_lock(&c->tnc_mutex);
-	dbg_tnc("key %s", DBGKEY(key));
+	dbg_tnck(key, "key ");
 	found = lookup_level0_dirty(c, key, &znode, &n);
 	if (found < 0) {
 		err = found;
@@ -2459,7 +2521,7 @@ int ubifs_tnc_remove_nm(struct ubifs_info *c, const union ubifs_key *key,
 	struct ubifs_znode *znode;
 
 	mutex_lock(&c->tnc_mutex);
-	dbg_tnc("%.*s, key %s", nm->len, nm->name, DBGKEY(key));
+	dbg_tnck(key, "%.*s, key ", nm->len, nm->name);
 	err = lookup_level0_dirty(c, key, &znode, &n);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto out_unlock;
@@ -2476,11 +2538,11 @@ int ubifs_tnc_remove_nm(struct ubifs_info *c, const union ubifs_key *key,
 		if (err) {
 			/* Ensure the znode is dirtied */
 			if (znode->cnext || !ubifs_zn_dirty(znode)) {
-				    znode = dirty_cow_bottom_up(c, znode);
-				    if (IS_ERR(znode)) {
-					    err = PTR_ERR(znode);
-					    goto out_unlock;
-				    }
+				znode = dirty_cow_bottom_up(c, znode);
+				if (IS_ERR(znode)) {
+					err = PTR_ERR(znode);
+					goto out_unlock;
+				}
 			}
 			err = tnc_delete(c, znode, n);
 		}
@@ -2571,10 +2633,10 @@ int ubifs_tnc_remove_range(struct ubifs_info *c, union ubifs_key *from_key,
 			err = ubifs_add_dirt(c, znode->zbranch[i].lnum,
 					     znode->zbranch[i].len);
 			if (err) {
-				dbg_dump_znode(c, znode);
+				ubifs_dump_znode(c, znode);
 				goto out_unlock;
 			}
-			dbg_tnc("removing %s", DBGKEY(key));
+			dbg_tnck(key, "removing key ");
 		}
 		if (k) {
 			for (i = n + 1 + k; i < znode->child_cnt; i++)
@@ -2633,7 +2695,7 @@ int ubifs_tnc_remove_ino(struct ubifs_info *c, ino_t inum)
 		dbg_tnc("xent '%s', ino %lu", xent->name,
 			(unsigned long)xattr_inum);
 
-		nm.name = (char *)xent->name;
+		nm.name = xent->name;
 		nm.len = le16_to_cpu(xent->nlen);
 		err = ubifs_tnc_remove_nm(c, &key1, &nm);
 		if (err) {
@@ -2694,7 +2756,7 @@ struct ubifs_dent_node *ubifs_tnc_next_ent(struct ubifs_info *c,
 	struct ubifs_zbranch *zbr;
 	union ubifs_key *dkey;
 
-	dbg_tnc("%s %s", nm->name ? (char *)nm->name : "(lowest)", DBGKEY(key));
+	dbg_tnck(key, "%s ", nm->name ? (char *)nm->name : "(lowest)");
 	ubifs_assert(is_hash_key(c, key));
 
 	mutex_lock(&c->tnc_mutex);
@@ -2765,3 +2827,503 @@ out_unlock:
 	mutex_unlock(&c->tnc_mutex);
 	return ERR_PTR(err);
 }
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+/**
+ * tnc_destroy_cnext - destroy left-over obsolete znodes from a failed commit.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ *
+ * Destroy left-over obsolete znodes from a failed commit.
+ */
+static void tnc_destroy_cnext(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	struct ubifs_znode *cnext;
+
+	if (!c->cnext)
+		return;
+	ubifs_assert(c->cmt_state == COMMIT_BROKEN);
+	cnext = c->cnext;
+	do {
+		struct ubifs_znode *znode = cnext;
+
+		cnext = cnext->cnext;
+		if (ubifs_zn_obsolete(znode))
+			kfree(znode);
+	} while (cnext && cnext != c->cnext);
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_tnc_close - close TNC subsystem and free all related resources.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ */
+void ubifs_tnc_close(struct ubifs_info *c)
+{
+	tnc_destroy_cnext(c);
+	if (c->zroot.znode) {
+		long n;
+
+		ubifs_destroy_tnc_subtree(c->zroot.znode);
+		n = atomic_long_read(&c->clean_zn_cnt);
+		atomic_long_sub(n, &ubifs_clean_zn_cnt);
+	}
+	kfree(c->gap_lebs);
+	kfree(c->ilebs);
+	destroy_old_idx(c);
+}
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * left_znode - get the znode to the left.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @znode: znode
+ *
+ * This function returns a pointer to the znode to the left of @znode or NULL if
+ * there is not one. A negative error code is returned on failure.
+ */
+static struct ubifs_znode *left_znode(struct ubifs_info *c,
+				      struct ubifs_znode *znode)
+{
+	int level = znode->level;
+
+	while (1) {
+		int n = znode->iip - 1;
+
+		/* Go up until we can go left */
+		znode = znode->parent;
+		if (!znode)
+			return NULL;
+		if (n >= 0) {
+			/* Now go down the rightmost branch to 'level' */
+			znode = get_znode(c, znode, n);
+			if (IS_ERR(znode))
+				return znode;
+			while (znode->level != level) {
+				n = znode->child_cnt - 1;
+				znode = get_znode(c, znode, n);
+				if (IS_ERR(znode))
+					return znode;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	return znode;
+}
+
+/**
+ * right_znode - get the znode to the right.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @znode: znode
+ *
+ * This function returns a pointer to the znode to the right of @znode or NULL
+ * if there is not one. A negative error code is returned on failure.
+ */
+static struct ubifs_znode *right_znode(struct ubifs_info *c,
+				       struct ubifs_znode *znode)
+{
+	int level = znode->level;
+
+	while (1) {
+		int n = znode->iip + 1;
+
+		/* Go up until we can go right */
+		znode = znode->parent;
+		if (!znode)
+			return NULL;
+		if (n < znode->child_cnt) {
+			/* Now go down the leftmost branch to 'level' */
+			znode = get_znode(c, znode, n);
+			if (IS_ERR(znode))
+				return znode;
+			while (znode->level != level) {
+				znode = get_znode(c, znode, 0);
+				if (IS_ERR(znode))
+					return znode;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	return znode;
+}
+
+/**
+ * lookup_znode - find a particular indexing node from TNC.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @key: index node key to lookup
+ * @level: index node level
+ * @lnum: index node LEB number
+ * @offs: index node offset
+ *
+ * This function searches an indexing node by its first key @key and its
+ * address @lnum:@offs. It looks up the indexing tree by pulling all indexing
+ * nodes it traverses to TNC. This function is called for indexing nodes which
+ * were found on the media by scanning, for example when garbage-collecting or
+ * when doing in-the-gaps commit. This means that the indexing node which is
+ * looked for does not have to have exactly the same leftmost key @key, because
+ * the leftmost key may have been changed, in which case TNC will contain a
+ * dirty znode which still refers the same @lnum:@offs. This function is clever
+ * enough to recognize such indexing nodes.
+ *
+ * Note, if a znode was deleted or changed too much, then this function will
+ * not find it. For situations like this UBIFS has the old index RB-tree
+ * (indexed by @lnum:@offs).
+ *
+ * This function returns a pointer to the znode found or %NULL if it is not
+ * found. A negative error code is returned on failure.
+ */
+static struct ubifs_znode *lookup_znode(struct ubifs_info *c,
+					union ubifs_key *key, int level,
+					int lnum, int offs)
+{
+	struct ubifs_znode *znode, *zn;
+	int n, nn;
+
+	ubifs_assert(key_type(c, key) < UBIFS_INVALID_KEY);
+
+	/*
+	 * The arguments have probably been read off flash, so don't assume
+	 * they are valid.
+	 */
+	if (level < 0)
+		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+
+	/* Get the root znode */
+	znode = c->zroot.znode;
+	if (!znode) {
+		znode = ubifs_load_znode(c, &c->zroot, NULL, 0);
+		if (IS_ERR(znode))
+			return znode;
+	}
+	/* Check if it is the one we are looking for */
+	if (c->zroot.lnum == lnum && c->zroot.offs == offs)
+		return znode;
+	/* Descend to the parent level i.e. (level + 1) */
+	if (level >= znode->level)
+		return NULL;
+	while (1) {
+		ubifs_search_zbranch(c, znode, key, &n);
+		if (n < 0) {
+			/*
+			 * We reached a znode where the leftmost key is greater
+			 * than the key we are searching for. This is the same
+			 * situation as the one described in a huge comment at
+			 * the end of the 'ubifs_lookup_level0()' function. And
+			 * for exactly the same reasons we have to try to look
+			 * left before giving up.
+			 */
+			znode = left_znode(c, znode);
+			if (!znode)
+				return NULL;
+			if (IS_ERR(znode))
+				return znode;
+			ubifs_search_zbranch(c, znode, key, &n);
+			ubifs_assert(n >= 0);
+		}
+		if (znode->level == level + 1)
+			break;
+		znode = get_znode(c, znode, n);
+		if (IS_ERR(znode))
+			return znode;
+	}
+	/* Check if the child is the one we are looking for */
+	if (znode->zbranch[n].lnum == lnum && znode->zbranch[n].offs == offs)
+		return get_znode(c, znode, n);
+	/* If the key is unique, there is nowhere else to look */
+	if (!is_hash_key(c, key))
+		return NULL;
+	/*
+	 * The key is not unique and so may be also in the znodes to either
+	 * side.
+	 */
+	zn = znode;
+	nn = n;
+	/* Look left */
+	while (1) {
+		/* Move one branch to the left */
+		if (n)
+			n -= 1;
+		else {
+			znode = left_znode(c, znode);
+			if (!znode)
+				break;
+			if (IS_ERR(znode))
+				return znode;
+			n = znode->child_cnt - 1;
+		}
+		/* Check it */
+		if (znode->zbranch[n].lnum == lnum &&
+		    znode->zbranch[n].offs == offs)
+			return get_znode(c, znode, n);
+		/* Stop if the key is less than the one we are looking for */
+		if (keys_cmp(c, &znode->zbranch[n].key, key) < 0)
+			break;
+	}
+	/* Back to the middle */
+	znode = zn;
+	n = nn;
+	/* Look right */
+	while (1) {
+		/* Move one branch to the right */
+		if (++n >= znode->child_cnt) {
+			znode = right_znode(c, znode);
+			if (!znode)
+				break;
+			if (IS_ERR(znode))
+				return znode;
+			n = 0;
+		}
+		/* Check it */
+		if (znode->zbranch[n].lnum == lnum &&
+		    znode->zbranch[n].offs == offs)
+			return get_znode(c, znode, n);
+		/* Stop if the key is greater than the one we are looking for */
+		if (keys_cmp(c, &znode->zbranch[n].key, key) > 0)
+			break;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ * is_idx_node_in_tnc - determine if an index node is in the TNC.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @key: key of index node
+ * @level: index node level
+ * @lnum: LEB number of index node
+ * @offs: offset of index node
+ *
+ * This function returns %0 if the index node is not referred to in the TNC, %1
+ * if the index node is referred to in the TNC and the corresponding znode is
+ * dirty, %2 if an index node is referred to in the TNC and the corresponding
+ * znode is clean, and a negative error code in case of failure.
+ *
+ * Note, the @key argument has to be the key of the first child. Also note,
+ * this function relies on the fact that 0:0 is never a valid LEB number and
+ * offset for a main-area node.
+ */
+int is_idx_node_in_tnc(struct ubifs_info *c, union ubifs_key *key, int level,
+		       int lnum, int offs)
+{
+	struct ubifs_znode *znode;
+
+	znode = lookup_znode(c, key, level, lnum, offs);
+	if (!znode)
+		return 0;
+	if (IS_ERR(znode))
+		return PTR_ERR(znode);
+
+	return ubifs_zn_dirty(znode) ? 1 : 2;
+}
+
+/**
+ * is_leaf_node_in_tnc - determine if a non-indexing not is in the TNC.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @key: node key
+ * @lnum: node LEB number
+ * @offs: node offset
+ *
+ * This function returns %1 if the node is referred to in the TNC, %0 if it is
+ * not, and a negative error code in case of failure.
+ *
+ * Note, this function relies on the fact that 0:0 is never a valid LEB number
+ * and offset for a main-area node.
+ */
+static int is_leaf_node_in_tnc(struct ubifs_info *c, union ubifs_key *key,
+			       int lnum, int offs)
+{
+	struct ubifs_zbranch *zbr;
+	struct ubifs_znode *znode, *zn;
+	int n, found, err, nn;
+	const int unique = !is_hash_key(c, key);
+
+	found = ubifs_lookup_level0(c, key, &znode, &n);
+	if (found < 0)
+		return found; /* Error code */
+	if (!found)
+		return 0;
+	zbr = &znode->zbranch[n];
+	if (lnum == zbr->lnum && offs == zbr->offs)
+		return 1; /* Found it */
+	if (unique)
+		return 0;
+	/*
+	 * Because the key is not unique, we have to look left
+	 * and right as well
+	 */
+	zn = znode;
+	nn = n;
+	/* Look left */
+	while (1) {
+		err = tnc_prev(c, &znode, &n);
+		if (err == -ENOENT)
+			break;
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+		if (keys_cmp(c, key, &znode->zbranch[n].key))
+			break;
+		zbr = &znode->zbranch[n];
+		if (lnum == zbr->lnum && offs == zbr->offs)
+			return 1; /* Found it */
+	}
+	/* Look right */
+	znode = zn;
+	n = nn;
+	while (1) {
+		err = tnc_next(c, &znode, &n);
+		if (err) {
+			if (err == -ENOENT)
+				return 0;
+			return err;
+		}
+		if (keys_cmp(c, key, &znode->zbranch[n].key))
+			break;
+		zbr = &znode->zbranch[n];
+		if (lnum == zbr->lnum && offs == zbr->offs)
+			return 1; /* Found it */
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_tnc_has_node - determine whether a node is in the TNC.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @key: node key
+ * @level: index node level (if it is an index node)
+ * @lnum: node LEB number
+ * @offs: node offset
+ * @is_idx: non-zero if the node is an index node
+ *
+ * This function returns %1 if the node is in the TNC, %0 if it is not, and a
+ * negative error code in case of failure. For index nodes, @key has to be the
+ * key of the first child. An index node is considered to be in the TNC only if
+ * the corresponding znode is clean or has not been loaded.
+ */
+int ubifs_tnc_has_node(struct ubifs_info *c, union ubifs_key *key, int level,
+		       int lnum, int offs, int is_idx)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	mutex_lock(&c->tnc_mutex);
+	if (is_idx) {
+		err = is_idx_node_in_tnc(c, key, level, lnum, offs);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto out_unlock;
+		if (err == 1)
+			/* The index node was found but it was dirty */
+			err = 0;
+		else if (err == 2)
+			/* The index node was found and it was clean */
+			err = 1;
+		else
+			BUG_ON(err != 0);
+	} else
+		err = is_leaf_node_in_tnc(c, key, lnum, offs);
+
+out_unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&c->tnc_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ubifs_dirty_idx_node - dirty an index node.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @key: index node key
+ * @level: index node level
+ * @lnum: index node LEB number
+ * @offs: index node offset
+ *
+ * This function loads and dirties an index node so that it can be garbage
+ * collected. The @key argument has to be the key of the first child. This
+ * function relies on the fact that 0:0 is never a valid LEB number and offset
+ * for a main-area node. Returns %0 on success and a negative error code on
+ * failure.
+ */
+int ubifs_dirty_idx_node(struct ubifs_info *c, union ubifs_key *key, int level,
+			 int lnum, int offs)
+{
+	struct ubifs_znode *znode;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&c->tnc_mutex);
+	znode = lookup_znode(c, key, level, lnum, offs);
+	if (!znode)
+		goto out_unlock;
+	if (IS_ERR(znode)) {
+		err = PTR_ERR(znode);
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+	znode = dirty_cow_bottom_up(c, znode);
+	if (IS_ERR(znode)) {
+		err = PTR_ERR(znode);
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+
+out_unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&c->tnc_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * dbg_check_inode_size - check if inode size is correct.
+ * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
+ * @inum: inode number
+ * @size: inode size
+ *
+ * This function makes sure that the inode size (@size) is correct and it does
+ * not have any pages beyond @size. Returns zero if the inode is OK, %-EINVAL
+ * if it has a data page beyond @size, and other negative error code in case of
+ * other errors.
+ */
+int dbg_check_inode_size(struct ubifs_info *c, const struct inode *inode,
+			 loff_t size)
+{
+	int err, n;
+	union ubifs_key from_key, to_key, *key;
+	struct ubifs_znode *znode;
+	unsigned int block;
+
+	if (!S_ISREG(inode->i_mode))
+		return 0;
+	if (!dbg_is_chk_gen(c))
+		return 0;
+
+	block = (size + UBIFS_BLOCK_SIZE - 1) >> UBIFS_BLOCK_SHIFT;
+	data_key_init(c, &from_key, inode->i_ino, block);
+	highest_data_key(c, &to_key, inode->i_ino);
+
+	mutex_lock(&c->tnc_mutex);
+	err = ubifs_lookup_level0(c, &from_key, &znode, &n);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto out_unlock;
+
+	if (err) {
+		err = -EINVAL;
+		key = &from_key;
+		goto out_dump;
+	}
+
+	err = tnc_next(c, &znode, &n);
+	if (err == -ENOENT) {
+		err = 0;
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto out_unlock;
+
+	ubifs_assert(err == 0);
+	key = &znode->zbranch[n].key;
+	if (!key_in_range(c, key, &from_key, &to_key))
+		goto out_unlock;
+
+out_dump:
+	block = key_block(c, key);
+	ubifs_err("inode %lu has size %lld, but there are data at offset %lld",
+		  (unsigned long)inode->i_ino, size,
+		  ((loff_t)block) << UBIFS_BLOCK_SHIFT);
+	mutex_unlock(&c->tnc_mutex);
+	ubifs_dump_inode(c, inode);
+	dump_stack();
+	return -EINVAL;
+
+out_unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&c->tnc_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/tnc_misc.c b/fs/ubifs/tnc_misc.c
index 955219fa01..81bdad9203 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/tnc_misc.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/tnc_misc.c
@@ -3,18 +3,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Nokia Corporation.
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
- * more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
- * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
- * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
  *
  * Authors: Adrian Hunter
  *          Artem Bityutskiy (Битюцкий Артём)
@@ -27,6 +16,10 @@
  * putting it all in one file would make that file too big and unreadable.
  */
 
+#define __UBOOT__
+#ifdef __UBOOT__
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#endif
 #include "ubifs.h"
 
 /**
@@ -219,6 +212,44 @@ struct ubifs_znode *ubifs_tnc_postorder_next(struct ubifs_znode *znode)
 }
 
 /**
+ * ubifs_destroy_tnc_subtree - destroy all znodes connected to a subtree.
+ * @znode: znode defining subtree to destroy
+ *
+ * This function destroys subtree of the TNC tree. Returns number of clean
+ * znodes in the subtree.
+ */
+long ubifs_destroy_tnc_subtree(struct ubifs_znode *znode)
+{
+	struct ubifs_znode *zn = ubifs_tnc_postorder_first(znode);
+	long clean_freed = 0;
+	int n;
+
+	ubifs_assert(zn);
+	while (1) {
+		for (n = 0; n < zn->child_cnt; n++) {
+			if (!zn->zbranch[n].znode)
+				continue;
+
+			if (zn->level > 0 &&
+			    !ubifs_zn_dirty(zn->zbranch[n].znode))
+				clean_freed += 1;
+
+			cond_resched();
+			kfree(zn->zbranch[n].znode);
+		}
+
+		if (zn == znode) {
+			if (!ubifs_zn_dirty(zn))
+				clean_freed += 1;
+			kfree(zn);
+			return clean_freed;
+		}
+
+		zn = ubifs_tnc_postorder_next(zn);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
  * read_znode - read an indexing node from flash and fill znode.
  * @c: UBIFS file-system description object
  * @lnum: LEB of the indexing node to read
@@ -255,10 +286,10 @@ static int read_znode(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs, int len,
 		lnum, offs, znode->level, znode->child_cnt);
 
 	if (znode->child_cnt > c->fanout || znode->level > UBIFS_MAX_LEVELS) {
-		dbg_err("current fanout %d, branch count %d",
-			c->fanout, znode->child_cnt);
-		dbg_err("max levels %d, znode level %d",
-			UBIFS_MAX_LEVELS, znode->level);
+		ubifs_err("current fanout %d, branch count %d",
+			  c->fanout, znode->child_cnt);
+		ubifs_err("max levels %d, znode level %d",
+			  UBIFS_MAX_LEVELS, znode->level);
 		err = 1;
 		goto out_dump;
 	}
@@ -278,7 +309,7 @@ static int read_znode(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs, int len,
 		if (zbr->lnum < c->main_first ||
 		    zbr->lnum >= c->leb_cnt || zbr->offs < 0 ||
 		    zbr->offs + zbr->len > c->leb_size || zbr->offs & 7) {
-			dbg_err("bad branch %d", i);
+			ubifs_err("bad branch %d", i);
 			err = 2;
 			goto out_dump;
 		}
@@ -290,8 +321,8 @@ static int read_znode(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs, int len,
 		case UBIFS_XENT_KEY:
 			break;
 		default:
-			dbg_msg("bad key type at slot %d: %s", i,
-				DBGKEY(&zbr->key));
+			ubifs_err("bad key type at slot %d: %d",
+				  i, key_type(c, &zbr->key));
 			err = 3;
 			goto out_dump;
 		}
@@ -302,19 +333,19 @@ static int read_znode(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs, int len,
 		type = key_type(c, &zbr->key);
 		if (c->ranges[type].max_len == 0) {
 			if (zbr->len != c->ranges[type].len) {
-				dbg_err("bad target node (type %d) length (%d)",
-					type, zbr->len);
-				dbg_err("have to be %d", c->ranges[type].len);
+				ubifs_err("bad target node (type %d) length (%d)",
+					  type, zbr->len);
+				ubifs_err("have to be %d", c->ranges[type].len);
 				err = 4;
 				goto out_dump;
 			}
 		} else if (zbr->len < c->ranges[type].min_len ||
 			   zbr->len > c->ranges[type].max_len) {
-			dbg_err("bad target node (type %d) length (%d)",
-				type, zbr->len);
-			dbg_err("have to be in range of %d-%d",
-				c->ranges[type].min_len,
-				c->ranges[type].max_len);
+			ubifs_err("bad target node (type %d) length (%d)",
+				  type, zbr->len);
+			ubifs_err("have to be in range of %d-%d",
+				  c->ranges[type].min_len,
+				  c->ranges[type].max_len);
 			err = 5;
 			goto out_dump;
 		}
@@ -332,13 +363,13 @@ static int read_znode(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs, int len,
 
 		cmp = keys_cmp(c, key1, key2);
 		if (cmp > 0) {
-			dbg_err("bad key order (keys %d and %d)", i, i + 1);
+			ubifs_err("bad key order (keys %d and %d)", i, i + 1);
 			err = 6;
 			goto out_dump;
 		} else if (cmp == 0 && !is_hash_key(c, key1)) {
 			/* These can only be keys with colliding hash */
-			dbg_err("keys %d and %d are not hashed but equivalent",
-				i, i + 1);
+			ubifs_err("keys %d and %d are not hashed but equivalent",
+				  i, i + 1);
 			err = 7;
 			goto out_dump;
 		}
@@ -349,7 +380,7 @@ static int read_znode(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int offs, int len,
 
 out_dump:
 	ubifs_err("bad indexing node at LEB %d:%d, error %d", lnum, offs, err);
-	dbg_dump_node(c, idx);
+	ubifs_dump_node(c, idx);
 	kfree(idx);
 	return -EINVAL;
 }
@@ -385,6 +416,16 @@ struct ubifs_znode *ubifs_load_znode(struct ubifs_info *c,
 	if (err)
 		goto out;
 
+	atomic_long_inc(&c->clean_zn_cnt);
+
+	/*
+	 * Increment the global clean znode counter as well. It is OK that
+	 * global and per-FS clean znode counters may be inconsistent for some
+	 * short time (because we might be preempted at this point), the global
+	 * one is only used in shrinker.
+	 */
+	atomic_long_inc(&ubifs_clean_zn_cnt);
+
 	zbr->znode = znode;
 	znode->parent = parent;
 	znode->time = get_seconds();
@@ -412,11 +453,22 @@ int ubifs_tnc_read_node(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_zbranch *zbr,
 {
 	union ubifs_key key1, *key = &zbr->key;
 	int err, type = key_type(c, key);
+	struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf;
 
-	err = ubifs_read_node(c, node, type, zbr->len, zbr->lnum, zbr->offs);
+	/*
+	 * 'zbr' has to point to on-flash node. The node may sit in a bud and
+	 * may even be in a write buffer, so we have to take care about this.
+	 */
+	wbuf = ubifs_get_wbuf(c, zbr->lnum);
+	if (wbuf)
+		err = ubifs_read_node_wbuf(wbuf, node, type, zbr->len,
+					   zbr->lnum, zbr->offs);
+	else
+		err = ubifs_read_node(c, node, type, zbr->len, zbr->lnum,
+				      zbr->offs);
 
 	if (err) {
-		dbg_tnc("key %s", DBGKEY(key));
+		dbg_tnck(key, "key ");
 		return err;
 	}
 
@@ -425,9 +477,9 @@ int ubifs_tnc_read_node(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_zbranch *zbr,
 	if (!keys_eq(c, key, &key1)) {
 		ubifs_err("bad key in node at LEB %d:%d",
 			  zbr->lnum, zbr->offs);
-		dbg_tnc("looked for key %s found node's key %s",
-			DBGKEY(key), DBGKEY1(&key1));
-		dbg_dump_node(c, node);
+		dbg_tnck(key, "looked for key ");
+		dbg_tnck(&key1, "but found node's key ");
+		ubifs_dump_node(c, node);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/ubifs-media.h b/fs/ubifs/ubifs-media.h
index 3eee07e0c4..90b8ffacfb 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/ubifs-media.h
+++ b/fs/ubifs/ubifs-media.h
@@ -3,18 +3,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Nokia Corporation.
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
- * more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
- * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
- * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
  *
  * Authors: Artem Bityutskiy (Битюцкий Артём)
  *          Adrian Hunter
@@ -135,6 +124,13 @@
 /* The key is always at the same position in all keyed nodes */
 #define UBIFS_KEY_OFFSET offsetof(struct ubifs_ino_node, key)
 
+/* Garbage collector journal head number */
+#define UBIFS_GC_HEAD   0
+/* Base journal head number */
+#define UBIFS_BASE_HEAD 1
+/* Data journal head number */
+#define UBIFS_DATA_HEAD 2
+
 /*
  * LEB Properties Tree node types.
  *
@@ -401,9 +397,11 @@ enum {
  * Superblock flags.
  *
  * UBIFS_FLG_BIGLPT: if "big" LPT model is used if set
+ * UBIFS_FLG_SPACE_FIXUP: first-mount "fixup" of free space within LEBs needed
  */
 enum {
 	UBIFS_FLG_BIGLPT = 0x02,
+	UBIFS_FLG_SPACE_FIXUP = 0x04,
 };
 
 /**
@@ -427,7 +425,7 @@ struct ubifs_ch {
 	__u8 node_type;
 	__u8 group_type;
 	__u8 padding[2];
-} __attribute__ ((packed));
+} __packed;
 
 /**
  * union ubifs_dev_desc - device node descriptor.
@@ -441,7 +439,7 @@ struct ubifs_ch {
 union ubifs_dev_desc {
 	__le32 new;
 	__le64 huge;
-} __attribute__ ((packed));
+} __packed;
 
 /**
  * struct ubifs_ino_node - inode node.
@@ -502,7 +500,7 @@ struct ubifs_ino_node {
 	__le16 compr_type;
 	__u8 padding2[26]; /* Watch 'zero_ino_node_unused()' if changing! */
 	__u8 data[];
-} __attribute__ ((packed));
+} __packed;
 
 /**
  * struct ubifs_dent_node - directory entry node.
@@ -526,8 +524,12 @@ struct ubifs_dent_node {
 	__u8 type;
 	__le16 nlen;
 	__u8 padding2[4]; /* Watch 'zero_dent_node_unused()' if changing! */
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
 	__u8 name[];
-} __attribute__ ((packed));
+#else
+	char name[];
+#endif
+} __packed;
 
 /**
  * struct ubifs_data_node - data node.
@@ -548,7 +550,7 @@ struct ubifs_data_node {
 	__le16 compr_type;
 	__u8 padding[2]; /* Watch 'zero_data_node_unused()' if changing! */
 	__u8 data[];
-} __attribute__ ((packed));
+} __packed;
 
 /**
  * struct ubifs_trun_node - truncation node.
@@ -568,7 +570,7 @@ struct ubifs_trun_node {
 	__u8 padding[12]; /* Watch 'zero_trun_node_unused()' if changing! */
 	__le64 old_size;
 	__le64 new_size;
-} __attribute__ ((packed));
+} __packed;
 
 /**
  * struct ubifs_pad_node - padding node.
@@ -579,7 +581,7 @@ struct ubifs_trun_node {
 struct ubifs_pad_node {
 	struct ubifs_ch ch;
 	__le32 pad_len;
-} __attribute__ ((packed));
+} __packed;
 
 /**
  * struct ubifs_sb_node - superblock node.
@@ -637,7 +639,7 @@ struct ubifs_sb_node {
 	__u8 uuid[16];
 	__le32 ro_compat_version;
 	__u8 padding2[3968];
-} __attribute__ ((packed));
+} __packed;
 
 /**
  * struct ubifs_mst_node - master node.
@@ -704,7 +706,7 @@ struct ubifs_mst_node {
 	__le32 idx_lebs;
 	__le32 leb_cnt;
 	__u8 padding[344];
-} __attribute__ ((packed));
+} __packed;
 
 /**
  * struct ubifs_ref_node - logical eraseblock reference node.
@@ -720,7 +722,7 @@ struct ubifs_ref_node {
 	__le32 offs;
 	__le32 jhead;
 	__u8 padding[28];
-} __attribute__ ((packed));
+} __packed;
 
 /**
  * struct ubifs_branch - key/reference/length branch
@@ -733,8 +735,12 @@ struct ubifs_branch {
 	__le32 lnum;
 	__le32 offs;
 	__le32 len;
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
 	__u8 key[];
-} __attribute__ ((packed));
+#else
+	char key[];
+#endif
+} __packed;
 
 /**
  * struct ubifs_idx_node - indexing node.
@@ -747,8 +753,12 @@ struct ubifs_idx_node {
 	struct ubifs_ch ch;
 	__le16 child_cnt;
 	__le16 level;
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
 	__u8 branches[];
-} __attribute__ ((packed));
+#else
+	char branches[];
+#endif
+} __packed;
 
 /**
  * struct ubifs_cs_node - commit start node.
@@ -758,7 +768,7 @@ struct ubifs_idx_node {
 struct ubifs_cs_node {
 	struct ubifs_ch ch;
 	__le64 cmt_no;
-} __attribute__ ((packed));
+} __packed;
 
 /**
  * struct ubifs_orph_node - orphan node.
@@ -770,6 +780,6 @@ struct ubifs_orph_node {
 	struct ubifs_ch ch;
 	__le64 cmt_no;
 	__le64 inos[];
-} __attribute__ ((packed));
+} __packed;
 
 #endif /* __UBIFS_MEDIA_H__ */
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/ubifs.c b/fs/ubifs/ubifs.c
index 273c0a9638..b91a6fd26f 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/ubifs.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/ubifs.c
@@ -26,6 +26,10 @@
 #include "ubifs.h"
 #include <u-boot/zlib.h>
 
+#define __UBOOT__
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/lzo.h>
+
 DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR;
 
 /* compress.c */
@@ -44,20 +48,27 @@ static int gzip_decompress(const unsigned char *in, size_t in_len,
 /* Fake description object for the "none" compressor */
 static struct ubifs_compressor none_compr = {
 	.compr_type = UBIFS_COMPR_NONE,
-	.name = "no compression",
+	.name = "none",
 	.capi_name = "",
 	.decompress = NULL,
 };
 
 static struct ubifs_compressor lzo_compr = {
 	.compr_type = UBIFS_COMPR_LZO,
-	.name = "LZO",
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	.comp_mutex = &lzo_mutex,
+#endif
+	.name = "lzo",
 	.capi_name = "lzo",
 	.decompress = lzo1x_decompress_safe,
 };
 
 static struct ubifs_compressor zlib_compr = {
 	.compr_type = UBIFS_COMPR_ZLIB,
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	.comp_mutex = &deflate_mutex,
+	.decomp_mutex = &inflate_mutex,
+#endif
 	.name = "zlib",
 	.capi_name = "deflate",
 	.decompress = gzip_decompress,
@@ -66,6 +77,82 @@ static struct ubifs_compressor zlib_compr = {
 /* All UBIFS compressors */
 struct ubifs_compressor *ubifs_compressors[UBIFS_COMPR_TYPES_CNT];
 
+
+#ifdef __UBOOT__
+/* from mm/util.c */
+
+/**
+ * kmemdup - duplicate region of memory
+ *
+ * @src: memory region to duplicate
+ * @len: memory region length
+ * @gfp: GFP mask to use
+ */
+void *kmemdup(const void *src, size_t len, gfp_t gfp)
+{
+	void *p;
+
+	p = kmalloc(len, gfp);
+	if (p)
+		memcpy(p, src, len);
+	return p;
+}
+
+struct crypto_comp {
+	int compressor;
+};
+
+static inline struct crypto_comp *crypto_alloc_comp(const char *alg_name,
+						u32 type, u32 mask)
+{
+	struct ubifs_compressor *comp;
+	struct crypto_comp *ptr;
+	int i = 0;
+
+	ptr = malloc(sizeof(struct crypto_comp));
+	while (i < UBIFS_COMPR_TYPES_CNT) {
+		comp = ubifs_compressors[i];
+		if (!comp) {
+			i++;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (strncmp(alg_name, comp->capi_name, strlen(alg_name)) == 0) {
+			ptr->compressor = i;
+			return ptr;
+		}
+		i++;
+	}
+	if (i >= UBIFS_COMPR_TYPES_CNT) {
+		ubifs_err("invalid compression type %s", alg_name);
+		free (ptr);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	return ptr;
+}
+static inline int crypto_comp_decompress(struct crypto_comp *tfm,
+				const u8 *src, unsigned int slen,
+				u8 *dst, unsigned int *dlen)
+{
+	struct ubifs_compressor *compr = ubifs_compressors[tfm->compressor];
+	int err;
+
+	if (compr->compr_type == UBIFS_COMPR_NONE) {
+		memcpy(dst, src, slen);
+		*dlen = slen;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	err = compr->decompress(src, slen, dst, (size_t *)dlen);
+	if (err)
+		ubifs_err("cannot decompress %d bytes, compressor %s, "
+			  "error %d", slen, compr->name, err);
+
+	return err;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
 /**
  * ubifs_decompress - decompress data.
  * @in_buf: data to decompress
@@ -102,10 +189,15 @@ int ubifs_decompress(const void *in_buf, int in_len, void *out_buf,
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	err = compr->decompress(in_buf, in_len, out_buf, (size_t *)out_len);
+	if (compr->decomp_mutex)
+		mutex_lock(compr->decomp_mutex);
+	err = crypto_comp_decompress(compr->cc, in_buf, in_len, out_buf,
+				     (unsigned int *)out_len);
+	if (compr->decomp_mutex)
+		mutex_unlock(compr->decomp_mutex);
 	if (err)
-		ubifs_err("cannot decompress %d bytes, compressor %s, "
-			  "error %d", in_len, compr->name, err);
+		ubifs_err("cannot decompress %d bytes, compressor %s, error %d",
+			  in_len, compr->name, err);
 
 	return err;
 }
@@ -127,6 +219,15 @@ static int __init compr_init(struct ubifs_compressor *compr)
 	ubifs_compressors[compr->compr_type]->decompress += gd->reloc_off;
 #endif
 
+	if (compr->capi_name) {
+		compr->cc = crypto_alloc_comp(compr->capi_name, 0, 0);
+		if (IS_ERR(compr->cc)) {
+			ubifs_err("cannot initialize compressor %s, error %ld",
+				  compr->name, PTR_ERR(compr->cc));
+			return PTR_ERR(compr->cc);
+		}
+	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -188,7 +289,9 @@ static int filldir(struct ubifs_info *c, const char *name, int namlen,
 	}
 	ctime_r((time_t *)&inode->i_mtime, filetime);
 	printf("%9lld  %24.24s  ", inode->i_size, filetime);
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
 	ubifs_iput(inode);
+#endif
 
 	printf("%s\n", name);
 
@@ -562,7 +665,7 @@ static int read_block(struct inode *inode, void *addr, unsigned int block,
 dump:
 	ubifs_err("bad data node (block %u, inode %lu)",
 		  block, inode->i_ino);
-	dbg_dump_node(c, dn);
+	ubifs_dump_node(c, dn);
 	return -EINVAL;
 }
 
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/ubifs.h b/fs/ubifs/ubifs.h
index 2213201572..acc6a404dd 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/ubifs.h
+++ b/fs/ubifs/ubifs.h
@@ -6,18 +6,7 @@
  * (C) Copyright 2008-2009
  * Stefan Roese, DENX Software Engineering, sr@denx.de.
  *
- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation.
- *
- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
- * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
- * more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
- * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
- * Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier:	GPL-2.0+
  *
  * Authors: Artem Bityutskiy (Битюцкий Артём)
  *          Adrian Hunter
@@ -26,12 +15,25 @@
 #ifndef __UBIFS_H__
 #define __UBIFS_H__
 
-#if 0	/* Enable for debugging output */
-#define CONFIG_UBIFS_FS_DEBUG
-#define CONFIG_UBIFS_FS_DEBUG_MSG_LVL	3
-#endif
-
+#define __UBOOT__
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+#include <asm/div64.h>
+#include <linux/statfs.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
+#include <linux/spinlock.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+#include <linux/rwsem.h>
+#include <linux/mtd/ubi.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/backing-dev.h>
+#include "ubifs-media.h"
+#else
 #include <ubi_uboot.h>
+
 #include <linux/ctype.h>
 #include <linux/time.h>
 #include <linux/math64.h>
@@ -70,13 +72,26 @@ void iput(struct inode *inode);
 #define atomic_long_dec(a)
 #define	atomic_long_sub(a, b)
 
+typedef unsigned long atomic_long_t;
+
 /* linux/include/time.h */
+#define NSEC_PER_SEC	1000000000L
+#define get_seconds()	0
+#define CURRENT_TIME_SEC	((struct timespec) { get_seconds(), 0 })
 
 struct timespec {
 	time_t	tv_sec;		/* seconds */
 	long	tv_nsec;	/* nanoseconds */
 };
 
+static struct timespec current_fs_time(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+	struct timespec now;
+	now.tv_sec = 0;
+	now.tv_nsec = 0;
+	return now;
+};
+
 /* linux/include/dcache.h */
 
 /*
@@ -89,111 +104,245 @@ struct timespec {
 struct qstr {
 	unsigned int hash;
 	unsigned int len;
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
 	const char *name;
+#else
+	char *name;
+#endif
+};
+
+/* include/linux/fs.h */
+
+/* Possible states of 'frozen' field */
+enum {
+	SB_UNFROZEN = 0,		/* FS is unfrozen */
+	SB_FREEZE_WRITE	= 1,		/* Writes, dir ops, ioctls frozen */
+	SB_FREEZE_PAGEFAULT = 2,	/* Page faults stopped as well */
+	SB_FREEZE_FS = 3,		/* For internal FS use (e.g. to stop
+					 * internal threads if needed) */
+	SB_FREEZE_COMPLETE = 4,		/* ->freeze_fs finished successfully */
 };
 
+#define SB_FREEZE_LEVELS (SB_FREEZE_COMPLETE - 1)
+
+struct sb_writers {
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	/* Counters for counting writers at each level */
+	struct percpu_counter	counter[SB_FREEZE_LEVELS];
+#endif
+	wait_queue_head_t	wait;		/* queue for waiting for
+						   writers / faults to finish */
+	int			frozen;		/* Is sb frozen? */
+	wait_queue_head_t	wait_unfrozen;	/* queue for waiting for
+						   sb to be thawed */
+#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
+	struct lockdep_map	lock_map[SB_FREEZE_LEVELS];
+#endif
+};
+
+struct address_space {
+	struct inode		*host;		/* owner: inode, block_device */
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	struct radix_tree_root	page_tree;	/* radix tree of all pages */
+#endif
+	spinlock_t		tree_lock;	/* and lock protecting it */
+	unsigned int		i_mmap_writable;/* count VM_SHARED mappings */
+	struct rb_root		i_mmap;		/* tree of private and shared mappings */
+	struct list_head	i_mmap_nonlinear;/*list VM_NONLINEAR mappings */
+	struct mutex		i_mmap_mutex;	/* protect tree, count, list */
+	/* Protected by tree_lock together with the radix tree */
+	unsigned long		nrpages;	/* number of total pages */
+	pgoff_t			writeback_index;/* writeback starts here */
+	const struct address_space_operations *a_ops;	/* methods */
+	unsigned long		flags;		/* error bits/gfp mask */
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	struct backing_dev_info *backing_dev_info; /* device readahead, etc */
+#endif
+	spinlock_t		private_lock;	/* for use by the address_space */
+	struct list_head	private_list;	/* ditto */
+	void			*private_data;	/* ditto */
+} __attribute__((aligned(sizeof(long))));
+
+/*
+ * Keep mostly read-only and often accessed (especially for
+ * the RCU path lookup and 'stat' data) fields at the beginning
+ * of the 'struct inode'
+ */
 struct inode {
-	struct hlist_node	i_hash;
-	struct list_head	i_list;
-	struct list_head	i_sb_list;
-	struct list_head	i_dentry;
+	umode_t			i_mode;
+	unsigned short		i_opflags;
+	kuid_t			i_uid;
+	kgid_t			i_gid;
+	unsigned int		i_flags;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_FS_POSIX_ACL
+	struct posix_acl	*i_acl;
+	struct posix_acl	*i_default_acl;
+#endif
+
+	const struct inode_operations	*i_op;
+	struct super_block	*i_sb;
+	struct address_space	*i_mapping;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY
+	void			*i_security;
+#endif
+
+	/* Stat data, not accessed from path walking */
 	unsigned long		i_ino;
-	unsigned int		i_nlink;
-	uid_t			i_uid;
-	gid_t			i_gid;
+	/*
+	 * Filesystems may only read i_nlink directly.  They shall use the
+	 * following functions for modification:
+	 *
+	 *    (set|clear|inc|drop)_nlink
+	 *    inode_(inc|dec)_link_count
+	 */
+	union {
+		const unsigned int i_nlink;
+		unsigned int __i_nlink;
+	};
 	dev_t			i_rdev;
-	u64			i_version;
 	loff_t			i_size;
-#ifdef __NEED_I_SIZE_ORDERED
-	seqcount_t		i_size_seqcount;
-#endif
 	struct timespec		i_atime;
 	struct timespec		i_mtime;
 	struct timespec		i_ctime;
-	unsigned int		i_blkbits;
-	unsigned short          i_bytes;
-	umode_t			i_mode;
 	spinlock_t		i_lock;	/* i_blocks, i_bytes, maybe i_size */
+	unsigned short          i_bytes;
+	unsigned int		i_blkbits;
+	blkcnt_t		i_blocks;
+
+#ifdef __NEED_I_SIZE_ORDERED
+	seqcount_t		i_size_seqcount;
+#endif
+
+	/* Misc */
+	unsigned long		i_state;
 	struct mutex		i_mutex;
-	struct rw_semaphore	i_alloc_sem;
-	const struct inode_operations	*i_op;
+
+	unsigned long		dirtied_when;	/* jiffies of first dirtying */
+
+	struct hlist_node	i_hash;
+	struct list_head	i_wb_list;	/* backing dev IO list */
+	struct list_head	i_lru;		/* inode LRU list */
+	struct list_head	i_sb_list;
+	union {
+		struct hlist_head	i_dentry;
+		struct rcu_head		i_rcu;
+	};
+	u64			i_version;
+	atomic_t		i_count;
+	atomic_t		i_dio_count;
+	atomic_t		i_writecount;
 	const struct file_operations	*i_fop;	/* former ->i_op->default_file_ops */
-	struct super_block	*i_sb;
 	struct file_lock	*i_flock;
+	struct address_space	i_data;
 #ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
 	struct dquot		*i_dquot[MAXQUOTAS];
 #endif
 	struct list_head	i_devices;
-	int			i_cindex;
+	union {
+		struct pipe_inode_info	*i_pipe;
+		struct block_device	*i_bdev;
+		struct cdev		*i_cdev;
+	};
 
 	__u32			i_generation;
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_DNOTIFY
-	unsigned long		i_dnotify_mask; /* Directory notify events */
-	struct dnotify_struct	*i_dnotify; /* for directory notifications */
+#ifdef CONFIG_FSNOTIFY
+	__u32			i_fsnotify_mask; /* all events this inode cares about */
+	struct hlist_head	i_fsnotify_marks;
 #endif
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_INOTIFY
-	struct list_head	inotify_watches; /* watches on this inode */
-	struct mutex		inotify_mutex;	/* protects the watches list */
+#ifdef CONFIG_IMA
+	atomic_t		i_readcount; /* struct files open RO */
 #endif
+	void			*i_private; /* fs or device private pointer */
+};
 
-	unsigned long		i_state;
-	unsigned long		dirtied_when;	/* jiffies of first dirtying */
-
-	unsigned int		i_flags;
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY
-	void			*i_security;
+struct super_operations {
+   	struct inode *(*alloc_inode)(struct super_block *sb);
+	void (*destroy_inode)(struct inode *);
+
+   	void (*dirty_inode) (struct inode *, int flags);
+	int (*write_inode) (struct inode *, struct writeback_control *wbc);
+	int (*drop_inode) (struct inode *);
+	void (*evict_inode) (struct inode *);
+	void (*put_super) (struct super_block *);
+	int (*sync_fs)(struct super_block *sb, int wait);
+	int (*freeze_fs) (struct super_block *);
+	int (*unfreeze_fs) (struct super_block *);
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	int (*statfs) (struct dentry *, struct kstatfs *);
 #endif
-	void			*i_private; /* fs or device private pointer */
+	int (*remount_fs) (struct super_block *, int *, char *);
+	void (*umount_begin) (struct super_block *);
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	int (*show_options)(struct seq_file *, struct dentry *);
+	int (*show_devname)(struct seq_file *, struct dentry *);
+	int (*show_path)(struct seq_file *, struct dentry *);
+	int (*show_stats)(struct seq_file *, struct dentry *);
+#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+	ssize_t (*quota_read)(struct super_block *, int, char *, size_t, loff_t);
+	ssize_t (*quota_write)(struct super_block *, int, const char *, size_t, loff_t);
+#endif
+	int (*bdev_try_to_free_page)(struct super_block*, struct page*, gfp_t);
+	long (*nr_cached_objects)(struct super_block *, int);
+	long (*free_cached_objects)(struct super_block *, long, int);
 };
 
 struct super_block {
 	struct list_head	s_list;		/* Keep this first */
 	dev_t			s_dev;		/* search index; _not_ kdev_t */
-	unsigned long		s_blocksize;
 	unsigned char		s_blocksize_bits;
-	unsigned char		s_dirt;
-	unsigned long long	s_maxbytes;	/* Max file size */
+	unsigned long		s_blocksize;
+	loff_t			s_maxbytes;	/* Max file size */
 	struct file_system_type	*s_type;
 	const struct super_operations	*s_op;
-	struct dquot_operations	*dq_op;
-	struct quotactl_ops	*s_qcop;
+	const struct dquot_operations	*dq_op;
+	const struct quotactl_ops	*s_qcop;
 	const struct export_operations *s_export_op;
 	unsigned long		s_flags;
 	unsigned long		s_magic;
 	struct dentry		*s_root;
 	struct rw_semaphore	s_umount;
-	struct mutex		s_lock;
 	int			s_count;
-	int			s_syncing;
-	int			s_need_sync_fs;
+	atomic_t		s_active;
 #ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY
 	void                    *s_security;
 #endif
-	struct xattr_handler	**s_xattr;
+	const struct xattr_handler **s_xattr;
 
 	struct list_head	s_inodes;	/* all inodes */
-	struct list_head	s_dirty;	/* dirty inodes */
-	struct list_head	s_io;		/* parked for writeback */
-	struct list_head	s_more_io;	/* parked for more writeback */
-	struct hlist_head	s_anon;		/* anonymous dentries for (nfs) exporting */
-	struct list_head	s_files;
-	/* s_dentry_lru and s_nr_dentry_unused are protected by dcache_lock */
-	struct list_head	s_dentry_lru;	/* unused dentry lru */
-	int			s_nr_dentry_unused;	/* # of dentry on lru */
-
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	struct hlist_bl_head	s_anon;		/* anonymous dentries for (nfs) exporting */
+#endif
+	struct list_head	s_mounts;	/* list of mounts; _not_ for fs use */
 	struct block_device	*s_bdev;
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	struct backing_dev_info *s_bdi;
+#endif
 	struct mtd_info		*s_mtd;
-	struct list_head	s_instances;
+	struct hlist_node	s_instances;
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	struct quota_info	s_dquot;	/* Diskquota specific options */
+#endif
 
-	int			s_frozen;
-	wait_queue_head_t	s_wait_unfrozen;
+	struct sb_writers	s_writers;
 
 	char s_id[32];				/* Informational name */
+	u8 s_uuid[16];				/* UUID */
 
 	void 			*s_fs_info;	/* Filesystem private info */
+	unsigned int		s_max_links;
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	fmode_t			s_mode;
+#endif
+
+	/* Granularity of c/m/atime in ns.
+	   Cannot be worse than a second */
+	u32		   s_time_gran;
 
 	/*
 	 * The next field is for VFS *only*. No filesystems have any business
@@ -201,66 +350,83 @@ struct super_block {
 	 */
 	struct mutex s_vfs_rename_mutex;	/* Kludge */
 
-	/* Granularity of c/m/atime in ns.
-	   Cannot be worse than a second */
-	u32		   s_time_gran;
-
 	/*
 	 * Filesystem subtype.  If non-empty the filesystem type field
 	 * in /proc/mounts will be "type.subtype"
 	 */
 	char *s_subtype;
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
 	/*
 	 * Saved mount options for lazy filesystems using
 	 * generic_show_options()
 	 */
-	char *s_options;
+	char __rcu *s_options;
+#endif
+	const struct dentry_operations *s_d_op; /* default d_op for dentries */
+
+	/*
+	 * Saved pool identifier for cleancache (-1 means none)
+	 */
+	int cleancache_poolid;
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	struct shrinker s_shrink;	/* per-sb shrinker handle */
+#endif
+
+	/* Number of inodes with nlink == 0 but still referenced */
+	atomic_long_t s_remove_count;
+
+	/* Being remounted read-only */
+	int s_readonly_remount;
+
+	/* AIO completions deferred from interrupt context */
+	struct workqueue_struct *s_dio_done_wq;
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	/*
+	 * Keep the lru lists last in the structure so they always sit on their
+	 * own individual cachelines.
+	 */
+	struct list_lru		s_dentry_lru ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
+	struct list_lru		s_inode_lru ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
+#endif
+	struct rcu_head		rcu;
 };
 
 struct file_system_type {
 	const char *name;
 	int fs_flags;
-	int (*get_sb) (struct file_system_type *, int,
-		       const char *, void *, struct vfsmount *);
+#define FS_REQUIRES_DEV		1 
+#define FS_BINARY_MOUNTDATA	2
+#define FS_HAS_SUBTYPE		4
+#define FS_USERNS_MOUNT		8	/* Can be mounted by userns root */
+#define FS_USERNS_DEV_MOUNT	16 /* A userns mount does not imply MNT_NODEV */
+#define FS_RENAME_DOES_D_MOVE	32768	/* FS will handle d_move() during rename() internally. */
+	struct dentry *(*mount) (struct file_system_type *, int,
+		       const char *, void *);
 	void (*kill_sb) (struct super_block *);
 	struct module *owner;
 	struct file_system_type * next;
-	struct list_head fs_supers;
+	struct hlist_head fs_supers;
+
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	struct lock_class_key s_lock_key;
+	struct lock_class_key s_umount_key;
+	struct lock_class_key s_vfs_rename_key;
+	struct lock_class_key s_writers_key[SB_FREEZE_LEVELS];
+
+	struct lock_class_key i_lock_key;
+	struct lock_class_key i_mutex_key;
+	struct lock_class_key i_mutex_dir_key;
+#endif
 };
 
+/* include/linux/mount.h */
 struct vfsmount {
-	struct list_head mnt_hash;
-	struct vfsmount *mnt_parent;	/* fs we are mounted on */
-	struct dentry *mnt_mountpoint;	/* dentry of mountpoint */
 	struct dentry *mnt_root;	/* root of the mounted tree */
 	struct super_block *mnt_sb;	/* pointer to superblock */
-	struct list_head mnt_mounts;	/* list of children, anchored here */
-	struct list_head mnt_child;	/* and going through their mnt_child */
 	int mnt_flags;
-	/* 4 bytes hole on 64bits arches */
-	const char *mnt_devname;	/* Name of device e.g. /dev/dsk/hda1 */
-	struct list_head mnt_list;
-	struct list_head mnt_expire;	/* link in fs-specific expiry list */
-	struct list_head mnt_share;	/* circular list of shared mounts */
-	struct list_head mnt_slave_list;/* list of slave mounts */
-	struct list_head mnt_slave;	/* slave list entry */
-	struct vfsmount *mnt_master;	/* slave is on master->mnt_slave_list */
-	struct mnt_namespace *mnt_ns;	/* containing namespace */
-	int mnt_id;			/* mount identifier */
-	int mnt_group_id;		/* peer group identifier */
-	/*
-	 * We put mnt_count & mnt_expiry_mark at the end of struct vfsmount
-	 * to let these frequently modified fields in a separate cache line
-	 * (so that reads of mnt_flags wont ping-pong on SMP machines)
-	 */
-	int mnt_expiry_mark;		/* true if marked for expiry */
-	int mnt_pinned;
-	int mnt_ghosts;
-	/*
-	 * This value is not stable unless all of the mnt_writers[] spinlocks
-	 * are held, and all mnt_writer[]s on this mount have 0 as their ->count
-	 */
 };
 
 struct path {
@@ -451,32 +617,35 @@ static inline ino_t parent_ino(struct dentry *dentry)
 
 /* debug.c */
 
-#define DEFINE_SPINLOCK(...)
 #define module_param_named(...)
 
 /* misc.h */
 #define mutex_lock_nested(...)
 #define mutex_unlock_nested(...)
 #define mutex_is_locked(...)	0
+#endif
 
 /* Version of this UBIFS implementation */
 #define UBIFS_VERSION 1
 
 /* Normal UBIFS messages */
-#ifdef CONFIG_UBIFS_SILENCE_MSG
-#define ubifs_msg(fmt, ...)
-#else
-#define ubifs_msg(fmt, ...) \
-		printk(KERN_NOTICE "UBIFS: " fmt "\n", ##__VA_ARGS__)
-#endif
+#define ubifs_msg(fmt, ...) pr_notice("UBIFS: " fmt "\n", ##__VA_ARGS__)
 /* UBIFS error messages */
-#define ubifs_err(fmt, ...)                                                  \
-	printk(KERN_ERR "UBIFS error (pid %d): %s: " fmt "\n", 0, \
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+#define ubifs_err(fmt, ...)                                         \
+	pr_err("UBIFS error (pid %d): %s: " fmt "\n", current->pid, \
 	       __func__, ##__VA_ARGS__)
 /* UBIFS warning messages */
-#define ubifs_warn(fmt, ...)                                         \
-	printk(KERN_WARNING "UBIFS warning (pid %d): %s: " fmt "\n", \
-	       0, __func__, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+#define ubifs_warn(fmt, ...)                                        \
+	pr_warn("UBIFS warning (pid %d): %s: " fmt "\n",            \
+		current->pid, __func__, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+#else
+#define ubifs_err(fmt, ...)                                         \
+	pr_err("UBIFS error: %s: " fmt "\n", __func__, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+/* UBIFS warning messages */
+#define ubifs_warn(fmt, ...)                                        \
+	pr_warn("UBIFS warning: %s: " fmt "\n", __func__, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+#endif
 
 /* UBIFS file system VFS magic number */
 #define UBIFS_SUPER_MAGIC 0x24051905
@@ -509,9 +678,6 @@ static inline ino_t parent_ino(struct dentry *dentry)
 #define INUM_WARN_WATERMARK 0xFFF00000
 #define INUM_WATERMARK      0xFFFFFF00
 
-/* Largest key size supported in this implementation */
-#define CUR_MAX_KEY_LEN UBIFS_SK_LEN
-
 /* Maximum number of entries in each LPT (LEB category) heap */
 #define LPT_HEAP_SZ 256
 
@@ -521,8 +687,9 @@ static inline ino_t parent_ino(struct dentry *dentry)
  */
 #define BGT_NAME_PATTERN "ubifs_bgt%d_%d"
 
-/* Default write-buffer synchronization timeout (5 secs) */
-#define DEFAULT_WBUF_TIMEOUT (5 * HZ)
+/* Write-buffer synchronization timeout interval in seconds */
+#define WBUF_TIMEOUT_SOFTLIMIT 3
+#define WBUF_TIMEOUT_HARDLIMIT 5
 
 /* Maximum possible inode number (only 32-bit inodes are supported now) */
 #define MAX_INUM 0xFFFFFFFF
@@ -530,12 +697,10 @@ static inline ino_t parent_ino(struct dentry *dentry)
 /* Number of non-data journal heads */
 #define NONDATA_JHEADS_CNT 2
 
-/* Garbage collector head */
-#define GCHD   0
-/* Base journal head number */
-#define BASEHD 1
-/* First "general purpose" journal head */
-#define DATAHD 2
+/* Shorter names for journal head numbers for internal usage */
+#define GCHD   UBIFS_GC_HEAD
+#define BASEHD UBIFS_BASE_HEAD
+#define DATAHD UBIFS_DATA_HEAD
 
 /* 'No change' value for 'ubifs_change_lp()' */
 #define LPROPS_NC 0x80000001
@@ -545,8 +710,12 @@ static inline ino_t parent_ino(struct dentry *dentry)
  * in TNC. However, when replaying, it is handy to introduce fake "truncation"
  * keys for truncation nodes because the code becomes simpler. So we define
  * %UBIFS_TRUN_KEY type.
+ *
+ * But otherwise, out of the journal reply scope, the truncation keys are
+ * invalid.
  */
-#define UBIFS_TRUN_KEY UBIFS_KEY_TYPES_CNT
+#define UBIFS_TRUN_KEY    UBIFS_KEY_TYPES_CNT
+#define UBIFS_INVALID_KEY UBIFS_KEY_TYPES_CNT
 
 /*
  * How much a directory entry/extended attribute entry adds to the parent/host
@@ -573,6 +742,12 @@ static inline ino_t parent_ino(struct dentry *dentry)
  */
 #define WORST_COMPR_FACTOR 2
 
+/*
+ * How much memory is needed for a buffer where we comress a data node.
+ */
+#define COMPRESSED_DATA_NODE_BUF_SZ \
+	(UBIFS_DATA_NODE_SZ + UBIFS_BLOCK_SIZE * WORST_COMPR_FACTOR)
+
 /* Maximum expected tree height for use by bottom_up_buf */
 #define BOTTOM_UP_HEIGHT 64
 
@@ -646,14 +821,14 @@ enum {
  * LPT cnode flag bits.
  *
  * DIRTY_CNODE: cnode is dirty
- * COW_CNODE: cnode is being committed and must be copied before writing
  * OBSOLETE_CNODE: cnode is being committed and has been copied (or deleted),
- * so it can (and must) be freed when the commit is finished
+ *                 so it can (and must) be freed when the commit is finished
+ * COW_CNODE: cnode is being committed and must be copied before writing
  */
 enum {
 	DIRTY_CNODE    = 0,
-	COW_CNODE      = 1,
-	OBSOLETE_CNODE = 2,
+	OBSOLETE_CNODE = 1,
+	COW_CNODE      = 2,
 };
 
 /*
@@ -693,10 +868,10 @@ struct ubifs_old_idx {
 
 /* The below union makes it easier to deal with keys */
 union ubifs_key {
-	uint8_t u8[CUR_MAX_KEY_LEN];
-	uint32_t u32[CUR_MAX_KEY_LEN/4];
-	uint64_t u64[CUR_MAX_KEY_LEN/8];
-	__le32 j32[CUR_MAX_KEY_LEN/4];
+	uint8_t u8[UBIFS_SK_LEN];
+	uint32_t u32[UBIFS_SK_LEN/4];
+	uint64_t u64[UBIFS_SK_LEN/8];
+	__le32 j32[UBIFS_SK_LEN/4];
 };
 
 /**
@@ -805,9 +980,9 @@ struct ubifs_gced_idx_leb {
  * The @ui_size is a "shadow" variable for @inode->i_size and UBIFS uses
  * @ui_size instead of @inode->i_size. The reason for this is that UBIFS cannot
  * make sure @inode->i_size is always changed under @ui_mutex, because it
- * cannot call 'vmtruncate()' with @ui_mutex locked, because it would deadlock
- * with 'ubifs_writepage()' (see file.c). All the other inode fields are
- * changed under @ui_mutex, so they do not need "shadow" fields. Note, one
+ * cannot call 'truncate_setsize()' with @ui_mutex locked, because it would
+ * deadlock with 'ubifs_writepage()' (see file.c). All the other inode fields
+ * are changed under @ui_mutex, so they do not need "shadow" fields. Note, one
  * could consider to rework locking and base it on "shadow" fields.
  */
 struct ubifs_inode {
@@ -1068,17 +1243,19 @@ typedef int (*ubifs_lpt_scan_callback)(struct ubifs_info *c,
  * @offs: write-buffer offset in this logical eraseblock
  * @avail: number of bytes available in the write-buffer
  * @used:  number of used bytes in the write-buffer
- * @dtype: type of data stored in this LEB (%UBI_LONGTERM, %UBI_SHORTTERM,
- * %UBI_UNKNOWN)
+ * @size: write-buffer size (in [@c->min_io_size, @c->max_write_size] range)
  * @jhead: journal head the mutex belongs to (note, needed only to shut lockdep
  *         up by 'mutex_lock_nested()).
  * @sync_callback: write-buffer synchronization callback
  * @io_mutex: serializes write-buffer I/O
  * @lock: serializes @buf, @lnum, @offs, @avail, @used, @next_ino and @inodes
  *        fields
+ * @softlimit: soft write-buffer timeout interval
+ * @delta: hard and soft timeouts delta (the timer expire inteval is @softlimit
+ *         and @softlimit + @delta)
  * @timer: write-buffer timer
- * @timeout: timer expire interval in jiffies
- * @need_sync: it is set if its timer expired and needs sync
+ * @no_timer: non-zero if this write-buffer does not have a timer
+ * @need_sync: non-zero if the timer expired and the wbuf needs sync'ing
  * @next_ino: points to the next position of the following inode number
  * @inodes: stores the inode numbers of the nodes which are in wbuf
  *
@@ -1099,13 +1276,16 @@ struct ubifs_wbuf {
 	int offs;
 	int avail;
 	int used;
-	int dtype;
+	int size;
 	int jhead;
 	int (*sync_callback)(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, int free, int pad);
 	struct mutex io_mutex;
 	spinlock_t lock;
-	int timeout;
-	int need_sync;
+//	ktime_t softlimit;
+//	unsigned long long delta;
+//	struct hrtimer timer;
+	unsigned int no_timer:1;
+	unsigned int need_sync:1;
 	int next_ino;
 	ino_t *inodes;
 };
@@ -1130,12 +1310,14 @@ struct ubifs_bud {
  * struct ubifs_jhead - journal head.
  * @wbuf: head's write-buffer
  * @buds_list: list of bud LEBs belonging to this journal head
+ * @grouped: non-zero if UBIFS groups nodes when writing to this journal head
  *
  * Note, the @buds list is protected by the @c->buds_lock.
  */
 struct ubifs_jhead {
 	struct ubifs_wbuf wbuf;
 	struct list_head buds_list;
+	unsigned int grouped:1;
 };
 
 /**
@@ -1171,6 +1353,9 @@ struct ubifs_zbranch {
  * @offs: offset of the corresponding indexing node
  * @len: length  of the corresponding indexing node
  * @zbranch: array of znode branches (@c->fanout elements)
+ *
+ * Note! The @lnum, @offs, and @len fields are not really needed - we have them
+ * only for internal consistency check. They could be removed to save some RAM.
  */
 struct ubifs_znode {
 	struct ubifs_znode *parent;
@@ -1181,9 +1366,9 @@ struct ubifs_znode {
 	int child_cnt;
 	int iip;
 	int alt;
-#ifdef CONFIG_UBIFS_FS_DEBUG
-	int lnum, offs, len;
-#endif
+	int lnum;
+	int offs;
+	int len;
 	struct ubifs_zbranch zbranch[];
 };
 
@@ -1236,10 +1421,15 @@ struct ubifs_node_range {
  */
 struct ubifs_compressor {
 	int compr_type;
-	char *name;
-	char *capi_name;
+	struct crypto_comp *cc;
+	struct mutex *comp_mutex;
+	struct mutex *decomp_mutex;
+	const char *name;
+	const char *capi_name;
+#ifdef __UBOOT__
 	int (*decompress)(const unsigned char *in, size_t in_len,
 			  unsigned char *out, size_t *out_len);
+#endif
 };
 
 /**
@@ -1313,6 +1503,8 @@ struct ubifs_budget_req {
  * @dnext: next orphan to delete
  * @inum: inode number
  * @new: %1 => added since the last commit, otherwise %0
+ * @cmt: %1 => commit pending, otherwise %0
+ * @del: %1 => delete pending, otherwise %0
  */
 struct ubifs_orphan {
 	struct rb_node rb;
@@ -1321,7 +1513,9 @@ struct ubifs_orphan {
 	struct ubifs_orphan *cnext;
 	struct ubifs_orphan *dnext;
 	ino_t inum;
-	int new;
+	unsigned new:1;
+	unsigned cmt:1;
+	unsigned del:1;
 };
 
 /**
@@ -1344,6 +1538,40 @@ struct ubifs_mount_opts {
 	unsigned int compr_type:2;
 };
 
+/**
+ * struct ubifs_budg_info - UBIFS budgeting information.
+ * @idx_growth: amount of bytes budgeted for index growth
+ * @data_growth: amount of bytes budgeted for cached data
+ * @dd_growth: amount of bytes budgeted for cached data that will make
+ *             other data dirty
+ * @uncommitted_idx: amount of bytes were budgeted for growth of the index, but
+ *                   which still have to be taken into account because the index
+ *                   has not been committed so far
+ * @old_idx_sz: size of index on flash
+ * @min_idx_lebs: minimum number of LEBs required for the index
+ * @nospace: non-zero if the file-system does not have flash space (used as
+ *           optimization)
+ * @nospace_rp: the same as @nospace, but additionally means that even reserved
+ *              pool is full
+ * @page_budget: budget for a page (constant, nenver changed after mount)
+ * @inode_budget: budget for an inode (constant, nenver changed after mount)
+ * @dent_budget: budget for a directory entry (constant, nenver changed after
+ *               mount)
+ */
+struct ubifs_budg_info {
+	long long idx_growth;
+	long long data_growth;
+	long long dd_growth;
+	long long uncommitted_idx;
+	unsigned long long old_idx_sz;
+	int min_idx_lebs;
+	unsigned int nospace:1;
+	unsigned int nospace_rp:1;
+	int page_budget;
+	int inode_budget;
+	int dent_budget;
+};
+
 struct ubifs_debug_info;
 
 /**
@@ -1387,6 +1615,7 @@ struct ubifs_debug_info;
  * @cmt_wq: wait queue to sleep on if the log is full and a commit is running
  *
  * @big_lpt: flag that LPT is too big to write whole during commit
+ * @space_fixup: flag indicating that free space in LEBs needs to be cleaned up
  * @no_chk_data_crc: do not check CRCs when reading data nodes (except during
  *                   recovery)
  * @bulk_read: enable bulk-reads
@@ -1418,6 +1647,11 @@ struct ubifs_debug_info;
  * @bu_mutex: protects the pre-allocated bulk-read buffer and @c->bu
  * @bu: pre-allocated bulk-read information
  *
+ * @write_reserve_mutex: protects @write_reserve_buf
+ * @write_reserve_buf: on the write path we allocate memory, which might
+ *                     sometimes be unavailable, in which case we use this
+ *                     write reserve buffer
+ *
  * @log_lebs: number of logical eraseblocks in the log
  * @log_bytes: log size in bytes
  * @log_last: last LEB of the log
@@ -1439,43 +1673,34 @@ struct ubifs_debug_info;
  *
  * @min_io_size: minimal input/output unit size
  * @min_io_shift: number of bits in @min_io_size minus one
+ * @max_write_size: maximum amount of bytes the underlying flash can write at a
+ *                  time (MTD write buffer size)
+ * @max_write_shift: number of bits in @max_write_size minus one
  * @leb_size: logical eraseblock size in bytes
+ * @leb_start: starting offset of logical eraseblocks within physical
+ *             eraseblocks
  * @half_leb_size: half LEB size
+ * @idx_leb_size: how many bytes of an LEB are effectively available when it is
+ *                used to store indexing nodes (@leb_size - @max_idx_node_sz)
  * @leb_cnt: count of logical eraseblocks
  * @max_leb_cnt: maximum count of logical eraseblocks
  * @old_leb_cnt: count of logical eraseblocks before re-size
  * @ro_media: the underlying UBI volume is read-only
+ * @ro_mount: the file-system was mounted as read-only
+ * @ro_error: UBIFS switched to R/O mode because an error happened
  *
  * @dirty_pg_cnt: number of dirty pages (not used)
  * @dirty_zn_cnt: number of dirty znodes
  * @clean_zn_cnt: number of clean znodes
  *
- * @budg_idx_growth: amount of bytes budgeted for index growth
- * @budg_data_growth: amount of bytes budgeted for cached data
- * @budg_dd_growth: amount of bytes budgeted for cached data that will make
- *                  other data dirty
- * @budg_uncommitted_idx: amount of bytes were budgeted for growth of the index,
- *                        but which still have to be taken into account because
- *                        the index has not been committed so far
- * @space_lock: protects @budg_idx_growth, @budg_data_growth, @budg_dd_growth,
- *              @budg_uncommited_idx, @min_idx_lebs, @old_idx_sz, @lst,
- *              @nospace, and @nospace_rp;
- * @min_idx_lebs: minimum number of LEBs required for the index
- * @old_idx_sz: size of index on flash
+ * @space_lock: protects @bi and @lst
+ * @lst: lprops statistics
+ * @bi: budgeting information
  * @calc_idx_sz: temporary variable which is used to calculate new index size
  *               (contains accurate new index size at end of TNC commit start)
- * @lst: lprops statistics
- * @nospace: non-zero if the file-system does not have flash space (used as
- *           optimization)
- * @nospace_rp: the same as @nospace, but additionally means that even reserved
- *              pool is full
- *
- * @page_budget: budget for a page
- * @inode_budget: budget for an inode
- * @dent_budget: budget for a directory entry
  *
  * @ref_node_alsz: size of the LEB reference node aligned to the min. flash
- * I/O unit
+ *                 I/O unit
  * @mst_node_alsz: master node aligned size
  * @min_idx_node_sz: minimum indexing node aligned on 8-bytes boundary
  * @max_idx_node_sz: maximum indexing node aligned on 8-bytes boundary
@@ -1558,9 +1783,11 @@ struct ubifs_debug_info;
  *             previous commit start
  * @uncat_list: list of un-categorized LEBs
  * @empty_list: list of empty LEBs
- * @freeable_list: list of freeable non-index LEBs (free + dirty == leb_size)
- * @frdi_idx_list: list of freeable index LEBs (free + dirty == leb_size)
+ * @freeable_list: list of freeable non-index LEBs (free + dirty == @leb_size)
+ * @frdi_idx_list: list of freeable index LEBs (free + dirty == @leb_size)
  * @freeable_cnt: number of freeable LEBs in @freeable_list
+ * @in_a_category_cnt: count of lprops which are in a certain category, which
+ *                     basically meants that they were loaded from the flash
  *
  * @ltab_lnum: LEB number of LPT's own lprops table
  * @ltab_offs: offset of LPT's own lprops table
@@ -1577,25 +1804,29 @@ struct ubifs_debug_info;
  * @rp_uid: reserved pool user ID
  * @rp_gid: reserved pool group ID
  *
- * @empty: if the UBI device is empty
- * @replay_tree: temporary tree used during journal replay
+ * @empty: %1 if the UBI device is empty
+ * @need_recovery: %1 if the file-system needs recovery
+ * @replaying: %1 during journal replay
+ * @mounting: %1 while mounting
+ * @remounting_rw: %1 while re-mounting from R/O mode to R/W mode
  * @replay_list: temporary list used during journal replay
  * @replay_buds: list of buds to replay
  * @cs_sqnum: sequence number of first node in the log (commit start node)
  * @replay_sqnum: sequence number of node currently being replayed
- * @need_recovery: file-system needs recovery
- * @replaying: set to %1 during journal replay
- * @unclean_leb_list: LEBs to recover when mounting ro to rw
- * @rcvrd_mst_node: recovered master node to write when mounting ro to rw
+ * @unclean_leb_list: LEBs to recover when re-mounting R/O mounted FS to R/W
+ *                    mode
+ * @rcvrd_mst_node: recovered master node to write when re-mounting R/O mounted
+ *                  FS to R/W mode
  * @size_tree: inode size information for recovery
- * @remounting_rw: set while remounting from ro to rw (sb flags have MS_RDONLY)
- * @always_chk_crc: always check CRCs (while mounting and remounting rw)
  * @mount_opts: UBIFS-specific mount options
  *
  * @dbg: debugging-related information
  */
 struct ubifs_info {
 	struct super_block *vfs_sb;
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
+	struct backing_dev_info bdi;
+#endif
 
 	ino_t highest_inum;
 	unsigned long long max_sqnum;
@@ -1628,6 +1859,7 @@ struct ubifs_info {
 	wait_queue_head_t cmt_wq;
 
 	unsigned int big_lpt:1;
+	unsigned int space_fixup:1;
 	unsigned int no_chk_data_crc:1;
 	unsigned int bulk_read:1;
 	unsigned int default_compr:2;
@@ -1657,6 +1889,9 @@ struct ubifs_info {
 	struct mutex bu_mutex;
 	struct bu_info bu;
 
+	struct mutex write_reserve_mutex;
+	void *write_reserve_buf;
+
 	int log_lebs;
 	long long log_bytes;
 	int log_last;
@@ -1678,28 +1913,27 @@ struct ubifs_info {
 
 	int min_io_size;
 	int min_io_shift;
+	int max_write_size;
+	int max_write_shift;
 	int leb_size;
+	int leb_start;
 	int half_leb_size;
+	int idx_leb_size;
 	int leb_cnt;
 	int max_leb_cnt;
 	int old_leb_cnt;
-	int ro_media;
+	unsigned int ro_media:1;
+	unsigned int ro_mount:1;
+	unsigned int ro_error:1;
+
+	atomic_long_t dirty_pg_cnt;
+	atomic_long_t dirty_zn_cnt;
+	atomic_long_t clean_zn_cnt;
 
-	long long budg_idx_growth;
-	long long budg_data_growth;
-	long long budg_dd_growth;
-	long long budg_uncommitted_idx;
 	spinlock_t space_lock;
-	int min_idx_lebs;
-	unsigned long long old_idx_sz;
-	unsigned long long calc_idx_sz;
 	struct ubifs_lp_stats lst;
-	unsigned int nospace:1;
-	unsigned int nospace_rp:1;
-
-	int page_budget;
-	int inode_budget;
-	int dent_budget;
+	struct ubifs_budg_info bi;
+	unsigned long long calc_idx_sz;
 
 	int ref_node_alsz;
 	int mst_node_alsz;
@@ -1785,6 +2019,7 @@ struct ubifs_info {
 	struct list_head freeable_list;
 	struct list_head frdi_idx_list;
 	int freeable_cnt;
+	int in_a_category_cnt;
 
 	int ltab_lnum;
 	int ltab_offs;
@@ -1798,31 +2033,32 @@ struct ubifs_info {
 
 	long long rp_size;
 	long long report_rp_size;
-	uid_t rp_uid;
-	gid_t rp_gid;
+	kuid_t rp_uid;
+	kgid_t rp_gid;
 
 	/* The below fields are used only during mounting and re-mounting */
-	int empty;
-	struct rb_root replay_tree;
+	unsigned int empty:1;
+	unsigned int need_recovery:1;
+	unsigned int replaying:1;
+	unsigned int mounting:1;
+	unsigned int remounting_rw:1;
 	struct list_head replay_list;
 	struct list_head replay_buds;
 	unsigned long long cs_sqnum;
 	unsigned long long replay_sqnum;
-	int need_recovery;
-	int replaying;
 	struct list_head unclean_leb_list;
 	struct ubifs_mst_node *rcvrd_mst_node;
 	struct rb_root size_tree;
-	int remounting_rw;
-	int always_chk_crc;
 	struct ubifs_mount_opts mount_opts;
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_UBIFS_FS_DEBUG
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
 	struct ubifs_debug_info *dbg;
 #endif
 };
 
+extern struct list_head ubifs_infos;
 extern spinlock_t ubifs_infos_lock;
+extern atomic_long_t ubifs_clean_zn_cnt;
 extern struct kmem_cache *ubifs_inode_slab;
 extern const struct super_operations ubifs_super_operations;
 extern const struct address_space_operations ubifs_file_address_operations;
@@ -1836,16 +2072,23 @@ extern struct ubifs_compressor *ubifs_compressors[UBIFS_COMPR_TYPES_CNT];
 
 /* io.c */
 void ubifs_ro_mode(struct ubifs_info *c, int err);
+int ubifs_leb_read(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, void *buf, int offs,
+		   int len, int even_ebadmsg);
+int ubifs_leb_write(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, const void *buf, int offs,
+		    int len);
+int ubifs_leb_change(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum, const void *buf, int len);
+int ubifs_leb_unmap(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum);
+int ubifs_leb_map(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum);
+int ubifs_is_mapped(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum);
 int ubifs_wbuf_write_nolock(struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf, void *buf, int len);
-int ubifs_wbuf_seek_nolock(struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf, int lnum, int offs,
-			   int dtype);
+int ubifs_wbuf_seek_nolock(struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf, int lnum, int offs);
 int ubifs_wbuf_init(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf);
 int ubifs_read_node(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf, int type, int len,
 		    int lnum, int offs);
 int ubifs_read_node_wbuf(struct ubifs_wbuf *wbuf, void *buf, int type, int len,
 			 int lnum, int offs);
 int ubifs_write_node(struct ubifs_info *c, void *node, int len, int lnum,
-		     int offs, int dtype);
+		     int offs);
 int ubifs_check_node(const struct ubifs_info *c, const void *buf, int lnum,
 		     int offs, int quiet, int must_chk_crc);
 void ubifs_prepare_node(struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf, int len, int pad);
@@ -1859,7 +2102,7 @@ int ubifs_sync_wbufs_by_inode(struct ubifs_info *c, struct inode *inode);
 
 /* scan.c */
 struct ubifs_scan_leb *ubifs_scan(const struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum,
-				  int offs, void *sbuf);
+				  int offs, void *sbuf, int quiet);
 void ubifs_scan_destroy(struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb);
 int ubifs_scan_a_node(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *buf, int len, int lnum,
 		      int offs, int quiet);
@@ -1921,7 +2164,7 @@ long long ubifs_reported_space(const struct ubifs_info *c, long long free);
 long long ubifs_calc_available(const struct ubifs_info *c, int min_idx_lebs);
 
 /* find.c */
-int ubifs_find_free_space(struct ubifs_info *c, int min_space, int *free,
+int ubifs_find_free_space(struct ubifs_info *c, int min_space, int *offs,
 			  int squeeze);
 int ubifs_find_free_leb_for_idx(struct ubifs_info *c);
 int ubifs_find_dirty_leb(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_lprops *ret_lp,
@@ -1983,8 +2226,13 @@ int ubifs_tnc_read_node(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_zbranch *zbr,
 int ubifs_tnc_start_commit(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_zbranch *zroot);
 int ubifs_tnc_end_commit(struct ubifs_info *c);
 
+#ifndef __UBOOT__
 /* shrinker.c */
-int ubifs_shrinker(int nr_to_scan, gfp_t gfp_mask);
+unsigned long ubifs_shrink_scan(struct shrinker *shrink,
+				struct shrink_control *sc);
+unsigned long ubifs_shrink_count(struct shrinker *shrink,
+				 struct shrink_control *sc);
+#endif
 
 /* commit.c */
 int ubifs_bg_thread(void *info);
@@ -2003,6 +2251,7 @@ int ubifs_write_master(struct ubifs_info *c);
 int ubifs_read_superblock(struct ubifs_info *c);
 struct ubifs_sb_node *ubifs_read_sb_node(struct ubifs_info *c);
 int ubifs_write_sb_node(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_sb_node *sup);
+int ubifs_fixup_free_space(struct ubifs_info *c);
 
 /* replay.c */
 int ubifs_validate_entry(struct ubifs_info *c,
@@ -2084,14 +2333,15 @@ const struct ubifs_lprops *ubifs_fast_find_free(struct ubifs_info *c);
 const struct ubifs_lprops *ubifs_fast_find_empty(struct ubifs_info *c);
 const struct ubifs_lprops *ubifs_fast_find_freeable(struct ubifs_info *c);
 const struct ubifs_lprops *ubifs_fast_find_frdi_idx(struct ubifs_info *c);
+int ubifs_calc_dark(const struct ubifs_info *c, int spc);
 
 /* file.c */
-int ubifs_fsync(struct file *file, struct dentry *dentry, int datasync);
+int ubifs_fsync(struct file *file, loff_t start, loff_t end, int datasync);
 int ubifs_setattr(struct dentry *dentry, struct iattr *attr);
 
 /* dir.c */
 struct inode *ubifs_new_inode(struct ubifs_info *c, const struct inode *dir,
-			      int mode);
+			      umode_t mode);
 int ubifs_getattr(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct dentry *dentry,
 		  struct kstat *stat);
 
@@ -2111,11 +2361,11 @@ int ubifs_iput(struct inode *inode);
 int ubifs_recover_master_node(struct ubifs_info *c);
 int ubifs_write_rcvrd_mst_node(struct ubifs_info *c);
 struct ubifs_scan_leb *ubifs_recover_leb(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum,
-					 int offs, void *sbuf, int grouped);
+					 int offs, void *sbuf, int jhead);
 struct ubifs_scan_leb *ubifs_recover_log_leb(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum,
 					     int offs, void *sbuf);
-int ubifs_recover_inl_heads(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *sbuf);
-int ubifs_clean_lebs(const struct ubifs_info *c, void *sbuf);
+int ubifs_recover_inl_heads(struct ubifs_info *c, void *sbuf);
+int ubifs_clean_lebs(struct ubifs_info *c, void *sbuf);
 int ubifs_rcvry_gc_commit(struct ubifs_info *c);
 int ubifs_recover_size_accum(struct ubifs_info *c, union ubifs_key *key,
 			     int deletion, loff_t new_size);
@@ -2131,24 +2381,22 @@ long ubifs_compat_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg);
 
 /* compressor.c */
 int __init ubifs_compressors_init(void);
-void __exit ubifs_compressors_exit(void);
+void ubifs_compressors_exit(void);
 void ubifs_compress(const void *in_buf, int in_len, void *out_buf, int *out_len,
 		    int *compr_type);
 int ubifs_decompress(const void *buf, int len, void *out, int *out_len,
 		     int compr_type);
 
+#include "debug.h"
+#include "misc.h"
+#include "key.h"
+
+#ifdef __UBOOT__
 /* these are used in cmd_ubifs.c */
 int ubifs_init(void);
-int ubifs_mount(char *vol_name);
+int uboot_ubifs_mount(char *vol_name);
 void ubifs_umount(struct ubifs_info *c);
 int ubifs_ls(char *dir_name);
 int ubifs_load(char *filename, u32 addr, u32 size);
-
-#include "debug.h"
-#include "misc.h"
-#include "key.h"
-
-/* todo: Move these to a common U-Boot header */
-int lzo1x_decompress_safe(const unsigned char *in, size_t in_len,
-			  unsigned char *out, size_t *out_len);
+#endif
 #endif /* !__UBIFS_H__ */